Tolkien the Pagan? Reading Middle-earth through a Spiritual Lens: Peter Roe Series XIX
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About this ebook
This volume of proceedings contains papers from the largest and, perhaps, most diverse Tolkien Society Seminar to date.
Following a much-contested Call for Papers, ‘Tolkien the Pagan? Reading Middle-earth through a Spiritual Lens’ explores Tolkien’s complex use of religious ideology, the readers’ approach to their b
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Tolkien the Pagan? Reading Middle-earth through a Spiritual Lens - Luna Press Publishing
Peter Roe Series xix
Tolkien the Pagan?
Reading Middle-earth through a Spiritual Lens
Proceedings of The Tolkien Society
Seminar 2018
Edited by Anna Milon
Copyright © 2019 by The Tolkien Society
www.tolkiensociety.org
First published 2019 by Luna Press Publishing, Edinburgh
www.lunapresspublishing.com
ISBN-13: 978-1-911143-80-2
Cover illustration copyright © 2019 ‘Starkindler’ by Becky Green
Published under the auspices of the Peter Roe Memorial Fund, eighteenth in the series.
All contributors to this volume assert their moral right to be identified as the author of their individual contributions.
Each contribution remains the intellectual property of its respective author and is published by The Tolkien Society, an educational charity (number 273809) registered in England and Wales, under a non-exclusive licence.
All rights reserved by The Tolkien Society. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Nor can it be circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without similar condition including this condition being imposed on a subsequent purchaser.
About the Peter Roe Memorial Fund
The Tolkien Society’s seminar proceedings and other booklets are typically published under the auspices of the Peter Roe Memorial Fund, a fund in the Society’s accounts that commemorates a young member who died in a traffic accident. Peter Roe, a young and very talented person joined the Society in 1979, shortly after his sixteenth birthday. He had discovered Middle-earth some time earlier, and was so inspired by it that he even developed his own system of runes, similar to the Dwarvish Angerthas, but which utilised logical sound values, matching the logical shapes of the runes. Peter was also an accomplished cartographer, and his bedroom was covered with multi-coloured maps of the journeys of the fellowship, plans of Middle-earth, and other drawings.
Peter was also a creative writer in both poetry and prose—the subject being incorporated into his own Dwarvish Chronicles. He was so enthusiastic about having joined the Society that he had written a letter ordering all the available back issues, and was on his way to buy envelopes when he was hit by a speeding lorry outside his home.
Sometime later, Jonathan and Lester Simons (at that time Chairman and Membership Secretary respectively) visited Peter’s parents to see his room and to look at the work on which he had spent so much care and attention in such a tragically short life. It was obvious that Peter had produced, and would have continued to produce, material of such a high standard as to make a complete booklet, with poetry, calligraphy, stories and cartography. The then committee set up a special account in honour of Peter, with the consent of his parents, which would be the source of finance for the Society’s special publications. Over the years a number of members have made generous donations to the fund.
The first publication to be financed by the Peter Roe Memorial Fund was Some Light on Middle-earth by Edward Crawford, published in 1985. Subsequent publications have been composed from papers delivered at Tolkien Society workshops and seminars, talks from guest speakers at the Annual Dinner, and collections of the best articles from past issues of Amon Hen, the Society’s bulletin.
Dwarvish Fragments, an unfinished tale by Peter, was printed in Mallorn 15 (September 1980). A standalone collection of Peter’s creative endeavours is currently being prepared for publication.
The Peter Roe Series
I Edward Crawford, Some Light on Middle-earth, Peter Roe Series, I (Pinner: The Tolkien Society, 1985)
II Leaves from the Tree: Tolkien’s Short Fiction, ed. by Trevor Reynolds, Peter Roe Series, II (London: The Tolkien Society, 1991)
III The First and Second Ages, ed. by Trevor Reynolds, Peter Roe Series, III (London: The Tolkien Society, 1992)
IV Travel and Communication in Tolkien’s Worlds, ed. by Richard Crawshaw, Peter Roe Series, IV (Swindon: The Tolkien Society, 1996)
V Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees: Volume One, ed. by Helen Armstrong, Peter Roe Series, V (Swindon: The Tolkien Society, 1997)
VI Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees: Volume Two, ed. by Helen Armstrong, Peter Roe Series, VI (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 1998)
VII Tolkien, the Sea and Scandinavia, ed. by Richard Crawshaw, Peter Roe Series, VII (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 1999)
VIII The Ways of Creative Mythologies, ed. by Maria Kuteeva, 2 vols, Peter Roe Series, VIII (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2000)
IX Tolkien: A Mythology for England?, ed. by Richard Crawshaw, Peter Roe Series, IX (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2000)
X The Best of Amon Hen: Part One, ed. by Andrew Wells, Peter Roe Series, X (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2000)
XI Digging Potatoes, Growing Trees: Volume Three, ed. by Helen Armstrong, Peter Roe Series, XI (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2001)
XII Kenneth Chaij, Sindarin Lexicon, Peter Roe Series, XII (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2001)
XIII The Best of Amon Hen: Part Two, ed. by Andrew Wells, Peter Roe Series, XIII (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2002)
XIV Tolkien: Influenced and Influencing, ed. by Matthew Vernon, Peter Roe Series, XIV (Telford: The Tolkien Society, 2005)
XV Freedom, Fate and Choice in Middle-earth, ed. by Christopher Kreuzer, Peter Roe Series, XV (London: The Tolkien Society, 2012)
XVI Journeys & Destinations, ed. by Ian Collier, Peter Roe Series, XVI (Wolverhampton: The Tolkien Society, 2015)
XVII Death and Immortality in Middle-earth, ed. by Daniel Helen, Peter Roe Series, XVII (Edinburgh: Luna Press Publishing, 2017)
XIX Poetry and Song in the works of J.R.R. Tolkien, ed. by Anna Milon, Peter Roe Series, XVIII (Edinburgh: Luna Press Publishing, 2018)
Conventions and Abbreviations
Citations to Tolkien’s works are provided inline and use the following abbreviations. Because there are so many editions of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, citations are by volume, book, and chapter only. Similarly, references to the appendices of The Lord of the Rings are by appendix, section, and subsection only. All other references are provided in footnotes according to the MHRA Style Guide. Bibliographies of all works consulted (other than Tolkien’s works listed below) are found at the end of most chapters.
A&I The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun, ed. by Verlyn Flieger (London: HarperCollins, 2016)
Arthur The Fall of Arthur, ed. by Christopher Tolkien (London: HarperCollins, 2013; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013)
AW Ancrene Wisse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962)
B&L Beren and Lúthien, ed. by Christopher Tolkien (London: HarperCollins, 2017)
Beowulf Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary, together with Sellic Spell, ed. by Christopher Tolkien (London: HarperCollins, 2014; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2014)
Bombadil The Adventures of Tom Bombadil and other verses from the Red Book (London: