viciar

Portuguese

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin vitiāre (“to make faulty”). Compare with English vitiate.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.siˈa(ʁ)/ [vi.sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈsja(ʁ)/ [viˈsja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.siˈa(ʁ)/ [vi.sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈsja(ʁ)/ [viˈsja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /vi.siˈa(ɾ)/ [vi.sɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈsja(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /vi.siˈa(ʁ)/ [vi.sɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈsja(ʁ)/ [viˈsja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.siˈa(ɻ)/ [vi.sɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈsja(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈsjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈsjaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /biˈsjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈsja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: vi‧ci‧ar

Verb

viciar (first-person singular present vicio, first-person singular preterite viciei, past participle viciado)

1. to addict (to cause someone to become addicted)

   Seus amigos o viciaram drogas.

   His friends addicted him to drugs.

   Este jogo viciou-me.

   This game got me addicted.

2. (intransitive) to be addictive

   Os cigarros viciam.

   Cigarettes are addictive.

3. to spoil; to corrupt

   Synonyms: corromper, estragar

   O fedor viciou o quarto.

   The stench spoiled the room.

4. to adulterate

   Synonyms: adulterar, falsificar

   Os dados foram viciados.

   The dice have been adultered.

5. (reflexive) to degrade, to fade

   As baterias viciam-se com o uso.

   Batteries degrade with use.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of viciar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	viciar
Personal	viciar	viciares	viciar	viciarmos	viciardes	viciarem
Gerund
	viciando
Past participle
Masculine	viciado			viciados
Feminine	viciada			viciadas
Indicative
Present	vicio	vicias	vicia	viciamos	viciais	viciam
Imperfect	viciava	viciavas	viciava	viciávamos	viciáveis	viciavam
Preterite	viciei	viciaste	viciou	viciamos1, viciámos2	viciastes	viciaram
Pluperfect	viciara	viciaras	viciara	viciáramos	viciáreis	viciaram
Future	viciarei	viciarás	viciará	viciaremos	viciareis	viciarão
Conditional	viciaria	viciarias	viciaria	viciaríamos	viciaríeis	viciariam
Subjunctive
Present	vicie	vicies	vicie	viciemos	vicieis	viciem
Imperfect	viciasse	viciasses	viciasse	viciássemos	viciásseis	viciassem
Future	viciar	viciares	viciar	viciarmos	viciardes	viciarem
Imperative
Affirmative		vicia	vicie	viciemos	viciai	viciem
Negative (não)		não vicies	não vicie	não viciemos	não vicieis	não viciem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Antonyms

• desviciar

Derived terms

• reviciar

 

Related terms

• viciação
• viciado
• viciador
• viciamento
• viciante
• vício
• vicioso
• viço

 

Further reading

• “viciar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vitiāre (“to corrupt, to dishonor”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /biˈθjaɾ/ [biˈθjaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /biˈsjaɾ/ [biˈsjaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: vi‧ciar

Verb

viciar (first-person singular present vicio, first-person singular preterite vicié, past participle viciado)

1. to addict (to cause someone to become addicted)

   Sus amigos lo viciaron en las drogas.

   His friends addicted him to drugs.

   Este juego me vició.

   This game got me addicted.

2. (intransitive) to be addictive

   Los cigarrillos vician.

   Cigarettes are addictive.

3. to spoil; to corrupt

   El hedor vició la habitación.

   The stench spoiled the room.

4. to adulterate, to distort

   Los dados fueron viciados.

   The dice have been adultered.

5. (reflexive) to degrade, to fade

   Las baterías se vician con el uso.

   Batteries degrade with use.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of viciar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			viciar
gerund			viciando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		viciado		viciada
		plural		viciados		viciadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vicio	viciastú viciásvos	vicia	viciamos	viciáis	vician
	imperfect	viciaba	viciabas	viciaba	viciábamos	viciabais	viciaban
	preterite	vicié	viciaste	vició	viciamos	viciasteis	viciaron
	future	viciaré	viciarás	viciará	viciaremos	viciaréis	viciarán
	conditional	viciaría	viciarías	viciaría	viciaríamos	viciaríais	viciarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vicie	viciestú viciésvos2	vicie	viciemos	viciéis	vicien
	imperfect (ra)	viciara	viciaras	viciara	viciáramos	viciarais	viciaran
	imperfect (se)	viciase	viciases	viciase	viciásemos	viciaseis	viciasen
	future1	viciare	viciares	viciare	viciáremos	viciareis	viciaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		viciatú viciávos	vicie	viciemos	viciad	vicien
	negative		no vicies	no vicie	no viciemos	no viciéis	no vicien

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of viciar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive viciar
	dative	viciarme	viciarte	viciarle, viciarse	viciarnos	viciaros	viciarles, viciarse
	accusative	viciarme	viciarte	viciarlo, viciarla, viciarse	viciarnos	viciaros	viciarlos, viciarlas, viciarse
with gerund viciando
	dative	viciándome	viciándote	viciándole, viciándose	viciándonos	viciándoos	viciándoles, viciándose
	accusative	viciándome	viciándote	viciándolo, viciándola, viciándose	viciándonos	viciándoos	viciándolos, viciándolas, viciándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative vicia
	dative	víciame	víciate	víciale	vícianos	not used	víciales
	accusative	víciame	víciate	vícialo, víciala	vícianos	not used	vícialos, vícialas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative viciá
	dative	viciame	viciate	viciale	vicianos	not used	viciales
	accusative	viciame	viciate	vicialo, viciala	vicianos	not used	vicialos, vicialas
with formal second-person singular imperative vicie
	dative	vícieme	not used	víciele, víciese	vícienos	not used	vícieles
	accusative	vícieme	not used	vícielo, víciela, víciese	vícienos	not used	vícielos, vícielas
with first-person plural imperative viciemos
	dative	not used	viciémoste	viciémosle	viciémonos	viciémoos	viciémosles
	accusative	not used	viciémoste	viciémoslo, viciémosla	viciémonos	viciémoos	viciémoslos, viciémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative viciad
	dative	viciadme	not used	viciadle	viciadnos	viciaos	viciadles
	accusative	viciadme	not used	viciadlo, viciadla	viciadnos	viciaos	viciadlos, viciadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative vicien
	dative	vícienme	not used	vícienle	víciennos	not used	vícienles, víciense
	accusative	vícienme	not used	vícienlo, vícienla	víciennos	not used	vícienlos, vícienlas, víciense

Further reading

• “viciar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28