IS : 4031 ( Part 11 ) - 1988

( Reaffirmed 1995 )

Indian Standard

METHODS OF PHYSICAL TESTS FOR HYDRAULIC CEMENT

First Revision )
Reprint MARCH, 1992

First

UDC

666942 : 531754

BUREAU
MANAK

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN

STANDARDS
ZAFAR MARG

9 BAHADUR SHAH NEW DELHI 110002

Augusr

1988

IS : 4031 ( Part 11 ) - 1988

Indian Standard METHODS OF PHYSICAL TESTS FOR HYDRAULIC CEMENT

First Revision )
0. FOREWORD
of individual tests. Further, since publication of the original standard in 1968, a number of standards covering the requirements of different equipment used for testing of cement, a brief description of which was also covered in the standard, had been published. In this revision, therefore, reference is given to different instrument specifications deleting the description of the instruments, as it has been recognized that reproducible and repeatable test results can be obtained only with standard testing equipment capable of giving desired level of accuracy. This part t Part 11 ) covers determination of density of hydraulic cement. 0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).

Indian Standard ( Part 11 ) ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 22 April 1988, after the draft finalized by the Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. 0.2 Standard methods of testing cement are essential adjunct to the cement specifications. This standard in different parts lays down tests to evaluate the procedure for the the physical properties of different types of hydraulic cements. The procedure for conducting chemical tests of hydraulic cement is covered in IS : 4032-1985*. 0.3 Originally all the tests to evaluate the physical properties of hydraulic cements were covered in one standard ; bdt for facilitating the use of this standard and future revisions, it has been decided to print the different tests as different parts of the standard and accordingly, this revised standard has been brought out in Thus will also facilitate updating thirteen parts.
*Method of chemical analysis ( first revision ). of hydraulic cement

0.1 This

1. SCOPE 1.1 This standard ( Part 11 > covers the procedure for determining the density of hydraulic cement.

sample of the cement selected as above shall be thoroughly mixed before testing. 3. TEMPERATURE
3.1 Th e temperature

2. SAMPLING
SPECIMENS

AND SELECTION

OF TEST

of the laboratory maintained at 27 f 2OC.

shall be

2.1 The samples of the cement shall be taken in accordance with the requirements of IS : 35351986. and the relevant standard specification for the type of cement being tested. The representative
*Methods of sampling hydraulic cements.

4. APPARATUS 4.1 Le Chatelier Flask - Standard LeChatelier flask conforming to the dimensions shown in
Fig. 1.

IS:4031(Partll)-1988 either of the liquids specified in 5.1 to a point on the stem between the zero and the l-ml mark. The inside of the flask above the level of the liquid shall be dried, if necessary, after pouring. The first reading shall be recorded after the flask has been immersed in the water bath (sreNote 2) in accordance with 6.3. A weighed quantity of cement ( about 64 g for Portland cement ) shall then be introduced in small amounts at the same temperature as the liquid ( see Note 1 ). Care shall be taken to avoid splashing and to see that the cement does not adhere to the inside of the flask above the liquid. A vibrating apparatus may be used to accelerate the introduction of the cement into the flask and to prevent the cement from sticking to the neck. After all the cement has been introduced, the stopper shall be placed in the flask and the flask rolled in an inclined position ( see Note 1 ), or gently whirled in a horizontal circle, so as to free the cement from air until no further air bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid. If a proper amount of cement has been added, the level of the liquid will be in its final position at some point of the upper series of graduations. The final reading shall be taken after the flask has been immersed in the water bath in accordance with 6.3.
NOTE 1 --It is advisable to use a rubber pad on the table top when filling or rolling the flask. NOTE 2 - Before the cement has been added to the flask. a loose-fitting lead-ring weight around the stem of the flask will be helpful in holding the flask ir, n upright position in the water ba!h or the flask may bc held in the water bath bv a burette clamp. NOTE 3 - Forcleaning of I,e Chatelier flasks, acid cleaning will not be effective in removing any dqosltion of silicic acid gel. They may be satisfactorily cleaned by using warm sodium carbonate solution.

ENLARGED DETAIL ATX

17 ml CAPACITY

CAPACITY OF BULK 260 ml APPROX

demensions as the height of flask. diameter of base, etc. are to be expected and will not be considered sufficientcause for rejection.
Alldimensions in millimetres. FIG. 1 LE CHATELIER FLASK FOR DENSITY TEST 4.2 Analytical Balance - Analytical balance capable of reproducing results within 0000 2 g with an accuracy of f 0,000 2 g. NOTE -Self-indicating balance with equivalent accuracy may also be used. 4.3 Standard Weights 4.4 Constant Temperature Water Bath - The constant temperature water bath shall be capable pf maintaining temperature within f 02C. 5. MATERIAL 5.1 Kerosine free of water, OT naphtha having a specific gravity not less than 0731 3 shall be used in the density determination. 6. PROCEDURE 6.1 Density of cement shall be determined on the material as received, unless otherwise specified. If the density determination on a loss-free the sample shall first be sztmple is required, ignited according to the test for loss on ignition. 6.2 The flask shall be filled ( see Note I ) with 2

NoTE-variations

of a few

millimetres

in

Such

6.3 The flask shall be immersed in a constanttemperature water bath, maintained at about room temperature, for a sufficient interval before making either of the readings so as to avoid variations greater than 02C in the temperature of the liquid in the flask. All readings shall be checked until they are constant to ensure that the contents of the flask have reached the temperature of the water bath. 7. CALCULATION
7.1

The difference between the first and the readings represents the volume of liquid placed by the mass of cement used in the The density shall be calculated as follows to second place of decimal : Mass of cement in g Density = -Displaced volume in cm*

final distest. the

7.2 Two tests shall be carried average shall be reported.

out

and

the

8. RETEST 8.1 If the difference between the two values differs by more than 003, the test shall be repeated.

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