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    Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments
    Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments
    Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments
    Ebook152 pages1 hour

    Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments

    By James Poon

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    About this ebook

    This eBook covers a range of tactics that can be applied to help you get a quick glimpse of what to expect in structuring winning arguments in the fine art of argumentation. Addressing counterarguments plays a pivotal role in strengthening one's position. Acknowledging opposing views demonstrates not only respect for differing opinions but also confidence in the argument made. This can involve clearly stating these counterarguments and then providing reasoned responses that refute them, thereby reinforcing the validity of the original claim.

    Moreover, the use of rhetorical devices can enhance the persuasive power of an argument. Techniques such as metaphors, analogies and emotive language can engage the audience on a deeper level, making the argument more relatable and compelling. The structure should flow logically, guiding the audience through a narrative that builds towards a persuasive conclusion.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherJames Poon
    Release dateSep 23, 2024
    ISBN9798227029959
    Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments
    Author

    James Poon

    James Poon is a writer and editor for academic, business, science and technical writings. MA in Applied Linguistics, NUS (Singapore), English Language proficiencies. research and publishing experiences. My Maxims: One piece of writing, many ways to style. Think it right and write it right. Never to stop writing for to write I think and my mind is challenged,

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      Book preview

      Tactics in Structuring Winning Arguments - James Poon

      Copyright

      Published by James Poon

      Copyright © 2024

      ISBN 9798227029959

      All rights reserved.

      No part of this eBook may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.

      This eBook is a work of non-fiction.  All the ideas and suggestions in this eBook are the thoughtful opinions of the author, James Poon, who considers them noteworthy for the benefit of the reader. 

      People, places, events and situations are the product of the author’s personal experiences or their adaptation. They are not intended to represent solely the ideas or suggestions of any other person or any company that James Poon has been associated with.  Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead or historical events, is coincidental.

      Acknowledgement

      Iwrote this eBook based on my years of experience on the ground as teacher, tutor and lecturer, editor, writer and researcher.  The success that stems from those occupations gave me the impetus to continue my passion as writer and editor.  Editing and writing is my forte.  I can say it is in the lifeblood of a master’s spirit.

      I give thanks to the people I have interacted with all the years in those occupations because it is through fulfilling work experiences with them in tasks and procedures that I have truly learned what is essential and basic: specific practical details get down to the tactics in structuring winning arguments. Essentially, this eBook covers a range of tactics that can be applied to help you get a quick glimpse of what to expect in structuring winning arguments in the fine art of argumentation. 

      Introduction

      The art of structuring winning arguments involves a careful selection of tactics that are essential for persuading effectively. It begins with understanding the audience's perspective, recognising their values, beliefs and potential objections. This insight allows for the crafting of arguments that not only resonate but also align with their views.

      Once this foundation is established, the next step is to build a logical framework that supports the argument clearly and coherently. This framework includes a well-defined thesis statement that articulates the main point succinctly. Following this, it’s crucial to present supporting evidence that bolsters the thesis. This evidence can take many forms such as statistics, expert testimonials, case studies or anecdotal experiences. Each piece of evidence should be relevant and credible, as the strength of the argument largely hinges on the reliability of the information presented.

      Additionally, addressing counterarguments plays a pivotal role in strengthening one’s position. Acknowledging opposing views demonstrates not only respect for differing opinions but also confidence in the argument made. This can involve clearly stating these counterarguments and then providing reasoned responses that refute them, thereby reinforcing the validity of the original claim.

      Moreover, the use of rhetorical devices can enhance the persuasive power of an argument. Techniques such as metaphors, analogies and emotive language can engage the audience on a deeper level, making the argument more relatable and compelling. The structure should flow logically, guiding the audience through a narrative that builds towards a persuasive conclusion.

      Finally, a strong closing is essential. This is the opportunity to reiterate the main points, remind the audience of the evidence and leave them with a lasting impression. A well-crafted conclusion not only drives the message home but also calls the audience to action or encourages further reflection on the topic.

      In summary, the tactics involved in structuring winning arguments are multifaceted and require a thoughtful approach. By understanding the audience, presenting solid evidence, addressing counterarguments, using effective rhetorical techniques and concluding powerfully, one can significantly increase the chances of not just winning debates but also influencing opinions.

      Contents

      Copyright

      Acknowledgement

      Introduction

      TYPES OF ARGUMENT

      Single Argument

      Multiple Arguments

      Coordinately Compound Argumentation

      Dialogical Clues of Argumentation

      Direct versus Indirect Defence

      Subordinately Compound Argumentation

      INFERENCE

      Argument from Data through Reason/Inference to Conclusion

      INDUCTION: SPECIFIC TO GENERAL

      Inductive Order

      DEDUCTION: GENERAL TO SPECIFIC

      Deductive Order

      ARGUING A POSITION

      Structure

      DEDUCTION

      DEDUCTIVE  REASONING

      ARGUING A POSITION

      Deductive Argument

      Inductive Argument

      INDUCTIVE REASONING - PATTERNS

      .INDUCTIVE REASONING - ENUMERATION

      GRAPHIC ORGANISER FOR AN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

      ORGANISING AN ARGUMENT

      Structure

      Bridging Sentences

      Adding Emphasis

      Reinforcement

      LINKING IDEAS

      REFUTING AN ARGUMENT

      REJECTING AN ARGUMENT

      Disagreeing

      Opposing Arguments: Where to Place Them

      COMPARING INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE REASONING

      RECOGNISE AND AVOID LOGICAL FALLACIES

      COMMON LOGICAL FALLACIES

      Bandwagon Fallacy

      IDENTIFYING LOGICAL FALLACIES

      WRITING ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS

      Debatable and Non-debatable Statements

      LOGICAL ARGUMENTS

      Faults to Fail the Argument

      EVALUATING CAUSE AND EFFECT

      Evaluate Cause and Effect to Think Critically

      Cause and Effect Test

      PROBLEM OF APPEALING TO REASON

      Conclusion

      About the Author

      List of Publications

      TYPES OF ARGUMENT

      Single Argument

      The defense of the standpoint consists of one argument.

      A single argument states the essence of the standpoint with clarity and justification for the position taken. It is straightforward yet impactful, aiming to resonate with the audience and persuade them of its validity without overwhelming them with complexity.

      Multiple Arguments

      Each of the arguments provides a separate and conclusive defense of the standpoint, motivated by a failure of the previous attempt.

      When employing multiple arguments, each contribution stands independently as a robust defence of the standpoint. These separate arguments work synergistically, each one addressing a distinct aspect of the issue. When one argument encounters shortcomings or fails to convince, the subsequent arguments step in to offer alternative perspectives or reinforce the initial claims. This layered approach ensures that the overall defence remains resilient, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the standpoint from various angles. Each argument is designed to be conclusive, collectively fortifying the position and addressing potential counterarguments, thus creating a well-rounded and compelling case.

      Coordinately Compound Argumentation

      This is a chain of arguments that individually support the standpoint directly but are only meant to provide sufficient support for the standpoint when taken together.

      Coordinately compound argumentation serves as a sophisticated method of presenting and supporting a viewpoint through the careful integration of multiple, interconnected premises. This approach not only strengthens the overall argument by providing varied and complementary evidence but also enhances clarity and comprehension for the audience. By utilising this technique, a speaker or writer can systematically develop their case, ensuring that each point contributes meaningfully to the overarching thesis.

      Essentially, coordinately compound argumentation involves assembling diverse arguments that work together harmoniously. Each individual argument supports the main claim while also being relevant to one another, creating a cohesive structure. This interconnectedness allows the audience to see how different aspects of the argument reinforce each other, thereby fostering a more persuasive narrative.

      Moreover, this method encourages critical thinking, as it invites consideration of various facets of a topic. By presenting multiple strands of reasoning, the audience is prompted to engage more deeply with the subject matter. As a result, coordinately compound argumentation not only persuades through the strength of individual arguments but also captivates the audience’s interest through its multifaceted approach.

      Overall, this technique is particularly effective in complex discussions where a singular perspective may be insufficient to address the nuances of the issue at hand. It allows for a richer exploration of ideas, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the topic while effectively advocating for the proposed viewpoint.

      You can enhance coordinating compound argumentation by using dialogical clues of argumentation such as:

      In addition to the fact that: Combination of evidences is necessarily sufficient.

      Whereas/While: To rule out a possible objection to his first argument.

      Dialogical Clues of Argumentation

      Dialogical clues of argumentation refer to the various indicators and signals present in a conversation or discourse that suggest the structure and nature of the arguments. These clues can manifest in different forms such as the language used, the way points are introduced and developed and even the tone and style of delivery. When participants engage in a dialogue, they often employ specific

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