寢

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See also: 寝
寢 U+5BE2, 寢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE2
← 寡
[U+5BE1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寣 →
[U+5BE3]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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寢 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十女一水 (JVME), four-corner 30247, composition ⿱宀⿰爿𠬶 or ⿱宀𭷆)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 290, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7289
  • Dae Jaweon: page 575, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 951, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5BE2

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 寢
simp. 寝
alternative forms
㝲
寑／寝
𡫒
𡩠
𡨦
㝲
寑／寝
𡫒
𡩠
𡨦
𡨞
 

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (侵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鋟 *ʔsem, *sʰem, *sʰimʔ
綅 *sem, *ʔsim, *sʰim
祲 *ʔsim, *ʔsims
埐 *ʔsim, *zim
梫 *ʔsim, *sʰimʔ, *sʰrim
濅 *ʔsimʔ, *ʔsims
浸 *ʔsims, *sʰim
侵 *sʰim
駸 *sʰim, *sʰrim
寢 *sʰimʔ
寑 *sʰimʔ
薓 *srim

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰimʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + semantic 爿 (“bed”) + phonetic 𠬶 (“broom and hand”).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-(d)z(i/u)m (“sleep”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan གཟིམ (gzim, “to sleep; to fall asleep”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 寢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 七稔切
Baxter tshimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰimX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰjemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰimX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰiəmX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰĭĕmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qǐn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cam2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 寢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qǐn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshimX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]imʔ/
English sleep

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 寢
Reading # 1/1
No. 10488
Phonetic
component 		侵
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		寑
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰimʔ/
Notes 注：經典同寑

Definitions

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寢

  1. to sleep
  2. (literary) to lie down
  3. bedroom
  4. (literary) to stop; to halt
  5. (historical) imperial tomb; ancestral chamber
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 睡覺 (“to sleep”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 臥, 寐, 寢, 眠, 睡, 就寢, 寢息
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 睡覺, 睡眠, 就寢
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 睡覺, 睡, 歇覺
Taiwan 睡覺, 睡
Ulanhot 睡覺
Tongliao 睡覺
Chifeng 睡覺
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 睡覺
Malaysia 睡覺, 睡
Singapore 睡覺, 睡
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 睡覺
Jilu Mandarin Weifang (Weicheng) 睏覺
Weifang (Fangzi) 睏覺
Changle 睏覺
Shouguang 睏覺
Wulian 睏覺
Jinan 睡覺
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 睡覺, 睡
Weifang (Hanting) 睏覺
Changyi 睏覺
Gaomi 睏覺
Zhucheng 睏覺
Anqiu 睏覺
Linqu 睏覺
Qingzhou 睏覺
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 睡
Xi'an 睡覺, 睡
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 睡
Lanyin Mandarin Bayanhot 睡覺
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 睡瞌睡
Wuhan 睡瞌睡, 睡
Guiyang 睡瞌睡
Guilin 睡覺
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 睡覺, 睡
Yangzhou 睡覺, 上蘇州 slang
Nantong 睏
Hefei 睡覺
Cantonese Guangzhou 瞓覺, 瞓, 見周公 humorous, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish, 瞓記
Hong Kong 瞓覺, 瞓, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish, 瞓覺覺 childish, 豬豬 childish
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 瞓覺
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 瞓覺
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 睡目
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 瞓覺
Macau 瞓覺
Guangzhou (Panyu) 瞓覺
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 瞓
Guangzhou (Conghua) 瞓覺
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 瞓, 睡
Foshan 瞓覺
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 瞓覺
Foshan (Shunde) 瞓覺
Foshan (Sanshui) 瞓覺
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 瞓覺
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 瞇覺
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 瞓覺
Zhuhai (Doumen) 瞓覺
Jiangmen (Baisha) 瞓覺
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 瞓覺
Taishan 瞓覺, 瞓
Kaiping (Chikan) 瞓覺
Enping (Niujiang) 瞓覺
Heshan (Yayao) 瞓覺
Dongguan 瞓覺
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 瞓覺
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 瞓覺
Yangjiang 瞓覺, 瞓
Zhanjiang 瞓覺, 曬鋪
Nanning 睡覺
Hepu (Lianzhou) 睡覺
Hepu (Shatian) 睡覺, 瞓覺
Beihai 睡覺
Beihai (Nankang) 睡覺
Beihai (Yingpan) 睡覺
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 睡覺
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 瞓覺
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 睡覺
Danzhou 閉眼
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 閉眼
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 瞓覺
Singapore (Guangfu) 瞓覺, 瞓
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 瞓覺
Móng Cái 睡覺
Gan Nanchang 睏覺, 睏
Lichuan 睏覺, 睏
Pingxiang 睏覺, 睏
Hakka Meixian 睡目, 睡
Xingning 睡目
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 瞓覺
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 瞓覺
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 瞓覺
Huiyang 睡目, 睡
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 瞓覺
Huidong (Daling) 睡目
Dongguan (Qingxi) 睡目, 睡覺
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 睡目
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 瞓
Boluo (Bendihua) 瞓覺
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 睡目
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 睡目
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 睡目
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 睡目
Wuhua (Changbu) 睡目
Wuhua (Mianyang) 睡目
Heyuan (Bendihua) 瞓覺
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 瞓覺
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 瞓, 瞓覺
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 瞓覺
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 瞓覺
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 瞓覺
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 睡覺
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 睡覺
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 睡
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 睡覺
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 睡眼
Liannan 睡目
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 睡眼
Jiexi 睡目
Changting 睡目
Wuping 睡目
Wuping (Pingyu) 睡目
Liancheng 睡目
Ninghua 歇
Yudu 歇眼, 打席
Ruijin 歇眼
Shicheng 歇, 睡
Shangyou (Shexi) 歇覺
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 睡目
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 睡目
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 睡目
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 睡目, 睡
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 睡目, 睡
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 睡目, 睡
Hong Kong 睡目
Luchuan 睡覺
Sabah (Longchuan) 睡目
Senai (Huiyang) 睡目
Kuching (Hepo) 睡目
Singkawang 睡目
Singapore (Dabu) 睡目
Bangkok (Meixian) 睡目
Huizhou Jixi 睏覺, 睏
Shexian 睡
Huangshan (Tunxi) 睏
Xiuning 睏
Yixian 睏
Qimen 睏
Wuyuan 睏
Jin Taiyuan 睡覺, 睡
Taibus (Baochang) 睡覺
Linhe 睡覺
Jining 睡覺
Baotou 睡覺
Dongsheng 睡覺
Haibowan 睡覺
Northern Min Jian'ou 目䁒
Jian'ou (Dikou) 目䁒
Songxi 目䁒
Zhenghe 目䁒
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 眠䁒
Jianyang 目䁒
Wuyishan 目䁒
Pucheng (Shibei) 瞌眠
Eastern Min Fuzhou 睏, 睏眠
Fuzhou (Changle) 睏
Fuqing 睏
Yongtai 睏
Gutian 睏
Fu'an 睏
Ningde 睏
Shouning 睏
Zhouning 睏
Fuding 睏
Matsu 睏
Sitiawan (Gutian) 睏眠
Southern Min Xiamen 睏
Xiamen (Tong'an) 睏
Quanzhou 睏
Shishi 睏
Anxi 睏
Zhangzhou 睏
Pinghe 睏
Zhao'an 睏
Dongshan 睏
Taipei 睏
New Taipei (Sanxia) 睏
Kaohsiung 睏
Yilan 睏
Changhua (Lukang) 睏
Taichung 睏
Taichung (Wuqi) 睏
Tainan 睏
Taitung 睏
Hsinchu 睏
Kinmen 睏
Penghu (Magong) 睏
Penang (Hokkien) 睏
Singapore (Hokkien) 睏
Manila (Hokkien) 睏
Medan (Hokkien) 睏
Zhangping 睏
Datian 睏
Pingnan (Shangdu) 睏覺
Chaozhou 夗
Shantou 夗
Shantou (Chenghai) 夗
Shantou (Chaoyang) 夗
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 夗
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 睏
Jieyang 夗, 死瞌
Puning 夗
Haifeng 睏, 夗
Bangkok (Teochew) 夗
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 夗
Singapore (Teochew) 夗
Leizhou 瞌, 瞌覺, 睏, 歇
Wenchang 瞌, 偃瞌
Haikou 瞌, 偃瞌
Qionghai 瞌, 偃瞌
Singapore (Hainanese) 瞌
Puxian Min Putian 睏
Xianyou 睏
Central Min Yong'an 倒眠
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 瞇
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 瞇, 瞇覺
Shehua Fu'an 眠
Fuding 眠
Luoyuan 眠
Shunchang 眠
Cangnan 眠
Jingning (Hexi) 眠
Wu Shanghai 睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang
Shanghai (Chongming) 睏
Suzhou 睏覺, 睏, 到崑山去 slang
Wuxi 睏覺
Danyang 睏覺, 睏
Hangzhou 睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 睏覺, 睏
Ningbo 睏覺, 睏
Wenzhou 睏
Jinhua 睏褥, 睏
Xiang Changsha 睏覺, 睏, 睡覺
Loudi 睏覺, 睏
Shuangfeng 睏眼閉, 睏覺
Quanzhou 睡覺
Dialectal synonyms of 躺 (“to lie; to recline”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 寢, 臥
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 躺, 臥, 躺臥
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 躺, 歪
Taiwan 躺
Singapore 躺
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 躺
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 睡, 躺
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 躺, 睡
Wuhan 睡
Guilin 躺
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 躺, 睡
Hefei 睡, 躺
Cantonese Guangzhou 瞓
Hong Kong 瞓
Taishan 眠
Kaiping (Chikan) 眠
Yangjiang 睡
Singapore (Guangfu) 瞓
Gan Nanchang 睏
Hakka Meixian 眠, 抗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 睡
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 眠
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 睡
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 睡
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 睡
Jin Taiyuan 躺, 睡
Northern Min Jian'ou 倒
Eastern Min Fuzhou 倒
Southern Min Xiamen 倒
Quanzhou 倒
Zhangzhou 倒
Penang (Hokkien) 倒
Singapore (Hokkien) 倒
Chaozhou 倒
Shantou 夗
Jieyang 夗
Wu Suzhou 睏
Wenzhou 翻, 倒
Xiang Changsha 睏
Shuangfeng 睏

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad. 寢
simp. 寝
alternative forms 纔／才
𡨞
侵

Compare 這馬／这马 (chit-má, chím-má, chím-á).[1]

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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寢

  1. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to approach; to draw near; to imminently occur
    寢年／寝年 [Hokkien]  ―  chhím nî [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to approach the end of the year
    寢水墘／寝水墘 [Hokkien]  ―  chhím chúi-kîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  approaching the edge of the water
  2. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) just; just now; a moment ago
Synonyms
[edit]
edit
Dialectal synonyms of 剛才 (“just now”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 剛才, 方才, 適才, 剛剛, 剛
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 剛才, 才剛, 將才
Taiwan 剛才, 剛剛, 剛
Harbin 才剛兒, 頭先, 頭前兒
Malaysia 剛才
Singapore 剛才, 剛剛, 剛
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 剛才, 剛剛的
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 剛打剛兒, 剛剛兒
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 才剛, 才剛剛兒
Wanrong 剛剛
Xi'an 剛才
Xining 才才
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 才剛
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 剛才, 才剛
Ürümqi 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 剛頭兒
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 才剛, 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 先頭
Wuhan 才剛, 剛才, 才一路, 才路, 一路
Liuzhou 頭先, 啱先
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛
Yangzhou 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛, 剛
Hefei 剛才
Cantonese Guangzhou 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話, 疇先
Hong Kong 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 正就
Macau 頭先
Guangzhou (Panyu) 頭先, 啱啱, 啱先, 正話
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 啱啱
Guangzhou (Conghua) 啱啱
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 頭先
Foshan 剛啱, 舊家
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 舊先
Foshan (Shunde) 頭先
Foshan (Sanshui) 啱啱
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 啱青
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 頭先
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 頭先
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 頭先
Zhuhai (Doumen) 頭先
Jiangmen (Baisha) 頭先
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 頭先
Taishan 頭先, 正話
Kaiping (Chikan) 頭先
Enping (Niujiang) 頭先
Heshan (Yayao) 啱啱
Dongguan 蚊蚊, 啱先, 啱啱
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 頭先
Yangjiang 頭先, 啱先
Nanning 啱先
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 啱啱, 正話
Singapore (Guangfu) 頭先, 啱啱
Gan Nanchang 剛腳, 一腳
Lichuan 剛腳
Hakka Meixian 頭先, 啱先, 啱啱
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 先頭, 頭先
Dongguan (Qingxi) 正先
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 正先
Wuhua (Huacheng) 早先
Wengyuan 頭先
Liannan 正先
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 啱啱
Jiexi 早回
Changting 頭先
Wuping (Yanqian) 頭間
Ninghua 正
Ningdu 當頭
Tonggu (Sandu) 正
Dayu 剛正哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 頭先, 頭下
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 頭先, 頭下
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 頭先, 頭下
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 頭先, 頭下
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 頭先, 頭下
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 頭先, 頭下
Hong Kong 頭先
Mengshan (Xihe) 啱
Luchuan 啱先
Senai (Huiyang) 正先
Huizhou Jixi 剛才, 剛剛, 剛之
Jin Taiyuan 剛才, 剛剛
Northern Min Jian'ou 頃先, 頃, 頃頃
Eastern Min Fuzhou 頭先, 頭先早, 連眼, 連刻, 矢文
Southern Min Xiamen 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 拄
Quanzhou 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 頭站仔, 拄
Zhangzhou 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 前拄仔, 盡拄仔, 拄
Kaohsiung 拄才
Yilan 拄才
Changhua (Lukang) 拄才
Taichung 拄拄仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 拄仔才
Tainan 頭陣仔
Taitung 頭拄仔
Hsinchu 拄仔
Penghu (Magong) 拄才
Penang (Hokkien) 麻汝, 耽仔
Singapore (Hokkien) 麻汝, 頭先, 頭早
Manila (Hokkien) 站仔, 頭站仔
Chaozhou 頭陣, 同早, 同旰
Shantou 剛才
Jieyang 同早, 同旰, 頭先, 同陣, 頭陣, 自早
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 同旰
Singapore (Teochew) 麻汝, 頭先, 同早
Leizhou 當奉囝
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 頭先, 開頭, 啱啱, 啱先
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 啱先, 頭先, 幾早, 頭幾早
Wu Shanghai 剛剛, 剛, 剛正, 開開 dated, 客客 dated, 方才 dated
Suzhou 剛剛, 剛剛頭, 剛巧
Danyang 剛才, 剛剛
Hangzhou 剛剛
Ningbo 剛剛
Wenzhou 頭前, 頭先, 頭兒
Xiang Changsha 剛才, 才剛, 嚴剛
Loudi 剛剛
Shuangfeng 當好, 才當

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Barclay, Thomas (1923) “*chím (cf. chhím)”, in Supplement to Dictionary of the Amoy Colloquial Language (overall work in Hokkien and English), Shanghai: The Commercial Press, Limited, page 24

Japanese

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Shinjitai

寝

Kyūjitai

寢

Kanji

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寢

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 寝)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): しん (shin)
  • Kun: ねる (neru, 寢る)

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

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寢 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im)

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Compounds

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Compounds

Vietnamese

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Han character

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寢: Hán Nôm readings: tẩm

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