polttaa
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *polttadak. Cognates include Estonian põletama, Ludian poltada, Veps poutta, Votic põlõtta, Ter Sami pɨellˈted and Erzya пултамс (pultams). Originally probably a causative derivation of palaa; see the Proto-Finnic entry for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]polttaa
- (transitive) to burn (to cause to be consumed by fire)
- (transitive) to burn (to overheat so as to make unusable)
- Pekka poltti vahingossa illallisen pohjaan
- Pekka accidentally burned the dinner.
- (transitive) to burn (to make or produce by the application of fire)
- (transitive) to burn (to injure with heat or chemicals that cause similar injuries)
- (transitive) to burn, sunburn
- En muistanut laittaa aurinkorasvaa ja poltin ihoni.
- I didn't remember to put on sunscreen yesterday and I burned my skin.
- (transitive) to burn (to consume, injure, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat)
- (transitive) to distill alcohol
- (computing, transitive) to burn (to write data on a permanent storage device)
- Missä nykyään voi polttaa CD:itä?
- Where can one burn CDs nowadays?
- (transitive) to burn, waste (to lose money and/or other resources)
- Yritys on polttanut miljoonia sitten huhtikuun.
- The company has burned millions since April.
- (intransitive) to burn (to feel burning hot)
- (intransitive) to get hot, burn (to come (very) close to the truth or the correct solution; from the children's game of hot and cold)
- (transitive, intransitive) to smoke (to deliberately inhale smoke from cigarettes, other tobacco products or some other substances such as marijuana)
- Synonyms: see tupakoida
- Häiritseekö, jos poltan?
- Do you mind if I smoke?
- Poltatteko? -Kyllä, poltan sikareita.
- Do you smoke? -Yes, I smoke cigars.
- (medicine, transitive) to cauterize
- (baseball, pesäpallo, transitive) to put out
- (colloquial, transitive) to inform on someone engaged in an illicit activity
Usage notes
[edit]The difference between the Finnish verbs palaa and polttaa is that with palaa, the fuel (or whatever is burning) is the subject of the sentence, while with polttaa, the fuel is an object (and who causes it to burn is the subject). Both can be translated as "to burn" into English.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of polttaa (Kotus type 53*C/muistaa, tt-t gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | poltan | en polta | 1st sing. | olen polttanut | en ole polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | poltat | et polta | 2nd sing. | olet polttanut | et ole polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | polttaa | ei polta | 3rd sing. | on polttanut | ei ole polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | poltamme | emme polta | 1st plur. | olemme polttaneet | emme ole polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | poltatte | ette polta | 2nd plur. | olette polttaneet | ette ole polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | polttavat | eivät polta | 3rd plur. | ovat polttaneet | eivät ole polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | poltetaan | ei polteta | passive | on poltettu | ei ole poltettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | poltin | en polttanut | 1st sing. | olin polttanut | en ollut polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | poltit | et polttanut | 2nd sing. | olit polttanut | et ollut polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | poltti | ei polttanut | 3rd sing. | oli polttanut | ei ollut polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | poltimme | emme polttaneet | 1st plur. | olimme polttaneet | emme olleet polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | poltitte | ette polttaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte polttaneet | ette olleet polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | polttivat | eivät polttaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat polttaneet | eivät olleet polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | poltettiin | ei poltettu | passive | oli poltettu | ei ollut poltettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | polttaisin | en polttaisi | 1st sing. | olisin polttanut | en olisi polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | polttaisit | et polttaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit polttanut | et olisi polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | polttaisi | ei polttaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi polttanut | ei olisi polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | polttaisimme | emme polttaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme polttaneet | emme olisi polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | polttaisitte | ette polttaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte polttaneet | ette olisi polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | polttaisivat | eivät polttaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat polttaneet | eivät olisi polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | poltettaisiin | ei poltettaisi | passive | olisi poltettu | ei olisi poltettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | polta | älä polta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | polttakoon | älköön polttako | 3rd sing. | olkoon polttanut | älköön olko polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | polttakaamme | älkäämme polttako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | polttakaa | älkää polttako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | polttakoot | älkööt polttako | 3rd plur. | olkoot polttaneet | älkööt olko polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | poltettakoon | älköön poltettako | passive | olkoon poltettu | älköön olko poltettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | polttanen | en polttane | 1st sing. | lienen polttanut | en liene polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | polttanet | et polttane | 2nd sing. | lienet polttanut | et liene polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | polttanee | ei polttane | 3rd sing. | lienee polttanut | ei liene polttanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | polttanemme | emme polttane | 1st plur. | lienemme polttaneet | emme liene polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | polttanette | ette polttane | 2nd plur. | lienette polttaneet | ette liene polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | polttanevat | eivät polttane | 3rd plur. | lienevät polttaneet | eivät liene polttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | poltettaneen | ei poltettane | passive | lienee poltettu | ei liene poltettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | polttaa | present | polttava | poltettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | polttanut | poltettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | polttaessa | poltettaessa | agent4 | polttama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | polttamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | polttaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | polttamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | polttamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | polttamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | polttamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | polttamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | polttaman | poltettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | polttaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- palaa (“to burn”)
Further reading
[edit]- “polttaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *polttadak. Cognates include Finnish polttaa and Karelian polttoa.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpoltːɑː/, [ˈpo̞ɫtːɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpoltːɑː/, [ˈpo̞ɫtːɑː]
- Rhymes: -oltːɑː
- Hyphenation: polt‧taa
Verb
[edit]polttaa
- (transitive) to burn
- (transitive) to smoke
- (transitive) to strike; hit
- (transitive, of the heart) to ail
- syämestä polttaa ― to ail the heart
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of polttaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, tt-t gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | poltan | en polta | 1st singular | oon polttant, oon polttanut | en oo polttant, en oo polttanut |
2nd singular | poltat | et polta | 2nd singular | oot polttant, oot polttanut | et oo polttant, et oo polttanut |
3rd singular | polttaa | ei polta | 3rd singular | ono polttant, ono polttanut | ei oo polttant, ei oo polttanut |
1st plural | poltamma | emmä polta | 1st plural | oomma polttaneet | emmä oo polttaneet |
2nd plural | poltatta | että polta | 2nd plural | ootta polttaneet | että oo polttaneet |
3rd plural | polttaat1), polttavat2), poltetaa | evät polta, ei polteta | 3rd plural | ovat polttaneet | evät oo polttaneet, ei oo poltettu |
impersonal | poltetaa | ei polteta | impersonal | ono poltettu | ei oo poltettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | poltin | en polttant, en polttanut | 1st singular | olin polttant, olin polttanut | en olt polttant, en olt polttanut |
2nd singular | poltit | et polttant, et polttanut | 2nd singular | olit polttant, olit polttanut | et olt polttant, et olt polttanut |
3rd singular | poltti | ei polttant, ei polttanut | 3rd singular | oli polttant, oli polttanut | ei olt polttant, ei olt polttanut |
1st plural | poltimma | emmä polttaneet | 1st plural | olimma polttaneet | emmä olleet polttaneet |
2nd plural | poltitta | että polttaneet | 2nd plural | olitta polttaneet | että olleet polttaneet |
3rd plural | polttiit1), polttivat2), poltettii | evät polttaneet, ei poltettu | 3rd plural | olivat polttaneet | evät olleet polttaneet, ei olt poltettu |
impersonal | poltettii | ei poltettu | impersonal | oli poltettu | ei olt poltettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | polttaisin | en polttais | 1st singular | olisin polttant, olisin polttanut | en olis polttant, en olis polttanut |
2nd singular | polttaisit, polttaist1) | et polttais | 2nd singular | olisit polttant, olisit polttanut | et olis polttant, et olis polttanut |
3rd singular | polttais | ei polttais | 3rd singular | olis polttant, olis polttanut | ei olis polttant, ei olis polttanut |
1st plural | polttaisimma | emmä polttais | 1st plural | olisimma polttaneet | emmä olis polttaneet |
2nd plural | polttaisitta | että polttais | 2nd plural | olisitta polttaneet | että olis polttaneet |
3rd plural | polttaisiit1), polttaisivat2), poltettais | evät polttais, ei poltettais | 3rd plural | olisivat polttaneet | evät olis polttaneet, ei olis poltettu |
impersonal | poltettais | ei poltettais | impersonal | olis poltettu | ei olis poltettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | polta | elä polta | 2nd singular | oo polttant, oo polttanut | elä oo polttant, elä oo polttanut |
3rd singular | polttakoo | elköö polttako | 3rd singular | olkoo polttant, olkoo polttanut | elköö olko polttant, elköö olko polttanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | polttakaa | elkää polttako | 2nd plural | olkaa polttaneet | elkää olko polttaneet |
3rd plural | polttakoot | elkööt polttako, elköö poltettako | 3rd plural | olkoot polttaneet | elkööt olko polttaneet, elköö olko poltettu |
impersonal | poltettakkoo | elköö poltettako | impersonal | olkoo poltettu | elköö olko poltettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | polttanen | en polttane | |||
2nd singular | polttanet | et polttane | |||
3rd singular | polttanoo | ei polttane | |||
1st plural | polttanemma | emmä polttane | |||
2nd plural | polttanetta | että polttane | |||
3rd plural | polttanoot | evät polttane, ei poltettane | |||
impersonal | poltettannoo | ei poltettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | polttaa | present | polttava | poltettava | |
2nd | inessive | polttajees | past | polttant, polttanut | poltettu |
instructive | polttaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (polttakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | polttamaa | |||
inessive | polttamaas | ||||
elative | polttamast | ||||
abessive | polttamata | ||||
4th | nominative | polttamiin | |||
partitive | polttamista, polttamist |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 422
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
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- Rhymes:Finnish/oltːɑː
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