2019 Pacific typhoon season
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 | This article needs to be updated. (December 2020) |
The 2019 Pacific typhoon season was the most costly pacific typhoon season on record. It's based on typhoons coming to the coasts of countries around the Pacific Ocean. The storms that have formed during the period are listed below.
Season summary
[change | change source] | This section relies largely or entirely on a single source. |
January, February and March
[change | change source]January was very active, as it opened with Tropical Storm Pabuk (2019), the earliest-forming tropical storm in the Western Pacific, beating Typhoon Alice (1979), it was also the first system in the 2019 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, as Pabuk crossed the boundary as a tropical storm, right after its Malaysian landfall, before it disappeared due to wind shear. Tropical Depression 01W formed near the Marshall Islands, where a day later, it dissipated, but after crossing into the Philippine Sea, the depression regenerated into Tropical Depression Amang, and made landfall in the Samar region, where it soon dissipated, but floods from tropical depression Amang resulted in a million-peso damage and 10 deaths in Mindanao.
February was also active, with Tropical Depression 02W, which became Tropical Storm Wutip on February 19, and developed gradually in the Western Pacific, and became the season's first typhoon, and after an eyewall replacement cycle, it became the season's first Category 5 super typhoon, beating Typhoon Higos. After this, Wutip was attack by massive wind shear amounts, but managed to enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility as Tropical Depression Betty before dissipating in the Philippine Sea, and many are debating on whether Wutip's immense power was normal as March was coming, or it was caused by the deadly climate change, which already took a toll on the world, humans and animals alike. Wutip spared landmasses, but the Micronesia Islands suffered minimal damages after Wutip passed there as a Category 3 typhoon.
March was an inactive season, with only one tropical depression forming, Chedeng, which made landfall in Mindanao, before dissipating in the Sulu Sea, where wind shear was destructively high.
April and May
[change | change source]No storms in April formed, but May had 4 tropical depressions were monitored by the Japan Meteorological Agency, but were short lived and never intensified.
June and July
[change | change source]June was inactive, starting off with a tropical depression on June 24, where it was named Tropical Depression Dodong by PAGASA, and intensified to become Tropical Storm Sepat after absorbing a nearby tropical depression in the South China Sea, but this storm was never recognized by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Sepat headed off to Japan, becoming an extratropical cyclone after. Tropical Depression 04W formed on June 27, where it was named Egay by PAGASA. Egay intensified into a tropical storm (only a tropical depression for the JMA and PAGASA) before weakening to a remnant low east of Taiwan.
July was also fairly inactive, in which no typhoons formed. After Tropical Storm Egay dissipated, a new tropical depression in the South China Sea absorbed its remnants and became Tropical Storm Mun. Mun then made landfall in Hainan, where it caused minimal damages. In mid-July, Tropical Depression Falcon formed, becoming Tropical Storm Danas, which was confusing for many agencies, since it was battered by wind shear, and PAGASA announced that Danas (Falcon) looped over the landmass, while JMA and JTWC just announced the system was just stationary east of Cagayan. The blown off cloudiness split into 2 separate systems, but Danas re-absorbed the other one, while the one in the South China Sea intensified into Tropical Depression Goring, where it affected Taiwan and Batanes. Tropical Depression Goring's remnants was absorbed by a new system, where it became Tropical Storm Nari and headed for Japan.
Tropical Storm Wipha formed in the South China Sea, but only caused minimal damages in China.
August
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The season finally pushed the kickstart in August, with a slowly-intensifying system, became Tropical Storm Francisco on August 1. The system gradually developed over a couple of days, until it became a typhoon, meanwhile Tropical Depression Hanna became Tropical Storm Lekima as Francisco made landfall in Kyushu and dissipated, and Lekima became the seasons'third typhoon, and rapidly intensified along with its slow movement over the Philippine Sea, and became the season's second super typhoon. Tropical Storm Krosa and a new tropical depression (would be later absorbed by Lekima) formed alongside Typhoon Lekima (2019), while it made landfall in China as the second costliest Chinese storm in history, while Krosa became an erratic storm as it made its way through Japan.
By mid-August, Tropical Depression Ineng became Tropical Storm Bailu, and continued to intensify into a severe tropical storm, enhancing the southwest monsoon, which caused a State of Calamity over Ilocos Norte and Php.1 billion damages there, and Bailu made landfall in Taiwan and China, causing more damages.
Tropical Depression Jenny became Tropical Storm Podul in late-August, and made most of its damages in Vietnam.
September
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3 tropical depressions formed on the first day of September, the first was Tropical Depression Kabayan, which became Tropical Storm Kajiki, which was erratic, causing damages and flooding in Vietnam and the Philippines. The second was Tropical Depression Liwayway, which became Tropical Storm and later Typhoon Lingling, which was the strongest storm to make landfall in North Korea. The third was Typhoon Faxai, which was the strongest storm to strike Tokyo in 60 years.
In mid-September, Tropical Depression Marilyn interacted with a nearby tropical depression and tropical storm Peipah, which sended it back into the Philippine Sea, but was renamed Nimfa, and Nimfa intensified into Tropical Storm Tapah, and later became a typhoon before Japan landfall. Behind Tapah was Typhoon Mitag, which became a Category 2 and struck the same areas as Tapah.
October
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Tropical Depression 20W formed on October 5, 2019 in the outer Western Pacific, and later intensified into Tropical Storm Hagibis. Hagibis later became a typhoon, as it rapidly intensified towards the Mariana Islands and Guam. On 7 October, while continuing to move west, Hagibis explosively intensified and became a super typhoon in the space of only a few hours, developing a pinhole eye. As it approached the uninhabited areas of the Mariana Islands, strong convective activity as a result of extremely favourable conditions saw Hagibis became a very powerful Category 5-equivalent super typhoon with one-minute sustained wind speeds of 260 km/h (160 mph). The National Weather Service also began issuing advisories for its areas of responsibility, with a typhoon warning issued for Garapan and Tinian, and tropical storm advisories issued for Sinapalo and Hagåtña.[1] Hagibis passed over the Mariana Islands at 15:30 UTC on 7 October at peak intensity, with 10-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph) and a central pressure of 915 hPa (27.02 inHg). After passing the Mariana Islands Hagibis underwent an eyewall replacement cycle, thus weakening the typhoon. On October 12, Hagibis made landfall on Japan with sustained wind speeds of 150 km/h. Many competitions had to be cancelled due to the storm, including a Formula 1 qualifying match. Flooding in Japan was serious, and the storm costed 15 billion US dollars.
Three other tropical cyclones formed in October: one called Neoguri which struck the southern parts of Japan; another one called Bualoi mostly was on ocean and did not make landfall, and Matmo, which made landfall on Vietnam and brought heavy rainfall to southeast Asia. The remnants of it developed into an Indian Ocean cyclone known as Bulbul.
November
[change | change source]In the month of November, six named storms were recorded, including the most intense tropical cyclone of the season, Halong, formed on November 1 and became to intensify as a Category 5 super typhoon four days later with 10-minutes sustained winds of 215 km/h (130 mph) and with a minimum pressure of 905 millibars. In late-November, another storm formed that was named Kammuri on November 24. Kammuri became intensified as a Category 4 typhoon on the Saffir-Simpson Wind Scale, Kammuri made landfall in Philippines on November 30 confirming twelve people who died from the storm, with $116 million in damage.
December
[change | change source]The month of December had a quiet activity, after Kammuri's landing in Philippines, the arrival of the last named storm of the season, Phanfone, formed on December 19. Phanfone made landfall in the Philippines on December 25 during Christmas Eve as a Category 2 typhoon, the first time since Nock-Ten in 2016. Phanfone dissipated on December 29 after making landfall in Philippines, leaving a total of 50 deaths and with $61.7 million in damages.
Altogether, the season was an above-average season with 29 named storms, and the costliest season on record.
Storm names
[change | change source]Within the Northwest Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names.[2] The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[3] PAGASA names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N and 25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it.[2] The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and the Typhoon Committee.[3] Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be taken from an auxiliary list of which the first ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in gray.
International names
[change | change source]A tropical cyclone is named when it is judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[4] The JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee.[5] Retired names, if any, will be announced by the WMO in 2020, though replacement names will be announced in 2021. The next 28 names on the naming list are listed here along with their international numeric designation, if they are used. During the season, the name Mun was used for the first time, after it replaced the name Fitow, which was retired after the 2013 season.
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Philippines
[change | change source]This season, PAGASA will use its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones that either develop within or move into their self-defined area of responsibility.[6] The names were taken from a list of names last used during 2015 and are scheduled to be used again during 2023.[6] All of the names are the same except Liwayway and Nimfa, replacing the names Lando and Nona after these were retired.[6]
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Season effects
[change | change source]This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 2019. The tables also provide a brief summary of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system.
| Name | Dates active | Peak classification | Sustained wind speeds |
Pressure | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pabuk | December 31, 2018 – January 4, 2019 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Natuna Islands, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar | $157 million | 10 | |
| 01W (Amang) | January 4 – 22 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) | Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Philippines | $6.04 million | 10 | |
| Wutip (Betty) | February 18 – March 2 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands | $3.3 million | None | |
| 03W (Chedeng) | March 14 – 19 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Caroline Islands, Philippines | $23 thousand | None | |
| TD | May 7 – 8 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) | Yap, Palau | None | None | |
| TD | May 7 – 12 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| TD | May 10 – 11 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| TD | May 13 – 15 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| Sepat (Dodong) | June 24 – 28 | Tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Japan, Aleutian Islands, Russian Far East | None | None | |
| TD | June 26 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Japan, Korean Peninsula | None | None | |
| 04W (Egay) | June 27 – July 1 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Yap, Philippines, Taiwan, East China | None | None | |
| Mun | July 1 – 4 | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | South China, Vietnam, Laos | $240 thousand | 2 | |
| Danas (Falcon) | July 14 – 21 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Yap, Philippines, Taiwan, East China, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Russian Far East | $6.42 million | 6 | |
| Goring | July 17 – 19 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands | None | None | |
| Nari | July 24 – 28 | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Japan | None | None | |
| Wipha | July 30 – August 3 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | South China, Vietnam, Laos | $44.3 million | 27 | |
| Francisco | August 1 – 7 | Typhoon | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Japan, Korean Peninsula | Unknown | 1 | |
| Lekima (Hanna) | August 2 – 14 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Caroline Islands, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China | $9.28 billion | 90 | [7][8][9][10] |
| Krosa | August 5 – 16 | Typhoon | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Russian Far East | $2.64 million | 3 | |
| TD | August 6 – 8 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Philippines | None | None | |
| TD | August 17 – 18 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| TD | August 19 – 21 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) | Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China | None | None | |
| Bailu (Ineng) | August 20 – 26 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Philippines, Taiwan, South China | $28.2 million | 3 | |
| Podul (Jenny) | August 25 – 31 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Yap, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia | Unknown | 1 | |
| 14W | August 30 – Present | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Wake Island | None | None | |
| Kajiki (Kabayan) | August 30 – Present | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Philippines, South China, Vietnam | None | None | |
| Lingling (Liwayway) | August 31 – Present | Typhoon | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Philippines | None | None | |
| TD | September 1 – 2 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Philippines | None | None | |
| TD | September 4 – 5 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| TD | September 7 – 10 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Ryukyu Islands | None | None | |
| Marilyn | September 10 – 13 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Peipah | September 13 – 16 | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Bonin Islands | None | None | |
| TD | September 15 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Japan | None | None | |
| Tapah (Nimfa) | September 17 – 22 | Typhoon | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 970 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Japan, Taiwan, East China, South Korea | None | None | |
| TD | September 17 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) | Philippines | None | None | |
| TD | September 25 – Present | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Mitag (Onyok) | September 25 – October 3 | Typhoon | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Japan, East China, South Korea | Moderate | 10 | |
| TD | October 1 – 3 | Tropical depression | Not specified | 1010 hPa (29.83 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Hagibis | October 4, 2019 – January 24, 2020 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (100 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| Season aggregates | ||||||||
| 38 systems | December 31, 2018 – January 24, 2020 |
195 km/h (120 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | $9.68 billion | 194 | |||
References
[change | change source]- ↑ "Tiyan, GU".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Padgett, Gary. "Monthly Tropical Cyclone Summary December 1999". Australian Severe Weather. Archived from the original on February 11, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Typhoon Committee (February 21, 2013). "Typhoon Committee Operational Manual 2013" (PDF). World Meteorological Organization. pp. 37–38. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 1, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
- ↑ "REVIEW OF THE 2015 TYPHOON SEASON (submitted by the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center)" (PDF). Typhooncommittee.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
- ↑ Zhou, Xiao; Lei, Xiaotu (2012). "Summary of retired typhoons within the Western North Pacific Ocean". Tropical Cyclone Research and Review. 1 (1). The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific/World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee: 23–32. doi:10.6057/2012TCRR01.03. ISSN 2225-6032. Archived from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Philippine Tropical Cyclone Names". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
- ↑ "Typhoon Lekima leaves 45 dead, 16 missing in China". China.org.cn. 12 August 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2019.
- ↑ "Typhoon Lekima: 45 dead, one million displaced in China". The Week.
- ↑ "Typhoon Lekima: 45 killed, over a million displaced in China".
- ↑ "'Like a horse with an extremely fierce temper': Typhoon Lekima kills 44 in China". ABC News. 12 August 2019.