Reproductive Organs of Farm Animals
Reproductive Organs of Farm Animals
Reproductive Organs of Farm Animals
TERMS
ESTRUS
PERIOD DURING WHICH FEMALE IS RECEPTIVE TO COURTSHIP AND COPULATION 24 HOUR PERIOD ESTROUS
CYCLE OF ESTRUS
SHEEP--17 DAYS HOGS, CATTLE, HORSES--21 DAYS
GONARD
ZYGOTE
TERMS
EJACULATION
MOVEMENT OF SPERM FROM EPIDIDYMIS THROUGH THE PENIS INTO THE FEMALE 10-15 MILLION SPERM
FERTILIZATION
FIMBRIA
OPENING TO THE FALLOPIAN TUBE WHICH CATCHES THE EGG AS IT LEAVES THE OVARY
CRYPTOCRCHID MALE
MALE ANIMAL WHICH IS STERILE BECAUSE THE TESTICLES DID NOT DESCEND INTO THE SCROTUM
TERMS
PROGESTERONE
FETUS
YOUNG ANIMAL IN THE UTERUS FROM TIME OF COMPLETE TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION UNTIL BIRTH
FERTILIZATION-->ZYGOTE-->FETUS->YOUNG ANIMAL
COPULATION ORGAN--PENIS
FINAL STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAMETES (SPERM) IN WHICH THE NORMAL NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES IS REDUCED BY ONE-HALF
STORAGE OF SPERM
FUNCTION OF OVARY
MOVES SPERM THROUGH THE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT BUILDS NEST FOR EMBRYO PRODUCES HORMONES PROGESTERONE
PROGESTERONE
WHEN OVULATION IS COMPLETED, THE CORPUS LUTEM IS FORMED AND BEGINS TO SECRETE PROGESTERONE TO TAKE THE ANIMAL OUT OF HEAT
EQUIPMENT NEEDED
CHARACTERISTICS OF SEMEN
DURING EJACULATION
COLOR--WHITE TO CREAM WITH VARIATION FROM CLEAR TO YELLOW VOLUME--FROM 2-6 CUBIC CENTIMETERS pH--Range 6.5-6.9 SPERM CELL CONCENTRATION
VARIES ACCORDING TO AGE, SEASON OF THE YEAR, CONDITION OF ANIMAL SPERMATOZA--PRODUCE BY TESTES
HEAD
NECK
MIDDLE PIECE
TAIL
SIGN OF ESTRUS
STANDING TO BE RIDDEN RIDING OTHERS NERVOUSNESS, RESTLESSNESS CLEAR STICKY MUCUS FLOWING FROM THE VULVA MINOR INDICATIONS
DIRT OR MUD ON FLANKS ON BACK HAIR STANDING UP ON TAIL HEAD BELLOWING HOLDING UP MILK
ESTRUS
MOST IMPORTANT INDICATION OF ESTRUS
STANDING TO BE RIDDEN
DURATION OF ESTRUS STANDING HEAT IS 16-18 HOURS BUY MAY VARY FROM 6 TO 35 HOURS. THE FIRST ESTRUS AFTER CALVING WILL VARY FROM 45 TO 60 DAYS DEPENDING ON AGE AND NUTRITIONAL LEVEL OF COWS
OVULATION OF A COW
OCCURS 8 TO 10 HOURS AFTER STANDING HEAT IF A COW IS NOTICED IN STANDING HEAT DURING THE MORNING, SHE SHOULD BE INSEMINATED IN THE AFTERNOON.
GESTATION PERIODS
COWS--283 DAYS MARE--336 DAYS SOW--114 DAYS EWE--150 DAYS
HOT BATH--PLACE IN WATER BATH AT 90 TO 95 DEGREE FOR ONE MINUTE ICE BATH--PLACE IN WATER BATH AT 37 F FOR 8-10 MINUTE NO THAW--TAKE STRAIGHT FROM NITROGEN TANK WITHOUT THAWING AND INSEMINATE
AMPULES
ESTRUS--HEAT
OCCURS WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF OVARIAN FOLLICLES WHICH IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY HORMONE ESTROGEN AVERAGE OVUM (EGG) DEVELOPS 18-24 DAYS-AVERAGES 21 DAYS EVERY 21 DAYS AN EGG IS DEVELOPED AND RELEASED, UNTIL EGG IS FERTILIZED. AFTER FERTILIZATION, CORPUS LETEUM (YELLOW BODY) APPEARS FORMED ON THE OVARY CORPUS LETEUM--STOPS CYCLE OR EGG DEVELOPMENT AND HEAT UNTIL PARTURITION (BIRTH)
CALENDAR
3 C OF GOOD CONCEPTION
COW MUST BE FRESH AT LEAST 60 DAYS ESTRUS CYCLE 18-24 DAYS CYCLE SHOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH NO MORE THAN ONE DAY DIFFERENCE WATCH COWS 4 X A DAY (EARLY MORNING, LATE MORNING, EARLY AFTERNOON, LATE AFTERNOON) SPEND 15 MINUTES EACH TIME TREAT COWS AS AN INDIVIDUALS, NOT AVERAGE
COW
CLOCK
STANDING HEAT 12-18 HOURS OVULATION--RELEASING OF EGG--12-15 HOURS AFTER STANDING HEAT BEST INSEMINATED--LAST FEW HOURS AFTER STANDING HEAT 6-12 HOURS
ESTROUS CYCLE
ESTRUS (HEAT)--TIME OF ACCEPTANCE PROESTRUS--PRECEDING HEAT DIESTRUS--HORMONE CHANGES ARE TAKING PLACE ANESTRUS--ABSENCE OF HEAT METESTRUS--MIDDLE OF CYCLE, NOTHING GOING ON HORMONE CYCLE
PENDULUM CYCLE
STEP 1 PITURARY GLAND PRODUCES FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)
TARGET--OVARIES FUNCTION--STIMULATES FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT, AFFECTS CYCLE, CAUSES SOME TO CHANGE FASTER AND DEVELOP ESTROGEN
AFFECTS UTERUS TO INCREASE MUSCLE TONE FORCE OUT ABNORMAL CONTENTS INCREASE BLOOD TO UTERUS AND OVARIES
CERVIX AND VAGINAL--PRODUCE MUCUS BRAIN CAUSES ANIMAL TO THINK AND ACT IN HEAT.
OVARIES PRODUCE A LARGE FOLLICLE (BLISTER) THAT CONTAINS AN EGG AND PUTS THE EGG TOWARD THE FIMBRIA
PROGESTREONE
FOLLICE FILLS WITH BLOOD AND FIBER PRODUCING THE CORPUS LUTEUM CORPUS LUTEM PRODUCES PROGESTRONE PROGESTRONE ACTS ON UTERUS TO PREPARE FOR FERTILIZED EGG ACTS ON PITUITARY TO DEPRESS PLH PROGESTRONE IS RELEASE AS LONG AS ANIMAL IS PREGNANT IF NOT PREGNANT CYCLE STARTS UP AGAIN