Maaqwi

Maaqwi; Temporal range: Campanian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Holotype Fossil
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Genus:	†Maaqwi; McLachpan, Kaiser, & Longrich, 2017
Species:	†M. cascadensis
Binomial name
	†Maaqwi cascadensis; McLachlan, Kaiser, & Longrich, 2017

Maaqwi is an extinct genus of large marine diving bird from the Late Cretaceous (Northumberland Formation, latest Campanian) of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada.^[1] The genus name Maaqwi comes from the Coast Salish "ma'aqwi" meaning "water bird," and the specific epithet cascadensis reflects the fossil's origin from the Cascadia region of Western North America. The genus is known from a single specimen, RBCM.EH2008.011.01120. It consists of a coracoid, humerus, ulna, and radius in a nodule of mudstone. The specimen is housed in the Royal British Columbia Museum. Maaqwi had an estimated body mass of 1.5 kg (3.3 lb).^[1] It was described as a vegaviid,^[1] although the German paleontologist Gerald Mayr suggested that the coracoid more closely resembles that of the Procellariiformes.^[2] While some studies continue to treat it as a vegaviid,^[3] others note that the phylogenetic analyses by McLachlan, Kaiser and Longrich (2017) are more appropriate to analyze stem birds than neornithines.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c McLachlan, Sandy M. S.; Kaiser, Gary W.; Longrich, Nicholas R. (December 2017). "Maaqwi cascadensis: A large, marine diving bird (Avialae: Ornithurae) from the Upper Cretaceous of British Columbia, Canada". PLOS ONE. 12 (12): e0189473. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1289473M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189473. PMC 5722380. PMID 29220405.
^ Mayr, G. (2022). "Basic Terminology and the Broader Phylogenetic and Geological Framework)". Paleogene Fossil Birds. Springer Cham. pp. 3–27. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87645-6_2.
^ Souza, Geovane a. De; Bulak, Bruno A.; Soares, Marina B.; Sayão, Juliana M.; Weinschütz, Luiz Carlos; Batezelli, Alessandro; Kellner, Alexander W. A. (2023-12-08). "The Cretaceous Neornithine record and new Vegaviidae specimens from the López de Bertodano Formation (Upper Maastrichthian) of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 95: e20230802. doi:10.1590/0001-3765202320230802. ISSN 0001-3765.
^ Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina; Irazoqui, Facundo; Bona, Paula; Paulina-Carabajal, Ariana (2024). "Review of the Cretaceous avian diversity of Antarctica: a changing scenario for the evolution of early Neornithine birds". Advances in Polar Science. 35 (1): 1–13. doi:10.12429/j.advps.2023.0025.

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[Maaqwi-1] McLachlan, Sandy M. S.; Kaiser, Gary W.; Longrich, Nicholas R. (December 2017). "Maaqwi cascadensis: A large, marine diving bird (Avialae: Ornithurae) from the Upper Cretaceous of British Columbia, Canada". PLOS ONE. 12 (12): e0189473. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1289473M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189473. PMC 5722380. PMID 29220405.

[2] Mayr, G. (2022). "Basic Terminology and the Broader Phylogenetic and Geological Framework)". Paleogene Fossil Birds. Springer Cham. pp. 3–27. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87645-6_2.

[3] Souza, Geovane a. De; Bulak, Bruno A.; Soares, Marina B.; Sayão, Juliana M.; Weinschütz, Luiz Carlos; Batezelli, Alessandro; Kellner, Alexander W. A. (2023-12-08). "The Cretaceous Neornithine record and new Vegaviidae specimens from the López de Bertodano Formation (Upper Maastrichthian) of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 95: e20230802. doi:10.1590/0001-3765202320230802. ISSN 0001-3765.

[4] Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina; Irazoqui, Facundo; Bona, Paula; Paulina-Carabajal, Ariana (2024). "Review of the Cretaceous avian diversity of Antarctica: a changing scenario for the evolution of early Neornithine birds". Advances in Polar Science. 35 (1): 1–13. doi:10.12429/j.advps.2023.0025.

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