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    Foundation & Column Design

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    Albert Lucky
    This document provides information on column footing design for shallow foundations: 1. Column footing design involves calculating the required footing area based on soil bearing capacity and structural loads. Footing depth is determined by bending moment and shear force calculations. 2. Reinforcement is sized to resist bending moments and shear stresses, with critical sections at the face and edges of the column. 3. Column bases in steel structures include slab bases using base plates and cleats, or gusseted bases with thicker base plates and gusset connections for higher loads.

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    Foundation & Column Design

    Uploaded by

    Albert Lucky
    331 views6 pages
    This document provides information on column footing design for shallow foundations: 1. Column footing design involves calculating the required footing area based on soil bearing capacity and structural loads. Footing depth is determined by bending moment and shear force calculations. 2. Reinforcement is sized to resist bending moments and shear stresses, with critical sections at the face and edges of the column. 3. Column bases in steel structures include slab bases using base plates and cleats, or gusseted bases with thicker base plates and gusset connections for higher loads.

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    Foundation & Column Design

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    This document provides information on column footing design for shallow foundations: 1. Column footing design involves calculating the required footing area based on soil bearing capacity and structural loads. Footing depth is determined by bending moment and shear force calculations. 2. Reinforcement is sized to resist bending moments and shear stresses, with critical sections at the face and edges of the column. 3. Column bases in steel structures include slab bases using base plates and cleats, or gusseted bases with thicker base plates and gusset connections for higher loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    331 views6 pages

    Foundation & Column Design

    Uploaded by

    Albert Lucky
    This document provides information on column footing design for shallow foundations: 1. Column footing design involves calculating the required footing area based on soil bearing capacity and structural loads. Footing depth is determined by bending moment and shear force calculations. 2. Reinforcement is sized to resist bending moments and shear stresses, with critical sections at the face and edges of the column. 3. Column bases in steel structures include slab bases using base plates and cleats, or gusseted bases with thicker base plates and gusset connections for higher loads.

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    Guide to Foundation Design |

    Column Footings
    Foundation Design
    Foundation is the base of any structure. Without a solid foundation, the structure would not
    hold for long. We have to be very cautious with the design of foundations because our
    entire structure rests on the foundation. The job of a foundation is to transfer the loads of
    the building safely to the ground.

    Laying of Column Footing Reinforcement | Foundation Design


    The strength of the foundation determines the life of the structure. As we discussed in the
    earlier article, design of foundation depends on the type of soil, type of structure and its
    load. Higher the load bearing capacity of the soil, the larger the load it could safely carry.
    Foundations are basically divided into Shallow Foundations and Deep Foundations.
    In this article, we are going discuss the step by step guide to Column Footing Design for a
    shallow foundation.

    Reinforced Concrete Footings

    Footing comprises of the lower end of a column, pillar or wall which i enlarged with
    projecting courses so as to distribute load.
    Footings shall be designed to sustain the applied loads, moments and forces and the
    induced reactions and to ensure that any settlement which may occur shall be as uniform as
    possible and the safe bearing capacity of soil is not exceeded.
    In sloped or stepped footings, the effective cross-section in compression shall be limited by
    the area above the neutral plane, and the angle of slope or depth and location of steps
    should be such that the design requirements are satisfied at every section.

    Design Procedure of Column Footings | Foundation Design


    Here is a step-by-step guide to Column Footing Design:

    Column Footing Plan and Section | Foundation Design

    Step 1
    Area required for footing
    Square = B = (w+w1)/P0
    Where, Po = safe bearing capacity of soil
    w1 = self weight of footing
    w = self weight of footing
    For Rectangle = b/d = B/D
    A=bxd
    Net upward pressure on the footing
    q/p = W/A

    Step 2
    Bending Moment
    Critical section for maximum bending moment is taken at the face of the column
    For a square footing,
    Mxx = q x B/8 (L a)2
    Mxx = q x L/8 (B b)2
    Myy = q x B/8 (L a)2

    Step 3
    To fix the depth of the footing shall be greater of the following:
    Depth from bending moment consideration
    d = (M/Qb)
    where, Q = moment of required factor
    Depth from shear consideration

    Check for one way shear


    Check for two way shear or punching shear
    Critical shear for one way shear is considered at a distance d from face of the column.
    Shear force, V = qB [ (B b) d]
    Nominal shear stress, Tv = k . Tc
    Tc =

    0.16fck

    Step 4
    Check for two way shear
    Critical section for two way shear is considered at a distance at a distance d/2 from all the
    faces of the column.
    SF, V = q [ B2 (b + d)2]
    SF, V = q [L x B (a + d)(b + d)]
    Nominal shear stress, Tv = V/2((a+d)(b+d)d) - {for a rectangle
    Tv

    = V/4((b+d)d)

    Tv

    = k . Tc

    k = 0.5 + > 1
    Tc =

    - {for a square

    ; [Beta = ratio of sides of the column

    0.16fck

    Area of steel, Ast = M/(()stjd)

    Column Bases | Design of Steel


    Structures
    Column bases are structural elements used in the design of steel structures to
    transfer the column load to the footings.

    Types of Column bases


    1. Slab base
    2. Gusseted base

    Slab Base

    Slab bases are used where the columns have independent concrete pedestals. A thick
    steel base plate and two cleat angles connecting the flanges of the column to the base

    plate. In addition to these, web cleats are provided to connect the web of the column to the
    base plate. These web cleats guard against the possible dislocation of the column during
    erection. The ends of the column and also the base plate should be mechanized so that the
    column load is wholly transferred to the base plate.

    Area of base plate= (load of column)/(permissible bearing stress in


    concrete)
    Gusseted base
    Gussetted bases are provided for columns carrying heavier loads requiring large base
    plates. A gusseted base consists of a base of reduced thickness and two gusseted plates
    are attached one to each flange of the column.

    Gusseted Column Base

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