rood

See also: Rööd

English

Etymology

From Middle English rode, rood (“cross”), from Old English rōd (“cross”), from Proto-Germanic *rōdō, *rōdǭ (“rod, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *rōt-, *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”).

Cognate with German Rute (“rod, cane, pole”), Norwegian roda (“rod”). Largely displaced by cross. More at rod.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹuːd/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -uːd
• Homophone: rude

Noun

rood (plural roods)

1. (archaic) A crucifix, cross, especially in a church.
   • 1577, Raphaell Holinshed, “[The Historie of Irelande […].] The Thirde Booke of the Historie of Ireland, Comprising the Raigne of Henry the Eyght: [...].”, in The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume I, London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Iohn Hunne, →OCLC, pages 77–78, column 2:

     The Citizens in their rage, imagining that euery poſt in the Churche had bin one of y^e Souldyers, ſhot habbe or nabbe at randon^{[sic – meaning random]} uppe to the Roode lofte, and to the Chancell, leauing ſome of theyr arrowes ſticking in the Images.

   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:

     Have you forgot me? No, by the rood, not so.

   • 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “The Day-Dream. The Revival.”, in Poems. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 157:

     By holy rood, a royal beard! / How say you? we have slept, my lords. / My beard has grown into my lap.

2. A measure of land area, equal to a quarter of an acre.
   • 1855, Robert Browning, “‘Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came.’”, in Men and Women […], volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, stanza XXV:

     Next a marsh, it would seem, and now mere earth / Desperate and done with; (so a fool finds mirth, / Makes a thing and then mars it, till his mood / Changes and off he goes!) within a rood— / Bog, clay and rubble, sand and stark black dearth.

   • 1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter V, in Capricornia‎^[1], page 58:

     […] a bumptious fool whose god was property, not property in vast estates such as a true man might worship, but in paltry roods.

   • 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 195:

     Perhaps, however, he could ensure against being completely alone by cultivating the few roods of garden wished upon him.

3. (Chester, historical) An area of sixty-four square yards.
4. (UK, dialectal, obsolete) A measure of five and a half yards in length.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Thus Satan […] his other parts besides / Prone on the flood, extended long and large, / Lay floating many a rood […]

5. (archaic) The human face.
   • 13th century, Edmund of Abingdon (or Anonymous); reproduced in Carleton Fairchild Brown (ed.), English Lyrics of the XIIIth Century (1932), p. 1, from Bodl. MS. Arch. Selden 74, f.55v:

     Nou goth sonne under wode,—
     Me reweth, Marie, thi faire Rode.
     Nou goth sonne under tre,—
     Me reweth, Marie, thi sone and the.

Synonyms

• (quarter of an acre): farthingdale, day's work, daywork, farthing, ferling, farthingdeal, farthingdole, farundel, yard, rod, (Scottish) Scottish rood, (Israeli) dunam

Hypernyms

• (quarter of an acre): See acre

Hyponyms

• (quarter of an acre): lug, perch, (now chiefly Scottish) fall (all ¹⁄₄₀ rood)

Derived terms

• by the rood
• holy rood
• rood beam
• Rood End
• rood goose
• rood-loft
• rood screen
• rood-steeple
• rood-tree

 

Translations

crucifix

• Dutch: kruis (nl) n
• Finnish: krusifiksi (fi)
• Macedonian: распе́тие n (raspétie)
• Vietnamese: Thánh Giá

quarter of an acre

• French: vergée (fr) f
• Irish: ród m
• Maori: rūri
• Norman: pèrque f (Jersey)

Anagrams

• ordo, O'Dor, door, oord, odor

Bavarian

Adjective

rood

1. Alternative form of roud (“red”)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch rôot, from Old Dutch rōt, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /roːt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: rood
• Rhymes: -oːt
• Homophone: Rooth

Adjective

rood (comparative roder, superlative roodst)

1. red

   Veel dakpannen zijn rood. ― A lot of roof tiles are red.

   Zij draagt een rood jurkje. ― She wears a red dress.

   Appels zijn vaak rood. ― Apples are often red.

2. (politics) left, socialist, labor

   De rode partij heeft de verkiezingen gewonnen. ― The leftist party won the elections.

   Hij stemt altijd rood. ― He always votes left.

   De rode beweging is in opkomst. ― The socialist movement is on the rise.

Declension

Declension of rood
uninflected	rood
inflected	rode
comparative	roder
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		rood	roder	het roodst het roodste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	rode	rodere	roodste
	n. sing.	rood	roder	roodste
	plural	rode	rodere	roodste
definite		rode	rodere	roodste
partitive		roods	roders	—

Derived terms

general

• avondrood
• bloedrood
• bordeauxrood
• donkerrood
• infrarood
• kardinaalrood
• karmijnrood
• karmozijnrood
• kersrood
• knalrood
• koraalrood
• lichtrood
• morgenrood
• oranjerood
• paarsrood
• robijnrood
• rode draad
• rode fosfor
• rode lynx
• rodehond
• rodekool
• roodaarde
• roodachtig
• roodbaard
• roodblaar
• roodbont
• roodbruin
• roodfilter
• roodgeel
• roodgieter
• roodgloeiend
• roodharig
• roodheid
• roodhuid
• Roodkapje
• roodkoper
• roodkoraal
• roodkorst
• roodvonk
• roodwangig
• roodwild
• rooie cent
• rozenrood
• rozerood
• schaamrood
• scharlakenrood
• vuurrood
• wijnrood

 

plant and animal names

• rode bremraap
• rode haarkwal
• rode ibis
• rode klaver
• rode lepelaar
• rode reiger
• rode spoorbloem
• rode tiran
• rode valeriaan
• rode wouw
• rood bekermos
• rood bosvogeltje
• roodbaars
• roodbekwever
• roodborst
• roodborsttapuit
• roodbuikara
• roodforel
• roodgesterde blauwborst
• roodhalsfuut
• roodhalsgans
• roodhert
• roodkeelduiker
• roodkeelpieper
• roodkop
• roodkopklauwier
• roodmus
• roodpootaalscholver
• roodpootvalk
• roodrugpelikaan
• roodschouderara
• roodstaartraafkaketoe
• roodsterblauwborst
• roodstuitzwaluw
• roodwangara

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: rooi
• Jersey Dutch: rôi
• Negerhollands: rooi, ro, roo, rood
• Skepi Creole Dutch: aro

See also

Colors in Dutch · kleuren (layout · text)

wit	grijs	zwart
rood; karmijnrood	oranje; bruin	geel; roomwit
groengeel/limoengroen	groen
blauwgroen/cyaan; groenblauw/petrolblauw	azuurblauw	blauw
violet; indigo	magenta; paars	roze

Anagrams

• door, oord

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian rād, from Proto-West Germanic *raud. Cognates include West Frisian read and German Rot.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /roːd/
• Hyphenation: rood
• Rhymes: -oːd

Adjective

rood (masculine roden, feminine, plural or definite rode, comparative roder, superlative roodst)

1. red

Derived terms

• rood Täk

 

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015) “rood”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Volapük

Noun

rood (nominative plural roods)

1. category

Declension

declension of rood

	singular	plural
nominative	rood	roods
genitive	rooda	roodas
dative	roode	roodes
accusative	roodi	roodis
vocative 1	o rood!	o roods!
predicative 2	roodu	roodus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only