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ස්තම්භනය

විකිපීඩියා වෙතින්
The black king has been checkmated; the game is over, assuming that there are no other pieces (not visible in the picture) that could capture the queen.

ස්තම්භනය යනු චෙස් ක්‍රීඩාවේදී යොදා ගන්නා වචනයකි. මෙය බොහෝ විට චෙක්මේට් යනුවෙන් අප අතරේ භාවිතා වේ. මෙහි තේරුම වන්නේ රජුට පළා යා නොහැකි පරිදි අල්ලා ගැනීම යන්නයි. ස්තම්භනය කිරීම චෙස් ක්‍රීඩාවක අවසාන ඉලක්කය වේ. ප්‍රිතිවාදියාගේ රජුට කිසිදු අයුරකින් පැන යාමට නොදී අල්ලා ගත් පසුව ඔහු චෙක්මේට් වූවා යැයි කියනු ලැබේ. බෝහෝ විට චෙක්මේට් වීමට නොහොත් ස්තම්භනය වීමට එක් පියවරකට ප්‍රථමයෙන් තරඟය අවසන් වේ. මීට හේතුව වන්නේ ප්‍රතිවාදියාට මීළඟට එක් නිත්‍යානුකූල පියවරක් නොමැති වීමය. බොහෝ ක්‍රීඩකයෝ ස්තම්භනය වීමට ප්‍රථමයෙන් ක්‍රීඩාවෙන් ඉවත් වේ.




ස්ටිල්මේට්

[සංස්කරණය]

චෙස් ක්‍රීඩාවේදී ප්‍රිතිවාදියාගේ රජුට ප්‍රහාරයක් සිදුවන ඉත්තන් මෙහෙය වූ අවස්ථාවක චෙක් යනුවෙන් පැවසිය යුතු වේ. එවිට ප්‍රතිවාදියා එම අනතුරු අවස්ථාවට අදාළ පරිදි ක්‍රියා කරණු ඇත. යම් අවස්ථාවකදී ප්‍රතිවාදියාගේ රජුට සිදු කිරීමට කිසිදු නීතිමය පියවරක් නොමැතිව හා එම අවස්ථාවේදී රජු චෙක් නොවී ඇති විටදී තරඟය ස්ටිල්මේට් යන අයුරින් අවසන් වේ. මෙය තරඟය ජය පරාදයෙන් තොරව අවසන් වූ අවස්ථාවක් ලෙස සැලකේ.


උදාහරණ

[සංස්කරණය]
ෆූල්ස් මේට්
Start of chess board.
a8 black rook b8 black knight c8 black bishop d8 black king e8 black king f8 black bishop g8 black knight h8 black rook
a7 black pawn b7 black pawn c7 black pawn d7 black pawn e7 black king f7 black pawn g7 black pawn h7 black pawn
a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king
a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black pawn f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king
a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 white pawn h4 black queen
a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 white pawn g3 black king h3 black king
a2 white pawn b2 white pawn c2 white pawn d2 white pawn e2 white pawn f2 black king g2 black king h2 white pawn
a1 white rook b1 white knight c1 white bishop d1 white queen e1 white king f1 white bishop g1 white knight h1 white rook
End of chess board.
සුදු ස්තම්භනය වී ඇත
D. Byrne vs. Fischer
Start of chess board.
a8 black king b8 white queen c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king
a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black pawn g7 black king h7 black king
a6 black king b6 black king c6 black pawn d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black pawn h6 black king
a5 black king b5 black pawn c5 black king d5 black king e5 white knight f5 black king g5 black king h5 black pawn
a4 black king b4 black bishop c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 white pawn
a3 black king b3 black bishop c3 black knight d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king
a2 black king b2 black king c2 black rook d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 white pawn h2 black king
a1 black king b1 black king c1 white king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king
End of chess board.
සුදු ස්තම්භනය වී ඇත
රුක් භාවිතයෙන් ස්තම්භනය කිරීමක්
Start of chess board.
a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 white rook h8 black king
a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king
a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 white king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king
a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king
a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king
a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king
a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king
a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king
End of chess board.
සුදු ස්තම්භනය වී ඇත

ස්තම්භනය තරඟයේ මුල් භාගයේදී හෝ මැද භාගයේදී හෝ අවසාන භාගයේදී සිදුවිය හැකිය.


ප්‍රධාන ඉත්තන් දෙවර්ගය

[සංස්කරණය]
Start of chess board.
a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king
a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king
a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king
a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king
a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king
a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king
a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 white queen h2 black king
a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 white rook g1 black king h1 white king
End of chess board.
White checkmates easily
Start of chess board.
a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king
a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king
a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king
a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king
a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king
a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king
a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 white rook g2 black king h2 black king
a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 white queen h1 white king
End of chess board.
Checkmate with queen and rook

රැජිණ සහ රුක් යන ඉත්තන් වර්ග දෙක ස්තම්භනය කිරීම සඳහා චෙස් ක්‍රීඩාවේ ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් යොදා ගැනේ. මෙම වර්ග දෙක එකිනෙකට ආසන්නයේ තබා ගත් කල්හි චෙක්මේට් කිරීම ඉතා පහසු කටයුත්තක් වන්නේය. රුක් දෙදෙනෙක් හෝ රැජිණියන් දෙදෙනෙක් සිටීනම් රජුගේ ආධාරයක් නොමැතිව ස්තම්භනය කල හැකිය.

a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 white rook c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 white rook b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 white king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
Mid-board checkmate with king and two rooks
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 white queen c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 white queen e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 white king 1
a b c d e f g h
Mid-board checkmate with two queens
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 white queen c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 white queen c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 white king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
Another mid-board checkmate with two queens


මූලික ස්තම්භන අවස්ථා

[සංස්කරණය]

ප්‍රතිවාදියාගේ රජු පමණක් ඇති අවස්ථාවකදී ස්තම්භනය විය හැකි අවස්ථා කිහිපයක් පහත සඳහන් වේ. මේ සඳහා පහත දැක්වෙන එක අයුරකින්වත් පිටිය සමන්විත විය යුතුය. එසේම මේ සියළු අවස්ථවන්ට රජිගේ ආධාරය අවශ්‍ය වේ.

  • එක රැජිණක්
  • එක රුක් කෙනෙක්
  • පාට දෙදෙක සිටින බිශොප්ලා දෙදෙනෙක්
  • නයිට්වරයෙක් සමග එක බිශොප් කෙනෙක්

රජු හා රැජිණ

[සංස්කරණය]
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 white queen e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 white king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
Checkmate with the queen
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 white queen b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 white king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A second checkmate with the queen
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 white queen f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 white king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A third type of checkmate
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 white queen 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 white king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A fourth type of checkmate

රජු හා රුක්

[සංස්කරණය]
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 white rook h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 white king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
Checkmate with the rook
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 white king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 white rook b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A second checkmate with the rook

රජු හා බිශොප්ලා දෙදෙනෙක්

[සංස්කරණය]
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 white bishop c7 white king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 black king b6 black king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 white bishop d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A second checkmate with two bishops

රජු හා නයිට්වරයෙක් සමග එක බිශොප් කෙනෙක්

[සංස්කරණය]
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 black king c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 white knight b6 white king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 white bishop f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A checkmate with a bishop and knight
a b c d e f g h
8 a8 black king b8 black king c8 black king d8 black king e8 black king f8 black king g8 black king h8 black king 8
7 a7 black king b7 white bishop c7 black king d7 black king e7 black king f7 black king g7 black king h7 black king 7
6 a6 white knight b6 white king c6 black king d6 black king e6 black king f6 black king g6 black king h6 black king 6
5 a5 black king b5 black king c5 black king d5 black king e5 black king f5 black king g5 black king h5 black king 5
4 a4 black king b4 black king c4 black king d4 black king e4 black king f4 black king g4 black king h4 black king 4
3 a3 black king b3 black king c3 black king d3 black king e3 black king f3 black king g3 black king h3 black king 3
2 a2 black king b2 black king c2 black king d2 black king e2 black king f2 black king g2 black king h2 black king 2
1 a1 black king b1 black king c1 black king d1 black king e1 black king f1 black king g1 black king h1 black king 1
a b c d e f g h
A second checkmate with a bishop and knight
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