腐

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腐 U+8150, 腐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8150
← 腏
[U+814F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腑 →
[U+8151]

Translingual

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Han character

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腐 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 00227, composition ⿸府肉)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 987, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2933, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8150

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 腐

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鉜 *bu
跗 *po, *bos
柎 *po
腑 *poʔ
俯 *poʔ
府 *poʔ
付 *pos
咐 *pos
怤 *pʰo
泭 *pʰo, *bo
姇 *pʰo
紨 *pʰo
拊 *pʰoʔ
弣 *pʰoʔ
符 *bo
苻 *bo
坿 *bo, *bos
腐 *boʔ
附 *bos
駙 *bos
鮒 *bos
袝 *bos
蚹 *bos
胕 *bos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boʔ) : phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Sixian:
    • fû - to become powdery from decay;
    • fu - in 豆腐.
Note:
  • bô - vernacular;
  • hô - literary.
Note:
  • hū - vernacular;
  • hú - literary.
Note: hu7 - used in 豆腐.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 腐
Mandarin Beijing /fu²¹⁴/
Harbin /fu²¹³/
Tianjin /fu¹³/
Jinan /fu⁴²/
Qingdao /fu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /fu⁵³/
Xi'an /fu⁵³/
Xining /fv̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /fu⁵³/
Lanzhou /fu⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /fu⁵¹/
Wuhan /fu⁴²/
Chengdu /fu⁵³/
Guiyang /fu⁴²/
Kunming /fu⁵³/
Nanjing /fu²¹²/
Hefei /fu²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /fu⁵³/
Pingyao /xu⁵³/
Hohhot /fu⁵³/ ～竹
/fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～
Wu Shanghai /ɦu²³/
/vu²³/
Suzhou /vu³¹/
Hangzhou /vu¹³/
Wenzhou /vøy²²/
Hui Shexian /fu³⁵/
Tunxi /fu³¹/
Xiang Changsha /fu⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɸu⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /fu²¹³/ 豆～
Hakka Meixian /fu⁵³/ 豆～
Taoyuan /fu³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fu²²/
Nanning /fu²²/
Hong Kong /fu²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hu⁵³/
/hu²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pou²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xu²¹/
/xu⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hu³³/
/hu³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fu³¹/ ～敗
/hu²³/ 豆～
Rime
Character 腐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 扶雨切
Baxter bjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɨoX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bioX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bioX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/buə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/bioX/
Wang
Li 		/bĭuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fu6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjuX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b](r)oʔ/
English rotten

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腐
Reading # 1/1
No. 3524
Phonetic
component 		付
Rime
group 		侯
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		父
Old
Chinese 		/*boʔ/

Definitions

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腐

  1. to rot; to decay; to spoil
  2. stale; antiquated; inflexible
  3. tofu; bean curd
    豆腐  ―  dòufǔ  ―  tofu
    腐乳  ―  fǔrǔ  ―  fermented bean curd
  4. (historical) castration (as a form of punishment)
  5. (ACG, often attributive) yaoi; boys' love; BL
    腐女  ―  fǔnǚ  ―  fujoshi

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Isan: ฟุย
  • → Lao: ຟຸຍ (fu nya)

Japanese

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Kanji

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腐

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
  2. to speak ill of

Readings

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Derived terms

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Compounds

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 腐 (MC bjuX).

Hanja

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腐 (eumhun 썩을 부 (sseogeul bu))

  1. hanja form? of 부 (“rot, decay, spoil”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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腐: Hán Nôm readings: hủ, phụ

  1. chữ Hán form of hủ (“to spoil, to rot”).

Derived terms

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