bunion

English

bunion

Alternative forms

• bunyon
• bunian, bunnion, bunnian (obsolete)

Etymology

From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from Middle English bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʌnjən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌnjən
• Homophone: Bunyan

Noun

bunion (plural bunions)

1. (pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.
2. (colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint.

Derived terms

• bunionectomy
• bunioned
• bunionette

 

Translations

bump on the big toe

• Catalan: galindó (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 拇囊炎 (mǔnángyán), 雞眼／鸡眼 (zh) (jīyǎn)

• Dutch: hallux valgus, scheefstaande grote teen
• Faroese: vírikur m
• Finnish: vaivaisenluu (fi)
• French: oignon (fr)
• Galician: xoanete m
• German: Ballenzehe f, Schiefzehe f
• Hungarian: bütyök (hu)
• Irish: buinneán (ga) m
• Italian: alluce valgo
• Japanese: 外反母趾 (がいはんぼし, gaihanboshi)
• Macedonian: кокалче n (kokalče)
• Polish: paluch koślawy m, haluks (pl) m, halluks m
• Portuguese: joanete (pt) m
• Romanian: mont (ro) n
• Russian: бурси́т (ru) m (bursít) (большо́го па́льца стопы́), ши́шка (ru) f (šíška) (на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́), вальгусная деформа́ция первого пальца стопы (válʹgusnaja deformácija pérvovo pálʹca stopý) f
• Spanish: juanete (es) m
• Swedish: liktorn (sv)
• Welsh: chwydd (cy) m

hallux valgus

• Czech: vbočený palec
• Finnish: vaivaisenluu (fi)
• German: Hallux Valgus m
• Macedonian: кокалче n (kokalče)
• Welsh: bynion m

Further reading

• bunion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Finnish

Etymology

From English bunion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbunion/, [ˈbunio̞n]
• Rhymes: -union
• Syllabification^(key): bu‧ni‧on

Noun

bunion (rare)

1. Synonym of vaivaisenluu

Declension

Inflection of bunion (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
nominative		bunion	bunionit
genitive		bunionin	bunionien bunioneiden bunioneitten
partitive		bunionia	bunioneita bunioneja
illative		bunioniin	bunioneihin
		singular	plural
nominative		bunion	bunionit
accusative	nom.	bunion	bunionit
	gen.	bunionin
genitive		bunionin	bunionien bunioneiden bunioneitten
partitive		bunionia	bunioneita bunioneja
inessive		bunionissa	bunioneissa
elative		bunionista	bunioneista
illative		bunioniin	bunioneihin
adessive		bunionilla	bunioneilla
ablative		bunionilta	bunioneilta
allative		bunionille	bunioneille
essive		bunionina	bunioneina
translative		bunioniksi	bunioneiksi
abessive		bunionitta	bunioneitta
instructive		—	bunionein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of bunion (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative bunionini bunionini accusative nom. bunionini bunionini gen. bunionini genitive bunionini bunionieni bunioneideni bunioneitteni partitive bunioniani bunioneitani bunionejani inessive bunionissani bunioneissani elative bunionistani bunioneistani illative bunioniini bunioneihini adessive bunionillani bunioneillani ablative bunioniltani bunioneiltani allative bunionilleni bunioneilleni essive bunioninani bunioneinani translative bunionikseni bunioneikseni abessive bunionittani bunioneittani instructive — — comitative — bunioneineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative bunionisi bunionisi accusative nom. bunionisi bunionisi gen. bunionisi genitive bunionisi bunioniesi bunioneidesi bunioneittesi partitive bunioniasi bunioneitasi bunionejasi inessive bunionissasi bunioneissasi elative bunionistasi bunioneistasi illative bunioniisi bunioneihisi adessive bunionillasi bunioneillasi ablative bunioniltasi bunioneiltasi allative bunionillesi bunioneillesi essive bunioninasi bunioneinasi translative bunioniksesi bunioneiksesi abessive bunionittasi bunioneittasi instructive — — comitative — bunioneinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative bunionimme bunionimme accusative nom. bunionimme bunionimme gen. bunionimme genitive bunionimme bunioniemme bunioneidemme bunioneittemme partitive bunioniamme bunioneitamme bunionejamme inessive bunionissamme bunioneissamme elative bunionistamme bunioneistamme illative bunioniimme bunioneihimme adessive bunionillamme bunioneillamme ablative bunioniltamme bunioneiltamme allative bunionillemme bunioneillemme essive bunioninamme bunioneinamme translative bunioniksemme bunioneiksemme abessive bunionittamme bunioneittamme instructive — — comitative — bunioneinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative bunioninne bunioninne accusative nom. bunioninne bunioninne gen. bunioninne genitive bunioninne bunionienne bunioneidenne bunioneittenne partitive bunionianne bunioneitanne bunionejanne inessive bunionissanne bunioneissanne elative bunionistanne bunioneistanne illative bunioniinne bunioneihinne adessive bunionillanne bunioneillanne ablative bunioniltanne bunioneiltanne allative bunionillenne bunioneillenne essive bunioninanne bunioneinanne translative bunioniksenne bunioneiksenne abessive bunionittanne bunioneittanne instructive — — comitative — bunioneinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative bunioninsa bunioninsa accusative nom. bunioninsa bunioninsa gen. bunioninsa genitive bunioninsa bunioniensa bunioneidensa bunioneittensa partitive bunioniaan bunioniansa bunioneitaan bunionejaan bunioneitansa bunionejansa inessive bunionissaan bunionissansa bunioneissaan bunioneissansa elative bunionistaan bunionistansa bunioneistaan bunioneistansa illative bunioniinsa bunioneihinsa adessive bunionillaan bunionillansa bunioneillaan bunioneillansa ablative bunioniltaan bunioniltansa bunioneiltaan bunioneiltansa allative bunionilleen bunionillensa bunioneilleen bunioneillensa essive bunioninaan bunioninansa bunioneinaan bunioneinansa translative bunionikseen bunioniksensa bunioneikseen bunioneiksensa abessive bunionittaan bunionittansa bunioneittaan bunioneittansa instructive — — comitative — bunioneineen bunioneinensa

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek βούνῐον (boúnion).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈbuː.ni.on/, [ˈbuːniɔn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈbu.ni.on/, [ˈbuːnion]

Noun

būnion n (genitive būniī); second declension

1. a type of turnip, perhaps earthnut, Bunium ferulaceum
   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 20.11:

     Nāpōrum duās differentiās et in medicīnā Graecī servant. Angulōsīs foliōrum caulibus, flōre anētī, quod būnion vocant, pūrgātiōnibus fēminārum et vēsīcae et ūrīnae ūtile dēcoctum, pōtum ex aquā mulsā vel sūcī drachmā; sēmen dysintericīs tostum trītumque in aquae calidae cyathīs quattuor. sed ūrīnam inhibet, sī nōn līnī sēmen ūna bibātur.

     The Greeks also preserve two distinct types of turnip in medicine. With angular leafstalks and a flower like that of dill, the one they call the “bunion” is useful boiled, drunk in mead or in a drachma of juice for women's purgings and for the bladder and for the urine; the seed, toasted and ground, in four ladlesful of warm water, (is useful) for people with dysentery. It prevents urination, however, if one (drachma) of linseed is not drunk.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type).

	singular	plural
nominative	būnion	būnia
genitive	būniī	būniōrum
dative	būniō	būniīs
accusative	būnion	būnia
ablative	būniō	būniīs
vocative	būnion	būnia

Related terms

• būnias
• būnītus

Descendants

• Translingual: Bunium

References

• “būnĭon”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• būnĭŏn in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 231/3.
• “būnion” on page 245/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)