چم

See also: جم, خم, and حم

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma (“eye”).

Noun

چم • (camm)

1. eye

Derived terms

• چمگ (cammag)

See also

• چھم (cham)
• تیلگ

Gojri

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫 (camma), from Sanskrit चर्म (cárma).

Noun

چَم (cam) m

1. skin, leather, hide, coat, peel, rind

Related terms

• چَمْڑو (camṛo)
• چَمْڑِی (camṛī)

Further reading

• Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 187.
• Javaid Rahi (2015) “چَمْ”, in گوجری ڈکشنری (in Gojri), page 419, column 2.

Gulf Arabic

Alternative forms

• جم

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃəm/

Etymology 1

From Arabic كَمْ (kam).

Determiner

چم • (čam)

1. how many

Related terms

• شكثر (škiṯir, “how much”)

Etymology 2

From Arabic كُمّ (kumm).

Noun

چم • (čam) m (dual چمين (čammēn), plural چموم (čmūm))

1. sleeve

Usage notes

Usually only used in the plural except when the two needs to be emphasized, e.g. نزل چمومك (“lower your [two] sleeves”). Compare similar usage with عين (ʕēn, “eye”).

Laki

Noun

چم (çim)

1. eye

Mazanderani

Noun

چم (čam)

1. mood

   منه چم نیه ― mene čam niye ― I'm not in the mood

Persian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?] (cym /⁠čim⁠/, “reason, cause, purpose, meaning”). Compare Gilaki چم (čem, “mood, meaning, atmosphere”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃam]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰäm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰäm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰäm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰäm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰæm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰäm]

Readings
Classical reading?	čam
Dari reading?	čam
Iranian reading?	čam
Tajik reading?	čam

Noun

Dari	چم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	чам

چم • (čem, čam) (plural چم‌ها (čem-hâ, čam-hâ))

1. meaning, sense

   Synonym: معنی (ma'ni)

Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of چم (čam) (Iranian Persian)
Basic forms of چم (čam) singular plural bare چم (čam) چم‌ها (čam-hấ) چما △ (čamấ) definitive direct object چم را (čam râ) چم رو △ (čamo) چم‌ها را (čam-hấ râ) چما رو △ (čamấ ro) ezâfe چم (čam-e) چم‌های (čam-hấ-ye) چمای △ (čamấ-ye) marked indefinite or relative definite چمی (čam-i) چم‌هایی (čamấn-i, čam-hấ-i) چمایی △ (čamấi) △ Colloquial.

References

Mackenzie, D. N. (1971) A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. p. 22. Retrieved December 15, 2022.

Etymology 2

From Classical Persian چَشْم (čašm), see there for more.

Alternative forms

• چیم (čīm)

Pronunciation

• • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰim]

Readings
Dari reading?	čim

Noun

چم • (čim) (Hazaragi)

1. Colloquial Hazaragi form of چشم (čašm)

References

• Malistani, Tariq (1993) “چم”, in فرهنگ ابتدائی ملی هزاره‎^[1] (PDF), SIL International

Talysh

Noun

چم (cam)

1. eye

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čárma, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kérmn̥.

Noun

چم (čam)

1. skin

Western Cham

Proper noun

چم (transliteration needed)

1. Jawi spelling of Cam