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o-Cymene

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
o-Cymene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
1-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)benzene
Other names
  • o-Cymene
  • 2-isopropyltoluene
  • 2-methylcumene
  • 1-isopropyl-2-methylbenzene
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 208-426-0
UNII
Properties
C10H14
Molar mass 134.22
Appearance colorless liquid
Density 0.88 g/cm3
Melting point −71.5 °C (−96.7 °F; 201.7 K)
Boiling point 178 °C (352 °F; 451 K)
23.3 mg/L
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Flammable
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable
Warning
H226
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501
Flash point 50.6 °C (123.1 °F; 323.8 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

o-Cymene is an organic compound classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Its structure consists of a benzene ring ortho-substituted with a methyl group and an isopropyl group. It is a flammable colorless liquid which is nearly insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

Isomers and production

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In addition to o-cymene, there are two other geometric isomers called m-cymene, in which the alkyl groups are meta-substituted, and p-cymene, in which they are para-substituted. p-Cymene is the only isomer found in nature. The three isomers form the group of cymenes.

Cymenes can be produced by alkylation of toluene with propylene.[1][2]

References

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  1. ^ Vora, Bipin V.; Kocal, Joseph A.; Barger, Paul T.; Schmidt, Robert J.; Johnson, James A. (2003). "Alkylation". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0112112508011313.a01.pub2. ISBN 0471238961.
  2. ^ Griesbaum, Karl; Behr, Arno; Biedenkapp, Dieter; Voges, Heinz-Werner; Garbe, Dorothea; Paetz, Christian; Collin, Gerd; Mayer, Dieter; Höke, Hartmut (2002). "Hydrocarbons". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_227. ISBN 978-3527306732.