吠

吠 U+5420, 吠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5420 ← 吟 [U+541F] CJK Unified Ideographs 吡 → [U+5421]

Translingual

Han character

吠 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口戈大 (RIK), four-corner 6303₄, composition ⿰口犬)

Derived characters

• 𦜀

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3331
• Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 587, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5420

Chinese

simp. and trad.		吠
alternative forms		𠲎

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 犬 (“dog”) – to bark.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baus (“to bark”); cognate to Mizo bauh (“to bark”) (Schuessler, 2007, 2024). Ultimately onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fèi (fei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fei⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fai⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fei⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phoi

  (Hailu, HRS): poi^˖

  (Meixian, Guangdong): poi⁴

• Northern Min (KCR): bṳ̄
• Eastern Min (BUC): bôi / hiê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pūi / pǔi / hūi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bui⁷

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): bui¹ / bhing⁷ / kieng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fi
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
    • Wade–Giles: fei⁴
    • Yale: fèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
    • Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fei⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fei
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fai⁶
    • Yale: faih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fei⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: poi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: poi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: poi^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoi³³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: poi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoɪ⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /py⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bôi / hiê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui²⁴²/, /hiɛ²⁴²/

Note:

• bôi - vernacular;
• hiê - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pūi
    • Tâi-lô: puī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pui
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /pui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /pui³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /pui²²/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǔi
    • Tâi-lô: puǐ
    • IPA (Lukang): /pui³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūi
    • Tâi-lô: huī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hui
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hui³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hui²²/

Note:

• pūi/pǔi - vernacular;
• hūi - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: bui⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pūi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui¹¹/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: bui¹ / bhing⁷ / kieng²
  • Sinological IPA: /pui³⁵/, /biŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰieŋ³¹/

Note:

• bui1 - vernacular;
• bhing7/kieng2 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵fi
    • MiniDict: fi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fi³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸe̞i̯⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjojH

Rime
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符廢切
Baxter	bjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐiH/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐiH/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buajH/
Li Rong	/biuɐiH/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.bo[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*bods/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèi
Middle Chinese	‹ bjojH ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.bo[t]-s/
English	bark (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
No.	3127
Phonetic component	吠
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	吠
Old Chinese	/*bods/

Definitions

吠

1. (of a dog) to bark

   • 鷄鳴狗吠相聞，而達乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     鸡鸣狗吠相闻，而达乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jī míng gǒu fèi xiāng wén, ér dá hū sìjìng. [Pinyin]

     Cocks crow and dogs bark to one another, all the way to the four borders of the State.

   • 2008, “阿比仔的心事”, in 林文修 (lyrics), 曹俊鴻 (music), 戀情海, performed by 詹雅雯:

     天袜光　狗袜吠　趕緊出門來做工 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     天袜光　狗袜吠　赶紧出门来做工 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     thiⁿ bōe kng, káu bōe pūi, kóaⁿ-kín chhut-mn̂g lâi chòe-kang [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Dawn hasn't broken, the dogs haven't barked, they rush out to work

2. (Cantonese) to talk nonsense

Compounds

• 一吠百聲／一吠百声
• 吠厖
• 吠嗥
• 吠堯／吠尧
• 吠奢
• 吠尨
• 吠形
• 吠形吠聲／吠形吠声
• 吠影吠聲／吠影吠声
• 吠日
• 吠犬
• 吠狗
• 吠聲／吠声
• 吠舍 (fèishè)
• 吠蛤
• 吠陀 (fèituó)
• 吠雪
• 吠非其主
• 啅吠
• 嗥吠
• 夜珠吠陀
• 桀犬吠堯／桀犬吠尧
• 犬不夜吠
• 犬吠
• 犬吠之盜／犬吠之盗
• 犬吠之警
• 狂吠 (kuángfèi)
• 狗吠 (gǒufèi)
• 狗吠之警
• 狗吠之驚／狗吠之惊
• 狗吠非主
• 狺吠
• 眾犬吠聲／众犬吠声
• 粵犬吠雪／粤犬吠雪
• 蛙吠
• 蛙鳴狗吠／蛙鸣狗吠
• 蜀犬吠日 (shǔquǎnfèirì)
• 越犬吠雪
• 跖犬吠堯／跖犬吠尧
• 跖狗吠堯／跖狗吠尧
• 蹠狗吠堯／蹠狗吠尧
• 迎吠
• 逐影吠聲／逐影吠声
• 邑犬群吠
• 阿吠斯陀
• 附聲吠影／附声吠影
• 隨聲吠影／随声吠影
• 雞鳴犬吠／鸡鸣犬吠
• 雞鳴狗吠／鸡鸣狗吠
• 驢鳴犬吠／驴鸣犬吠
• 驢鳴狗吠／驴鸣狗吠
• 鳴吠／鸣吠
• 鳴吠客／鸣吠客
• 黎俱吠陀

 

References

• (Min Nan) “Entry #2957”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

吠

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. Bark; howl.

Readings

• Go-on: ばい (bai)、お (o)
• Kan-on: はい (hai)
• Kun: ほえる (hoeru, 吠える)、ほえる (hoeru, 吠る)

Compounds

Compounds

• 狗(く)吠(はい) (kuhai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof
• 犬(けん)吠(ばい) (kenbai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof

Korean

Hanja

吠 (eum 폐 (pye))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

吠: Hán Nôm readings: phệ, phịa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation