閔

See also: 闵

閔 U+9594, 閔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9594 ← 間 [U+9593] CJK Unified Ideographs 閕 → [U+9595]

Translingual

Han character

閔 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜大 (ANYK), four-corner 7740₀, composition ⿵門文)

1. mourn, grieve
2. urge on, incite
3. a surname

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1333, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41251
• Dae Jaweon: page 1839, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4290, character 2
• Unihan data for U+9594

Chinese

trad.		閔
simp.		闵

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (閔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
憫	*mrɯnʔ
閔	*mrɯnʔ
潣	*mrɯnʔ, *mɯːlʔ
簢	*mrɯnʔ
燘	*mɯːlʔ, *hmɯːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯnʔ) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǐn (min³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bín

  (Teochew, Peng'im): miêng² / miang²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
    • Wade–Giles: min³
    • Yale: mǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
    • Palladius: минь (minʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: man⁵
    • Yale: máhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
    • Tâi-lô: bín
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: miêng² / miang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miéng / miáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieŋ⁵²/, /miaŋ⁵²/

Note:

• miêng2 - Chaozhou;
• miang2 - Shantou.

---

• Middle Chinese: minX

Rime
Character	閔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	眉殞切
Baxter	minX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiɪnX/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚinX/
Shao Rongfen	/mienX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mjinX/
Li Rong	/mjĕnX/
Wang Li	/mǐĕnX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ĕnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mrə[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ minX ›
Old Chinese	/*mrə[n]ʔ/
English	grieved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閔
Reading #	1/1
No.	9154
Phonetic component	閔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	愍
Old Chinese	/*mrɯnʔ/
Notes	說文文聲

Definitions

閔

1. to pity; to feel compassion for

   alt. forms: 憫／悯 (mǐn), 愍 (mǐn)

2. to worry; to concern
3. a surname

Compounds

• 覯閔／觏闵 (gòumǐn)
• 謝東閔／谢东闵
• 遘閔／遘闵
• 閔予小子／闵予小子
• 閔免／闵免 (mǐnmiǎn)
• 閔凶
• 閔刻本／闵刻本
• 閔勉／闵勉 (mǐnmiǎn)
• 閔子裡／闵子里
• 閔子騫／闵子骞
• 閔惜／闵惜
• 閔然／闵然
• 閔閔／闵闵
• 隱閔／隐闵

 

Japanese

Kanji

閔

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: みん (min)
• Kan-on: びん (bin)
• Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 閔れむ)、うれえる (ureeru, 閔える)

Korean

Hanja

閔 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)

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Vietnamese

Han character

閔: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn

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