menos

See also: ménos

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin minus.

Adverb

menos

1. less

   Antonym: más

   Esti pueblu ye menos guapu que'l to. ― This town is less nice than that one.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese menos, which displaced the semi-learned form mẽos, learned borrowing from Latin minus comparative of parum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈmenʊs]

Adverb

menos

1. less

   Antonym: máis

Preposition

menos

1. except, but

   Vinche todos eses filmes menos o último ― I saw all that movies, except the last one

Noun

menos m (invariable)

1. (mathematics) minus
2. less

Noun

menos m pl (plural only)

1. the minority of a collective

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “menos”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “menos”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “menos”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “menos”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “menos”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Further reading

• “menos”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Ladino

Adverb

menos (Latin spelling)

1. less

   Synonym: manko

2. (often with definite article) least

   Synonym: manko

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese menos, displacing collateral form mẽos, from Latin minus, neuter of minor (“lesser; smaller”), comparative of parvus (“small”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmẽ.nus/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmẽ.nus/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈmẽ.nuʃ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈme.nos/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈme.nuʃ/

• Hyphenation: me‧nos

Adverb

menos (not comparable)

1. less (in lower degree)

   Antonym: mais

   Aqui é menos frio. ― Here is less cold.

   Se trabalhares menos, cansarás menos. ― If you work less, you will tire less.

Preposition

menos

1. except; but

   Synonyms: exceto, fora

   Li todos, menos o último. ― I read all, except the last one.

2. (mathematics) minus (indicates subtraction)

   Três menos dois é um. ― Three minus two is one.

Pronoun

menos m or f (plural menos)

1. fewer (a smaller number of), less (a smaller size or significance of)

   Antonym: mais

   Menos pessoas correm. ― Fewer people run.

   Atirou com menos precisão. ― He shot with less precision.

Usage notes

• Some use the feminine plural menas. It is only used in Brazil. Such usage is non-standard and highly proscribed.

Noun

menos m (invariable)

1. minus sign (the symbol −)

   Synonym: sinal de menos

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish menos, inherited from Latin minus, comparative of parum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmenos/ [ˈme.nos]
• Rhymes: -enos
• Syllabification: me‧nos

Adverb

menos

1. less

   Antonym: más

   Camina menos rápido, por favor.

   Walk less quickly, please.

2. (often with definite article) least

   Antonym: más

   Él come el menos de todos en la familia.

   He eats the least of everyone in the family.

Usage notes

• Used in forming the comparative of adjectives.
• With the definite article, used in forming the superlative of adjectives.

Determiner

menos (plural menos)

1. less, fewer

   Antonym: más

2. least, fewest

   Antonym: más

Preposition

menos

1. minus

   Dos menos uno son uno.

   Two minus one is one.

2. except, besides

   Synonyms: excepto, salvo

   Antonym: incluido

   Todos menos Juan vinieron a la fiesta.

   Everyone except Juan came to the party.

Noun

menos m (plural menos)

1. minus sign

Derived terms

• a menos que
• al menos
• andar a tres menos cuartillo
• caso de menos valer
• cuanto menos, cuando menos
• echar de menos
• el día menos pensado
• ir a menos
• más o menos
• menos da una piedra
• menos de la cuenta
• menos lobos, Caperucita
• menos mal
• menospreciar
• nada más y nada menos
• nada menos
• nada y menos
• ni más ni menos
• ni mucho menos
• no poder menos
• no ser para menos
• poco más o menos
• por carta de menos
• por lo menos
• quien más, quien menos
• tanto menos que
• tener sus más y sus menos
• un día más un día menos
• venir a menos

 

Further reading

• “menos”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• minos

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish menos.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈmenos/ [ˈmɛː.n̪os]
• Rhymes: -enos
• Syllabification: me‧nos

Adjective

menos (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜈᜓᜐ᜔)

1. less; lacking; of less value

   Synonym: kulang

Derived terms

• imenos
• magmenos
• menos-gastos
• menos-menos
• menusin

 

References

• “menos”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018