View source for baca

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "baca"}}
==Aragonese==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|an|la|vacca}}.

===Noun===
{{an-noun/new|f}}

# {{superseded spelling of|an|vaca||[[cow]]}}

==Azerbaijani==

===Etymology 1===
From {{bor|az|fa|باجه}}.

====Noun====
{{az-noun}}

# [[chimney]]
# [[smokehole]] or a hole the ceiling through which air and light can enter a countryside building
# a [[hatchway]] {{q|e.g. leading to a sewer}}
# {{lb|az|Biləsuvar|Təbriz|Yardımlı}} [[window]]
#: {{syn|az|pəncərə}}
# {{lb|az|Culfa}} [[niche]]
#: {{syn|az|taxça}}

===Etymology 2===

====Noun====
{{az-noun}}

# {{lb|az|Balakən}} {{synonym of|az|bacanaq|nocap=1}}

===Declension===
{{az-decl-noun|a}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:az:Obastan}}

==Catalan==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|ca|fr|bâche|t=tarpaulin}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{ca-IPA}}
* {{rhyme|ca|aka|s=2}}
* {{hyph|ca|ba|ca}}
* {{hmp|ca|vaca|qq1=Central Catalan}}

===Noun===
{{ca-noun|f}}

# [[luggage rack]], [[roof rack]] {{q|of a car}}
# {{syn of|ca|lona}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:ca:DCVB}}
* {{R:ca:IEC2}}
* {{R:ca:GDLC}}

==Cia-Cia==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|cia|id|baca}}.

===Verb===
{{head|cia|verb|Hangul spelling|바짜}}

# to [[read]]

==Dalmatian==

===Noun===
{{head|dlm|noun|g=f}}

# {{alternative form of|dlm|vaca}}

==Fijian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|fj|poz-oce-pro|*bayan}} (cognate with {{cog|to|pā}}, {{cog|mi|pā}} and {{cog|haw|pā}}) from {{inh|fj|poz-pro|*bayan|t=bait}}.

===Noun===
{{head|fj|noun}}

# [[bait]] (both of literal fishing sense & metaphorical i.e. [[entice]]ment)

===References===
* {{cite-book|entry=baca|title=Fijian-English Dictionary|first=Ronald|last=Gatty|year=2009|publisher=Ronald Gatty|location=Suva, Fiji|page=10|ISBN=978-982-98047-1-6}}
* {{R:Pollex|paa.3a}}

==Indonesian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|id|ms|baca}}, from {{der|id|sa|वाचा|t=[[speech]], [[word]]}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|id|/ˈba.t͡ʃa/}}
* {{rhymes|id|t͡ʃa|s=2}}
* {{hyph|id|ba|ca}}

===Verb===
{{head|id|verb|active|membaca|passive|dibaca|perfective passive|terbaca}}

# to [[read]]
## {{lb|id|ambitransitive}} to look at and interpret letters or other information that is [[written]]
##: {{ux|id|Pernahkah kamu '''membaca''' buku ini?|Have you '''read''' this book?}}
##: {{ux|id|Dia sedang '''membaca''' di sana.|He is '''reading''' there.}}
## {{lb|id|ambitransitive}} to speak aloud words or other information that is written
##: {{ux|id|Siapa yang mau '''membaca''' bagian ini dengan kuat?|Who wants to '''read''' this passage aloud?}}
## {{lb|id|transitive}} to [[interpret]], or [[infer]] a [[meaning]], [[significance]], [[thought]], [[intention]], etc., from
##: {{ux|id|Aku dapat '''membaca''' pikirannya melalui mukanya.|I can '''read''' his thoughts through his face.}}
## {{lb|id|computing|transitve}} to [[fetch]] [[data]] from (a storage medium, etc.)

====Derived terms====
{{der4|id
| bacaan
| baca-baca
| bacai
| bacakan
| kepembacaan
| keterbacaan
| pembaca
| pembacaan
| terbaca
}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|cia|baca|bor=1}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:KBBI Daring}}

==Interlingua==

===Noun===
{{ia-noun}}

# [[berry]]

==Italian==

===Pronunciation===
{{it-pr|bàca}}

===Verb===
{{head|it|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|it|bacare||3|s|pres|indc|;|2|s|impr}}

==Latin==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|la|bacca}}

===Etymology===
{{unk|la}}. Possibly:
* If from {{der|la|ine-pro|-}}, it may be connected to {{cog|lt|bapkas||berry, laurel}}, which renders a sound-symbolic root {{m|ine-pro||*bab-|t=to be round; small fruit}}, evolving into {{m|la||*bab-ca}} and finally {{m|la||bā̆(c)ca}} (with compensatory lengthening or gemination).<ref>Transactions of the Philological Society, p. 340</ref> This etymology suffers from phonological problems as well as the paucity of cognates, but for the alternation compare the pairs {{m|la|cippus}} : {{m|la|cīpus}} and {{m|la|littera}} : {{m|la|lītera}}.
* Somehow related to {{cog|grc|Βάκχος||Bacchus; twig used as a symbol of Bacchus?}}, which cannot be inherited and may be {{cog|qsb-grc}} or {{der|la|ine-ana}} in origin.
* More likely, from a local {{der|la|qfa-sub}} source perhaps shared with {{cog|ber-pro|*bqā||blackberry, mulberry, shrub berry}}{{attn|ber-pro}}.<ref>{{R:itc:EDL|head=bāca|page=67}}</ref>

===Pronunciation===
* {{la-IPA|bāca}}

===Noun===
{{la-noun|bāca<1>}}

# various [[small]] [[fruit]] of [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s: a [[berry]], [[stone fruit]] (including [[olive]]s, [[cherry|cherries]])
#* {{Q|la|Pliny the Elder|Naturalis historia|16|219|quote=Et hāctenus sint speciēs ac genera pōmōrum: nātūrās artius colligī pār est. alia siliquīs distinguntur, ipsīs dulcibus sēmenque conplexīs amārum, cum in plūribus sēmina placeant, in siliquā damnentur; alia '''bācīs''', quārum intus lignum et extrā carō, ut olīvīs, cerasīs; aliquōrum intus '''bācae''', forīs lignum, ut iīs quae in Aegyptō dīximus gignī. quae '''bācīs''' nātūra, eadem et pōmīs.|trans=}}
# an [[olive]] fruit in particular, an olive-berry
#: {{syn|la|olīva|olea}}
# a [[pearl]]
#: {{syn|la|margarīta|margarītum}}
# a [[coral]] [[bead]] or [[piece]]

====Declension====
{{la-ndecl|bāca<1>}}

====Derived terms====
{{der2|la
|bācifer
|baccalaureus
|tribacca
|quadribaccium
|bacula
|bacciballum
|bācālis
|bācātus
|bacar
|bacriō
}}

====Descendants====
{{top2}}
* {{desc|it|bacca}}
** {{desc|ro|bacă|bor=1}}
* {{desc|fro|baie}}
** {{desc|fr|baie}}
** {{desc|ca|baia|bor=1}}
** {{desc|bor=1|enm|baye|baie}}
*** {{desc|en|bay}} (leaf)
** {{desc|dum|baye|bor=1}}
*** {{desc|nl|bei}}
** {{desc|it|baia|bor=1}}
** {{desc|es|baya|bor=1}}
* West Iberian
** {{desc|ast|baga}}
** {{desc|roa-opt}}
*** {{desc|gl|baga}}
*** {{desc|pt|baga}}
** {{desc|es|baca}}
{{bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Further reading===
* {{R:L&S}}
* {{R:Elementary Lewis}}
* {{R:du Cange}}
* {{R:Gaffiot}}

{{C|la|Fruits}}

==Malay==

===Etymology===
From {{bor|ms|sa|वाचा}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ms|/bat͡ʃə/|a=Johor-Selangor}}
* {{IPA|ms|/bat͡ʃa/|a=Riau-Lingga}}
* {{rhymes|ms|at͡ʃə|t͡ʃə|ə|s3=2}}
* {{audio|ms|Ms-MY-baca.ogg|a=Malaysia,Johor-Selangor}}

===Verb===
{{ms-verb|j=باچ}}

# to [[read]]

====Derived terms====
* {{l|ms|bacaan}}
* {{l|ms|membaca}}
* {{l|ms|membacakan}}
* {{l|ms|pembaca}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|id|baca}}
* {{desc|ceb|basa|bor=1}}
* {{desc|hil|basa|alt=bása|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ilo|basa|alt=bása|bor=1}}
* {{desc|min|baco|bor=1}}
* {{desc|su|ᮘᮎ|bor=1}}
* {{desc|tl|basa|bor=1}}
* {{desc|urk|บาจา|tr=baca|bor=1}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:PRPM}}

==Old English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ang|/ˈbɑkɑ/}}

===Noun===
{{head|ang|noun form}}

# {{infl of|ang|bæc||gen|p}}
# {{infl of|ang|bæċ||gen|p}}

==Polish==
{{wp|lang=pl}}
[[File:Baca z Białego Dunajca - Bolesław Barbacki.jpg|thumb|upright=0.36|baca]]

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|pl|bacza}} {{q|archaic}}

===Etymology===
{{bor+|pl|ro|baci}}, further etymology disputed. Originally {{m|pl|bacza}}, but was changed to the current form due to [[mazurzenie]].

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|a=Pl-baca.ogg}}

===Noun===
{{pl-noun|m-pr}}

# an elder [[shepherd]] from [[Karpaty]]
#: {{hyper|pl|pasterz}}
#: {{cot|pl|juhas}}

====Declension====
{{pl-decl-noun-m-pr|nomp=bacowie}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|pl|title=adjective|bacowski}}
{{col-auto|pl|title=noun|bacówka}}
{{col-auto|pl|title=verb|bacować}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:WSJP}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}

{{C|pl|Male people|Occupations}}

==Romanian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ro|[ˈbaka]}}

===Noun===
{{head|ro|noun form|g=f}}

# {{noun form of|ro|bacă||def|nom//acc|s}}

==Salar==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|slr|trk-pro|*bāča}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|slr|[pɑʝɑ]|a=Jiezi,Gaizi,Xunhua,Qinghai,Ili,Yining,Xinjiang}}

===Noun===
{{slr-noun}}

# [[brother-in-law]]

===References===
* {{R:slr:MaChengjun|page=31}}
* {{R:slr:Stroy|paǰa|page=435}}
* {{R:slr:Yakup|page=53|bɑʝɑ}}

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Noun===
{{head|gd|noun form|g=m}}

# {{inflection of|gd|bac||gen|s}}

==Serbo-Croatian==

===Verb===
{{sh-verb-form}}

# {{inflection of|sh|bacati||3|s|pres}}

==Slavomolisano==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|svm|/bǎːtsḁ/}}

===Noun===
{{head|svm|noun|g=m}}

# [[older brother]]

====Declension====
{{svm-decl-noun|bac|m-a|e|a}}

===References===
* {{R:svm:DCMAC}}

{{C|svm|Male family members}}

==Spanish==

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr|+<hmp:vaca>}}

===Etymology 1===
{{bor+|es|fr|bâche|t=tarpaulin}}.

====Noun====
{{es-noun|f}}

# {{lb|es|Spain}} [[luggage rack]]
#: {{syn|es|portaequipajes|parrilla}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{uder|es|la|bacca}}, variant of {{m|la|bāca}}.

====Noun====
{{es-noun|f}}

# [[laurel]] [[berry]]

===Further reading===
* {{R:es:DRAE}}

==Sundanese==

===Romanization===
{{su-rom}}

# {{romanization of|su|ᮘᮎ}}.

==Ternate==

===Etymology===
From {{der|tft|ms|baca}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|tft|[ˈba.t͡ʃa]}}

===Verb===
{{head|tft|verb}}

# {{lb|tft|transitive}} to [[read]]

====Conjugation====
{{tft-conj}}

===References===
* {{R:tft:Hayami-Allen:2001}}

==Turkish==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|tr|ota|باجه}}, borrowed from {{der|tr|fa|باجه|tr=bâje}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|tr|/badʒa/}}

===Noun===
{{tr-noun|yı|lar}}

# [[chimney]]

====Declension====
{{tr-infl-noun-v|a|poss=1}}