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Foundation Design

The document provides guidance on designing column footings for reinforced concrete structures. It discusses that the footing distributes the load from the column to prevent exceeding the soil's safe bearing capacity. The design process involves calculating the required footing area based on the load and soil type, determining the bending moment on the footing, fixing the footing depth based on bending moment and shear considerations, and checking shear stresses do not exceed allowable values. Reinforcement steel area is then sized based on the bending moment.

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210 views4 pages

Foundation Design

The document provides guidance on designing column footings for reinforced concrete structures. It discusses that the footing distributes the load from the column to prevent exceeding the soil's safe bearing capacity. The design process involves calculating the required footing area based on the load and soil type, determining the bending moment on the footing, fixing the footing depth based on bending moment and shear considerations, and checking shear stresses do not exceed allowable values. Reinforcement steel area is then sized based on the bending moment.

Uploaded by

ram_babu_59
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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Foundation Design Foundation is the base of any structure. Without a firm foundation, the structure cannot stand.

That is the reason why we have to be very cautious with the design of foundations because our entire structure rests on the foundation.

Laying of Column Footing Reinforcement The strength of the foundation determines the life of the structure. As we discussed in the earlier article, design of foundation depends on the type of soil, type of structure and its load. On that basis, the foundations are basically divided into Shallow Foundations and Deep Foundations. In this article, we are going discuss the step by step guide to Column Footing Design. Reinforced Concrete Footings Footing comprises of the lower end of a column, pillar or wall which i enlarged with projecting courses so as to distribute load. Footings shall be designed to sustain the applied loads, moments and forces and the induced reactions and to ensure that any settlement which may occur shall be as uniform as possible and the safe bearing capacity of soil is not exceeded. In sloped or stepped footings, the effective cross-section in compression shall be limited by the area above the neutral plane, and the angle of slope or depth and location of steps should be such that the design requirements are satisfied at every section. Design Procedure of Column Footings Here is a step-by-step guide to Column Footing Design:

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Column Footing Plan and Section Step 1 Area required for footing Square = B = (w+w1)/P0 Where, Po = safe bearing capacity of soil w1 = self weight of footing w = self weight of footing For Rectangle = b/d = B/D A=bxd Net upward pressure on the footing 2|Page

q/p = W/A Step 2 Bending Moment Critical section for maximum bending moment is taken at the face of the column For a square footing, Mxx = q x B/8 (L a)2 Mxx = q x L/8 (B b)2 Myy = q x B/8 (L a)2 Step 3 To fix the depth of the footing shall be greater of the following: Depth from bending moment consideration d =square root(M/Qb) where, Q = moment of required factor Depth from shear consideration Check for one way shear Check for two way shear or punching shear Critical shear for one way shear is considered at a distance d from face of the column. Shear force, V = qB [ (B b) d] Nominal shear stress, Tv = k . Tc
Tc =

0.16square rootfck

Step 4 Check for two way shear Critical section for two way shear is considered at a distance at a distance d/2 from all the faces of the column. SF, V = q [ B2 (b + d)2] SF, V = q [L x B (a + d)(b + d)] 3|Page

Nominal shear stress, Tv = V/2((a+d)(b+d)d) - {for a rectangle


Tv = Tv =

V/4((b+d)d) k . Tc

- {for a square

k = 0.5 + Beta > 1


Tc =

; [Beta = ratio of sides of the column

0.16square rootfck

Area of steel, Ast = M/((sigma)stjd) Also Check out:

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