Michael Geuss

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George K. # Zarifis

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

J. B. (Jack) Owens

Idaho State University

Mahmoud Farag

American University in Cairo

David Seamon

Kansas State University

Leesa Wheelahan

University of Toronto

Nikita Basov

The University of Manchester

John Field

University of Stirling

Sebastian Fürst

Saarland University

Anne-Nelly Perret-Clermont

University of Neuchâtel

Faiza Jamil

Clemson University

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Papers by Michael Geuss

A Video Self-avatar Influences the Perception of Heights in an Augmented Reality Oculus Rift

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

This paper compares the influence a video self-avatar and a lack of a visual representation of a ... more This paper compares the influence a video self-avatar and a lack of a visual representation of a body have on height estimation when standing at a virtual visual cliff. A height estimation experiment was conducted using a custom augmented reality Oculus Rift hardware and software prototype also described in this paper. The results show a consistency with previous research demonstrating that the presence of a visual body influences height estimates, just as it has been shown to influence distance estimates and affordance estimates.

Braking Bad: The Dynamic Influence of Anxiety on Visually Guided Action Performance

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Changing spaces: Body size influences the perception of aperture width

Previous research has shown that changing the body can influence the perception of distances in n... more

Arousal and imbalance influence size perception

Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that manipulating vision can influence balance (Edwar... more

Real and virtual changes to the body affect the perception of affordances

Short Paper: A Video Self-avatar Influences the Perception of Heights in an Augmented Reality Oculus Rift

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

The Perceptual Homunculus: The Perception of the Relative Proportions of the Human Body

by Heinrich Bülthoff, Hong Yu Wong, Kathleen McCulloch, Michael Geuss, and Betty Mohler

Given that observing one&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;... more Given that observing one&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s body is ubiquitous in experience, it is natural to assume that people accurately perceive the relative sizes of their body parts. This assumption is mistaken. In a series of studies, we show that there are dramatic systematic distortions in the perception of bodily proportions, as assessed by visual estimation tasks, where participants were asked to compare the lengths of two body parts. These distortions are not evident when participants estimate the extent of a body part relative to a noncorporeal object or when asked to estimate noncorporal objects that are the same length as their body parts. Our results reveal a radical asymmetry in the perception of corporeal and noncorporeal relative size estimates. Our findings also suggest that people visually perceive the relative size of their body parts as a function of each part&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s relative tactile sensitivity and physical size. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

A Preliminary Study on the Role of Movement Imagery in Spatial Perception

ABSTRACT According to dance theory, dancers are uniquely aware of the relationship between the en... more ABSTRACT According to dance theory, dancers are uniquely aware of the relationship between the environment and their body, making them a type of spatial expert. Inherent in their practice are the abilities to assess the location of other people, objects and the environment relative to their body, and to use movement imagery. The current study tests if dancers perceive the world differently than non-dancers. To test this, dancers performed a battery of spatial tasks (egocentric and exocentric distance estimates, a height judgment, and affordance judgments) and completed paper-and-pencil spatial ability tests. Dancers differed from non-dancers in their movement imagery ability but superior imagery ability did not result in greater accuracy in imagined distance estimates. Dancers were found to be, on average, less conservative in their affordance judgments than non-dancers.

Relating spatial perspective taking to the perception of other's affordances: providing a foundation for predicting the future behavior of others

Understanding what another agent can see relates functionally to the understanding of what they c... more Understanding what another agent can see relates functionally to the understanding of what they can do. We propose that spatial perspective taking and perceiving other's affordances, while two separate spatial processes, together share the common social function of predicting the behavior of others. Perceiving the action capabilities of others allows for a common understanding of how agents may act together. The ability to take another's perspective focuses an understanding of action goals so that more precise understanding of intentions may result. This review presents an analysis of these complementary abilities, both in terms of the frames of reference and the proposed sensorimotor mechanisms involved. Together, we argue for the importance of reconsidering the role of basic spatial processes to explain more complex behaviors.

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Evidence for Hand-Size Constancy: The Dominant Hand as a Natural Perceptual Metric}

by Betty Mohler, Markus Leyrer, and Michael Geuss

The hand is a reliable and ecologically useful perceptual ruler that can be used to scale the siz... more The hand is a reliable and ecologically useful perceptual ruler that can be used to scale the sizes of close, manipulatable objects in the world in a manner similar to the way in which eye height is used to scale the heights of objects on the ground plane. Certain objects are perceived proportionally to the size of the hand, and as a result, changes in the relationship between the sizes of objects in the world and the size of the hand are attributed to changes in object size rather than hand size. To illustrate this notion, we provide evidence from several experiments showing that people perceive their dominant hand as less magnified than other body parts or objects when these items are subjected to the same degree of magnification. These findings suggest that the hand is perceived as having a more constant size and, consequently, can serve as a reliable metric with which to measure objects of commensurate size.

Utilizing Topology to Generate and Test Theories of Change

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Psychological Methods, 2014

Statistical and methodological innovations in the study of change are advancing rapidly, and visu... more Statistical and methodological innovations in the study of change are advancing rapidly, and visual tools have become an important component in model building and testing. Graphical representations such as path diagrams are necessary, but may be insufficient in the case of complex theories and models. Topology is a visual tool that connects theory and testable equations believed to capture the theorized patterns of change. Although some prior work has made use of topologies, these representations have often been generated as a result of the tested models. This article argues that utilizing topology a priori, when developing a theory, and applying analogous statistical models is a prudent method to conduct research. This article reviews topology by demonstrating how to build a topological representation of a theory and recover the implied equations, ultimately facilitating the transition from complex theory to testable model. Finally, topologies can guide researchers as they adjust or expand their theories in light of recent model testing. (PsycINFO Database Record

The perceptual homunculus: The perception of the relative proportions of the human body

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

Journal of experimental psychology. General, 2015

Given that observing one's body is ubiquitous in experience, it is natural to assume that peo... more Given that observing one's body is ubiquitous in experience, it is natural to assume that people accurately perceive the relative sizes of their body parts. This assumption is mistaken. In a series of studies, we show that there are dramatic systematic distortions in the perception of bodily proportions, as assessed by visual estimation tasks, where participants were asked to compare the lengths of two body parts. These distortions are not evident when participants estimate the extent of a body part relative to a noncorporeal object or when asked to estimate noncorporal objects that are the same length as their body parts. Our results reveal a radical asymmetry in the perception of corporeal and noncorporeal relative size estimates. Our findings also suggest that people visually perceive the relative size of their body parts as a function of each part's relative tactile sensitivity and physical size. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Perception of the height of a barrier is scaled to the body

Journal of Vision, 2010

Comparing different measures of space perception across real and virtual environments

The role of depth and frontal planes in perceiving distances in a virtual environment

A comparison of size perception in real and virtual environments using judgments of action capability

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Abstract 3D scenes are often presented as pictures on desktop monitors. Much of the work on size ... more Abstract 3D scenes are often presented as pictures on desktop monitors. Much of the work on size perception in pictures has used measures involving visual matching. How observers perceive pictorial displays with respect to body-based judgments about action capabilities has not been examined, and may be relevant for applications intended to display act-on-able objects or environments such as in architectural design. Affordance judgments have been used in real and immersive environments, often focused on larger scale actions ...

Studying the relationship between emotion and height perception in naturalistic settings

Journal of Vision, May 10, 2008

This study analyzed the relationship between emotion and the perception of heights, in naturalist... more This study analyzed the relationship between emotion and the perception of heights, in naturalistic settings, where participants would experience more fear and anxiety than could be evoked in the laboratory. Previous research has shown that people overestimate height more from the top than the bottom, especially when they are afraid of heights (Stefanucci & Proffitt, 2007). Participants in this study were 19 college students enrolled in an outdoor adventure course (experiment group) and 20 college students not ...

Mirror, mirror, on the wall: Can I walk through this aperture?

Journal of Vision, Aug 5, 2009

Previous research has shown that manipulating the action capabilities of observers alters their p... more Previous research has shown that manipulating the action capabilities of observers alters their perceived affordances for passage (Higuchi, Takada, Matsuura, & Imanaka, 2004; Wagman & Malek, 2007). Little research has manipulated the environment, instead of the observer, to assess whether changes to the environment can alter the perception of affordances and of the environment itself. In a series of studies, we manipulated the environment by placing a reflective surface (a mirror) behind an aperture, for which ...

Evaluating the accuracy of size perception in real and virtual environments

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Accurate perception of the size of 3D objects depicted on 2D desktop displays is important for ma... more Accurate perception of the size of 3D objects depicted on 2D desktop displays is important for many applications. Whether users perceive objects depicted on a display to be the same size as comparable real world objects is not well understood. We propose using affordances judgments as a way of measuring the perceived size of objects depicted in desktop virtual environments and the real world. The methodology involves indicating whether or not a particular action can be performed in a given environment, making it a ...

Form Perception through Phase Relations of Retina Ganglion Cell Firing and Extraocular Muscle Contractions

Journal of Vision, Aug 13, 2012

We propose a way of understanding form perception that emphasizes the changes in eye movements re... more We propose a way of understanding form perception that emphasizes the changes in eye movements relative to changes in firing on the retina; a critical ratio is formed between the frequency of retina ganglion cell firing and the frequency of extraocular muscle contractions (ie, the muscles controlling eye movements). In Experiment 1 we asked if changes in eye movement frequencies would alter perceived forms and their perceived movement by altering the critical ratio between eye movement and retinal firing ...

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A Video Self-avatar Influences the Perception of Heights in an Augmented Reality Oculus Rift

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

Braking Bad: The Dynamic Influence of Anxiety on Visually Guided Action Performance

Download

Changing spaces: Body size influences the perception of aperture width

Previous research has shown that changing the body can influence the perception of distances in n... more

Arousal and imbalance influence size perception

Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that manipulating vision can influence balance (Edwar... more

Real and virtual changes to the body affect the perception of affordances

Short Paper: A Video Self-avatar Influences the Perception of Heights in an Augmented Reality Oculus Rift

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

The Perceptual Homunculus: The Perception of the Relative Proportions of the Human Body

by Heinrich Bülthoff, Hong Yu Wong, Kathleen McCulloch, Michael Geuss, and Betty Mohler

A Preliminary Study on the Role of Movement Imagery in Spatial Perception

Relating spatial perspective taking to the perception of other's affordances: providing a foundation for predicting the future behavior of others

Download

Evidence for Hand-Size Constancy: The Dominant Hand as a Natural Perceptual Metric}

by Betty Mohler, Markus Leyrer, and Michael Geuss

Utilizing Topology to Generate and Test Theories of Change

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Psychological Methods, 2014

The perceptual homunculus: The perception of the relative proportions of the human body

by Michael Geuss and Betty Mohler

Journal of experimental psychology. General, 2015

Perception of the height of a barrier is scaled to the body

Journal of Vision, 2010

Comparing different measures of space perception across real and virtual environments

The role of depth and frontal planes in perceiving distances in a virtual environment

A comparison of size perception in real and virtual environments using judgments of action capability

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Studying the relationship between emotion and height perception in naturalistic settings

Journal of Vision, May 10, 2008

Mirror, mirror, on the wall: Can I walk through this aperture?

Journal of Vision, Aug 5, 2009

Evaluating the accuracy of size perception in real and virtual environments

by Michael Geuss and D. Lessard

Form Perception through Phase Relations of Retina Ganglion Cell Firing and Extraocular Muscle Contractions

Journal of Vision, Aug 13, 2012

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