سلق

See also: سلف, and شلق

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
س ل ق (s l q)
4 terms

Cognate with Aramaic שְׁלַק / ܫܠܰܩ (‍šlaq, “to boil”), whereas Ge'ez ተሳለቀ (täsaläḳä, “to scoff at”) is unrelated but the source of the Qurʾānic use for verbal “bashing” and related by metathesis to the Ugaritic 𐎖𐎍𐎕 (qlṣ, “to scorn”), Hebrew קִלֵּס (qilles, “to mock”), dialectal Arabic قَلَّسَ (qallasa, “to mock”).

Verb

سَلَقَ • (salaqa) I (non-past يَسْلُقُ (yasluqu), verbal noun سَلْق (salq))

1. to thrust, to prostrate, to pierce, to push, to repel
2. to hurt, to gall, to flay, to lash, to assault
   1. to hurt verbally, to taunt
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 33:19:

        فَإِذَا جَاءَ الْخَوْفُ رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ تَدُورُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ كَالَّذِي يُغْشَىٰ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَوْت فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الْخَوْفُ سَلَقُوكُم بِأَلْسِنَةٍ حِدَادٍ

        faʔiḏā jāʔa l-ḵawfu raʔaytahum yanẓurūna ʔilayka tadūru ʔaʕyunuhum kāllaḏī yuḡšā ʕalayhi mina l-mawt faʔiḏā ḏahaba l-ḵawfu salaqūkum biʔalsinatin ḥidādin

        And when fear comes, you see them looking at you, their eyes revolving of he who to whom death comes. But when fear departs, they lash you with sharp tongues

3. to boil without adding any seasoning
4. to remove animal's feathers (by boiling it)
5. to enkindle, to ignite
6. to climb (a wall, etc)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of سَلَقَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun سَلْق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						سَلْق salq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَالِق sāliq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْلُوق maslūq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَلَقْتُ salaqtu	سَلَقْتَ salaqta	سَلَقَ salaqa		سَلَقْتُمَا salaqtumā	سَلَقَا salaqā		سَلَقْنَا salaqnā	سَلَقْتُمْ salaqtum	سَلَقُوا salaqū
	f		سَلَقْتِ salaqti	سَلَقَتْ salaqat			سَلَقَتَا salaqatā			سَلَقْتُنَّ salaqtunna	سَلَقْنَ salaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسْلُقُ ʔasluqu	تَسْلُقُ tasluqu	يَسْلُقُ yasluqu		تَسْلُقَانِ tasluqāni	يَسْلُقَانِ yasluqāni		نَسْلُقُ nasluqu	تَسْلُقُونَ tasluqūna	يَسْلُقُونَ yasluqūna
	f		تَسْلُقِينَ tasluqīna	تَسْلُقُ tasluqu			تَسْلُقَانِ tasluqāni			تَسْلُقْنَ tasluqna	يَسْلُقْنَ yasluqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْلُقَ ʔasluqa	تَسْلُقَ tasluqa	يَسْلُقَ yasluqa		تَسْلُقَا tasluqā	يَسْلُقَا yasluqā		نَسْلُقَ nasluqa	تَسْلُقُوا tasluqū	يَسْلُقُوا yasluqū
	f		تَسْلُقِي tasluqī	تَسْلُقَ tasluqa			تَسْلُقَا tasluqā			تَسْلُقْنَ tasluqna	يَسْلُقْنَ yasluqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْلُقْ ʔasluq	تَسْلُقْ tasluq	يَسْلُقْ yasluq		تَسْلُقَا tasluqā	يَسْلُقَا yasluqā		نَسْلُقْ nasluq	تَسْلُقُوا tasluqū	يَسْلُقُوا yasluqū
	f		تَسْلُقِي tasluqī	تَسْلُقْ tasluq			تَسْلُقَا tasluqā			تَسْلُقْنَ tasluqna	يَسْلُقْنَ yasluqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُسْلُقْ usluq			اُسْلُقَا usluqā				اُسْلُقُوا usluqū
	f		اُسْلُقِي usluqī							اُسْلُقْنَ usluqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُلِقْتُ suliqtu	سُلِقْتَ suliqta	سُلِقَ suliqa		سُلِقْتُمَا suliqtumā	سُلِقَا suliqā		سُلِقْنَا suliqnā	سُلِقْتُمْ suliqtum	سُلِقُوا suliqū
	f		سُلِقْتِ suliqti	سُلِقَتْ suliqat			سُلِقَتَا suliqatā			سُلِقْتُنَّ suliqtunna	سُلِقْنَ suliqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسْلَقُ ʔuslaqu	تُسْلَقُ tuslaqu	يُسْلَقُ yuslaqu		تُسْلَقَانِ tuslaqāni	يُسْلَقَانِ yuslaqāni		نُسْلَقُ nuslaqu	تُسْلَقُونَ tuslaqūna	يُسْلَقُونَ yuslaqūna
	f		تُسْلَقِينَ tuslaqīna	تُسْلَقُ tuslaqu			تُسْلَقَانِ tuslaqāni			تُسْلَقْنَ tuslaqna	يُسْلَقْنَ yuslaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسْلَقَ ʔuslaqa	تُسْلَقَ tuslaqa	يُسْلَقَ yuslaqa		تُسْلَقَا tuslaqā	يُسْلَقَا yuslaqā		نُسْلَقَ nuslaqa	تُسْلَقُوا tuslaqū	يُسْلَقُوا yuslaqū
	f		تُسْلَقِي tuslaqī	تُسْلَقَ tuslaqa			تُسْلَقَا tuslaqā			تُسْلَقْنَ tuslaqna	يُسْلَقْنَ yuslaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسْلَقْ ʔuslaq	تُسْلَقْ tuslaq	يُسْلَقْ yuslaq		تُسْلَقَا tuslaqā	يُسْلَقَا yuslaqā		نُسْلَقْ nuslaq	تُسْلَقُوا tuslaqū	يُسْلَقُوا yuslaqū
	f		تُسْلَقِي tuslaqī	تُسْلَقْ tuslaq			تُسْلَقَا tuslaqā			تُسْلَقْنَ tuslaqna	يُسْلَقْنَ yuslaqna

Noun

سَلْق • (salq) m

1. verbal noun of سَلَقَ (salaqa) (form I)
   • a. 1222, نَجِيب الدِّين السَّمَرْقَنْدِيّ, edited by Juliane Müller, كِتَاب الْأَغْذِيَة وَٱلْأَشْرِبَة (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 101)‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, published 2017, →ISBN, page 166:

     وأمّا الغَوشَنة فهي قريبة من الكمأة باردة رطبة وهي أقلّ بردًا وأصلح، وفيها بورقية وملوحة تفارقها عند السلق ويصلحها السلق. وليس له من الغلظ واللزوجة ورداءة الخلط ما الكمأة وهي تؤكل بالحموضات ولَذَّته كلَذَّة الغضاريف.

     In what bespeaks the morel, it is near truffles, cold and wet, and in it less cold and more healthy, and it has a basicity and acidity that parts it on seething, so seething betters it. And it hasn’t the coarseness and stickiness and badness for the humour which a truffle has and it is eaten with sour things and its sensory delectability is like the sensory delectability of cartilage.

Declension

Declension of noun سَلْق (salq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلْق salq	السَّلْق as-salq	سَلْق salq
Nominative	سَلْقٌ salqun	السَّلْقُ as-salqu	سَلْقُ salqu
Accusative	سَلْقًا salqan	السَّلْقَ as-salqa	سَلْقَ salqa
Genitive	سَلْقٍ salqin	السَّلْقِ as-salqi	سَلْقِ salqi

Etymology 2

From Classical Syriac ܣܠܩܐ (silqā, selqā), from Aramaic סילקא, ultimately from Ancient Greek σικελικόν (sikelikón, literally “the Sicilian one”); cognate with Neo-Babylonian 𒌑𒋛𒅋𒋡 (/⁠silqu⁠/) itself a loan word from Aramaic, also a doublet of شَلْجَم (šaljam) through an Iranian loan.

Noun

سِلْق • (silq) m

1. chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)

   Hypernyms: بَنْجَر (banjar), شَمَنْدَر (šamandar)

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْق (silq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْق silq	السِّلْق as-silq	سِلْق silq
Nominative	سِلْقٌ silqun	السِّلْقُ as-silqu	سِلْقُ silqu
Accusative	سِلْقًا silqan	السِّلْقَ as-silqa	سِلْقَ silqa
Genitive	سِلْقٍ silqin	السِّلْقِ as-silqi	سِلْقِ silqi

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: սիլխ (silx)
• Kurdish:

  → Northern Kurdish: silq, silk

  → Central Kurdish: سڵق (sillq)

  → Southern Kurdish: سڵق (sillq), زڵق (zillq)

• Spanish: acelga
• Portuguese: acelga
• Galician: acelga

References

• “سلق” in Almaany
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 143
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “سلق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 344
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سلق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1409–1410
• Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎^[4] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 346–352
• Margoliouth, David Samuel (1939) “Some Additions to Professor Jeffery’s Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾan”, in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, number 1, →DOI, pages 60–61
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سلق”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 589
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 58

Hijazi Arabic

Root
س ل ق
3 terms

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /sa.laɡ/

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَلَقَ (salaqa).

Verb

سلق • (salag) I (non-past يِسْلُق (yislug))

1. to boil (something solid)

   Synonyms: (liquid) غلى (ḡala), فَوَّر (fawwar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of سلق (salag)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سلقت (salagt)	سلقت (salagt)	سلق (salag)		سلقنا (salagna)	سلقتوا (salagtu)	سلقوا (salagu)
	f		سلقتي (salagti)	سلقت (salagat)
non-past	m	أسلق (ʔaslug)	تسلق (tislug)	يسلق (yislug)		نسلق (nislug)	تسلقوا (tislugu)	يسلقوا (yislugu)
	f		تسلقي (tislugi)	تسلق (tislug)
imperative	m		اسلق (aslug)				اسلقوا (aslugu)
	f		اسلقي (aslugi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَلَق (salaq).

Noun

سلق • (salag) m (collective, singulative سُلُوقي f (sulūgi))

1. (collective) Saluki

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /salɡ/

Etymology

From Arabic سَلْق (salq).

Noun

سَلْق • (salg) m

1. boiling

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ل ق
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic سَلَقَ (salaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.laʔ/, [ˈsa.laʔ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

سلق • (salaʔ) I (present بسلق (bosloʔ))

1. to boil (something solid)

   Synonyms: (liquid) غلى (ḡala), فوّر (fawwar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of سلق (salaʔ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سلقت (salaʔt)	سلقت (salaʔt)	سلق (salaʔ)		سلقنا (salaʔna)	سلقتو (salaʔtu)	سلقو (salaʔu)
	f		سلقتي (salaʔti)	سلقت (salʔat)
present	m	بسلق (basloʔ)	بتسلق (btosloʔ)	بسلق (bosloʔ)		منسلق (mnosloʔ)	بتسلقو (btosloʔu)	بسلقو (bosloʔu)
	f		بتسلقي (btosloʔi)	بتسلق (btosloʔ)
subjunctive	m	أسلق (ʔasloʔ)	تسلق (tosloʔ)	يسلق (yosloʔ)		نسلق (nosloʔ)	تسلقو (tosloʔu)	يسلقو (yosloʔu)
	f		تسلقي (tosloʔi)	تسلق (tosloʔ)
imperative	m		اسلق (osloʔ)				اسلقو (osloʔu)
	f		اسلقي (osloʔi)