The Effect of Niobium on In Situ Synthesis of Titanium Carbide in Composite Hardfacings

Sibel Yöyler; Andrei Surzhenkov; Mart Viljus; Rainer Traksmaa; Kristjan Juhani

doi:10.4028/p-A5WzJl

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HomeMaterials Science ForumMaterials Science Forum Vol. 1104The Effect of Niobium on In Situ Synthesis of...

The Effect of Niobium on In Situ Synthesis of Titanium Carbide in Composite Hardfacings

Abstract:

Niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti) react with carbon to form high-melting-point and high-hardness MC-type carbides. This study explores the in-situ synthesis of mixed NbC-TiC carbides during plasma transferred arc welding of a steel-based hardfacing. Feedstock powders consisted of stainless steel AISI 316L, TiO₂, and graphite with and without 5 wt.% Nb addition. Feedstock powders were ball milled for 72 hours, then mixed with paraffine and pre-placed on the S235 steel. The cladding current was 125 A, and the plasma torch travel velocity was 1 mm/s and 0.7 mm/s. The effect of Nb on TiC generation was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Vickers hardness was also measured at the surface of hardfacings. Results show that previously formed NbC grains acted as nucleation sites for TiC precipitation. Increased torch velocity has resulted in improving distribution and decreasing agglomeration of carbon phases. Hardness tests showed that Nb and Ti increased the hardness resistance of the substrate steel.

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1104)

Pages:

55-60

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-A5WzJl

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Online since:

November 2023

Authors:

Sibel Yöyler*, Andrei Surzhenkov, Mart Viljus, Rainer Traksmaa, Kristjan Juhani

Keywords:

Effect of Ti and Nb, In Situ Synthesis, PTA Cladding, Steel-Based Hardfacing

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