INDUS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

Bilhaur Kanpur- 209202

Project report
On

Automobile Workshop
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY In CIVIL ENGINEERING

Submitted to:

Under Guidance of:

Mr. S.K. Mishra

(H.O.D. Of civil engineering)

Mr. Shiv Mohan Dubey

(Lecturer, Dept. Of Civil Engineering)

INDUS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

Bilhaur Kanpur- 209202
A

Project report
On

Automobile Workshop
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY In CIVIL ENGINEERING

Submitted to:

Submitted by: Balvant Chauhan Vijay Bahadur Bind Vikram I.P. Singh Vivek Kumar Vivek Kr. Singh Vivek Yadav

Mr. S.K. Mishra

(H.O.D. Of civil engineering)

Under Guidance of:

Mr. Shiv Mohan Dubey

(Lecturer, Dept. Of Civil Engineering)

Name of Project

Automobile Workshop
(Maruti Suzuki workshop at Jarib Cahuki, Kanpur)

INDEX

S.No.

Title

Page No.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Certificate Object Survey Drawing Estimation Rate of cost

1 2 3 4 6 7

OBJECT

To prepare a project of AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOP (Maruti Suzuki workshop) in the plot of 50m X 30m at Kanpur.

The objectives of the project are: Carrying out a complete analysis and designing of the main structural elements of an Automobile Workshop including slabs, columns, and beams. The structure should be able to accommodate all the machineries as well as all the required equipments needed in the auto mobile work shop. Use structural software (AutoCAD) to make the plan. Use IS codes. Getting real life experience with engineering practices. Use of all the necessary equipments needed for the survey of the site. To study the various elements of the structure in detail. To estimate the cost of material as well as cost of labour along with other indirect included cost incurred in the construction of civil structures.

INTRODUCTION

BUILDING
A building can be defined as a structure which consists of walls, floors, and roofs, erected to provide covered space for different uses such as Residence Education Business Storage Workshop Worship

TYPES OF BUILDING
Buildings may be divided into following parts:(i) (ii) Residential apartment building. Office building.

(i)

Residential apartment building Apartment buildings are multi-story buildings where three or more residences are contained within one structure. Office building The primary purpose of an office building is to provide a workplace and working environment.

(ii)

AUTOMOBILE WORK SHOP:The automobile workshop is a civil structure which is basically work place for repairing and servicing of the automobiles. Or we may sayAn automobile repair shop (also known as a garage) is a repair shop where automobiles are repaired by auto mechanics and electricians.

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

The structural elements are those elements which form the supporting skeleton frame work of the building. It include the following things :(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Foundation Column Beam Slab

(i)

Foundation- There main function is to transmit the building load to the ground safely.

(ii)

Column- There main function is to transmit the beam load to the foundation and to resist the lateral loads. It also hold the building in straight position.

(iii)

Beam- there main function is to hold the slab load and to transmit them to the column.

(iv)

Slab- there main function is to support the load resting on it and to transfer these load to the beam.

Detail specifications

The main items of work in a load bearing wall type of construction may be given as: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) (i) Excavation P.C.C Foundation Masonry in foundation Filling in plinth Damp proof course Flooring Masonry work in super structure Doors and window Roof Plaster White washing

Excavation:- a trench of desired length, width and depth is excavated in order to prepare a foundation for the building. Plain Cement Concrete: - PCC is a construction material generally used as binding materials and is composed of cement, (commonly Portland cement) and

(ii)

other cementations materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate water, and chemical admixtures.

(iii)

Foundation: It is necessary to provide a bed of lean concrete under the main walls. The load of super structure is distributed by foundation to the ground. Masonry in foundation: Load bearing wall type of construction can have walls made out of bricks or stone. Hence specifications for these items of work comprise of brick masonry in cement mortar. Filling in plinth:- Back filling of earth of done till the plinth level. This prevents the surrounding water to entre in the building because the plinth level is quiet higher than that of the ground level. Damp proof course (DPC): Damp proof course is provided at plinth level of the building check the rise of moisture from ground to super structure. The specifications for this item of work depend upon the intensity of rainfall in the area, the depth of sub-soil water-table and quality. For this work 35 mm thick cement concrete M15 is provided. Flooring : flooring is provided to have a hard, durable smooth, easy to clean, impervious and dust free surface and the materials used in flooring should be strong enough to resist its wear and tear that take place during used. It is normally to provide a layer of base concrete under ground floor over 15 cm layer of sand over earth filling in plinth. Masonry work in super structure:- The outer walls of 230mm thickness and the inner walls of 115mm are

(iv)

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

(viii)

constructed to provide privacy, safety and strength to the structure along with providing the real look to building. (ix) Doors and windows: Doors are provided to perform the function of access to a building and for intercommunication between different rooms. Generally normal height of door is 2100mm and width is 900mm for residential building.

(x)

Roof: Depending upon the climatic conditions, building can have a sloping roof or a flat roof. Flat roof can be in the form of cast in situ RCC slabs or precast units having minimum thickness 100 mm. Plaster: - Coating of the fare faced wall by the 12mm thick mortar of cement and sand, and rough faced walls by 20mm thick mortar.

(xi)

(xii)

White washing: - Washing of plastered walls by the proper mixture of the lime and water is done to provide the base for the paints which is supposed to be used in the building.

S.no Operation 1 Survey, Design and Layout 2 Construction of foundation 3 construction of boundary wall 4 Construction of super structure 5 Roofing 6 Flooring 7 Fixing of doors and windows frame 8 Plastering 9 Carpentry work 10 White washing of walls and painting

Time (in days) 3 5 3 11 5 2 4 4 4 3

BAR CHART
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

S. no. Description of activity Survey design and layout Construction of foundation construction of boundary wall Construction of super structure Roofing Fixing of doors and windows frame

Plastering

Flooring Carpentry work White washing and painting

10

Surveying

A Survey is an inspection of an area where work is proposed, to gather information for a design or an estimate to complete the initial tasks required for an outdoor activity. It can determine a precise location, access, best orientation for the site and the location of obstacles. The type of site survey and the best practices required depend on the nature of the project. Examples of projects requiring a preliminary site survey include urban construction, specialized construction (such as the location for a telescope) and wireless network design.

design

1. Design of wall foundation

Let us assuming that Angle of repose of soil = 30* Bearing capacity of soil = 160 KN/2 Unit weight of soil = 16.8 KN/2 Height of wall above the ground level H = height of wall above the plinth + plinth height from ground level = 3+ 0.45 = 3.45 m Over all depth of roof slab D = 150 mm Live load on roof slab = 2000N/2 = 2 KN/2

2- Depth of foundation
By Ramekins formula , D = p/y (1- sin)^2 (1-sin)^2

Here , D = 160/16.8 ( 1- sin 30) ^2 ( 1- sin30) ^2 D = 1.06 m = 1.10 m (say) Hence adopt depth of foundation = 1.10 m

3- Load calculation
Self weight of wall per metre = L BH = 10.33.4519.2 = 17.28 KN/m Width of foundation = 2t + 30 = 230 + 30 = 90 cm = 0.9 m

4-

Design of roof slab

Size of room = 4.0 m 3.5 m (clear inside dimension) Thickness of wall supporting slab = 300 mm = 0.3 00 m Live load on roof slab = 2000KN/2 The slab is simply supported on all four sides with corners not held down. Using M15 grade of concrete and mild steel Fe415. Design constants For M15 grade of concrete and Fe 415 grade reinforcement Then, fck = 5 N /m2 Fst = 140 N/m2 , m =19

Neutral axis factor , k = x d = (m fckd) (mfck + fst) k = (195) (195 + 140) = 0.404 Hence k = 0.404 Lever arm factor , j = (1- k)3 j = (1- 0.404) 3 = 0.065

j = 0.065
Coefficient of moment of resistance, R = ( fck j k )2 R = (50.8650.404)2

R = 0.874
Let , Over all depth of slab = 150 mm Assuming , 10mm dia. Main bars and 15 mm clear cover Hence , Effective depth of slab, d = overall depth clear cover 0.5 dia. of main bars = 150 0.5 10 = 130 mm Effective depth , d = 130 mm Length of room = width of room L = 8 , B = 3.5 Hence , L/B = 4/3.5 = 1.1228 < 2 Therefore slab will be designed as two way slab and effective span shall be smaller of the following 1. (a) Centre to centre bearing = 4000 + 300/2 = 4150 mm = 4.150 m (b) Clear span + effective depth = 4000 + 130 = 4130 mm = 4.130 m 2. (a) Centre to centre bearing = 3500 + 300/2 = 3650 mm

= 3.650m (b) Clear span + effective depth = 3500 + 130 = 3630 mm = 3.630 m Hence, effective span lx (shorter) = 3.630 m Effective span ly (longer) = 4.130 m

Effective span = 3.630 m

Load calculations 1.
(a) Due to self weight of 150 mm thick slab = 0.15 25000 = 3750 N/2 (b) Weight of 100 mm thick lime concrete = 0.100 19200 = 1920 N/2 2. Live load = 2000 N/2 Hence , total load = 3750 + 1920 + 2000 = 7670 N = 7.670 KN Total load = 7670 N

By Ramkines formula
(A) Weight on shorter span Wb = ( L^4 W) ( L^4 + B^4 ) = (4.130^4) 7670 (4.130^4 + 3.630^4) = 4803.38 N (B) Weight on longer span, Wl = W Wb = 7670 4803 Wl = 2867 N

Bending moment

(a)

Maximum bending moment on shorter span, Mb = (Wb B^2) 8 = 4803 (3.630)^2 8 = 7911.08 N-m

Bending moment = 7911081 N-mm

(b) Maximum bending moment on longer span, Ml = ( Wl L^2)/8 = 2867 (4.130^4) / 8 = 6112.76 N-m

Bending moment = 6112760 N-mm Thickness of slab d = ( (moment of resistance ) ( 0.874 1000))^0.5
d = ( ( 7911081) ( 0.874 1000))^0.5 = 95.13 mm d = 100 mm (say) < 130 mm Therefore overall depth of slab = 150 mm and effective depth of slab = 130 mm

Area of reinforcement along shorter span, = (Moment of resistance ) (fst j d)

= ( 7911081) ( 140 0.865 130 ) = 502 mm^2 By using 10 mm of main steel bars Area of one bar , Ast = ( d^2) 4 = ( 10^2 ) 4 = 78. 5 mm^2 And spacing = ( 1000 78.5) 502 = 156.37 mm = 150 mm (say) Hence , provide 10 mm diameter bars @ 150 C/C , Bend up alternate bar at L/7 = 3.630 / 7 = 0.518 mm = 520 mm from the centre of bars.

Area of reinforcement along the span (Ly) perpendicular to the above span
Ast = ( Moment of resistance) { j (d d ) st } = (6112760) { 0.865 ( 130 10) 140 } = 420 mm^2 Centre to centre spacing of 10 mm diameter bars = (78.51000) 420 = 187 mm This should not be more than 3d or 300 mm , so 3 120 = 360 , or 300mm, Therefore centre to centre spacing = 190 mm Bendup alternate bars @ L /7 = (4.130) 7 = 590 mm Actual area of provided , Ast = (1000 78.54) 300 = 261.08m 2

Check 1. Shear force for shorter span

Vb = (W B) 3 = (7670 3.630 ) 3 = 9280 N 2. Shear force for longer span Vl = [ L B ] W B [ 2 + ( L B ) ] = [4.130 3.630] 7670 3.630 [ 2 + (4.130 3.630) ] = 10091.31 N Hence , = V ( b d ) = 10091 (1000 130) = 0.077 N /mm^2

= 0.077 N/mm^2
The permissible shear stress * for M15 grade concrete ; P = (100Ast) (b d) = (100 261.08) (1000130) = 0.21%

And for slab 150 mm over all depth , from table = k * = 1.30 0.21 = 0.273 N/2 But 0.273 > 0.077 ; hence safe .

Check for development length

1. Considering , shorter span M1 = (fst Ast x j d) 2 = 140 502 0.865 130 = 3951443 N-mm M1 = 3.95 10 ^6 N-mm

So,
Development length Ld [ 1.3 (M1/V) + Lo ] Anchorage length, Hence, Lo = 130 mm will be taken. Development length = ( fst ) ( 4 *) = (10 140) (4 0.6) = 583 mm Ld = 583 mm [ 1.3 (M1/V) + Lo ] = [ 1.3 ( 3.9510^6) 9280 ] + 130 = 683 mm Since M1 / V + Lo Ld 58 683 = 683/ 58 = 11.78 mm = 12mm (say) But dia. of main bar is 10 , so bars safe in development. Lo = 12 or d (max.) = 12 10 or 130 mm = 130 mm

2. Considering longer span of slab

M1 = (fst Ast y z) 2 = (140 420 0.865 130) 2 = 3.3 10^6 N-m Ld = 583 mm 1.3 M1 + Lo = 1.3 (3.3 10^6 100.91) + 130 = 555 mm Now , 58 = 555 mm = 9.58 mm (say = 10 mm) Since used bars are also 10 mm , so , bars are safe.

METHOD OF ESTIMATION

METHOD OF ESTIMATION

Centre Line Method

Long Wall and Short Wall

Crossing Method

Long wall short wall method

Length of long wall 1 =c/c length + width of step

Length of short wall 2 =c/c length -width of step

1- Excavation work
Measurements Description of work No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Earth work (boundary walls) Long wall 2 2 Short wall Earth work (inner walls) 4 Long wall 3 Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall 1 2 1

50.67 28.87

0.90 0.90

0.75 68.40 3 0.75 38.97 3

49.77+0.9 = 50.67 m 29.77 0.9 = 28.87 m

18.37 14.71 12.6 7.05 18.54

0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.6

0.60 26.45 3 0.60 15.88 3 0.60 4.53 3 0.60 5.07 3 0.60 6.67 3

17.77 +0.6 = 18.39 m 15.31 0.6 = 14.71 m 12 + .6 =12.60m 7.65 0.6 = 7.05m

Total

166 3

2-

P.C.C. WORK IN FOUNDATION

Measurements Description of work No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

P.C.C. (boundary walls) Long wall Short wall P.C.C. (inner walls)

2 2

50.67 28.87

0.90 0.90

0.30 0.30

27.36 3 15.58 3

4 Long wall 3 Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall Total 1 2 1

18.37 14.71 12.6 7.05 18.54

0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.6

0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15

6.61 3 3.97 3 1.14 3 1.26 3 1.67 3 57.6 3

3-

BRICK MASSONARY IN FOUNDATION Measurements quantity remark

Description of work

No.

L (m)

B (m)

h/d

1ST STEP Long wall

2 2

50.34 29.20 18.17 14.91 12.40 7.25 18.54

0.57 0.57 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40

0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15

11.26 3 4.99 3 4.36 3 2.68 3 0.74 3 0.87 3 1.12 3

Short wall 4 Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall 2ND STEP Long wall 2 2 Short wall 4 Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall 3ND STEP Long wall 2 50.12 0.35 0.40 14.943 3 1 2 1 18.09 15.01 12.30 7.35 18.54 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.07 5 0.07 5 0.07 5 0.07 5 0.07 5 1.62 3 1.01 3 0.276 3 0.331 3 0.413 50.23 29.31 0.46 0.46 0.30 0.30 13.86 3 8.10 3 3 1 2 1

49.77 +0.57 = 50.34 m 29.77- 0.57 = 29.20m 17.76 +.4 = 18.17m 15.31-0.4 =14.91m 12+.4 =12.4m 7.65-0.4 = 7.25m 49.77 +0.46 = 50.23 m 29.77- 0.46 = 29.31m 17.76 +.3 = 18.09m 15.31-0.3 =15.01m 12+.3 =12.3m 7.65-0.3= 7.35m

49.77 +0.35 = 50.12 m

2 Short wall 4 Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall TOTAL 3 1 2 1

29.42 17.96 15.11 12.20 7.45 18.54

0.35 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

0.40 0.62 5 0.62 5 0.62 5 0.62 5 0.62 5

8.23 3 8.98 3 5.66 3 1.525 3 1.86 3 2.1383 94.333

29.77- 0.35 = 29.42m 17.76 +.2 = 17.96m 15.31-0.2 =15.11m 12+.2 =12.2m 7.65-0.2= 7.45m

4-

D.P.C. WORK
Measurements No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Description of work

Long wall Short wall

2 2 4

50.12 29.42 17.96

0.35 0.35 0.20

-------------

35.082 20.592 14.372

Long wall

Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall TOTAL

3 1 2 1

15.11 12.20 7.45 18.54

0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

-----------------

9.062 2.442 2.982 3.702 88.247 2

5-

MASSONARY WORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE

Measurements No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Description of work

Long wall

2 2

50.0 29.54 17.65 15.19 12.11 5 7.353 18.54

0.23 0.23 0.11 5 0.11 5 0.11 5 0.11 5 0.11 5

3.0 3.0 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75

69.003 40.76 3 38.57 3 24.90 3 6.618 3 8.232 3 10.123 198.217 3

Short wall 4 Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall TOTAL 3 1 2 1

49.77 +0.23 = 50.0 m 29.77- 0.23 = 29.54m 17.76 +..115 = 17.65m 15.310.115=1 5.19m 12+.115 =12.115m 7.65-0.115= 7.535m

6-

R.C.C. WORK
Measurements No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Description of work

RCC WORK

18.62

15.8

0.10

29.485

L= 17.76+.30+.3 +.23= 18.626

B= 15+.23+.23+. 23= 15.83

7-

STEEL ROOF TRUSS

6 @880 Kg/truss with Purling and 5280 Kg accessories

STEEL IN ROOF TRUSS

8-

PLASTER WORK
Measurements No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Description of work

Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Long wall Short wall Other wall TOTAL

4 2 4 3 1 2 1

50.0 29.54 17.65 15.19 12.11 5 7.353 18.54

------------------------------------

3.0 3.0 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75

6002 354.48 2 670.85 2 4332 115.09 2 139.39 2 176.13 2 2488.97 2

9-

FLOORING WITH TERA COTA STONE

Measurements No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

Description of work

L = 50.0-

FLOOR AREA

----- 49.54

29.5 4

------

1463.41 2

2X.23 = 49.54m B = 30 2X.23= 29.54 m

No. Of terracotta @0.362 /stone

1463.41/0.36= 4065 Nos.

10- DEDUCTIONS
Measurements Description of work No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

DOOR (D1) DOOR (D2) DOOR (D3) DOOR (D4) DOOR (D5) VENTILATOR(V1) TOTAL

2 4 1 1 1 1

0.70 0.90 2 3 2 0.6

0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23

2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.10 0.6

0.6763 1.7393 0.9663 1.4493 0.9663 0.0833 5.8793

11- SKIRTING AND DADO

Measurements Description of work No. L (m) B (m) h/d quantity remark

SKIRTING

----- 158.1 6

------ 0.20

31.632

2x(49.54+29. 54)=158.16m

DADO TOTAL

18

------ 1.50

542 85.632

4x(3+6)=18m

12- TOTAL MASSONARY WORK

T. MASSONARY WORK 94.339 5.879 = 88.963

13- TOTAL NO. OF TERA COTTA STONE

T. NO. STONE
@0.362 /stone

88.96/0.36 =247.11

14- NO. OF ASBESTOR SHEET NEEDED

T. NO. ASBESTOS SHEET
@3.152 /sheet

453.846/3.15 = 144.07

MATERIAL COST
S. N0.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Items
Cement L.Sand C.Sand Bricks Grit Steel Asbestos sheet

quantity
770 bags
77 m3 29 m3 4100 27

Rate (Rs.)
350/bag 1000/m3 2100/ m3 5000/1000bricks 2200/ m3 45/ Kg

Cost (Rs.)
269500 77000 60900 20500 59400 237600

5280 Kg 145 sheet

Total material cost in Rs.

Rs. /-

LABOUR COST

S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Items Earth work P.C.C. Flouring Brick work Staging for brick work Shuttering (slab) Plastering 15mm

Quantity 166 m3
57.6
3

Rate 70/ m3 320/ m3 65/2 530/ m3 16/2 130/2 35/2 42/2 510/ m3

Cost (Rs.) 11620 18432 100904.05 46883.8 39823.52 49169.69 87113.95 104536.74 15037.35 473521.10

1552.37 2 88.46 m3
2488.972

378.222
2488.972
2

12mm 2488.97 29.485 R.C.C. Total

COST OF PROJECT

Total cost of project

Total civil works = Rs. 1182954.97 Adding (a). 20% of civil work for necessary (electric, water,supply, sanitary fittings ) = Rs. 236590.97 (b). 0.5% of civil work for survey work = Rs. 5913.27 (c). 4% of civil work for internal road = Rs. 47318.19 (d). 2% of civil work for work charge establishment = Rs. 23659.86 (e). 3% of civil work for contingencies = Rs. 35488.64 (f). 10% of civil work for contractor profit = Rs. 118295.50

Net total cost = Rs. 1650220.62

(only