Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
By Kenneth Kee
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About this ebook
This book describes Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that induces changes in brain cell activity that lead to seizures, durations of unusual behavior or feelings, and in some patients a loss of consciousness.
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can be simple focal temporal seizures without loss of consciousness (with or without aura) or focal dyscognitive seizures (with loss of consciousness).
Loss of consciousness happens during a focal dyscognitive seizure when the seizure extends to involve both temporal lobes.
Temporal lobe epilepsy is one of 20 different types of epilepsy.
There are 2 main types of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Each is depicted by the part of the temporal lobe in which it begins.
1. One begins in the medial (inner) region of the temporal lobe
2. The other begins in the neocortical (side) region of the temporal lobe.
The brain’s temporal lobes take care of emotions and also assist with the processing and storage of short-term memories.
Temporal lobe epileptic seizures can further categorized.
1. If there is a loss of consciousness, they are termed complex partial seizures.
2. If the patient remains conscious, they are termed simple partial seizures.
In most cases, people stay conscious during temporal lobe seizures, making the TLE simple partial seizures.
Of all types of epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy is most frequent.
It involves about 60 percent of all people with epilepsy and can happen at any age.
There are many possible causes, and often the precise cause is not known.
Doctors believe some possible causes of temporal lobe seizures are:
1. Severe traumatic brain injury
2. Infections or a history of infections like meningitis or encephalitis
3. Scarring (gliosis) in the hippocampus part of the temporal lobe
4. Blood vessel deformities in the brain
5. Stroke
6. Brain tumors
7. Genetics
8. Abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Risk Factors
The most frequent risk factor for temporal lobe epilepsy is having had a seizure, particularly an extraordinarily long-lasting seizure, with a fever at some period in life.
Other risk factors for temporal lobe epilepsy are:
1. Head trauma with loss of consciousness
2. Early childhood injuries
3. Birth injuries
4. Brain defects
5. Vascular malformations (i.e. arteriovenous malformation, cavernous angioma).
5. Past infections – (e.g., herpes encephalitis or bacterial meningitis)
6. Brain tumors
a. Hamartomas.
b. Gliomas.
7. Head injury producing contusion or hemorrhage that causes encephalomalacia or cortical scarring.
8. Cryptogenic: a cause is presumed but has not been diagnosed.
9. Idiopathic (rare).
Hippocampal sclerosis induces a medical syndrome termed mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, which happens in late childhood, then remits but recurs in adolescence or early adulthood in a refractory form.
Febrile seizures: some children with complex febrile seizures seem to be at risk of developing TLE in later life.
Aura happens in the majority of temporal lobe seizures.
Most auras and automatisms persist a very short period - seconds or 1 to 2 minutes.
Auras may produce sensory, autonomic or psychic symptoms:
1. Somatosensory and special sensory phenomena:
2. Olfactory, auditory and gustatory illusions and hallucinations may happen
3. Vertigo may occur with seizures in the posterior superior temporal gyrus.
4. Psychic phenomena:
5. Autonomic phenomena: changes in heart rate and sweating.
MRI and EEG are the tests of choice in diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy
Most people with temporal lobe epilepsy respond well to anti-epileptic drugs.
Surgery is another frequent treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Chapter 2 Caus
Kenneth Kee
Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"
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Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy,
A
Simple
Guide
To
The Condition,
Diagnosis,
Treatment
And
Related Conditions
By
Dr Kenneth Kee
M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)
Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)
Copyright Kenneth Kee 2019 Smashwords Edition
Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com
Dedication
This book is dedicated
To my wife Dorothy
And my children
Carolyn, Grace
And Kelvin
This book describes Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.
(What You Need to Treat Temporal Lobe Epilepsy)
This e-Book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.
If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.
Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.
Introduction
I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.
My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.
Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).
I then wrote an autobiography account of my journey as a medical student to family doctor on my other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.
This autobiography account A Family Doctor’s Tale
was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders
into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale
on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.
From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.
Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.
For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.
The later books go into more details of medical disorders.
The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.
Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.
As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.
Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.
I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.
I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.
I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.
Chapter 1
Temporal lobe epilepsy
What is temporal lobe epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that induces changes in brain cell activity that lead to seizures, durations of unusual behavior or feelings, and in some patients a loss of consciousness.
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can be simple focal temporal seizures without loss of consciousness (with or without aura) or focal dyscognitive seizures (with loss of consciousness).
Loss of consciousness happens during a focal dyscognitive seizure when the seizure extends to involve both temporal lobes.
Temporal lobe epilepsy is one of 20 different types of epilepsy.
There are 2 main types of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Each is depicted by the part of the temporal lobe in which it begins.
1. One begins in the medial (inner) region of the temporal lobe
2. The other begins in the neocortical (side) region of the temporal lobe.
The brain’s temporal lobes take care of emotions and also assist with the processing and storage of short-term memories.
Temporal lobe epileptic seizures can further