CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE

NEWDELHI

SYLLABUS & SCHEME OF STUDY

OF

SIDDHA MARUTHUVA ARIGNAR

(BACHELOR OF SIDDHA MEDICINE & SURGERY)

B.S.M.S.

FIRST PROFESSIONAL B.S.M.S.

DURATION 18 MONTHS

Subjects & Syllabus

Sl No

Subject

1.

2.
3.

Siddha Maruthuva Adipadai Thathuvangalum Varalarum Tamil Language (Where ever applicable) Uyir Vedhiyal

4. 5. 6. 7.

Udal Koorugal I Udal Thathuvam I UdalKoorugal II Udal Thathuvam II

SYLLABUS FOR FIRST PROFESSIONAL B.S.M.S.

SIDDHA MARUTHUVA ADIPPADAI THATHUVANGALUM VARALARUM (HISTORY & FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF SIDDHA MEDICINE) I. Determination of visible and in-visible things (Porul Nirnayam). Siddhantam, vedantam and other philosophical concepts of Porul Nirnayam i.e. Arusamyam and their literatures. II. Three primordial and eternal entities and their siddhantic theories (Pathi, Pasu, Pasam). (1) Pathi (Almighty) (a) Definition and description of pathi, existence of pathi based on Epistemology (Alavai). (b) Nine divine manifestations of pathi (Thirumenikal). i.e. 1) Sivam 2) Sakthi 3) Natham 4) Vindhu 5) Sadasivam 6) Maheswaran 7) Ayan 8) Ari 9) Aran. (c) Five divine powers of pathi:1) Parasakthi 2) Aadhisakthi 3) Gnana Sakthi 4) Itcha Sakthi 5) Kriyasakthi (d) Study of cosmic play (Thirukoothu). (2) Pasu (Soul) Definition and description of pasu i.e. distinction between pathi and pasu three kinds of soul seven kinds of creation four kinds of birth Tholkappiyers classification based on senses. (3) Pasam (Bondages) Definition, description and classification. i.e. Aanavam, Kanmam, Mayai, Mayeyam and Trodanam - Classification of Maya. 1) Sutha Maya : (Siva thathuvam) 5 Pure evolutes of Mayai Sivam Sakthi Sadasivam Easwaram Sudhavidhai. 2) Asutha Mayai : (Viddya thathuvam) 7 Impure evolutes of mayai Kalam Niyathi Kalai Aragam Viddhai Purudan Mayai 3) Prakruthi Mayai : (Aanma thathuvam) 24 peculiar properties of soul Thanmathiras 5 Bootham 5 Gnanendriyam 5 Kanmendriyam 5 Anthakaranam 4.

III.

Deekai (Initiation towards the highest goal of life) a) Samaya Deekai b) Vishesha Deekai c) Niruvana Deekai

IV.

Siddha Markankal (Ways to attain Salvation) 1. Sarya 2) Kriya 3) Yoga 4) Gnana

V.

Epistemology (Alavai) 10 types. 1) Perception (kandal), 2) Inference (Karuthal), 3) Testimony (Urai), 4) Non-existence (Abavam), 5) Deduction (Porul), 6) Analogy (Oppu), 7) Inference by exception (Ozhibu), 8) Co-existence (Unmai), 9) Tradition (Iytheekam), 10) Natural inference (Iyalbu).

VI.

Different schools of thought regarding the creation of universe Relation between macrocosm and microcosm (Andathil Ullathe Pindam).

VII. Five element theory (Iymbootha kolgai) Creation of five elements Properties of five elements five fold combination and its description (Panchabootha Panchikaranam) application of five element theory in Siddha treatment aspect. VIII. 96 Fundamental principles (Thathuvas) and its different concepts i.e. Sivaprakasa Kattalai Thiruvalavai kattalai Siddhanta Kattalai Vedantha kattalai Thathuva Deepikai Yugimunis concept. Bootham 5 (five elements) Pori 5 (Sense organs) Pulan 5 (Perception by the sense organs) Karmendriyam 5 (Motor organs) Gnanendriyam (The discriminative powers of five senses) Karanam 4 (four intellectual faculties) Arivu 1 (Wisdom of Self realization) Nadi 10 ( Vital channel) Vayu 10 (Vital forces) Aasayam 5 (Visceral cavities) Kosam 5 (five sheeths) Aatharam 6 (Six vital centres), Mandalam 3 (Three regions) malam 3 (Three impurities of soul) Thodam 3 (Three life factors) Eadanai 3 (Three worldly attachments) Gunam 3 (Three cosmic qualities) Vinai 2 (Acts) Ragam 8 (Eight passions) Avasthai 5 (Five states of consciousness). IX. Theory of Life factors (Uyir thathukkal) Vali, Azhal and Iyam Predominant locations Properties Physiological functions Abnormal functions Increased and decreased features Classifications temperament (Tegi). X. Seven physical constituents (Udal kattukal) Saram (Primary nourishing juice) chenneer (blood) Oon (muscle) - Kozhuppu (fat) Enbu (Bone) - Moolai (Bone marrow and nevous tissue) Suckilam/ Suronitham (Sperm/Ovum). scription about 7 physical constituents i.e. Normal function increased and decreased features. 4

XI.

Five basic properties of drug Suvai (Taste) Gunam (Properties) Veeryam (Potency) Vibavam (Post absorptive tastes) Prabhavam (Specific action) Taste relations with five elements features of imbalanced intake of six tastes.

XII. Definition and description of the following:Pathiyam (prescribed regimen) Pattini (fasting therapy) Patru (Plaster) Thokkanam (Physical manipulation) Otradam (Foementation) Rasavatham (Alchemy) Muppu (Siddhars vital substance) Kayakalpam (Science of Rejuvenation) Bethi maruthuvam (Purgative therapy) Vanthi maruthuvam (Emetic therapy) Vethu (Steam or atmotherapy) Idumarunthu (Philters) Nanju (Poisons) Vehangal (Natural urges) Oppurai, Ethiruai, Kalappurai (Synergetic, Anatagonistic, Mixed Principles of treatment) XIII. History of Tamil Nadu including three Tamil Academies. XIV. History of Siddhars:Agasthiyar Thirumoolar Therayar Yugimuni Bohar Sattamuni Nandhidevar Ramadevar Dhanvanthri Konganavar Karuvoorar Kalanginadhar Pulippani Pampatti Siddhar Macchamuni Romarishi Korakkar Idaikadar Sundaranandhar Thiruvalluvar Agaipei Siddhar Kuthambai Siddhar Sivavakkiar Azhuganni Siddhar Pulathiar. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15)

XV. Eight kinds of supernatural (Divine) powers Atomising (Anima), Expansion(Mahima), Lightness (Lahima), Heaviness (Karima), Achievment (Propthi), Obtaining desired things(Prahamiyam), attracting power (Vasithuvam), Attainment of salvation ( Esathuvam) XVI. Eight Stages of Yoga (Astanga Yogam) Iyamam Niyamam Asanam Pranayamam Prathiyakaram Dharanai Dhiyanam Samadhi. 1. Purity of mind (Iyamam), Purity of action (Niyamam), Postures (Asanam), Breathing exercise (Pranayamam), Sense withdrawal (Prathyakaram), Concentration (Dharanai), Contemplation (Meditation) (Dhyanam), Ecstasy (Samathi) XVII. Qualities of a good Physician. 5

Reference Books 1. Thotrakirama Aaraichiyum, Siddha Maruthuva Varalarum By Dr.Uttamarayan H.P.I.M. 2. Siddha Maruthuvanga Churukkam - By Dr.Uttamarayan H.P.I.M.

1. Rt\ Rt\dWU BWnfm, jR UjY YWXm

I.

AY, AY, EY Ts oQVm

Ts oQVju jRkR, YRkR Utm RjYd LhTLs ie. A NUVeLm, CXdVeLU.

II.

u Rt ThLm, jRkR [dLeLm. (T, T, TNm) T

T CVp [dLm, A[Y Xm TV jRp Tu JuT ULs. 1. Ym 2. Nd 3. SRm 4. k 5. NRYm 6. ULxYWm 7. AVu 8. A 9. AWu Tu Ik RnL NdLs (A[t\p) 1. TWNd 2. BNd 3. O]Nd 4. CfNNd 5. V Nd dj

1.
a) b)

c) d)

2.

T
TCVp [dLm T T YTLs, BuUu u Ls GYL Rt\m, SpYLl \l RpLlVu YLlT

3.

TNm
TNCVp [dLm, YLLs BQYm, LuUm, UV, UVVm, WR]m UVu Ls jR UV (Y RjYm) 5 Ym Nd NRYm DvYWm jRjR AjR UV (jV RjYm) 7 LXm V LX BWLm jR Pu UV W UV (BuU RjYm) 24 RuUjW 5, Rm 5, O]kVm 5, LuUkVm 5, AkRLWQm 4.

1. 2. 3.

III.

dL
a) NUV dL b) NN dL c) YQ dL

IV.

jR UodLeLs
NV, V, VLm, O]m

V.

A[Y 10 YLLs
7

1. LiPp 6. Jl
VI.

2. LRp 7. J

3. EW 8. EiU

4. ATYm 9. ILm

5. Ts 10. CVp

EXLj Rt\ Rt\dWU BWnfVd jR LsLLs

AiPjtm, iPjtm Es[ RPo (AiPjs[R iPm)

VII.

ImRd LsL
ImReLu Rt\m, ImReLu QeLs, TgN R TgLWQm,

VIII. Rit\ Rit\ AlTPj RjYeLm, LhTLm

YlLNd LhP[, YXYn LhP[ jRkR LhP[, YRkR LhP[, RjY L, LsL. Rm 5, T 5, Xu 5, LuUkVm 5, O]kVm 5, LWQm 4, A 1, S 10, Y 10, BNVm 5, LNm 5, BRWm 6, UiPXm 3, UXm 3, RPm 3, HPQ 3, Qm 3, ] 2, WLm 8, AYvR 5.
IX.

Eo RdLs dt\ dt\ CVp

Y, AZp, _Vm Ym CPm CVtLlTi Rp RuX YtX Y[ofLs , \ QeLs YLLs R CXdLQm.

X.

H EPt RdLs
NWm, Nko, Fu, Ll, Gu, [, dXm/LWRm H EPtRdLu CVtL RpLs, , \ QeLs.

XI.

Uku AlTPl TiLs

Y, Qm, Vm, TYm (), WTYm (UU) AYLdm, ImReLd s[ RPo, B YLu , \ QeLs.

XII.

Z LiTYtu YWV\ YWV\m, [dL EWm

TjVm Th Tt RdLQm Jt\Pm CWNYRm l LV LpTm T UjYm Yk UjYm Y
8

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13. 14. 15.

C Uk Sg T]u YLeLs JlW GW LXlW

XIII. Rr Shu YWXm Utm Rp, CP, LPf NeLeLm NeLeLm. m. XIV. jRoLu YWX

ALvVo, Xo, RWVo, , TLo, NhP, Sk RYo, CWURYo, RuYk, LeLQYo, LWo, LXe SRo, lT, TmTh jRo, UfN], WU, LWdLo, CPdLPo, kRW]kRo, YsYo, ALlTn jRo, RmT jRo, YYdVo, ALi jRo, XjVo,
XV.

GiTm jLs AU, UU, XU, LU, Wl, WLVm, YjYm, DNjYm. CVUm VUm BN]m WQVUm WjVLWm RWQ V]m NU.

XVI. VLeLs VLeLs 8

XVII. UjYu CXdLQm

Reference Books

1. Rt\dWU BWnfU jR UjY YWXm By. Dr. L.. EjRUWVu HPIM 2. jR UjYeLf dLm By. Dr. L.. EjRUWVu, HPIM

(2) TAMIL LANGUAGE (Wherever applicable)

Objective: To aquire knowledge to understand the contents that are available in classical Tamil siddha literature. COURSE CONTENT AND SYLLABUS Unit : 1 - Exercises and drills in the spoken and written variety a) b) c) Alphabets in Tamil An intensive course in Tamil, CIIL MYSORE by Dr.S. Rajaram Subhramanian V.I. & Veeraswamy T.V., 1973, Intensive course in Tamil, Dravidian Linguistics Association, Thumba, Trivandrum. Unit : 2 - Exercise for Pronunciation a) b) Tamil alphabets Classification Special features Maththirai (Syllabi) Tamil Words Loan words its written form common words in Tamil and Regional language(viz. Malayalam) Unit :3 - Formation of words and sentences and study of Basic grammer on the functional level a) Chol (word) Peyar (Name), Vinai (Verb), Idai (clitics) etc.(Peyar (Name) Gender, number & case; Vinai (Verb)- Kaalam (Tense) Orumai (Singular), Panmai (Plural) b) Thodar (syntax)/Vaakkiyam (Sentence), Kaalam (Tense), Orumai (Singular), Panmai (Plural), Ezhuvaai (Subject), Payanilai (Predicate), Cheyappaduporul (Object). (It is to understand the language structure). c) Selected Tamil Proverbs (10)

Unit :4 - Study of selected prose and poetry in Tamil and Siddha literature POETRY (Poems selected only for reading meaningfully and for memorising) a) Name of the book : Malarum maalaiyum Author Title : Kavimani : Pasuvum kantrum

Lines

: Thottathil meythu .kantrukkuty. (2 stanzas)

10

b) Pieces from Folk songs (Tamil) 1) Padaku 2) Elelankadi Elelo

c)

Name of the book : Author Title Lines : : :

Bhaarathiyaar kavithaikal Subramaniya Bhaarathiyaar Paappaa paattu Odi vilayadu pappa ... Vazhakkappaduthikkollu pappa (6 stanzas)

d)

Title Author

: Kontrai venthan (15 Lines) : Auvaiyaar : Thirukkural : Thiruvalluvar : Marunthu Athikaram (10 verses)

e)

Name of the book Author Title

f)

Name of the book Lines

: Maruthuva vatha yoga gnana satthiram : Aathikaalathilae thillayilae .. .chernthaner emaikkaakavae

g)

Name of the book Lines

: Yugi chinthaamani : Uruthiyam poothathi . uraikkak kelae

h)

Name of the book Author Lines

: Chithar Padalkal : Kovinthan : Thunaichiru..(27) Ettumalai.. (28)

j)

Name of the book Author Title

: Thirumanthiram : Thirumoolar : Marunthu : Maruppathu udal noi. ....marunthenalamae

k)

Name of the book Author Title Lines

: Siddha Maruthuva Chirappu : Dr. R. Thiagarajan : Ashtanka yokam : Eyama . .maavathumaame l) l)

Name of the book

: Siddha Maruthuvaanka Churukkam 11

Author Title

: Dr. C.S. Uthamarayan H.P.I.M. : Udal Aimpoothakkoorupaattaiyum Udaiyathu Enal.

Lines

: Paarappa. Lapamatha Mohamacham

m)

Name of the book Author Title Lines

: Siddha maruthuvanka churukkam : Dr. C.S. Uthamarayan H.P.I.M. : Iympootham Arusuvai thodarpu : Mannudane . .uraittha maraiye

n)

Name of the book Author Title Lines

: Siddha maruthuvanka churukkam : Dr. C.S. Uthamarayan H.P.I.M. : Pathinaanku Vethankal : Pathinaanku.. : .swasamaame

PROSE a) Name of the book Author Chapter b) Name of the book Chapter Author c) Name of the book Author Chapter : : : : : : : : : Siddharkal charithram Chollin selvan Brahmamuni, Korakkar Lemuria allathu Kumari Kandam Kumari nadu pattriya Tamil nool kurippukal Panmozhi pulavar K.Appathurai. Pattukkottai Kaliyana Sundaram Padalkal KunRakkudi Adikalaar Preface of Pattukkottai kaliyana Sundaram Padalkal d) Name of the book : Nalla Theerppu (An eloquent speech of C.N. Anna Durai) Unit : 5 Study of History of siddha medicine Selected portion from the Siddha literature. Topics:- Siddharkal enpor yaar?- Pathinen Siddharkal Navanaatha Siddharkal Siddha Maruthuvathin Chirappukkal Siddha Maruthuva Varalaru in brief Iyankum Porudkalum Iyankaa Porudkalum.(who are Siddhars; Eighteen Siddhars Navanatha Siddhars The importance of Siddha medical practices- Brief history of Siddha medical practices movable and immovable things)

12

References:a) b) c) d) e) Thottakkirama aaraichiyum maruthuva varalaarum Dr. Uthamarayan Siddha maruthuvanga churukkam Dr. Uthamarayan Siddha vaidhya thirattu.Compiled by Dr. Uthamarayan Pathinen siddhargal varalarum Padaitha noolgalum C.S. Murugesan Siddhargal, Thamarai noolagam, Chennai - 26

Unit : 6 Exercises in narration / description of a story or an event in a paragraph. Unit : 7 Translation from Tamil to Regional language or English and Vice versa. Note: Internal Oral Test to be conducted at the end of the course.

13

3.

UYIR VEDIYAL (BIOCHEMISTRY)

1. Chemistry of Carbohydrates: Classification of Carbohydrates, Chemistry and Physiological significance of monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, mucopolysaccharides. (simple treatment). 2. Chemisty of Lipids: Classification of Lipids, nature of fatty acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, lipo proteins and sterol. (simple treatment) 3. Chemistry of proteins: Classification of amino acids, and proteins. Chemistry of amino acids and proteins, (simple treatment including basic information on structure of proteins). 4. Enzymes: Classification, active site, factors affecting enzyme action, enzyme inhibition, regulation, isoenzymes. 5. Biological oxidation including respiratory chain: Mitochondria, high energy compunds, substrate linked and oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain, ATP-ADP cycle (Simple treatment). 6. Digestion and absorption of carbohydrate, protein and lipids, including functions of bile salts. 7. Metabolism of carbohydrate: Introduction to metabolism (general) Glycolysis, TCA cycle, HMP shunt pathway, uronic acid pathway, glycogen metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. (only energy yield, pathways and disorders) 8. Metabolism of proteins: Urea cycle and Metabolism of important individual amino acids, (Glycine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Methionine). Transamination and deamination. Disorders of protein and amino acid metabolism. (Basic information) 9. Metabolism of Lipids: - oxidation and oxidation of odd chain fatty acids, Biosynthesis of fatty acids, Triglycerides and Phospholipids, Biologically important compounds derived from cholestrol, ketone bodies, importance of lipoprotein, Disorders of lipid metabolism( Basic information). Integration of metabolism (general)

14

10. Metabolism of purine and pyrimidine. Formation of purine & Pyrimidine nucleotides, deoxy derivatives, catabolism and major disorders. 11. Basic Structure of RNA and DNA, classification of RNA, essentials in the biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins. Principles & applications of genetics, human genome, genetic engineering and bioinformatics (Basic information). 12. Chemistry and metabolism of porphyrin and hemoglobin. Formation of heme and different heamoglobin, catabolism of hemoglobinopathies and porphyrias. 13. Detoxification. (simple treatment) 14. Vitamins - Water and fat soluble vitamins - chemical nature, functions and disorders. 15. Hormones and prostaglandins. Classification and chemical nature of hormones and prostaglandins, biochemical functions and disorders. 16. Minerals: Macro elements - Ca, P, Mg, Na+, Cl-, K+ Micro elements - Fe, I, Cu, Se, Zn, Co, Mn., F, S. basic information on functions and disorders. 17. Water and electrolite balance. (simple treatment) 18. Functions of Plasma proteins, immunoglobulins and complement system (Chemical nature and function). Clinically important enzymes SGOT, SGPT, CPK, LDH, Acid & Alkaline phosphatases. 19. Energy and Nutrition (Basic information) 20. Biochemistry of cancer and AIDS. ( basic information.) 21. Principle and applications of Renal gastric thyroid and liver-functions. Book Reference 1. Bio Chemistry By Dr. U. Sathyanarayana Second revised Edition 2002 2. Harpers Illustrated Bio Chemistry 26th Edition 2003. 15

heme, disorders,

3. Fundamentals of Bio-chemistry for Medical Students By. Dr. Ambika Shanmugham 7th Edition (2001) PRACTICAL Quantitative Analysis I. Reactions of carbohydrate 1. Reactions of Monosaccharides 2. Reactions of Disaccharides 3. Reactions of Polysaccharides II. Reactions of Protein 1. Reactions of Albumin 2. Reactions of Peptone III. IV. Reactions of Normal Urine. Analysis of abnormal urine.

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Estimation of Blood Sugar. Estimation of serum total protein Estimation of serum cholesterol Estimation of serum triglycerides Estimation of serum urea Estimation of serum uric acid Estimation of serum creatinine Estimation of serum bilirubin Estimation of serum inorganic phosphate Estimation of serum amylase Estimation of SGOT Estimation of SGPT Glucose Tolerance Test with graph (Normal and abnormal)

Foot note : For the convenience in setting question papers a broad division of the syllabus as indicated in the foot note is proposed. PART A Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19 PART B Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 17, 18, 20, 21 16

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Bio-Chemistry by Dr. U. Sathyanarayanan 2007. 2. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry (2009) 3. Fundamentals of Biochemistry by Dr. Ambika Shunmugham. 4. Leninger Principles of Biochemistry 2007 5. Clinical Biochemistry by William J Marshell & Stephen K. Bangert

17

UDAL KOORUGAL PAPER I

I . Cytology and Embryology with applied anatomy: a) The Cell The plasma membrane cytoplasm nucleus & other organelles Cell division Spermato genesis & oogenesis b) First Week of Development Fertilization cleavage of zygote Blastocyte Formation Implantation. c) Second week of Development: Development of the trophoblast Development of the Bilaminar Embryonic Disc Development of the Amnion Development of the Yolk Sac Development of Sinusoids Development of the Extraembryonic coelom Development of the Chorion. d) Third week of Development: Gastrulation Neurulation Development of somites Development of the Intraembryonic coelom Development of the cardiovascular system Development of the chorionic villi and placenta. e) Fourth week of Development : Development of GUT & others f) Fifth through Eighth week of Developments. Development of brain Trunk limbs Development of digits ear eyes external genitals. g) Brief outline about foetal period. h) Inheritance: Definition Genotype and Phenotype Inheritance of dominant recessive Complex and sex linked straits. Red green colour blindness haemophilia and etc. Brief out line about Teratogens.

18

II. HISTOLOGY: ( Types of Tissues and their origins) a) Epithelial Tissue: Covering & Lining epithelium Glandular epithelium. b) Connective Tissue: General features of connective tissue classification of connective tissues types of connective tissues (Loose Dense Cartilage Bone tissue Blood tissue Lymph.) c) Membranes: Epithelial membranes synovial membranes. d) Muscle tissue. e) Nervous tissue f) Tissue repair Ageing and tissues. III. OSTEOLOGY: i) Introduction: General structure of a bone Bone formation Intra membranous ossification Endochondrial ossification Bone growth Factors affecting the bone growth Bones and homeostasis Aging and bone tissue. ii) Types of bones functions of bones skeletal development. iii) Axial Skelton; a) Skull Cranial bones, facial bones, formation of orbit & paranasal sinuses, fontanels Mandible. b) Hyoid bone c) Vertebral column Cervical, thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum & Coccyx ( Typical & atypical vertebrae) d) Thoracic Cage : Sternum ribs (typical & atypical) iv) Appendicular Skeleton: a) Bones of Pectoral girdle Clavicle scapula b) Bones of Upper limb: Humerus Ulna- radius- carpals metacarpals and phalanges. c) Pelvic girdle : Hipbones (ilium ischium pubis)

19

True & false pelvis Comparison between Male and Female pelvis. d) Bones of lower limb : Femur patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals metatarsals and phalanges Arches of foot. IV JOINTS Classification of Joints Bursae and tendon sheaths - Articulation of the axial skelton articulations of the upper extremities Articulations of the lower limbs with applied anatomy. V. MYOLOGY Muscle attachment sites origin insertion lever system leverage Effects of fascicle arrangement coordination with in muscle groups. Detailed study about the following groups of muscles. 1) Muscles of fascial expression Scalp muscles neck muscles mouth muscles orbit and eyebrow muscles. 2) Extrinsic muscles of Eye. 3) Muscles that move the mandible. 4) Muscles that move the tongue. 5) Muscles of the anterior Neck. - Supra hyoid muscles Infra hyoid muscles. 6) Muscles that move the head. 7) Muscles that act on the abdominal wall. 8) Muscles used in breathing. (Including the diaphragm) 9) Muscles of pelvic floor. 10) Muscles of perineum - superficial & deep perineal muscles. 11) Muscles that move the pectoral girdle. (Anterior & posterior thoracic muscles) 12) Muscles that move the humerus Axial muscles scapular muscles. 13) Muscles that move the Radius and ulna. Forearm flexors extensors pronators supinators. 14) Muscles that move the wrist, Hand, thumb and fingers. Superficial anterior Deep anterior (Flexors) Superficial posterior Deep posterior ( Extensors)

20

15) Intrinsic muscles of the Hand. Thenar Hypothenar intermediate muscles. 16) Muscles that move the vertebral column. 17) Muscles that move the Femur. 18) Muscles that act on the Femur, Tibia & ulna Adductor Extensor Flexor compartment of thigh. 19) Muscles that move the foot and Toes Anterior Lateral Superficial posterior Deep posterior compartment of the leg. 20) Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot. Dorsal plantar (First second Third fourth layers) 21) Muscles of back. 22) Gluteal muscles. VI. ANGIOLOGY 1) The heart [Pericardium valves myocardium chambers systemic and pulmonary circulations coronary circulation] 2) The arteries of the body: a) Structure and functions of blood vessels - Arteries Arterioles capillaries venules veins Anastamoses. b) Ascending Aorta Coronary arteries. c) Arch of Aorta & its branches: Brachiocephalic Trunk Rt Common carotid artery Rt.subclavian artery Lt. common carotid artery Lt. subclavian artery. d) Thoracic Aorta and its branches e) Abdominal Aorta and its branches. f) Common iliac artery - External iliac artery - Internal iliac artery & its branches g) Major Arteries of upper limb & its branches i) Axillary artery ii) Brachial artery iii) Radial artery iv) Ulnar artery v) Superficial & deep palmar arch vi) Palmar digital & meta carpal artery vii) Proper palmar digital arteries.

21

h) Major Arteries of Lower limb & its branches. i) Femoral artery ii) Popliteal artery iii) Anterior and Posterior tibial artery iv) Dorsal artery v) Dorsal metatarsal, lateral plantar, medial plantar arteries. vi) Plantar arch vii) Dorsal digital, plantar metatarsal, plantar digital arteries. i) Major arteries of brain & its branches: i) ii) External carotid artery Internal carotid artery

iii) Anterior cerebral artery iv) Middle cerebral artery v) Basilar artery vi) Posterior cerebral artery vii) Vertebral artery 3. Veins of Systemic & Portal circulation of our body a) Systemic circulation: 1) Coronory sinus & its tributaries 2) Superior venacava - & its tributaries 3) Inferior venacava & its tributaries. b) Veins of head & neck 1) Internal jugular veins & its tributaries 2) External jugular veins & its tributaries 3) Vertebral veins & its tributaries. c) Veins of Upper limb: 1) Superficial veins - Cephalic veins - Basilic veins - Median artibrachial veins & their tributaries 2) Deep Veins Radial veins - Ulnar veins - Brachial veins - Axillary veins Subclavian veins & their tributaries.

22

d) Veins of thorax Brachiocephalic vein & its tributaries Azygos system -Azygos hemiazygos accessory hermiazygos veins - & their tributaries. e) Veins of abdomen : - Inferior vena cava formation & - Tributeries of IVC f) Veins of lower limbs: i) Superficial veins - Great saphenous veins - Small saphenous veins and their tributaries. ii) Deep veins - Posterior tibial veins - Anterior tibial veins - Popliteal veins - Femoral veins and their tributaries iii) Veins of foot. g) Veins of Portal circulation: Tributeries of superior mesenteric vein Splenic vein Formation of portal vein sinusoids hepatic veins. h) Foetal blood circulation. VII. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM a) Lymph b) Lymph vessels Capillaries Lacteals Lymph trunks Ducts c) Formation of Lymph & flow of Lymph d) Lymphatic organs and tissues. Thymus Lymph nodes spleen Lymphatic follicles. Inferior mesenteric vein -

23

24

25

26

(6)

UDAL KOORUGAL (ANATOMY) PAPER II

I. NERVOUS SYSTEM The protective coverings of brain CSF Formation & circulation a) Cerebrum:- Hemispheres - Lobes of cerebrum cerebral white matter Basal ganglia limbic system Cerebral cortex areas & functions. b) The diencephalon:Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus Subthalamus. c) Brain stem: Midbrain pons medulla oblongata Reticular formation. d) Cerebellum. e) Cranial nerves: Olfactory Optic Occulomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducent Facial Vestibulochochlear Glosso pharyngeal Vagus Spinal Accessory Hypoglossal nerves. f) Spinal cord & spinal nerves. Coverings of spinal cord plexus formation Detailed study about cervical, brachial, Lumbar, sacral plexus and inter costal nerves. g) Autonomic nervous system Para spinal ganglions Post ganglionic neurons. II RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Nose Nasal cavity- Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi and its branches Pleura Lungs Lobes fissures segments alveoli Blood supply. III DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Oral cavity Teeth Tongue Salivary glands Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum Layers of GI Tract Jejunum ileum Caecum Vermiform appendix Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon Rectum Anal canal Peritoneum Liver gall bladder Bileduct Pancreas. IV URO-GENITAL SYSTEMS: Location Relationship of Kidneys External & Internal features structure of Nephron Ureter Urinary bladder urethra.

Male reproductive System: Scrotum Testis Epididymis Ductus deferens Seminal vesicle The penis prostate gland sperm cell. 27

Female reproductive system: Ovaries Uterine tubes uterus Vagina External genitalia Mammary glands. V. ENDOCRINOLOGY: Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Pituitary gland Adrenal gland. VI. ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSES: Eye Ear Nose Tongue skin. Detailed study of above structures with histology and applied anatomy. Practical : Dissection of whole human dead body. Reference books to be added with existing reference books: 1) Longmans Embryology T.W.Sealder 2) Wheaters functional Histology young B & W 3) Chaurasias Human Anatomy 4) Principles of anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 5) Text book of Anatomy T.S Ranganathan. 6) Grays Anatomy.

28

29

(5) UDAL THATHUVAM PAPER I (SIDDHA PHYSIOLOGY)

1)

Ninety six fundamental principles (Thathuvas) and its details. Five elements (Iymbootham) five sense organs (pori) five senses (pulan) Motor organs (Kanmendryam) Discriminative power of five senses (Gnanandriyam) Four intellectual faculties ( Karanam ) Wisdom of Self realization (Arivu) Ten Vital channels (Dhasa nadi) Ten vital Air (Dhasavayu) five visceral cavities (Asayam) five sheeths ( Kosam) Six vital centres of the Soul (Aatharas) Three regions

(Mandalam) Three impurities of soul (malam), Three humours (Thodam) - Three physical bindings (Edanai) Three cosmic qualities (gunam) - Two acts (Vinai) Eight passions (Ragam) Five states of consciousness (Avathai). 2) Five elements and its medical aspects. Creation of five elements properties five fold combination ( panchikaranam) Manifestation of five elements in our body (panchabootha koorugal (or) Purakaruvikal) Relation between five elements & six tastes Five elements and three humours five elements and seven physical constituents. 3) Development of Embryo according to Siddhars concepts. Role of five elements during fertilization, and intrauterine life Different stages of foetal growth sex determination & Determination of life span according to Siddhars concept. 4) Three humoural theory Vatham:- Predominant locations properties physiological role. Functional varieties of vatham Pranan Udhanan Samanan Abanan Viyanan Nagan Koorman Kirukaran Devadhathan Dhananjeyan. Pitham:- Predominant locations properties physiological role. Functional varities of pitham prasakam. Kapham:- Predominent location properties physiological role Functional varieties of pitham. Avalampakam Kilethakam Pothakam Tharpakam Santhikam. Temperament of an individual Features of vatha temperament pitha temperament Kapha temperament. 5) Seven physical constituents Nutrient juice (saram) Blood (Chenneer) Muscle (ooun) fat & adipose tissue (kozhuppu) Bone & Teeth (Enbu) Bone marrow & nervous tissue (Moolai) Semen or ovum (Sukilam/suronitham) their nature and functions. 30 - Pasakam Ranjakam Sathakam Aalosakam

6)

Five sheaths (Kosangal) Physical sheath (Annamaya kosam) Respiratory sheath (Piranamaya kosam) Mental sheath (Manomaya kosam) Intellectual sheath (vignanamaya kosam) Blissful sheath (Ananthamaya kosam)

7)

Physical sheath:Composition of food materials waste or excretory materials (Chakkai) Nutrients Tastes Three vital units (Uyir thathu) qualities (gunam) Taste:- Properties of six tastes Synergetic taste (natpu suvai) Antagonistic taste (pakai suvai) Vatha food pitha food Kapha food Sathuva food Rajasa food - Thamasa food food and seasons.

8)

Respiratory sheath:Functions of pranan Regulation of breathing Pranayama thathuvam.

9)

Mental sheath Siddhars concept of Nadi Definitions Characteristics of Nadi (Nadi Nadai) Nadi ratio Ten important sites of Nadi Guru Nadi Bootha Nadi Vatha, pitha, Kapha nadi & conjoined ( Thondha Nadi) nadi

10)

Fourteen Natural Urges (Vehangal) Vatham (flatus air) Thummal (sneezing) Neer (micturition) Malam (Defecation) Kottavi (Yawning) Pasi (appetite) Neervetkai (Thirst) Kasam (cough) Illaippu (exhaustion) Nithirai (sleep) Vanthi ( Vomiting) Kanner (Tears) Sukilam (semen) Suvasam ( Breathing).

11)

Longevity of life Physiological role of hormones Concentration of six Psychophysical centres (Aatharas) Stimulation of endocrine glands by meditation & Yoga.

12)

Intellectual sheath:- (Vingnana maya kosam) Four intellectual faculties (Anthakaranam) Good & Bad Acts (Iruvinai) Mukkunam (Satwa, Rajas & Thamas) Aatharam (six station of soul) Avathai (Six stages of consciousness) Dhasa Nadi (Idakalai, Pinkalai, Suzhumunai, Sikuvai, Purudan, Kanthari, Atthi, Alampudai, Sankini & Gugu)

13)

Blissful sheath (Anantha maya kosam) Self realization (Arivu) achievement (Siddham) and its details 14) Fourteen natural urges (Pathinangu Vegangal) Features due to the Suppression of these natural urges. 31

PRACTICALS 1. Urine analysis (Nirakuri) 2. Variteies of yeelow coloured urine 3. Varities of green coloured urine 4. Vrities of black coloured urine 5. Variteis of red coloured urine 6. Varieties of white coloured urine 7. Neikuri thervu urine analysis with gingely oil 8. Indication of food and bad prognosis 9. Determination of the temperament of the Vali individual 10. Determination of the temperament of the Azhal individual 11. Determination of the temperament of the Iyam individual 12. Determination of the temperament of an individual

Reference Books:

1. Siddha Maruthuvanga Churukkam By Dr. C.S. Uthamarayan, HPIM 2. Udal Thathuvam By Dr. P.M. Venugopal, HPIM

32

33

34

35

(7) UDAL THATHUVAM PAPER II (MODERN PHYSIOLOGY)

1.

General Physiology Cell Intracellular junctions. Transport through cell membrane Homeostasis. Acid base balance

2.

Blood and Body fluids. Body fluids Blood. Plasma proteins Red blood cells. Erythropoiesis, Haemoglobin and Iron Metabolism. Anaemia, ESR, PCV and Blood indices. Haemolysis - WBCImmunity- Platelets Hemostasis Coagulation of Blood Blood Groups Blood Transfusion Blood Volume Reticuloendothelial systems Spleen Lymphatic System and Lymph. Tissue fluid and Oedema.

3.

Muscle Physiology. Classification Structure Properties Changes during contraction Neuromuscular junction Smooth muscles. Electromyogram.

4.

Digestive system Digestive tract, Mouth, Stomach, Pancreas, Liver and Gall bladder, Small intestine, Large intestine Movements of GIT Hormones, Digestion and Absorption of carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids.

5.

Renal Physiology and Excretion. Kidney Nephron Juxtaglomerular apparatus renal circulation. Urine formation concentration and Acidification of urine. Renal function tests, Renal disorders, Micturition, dialysis, structure of skin functions of skin - Glands of the skin - Body temperature.

6.

Endocrinology: Introduction Hormones Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Hormones Endocrine functions of Pancreas Adrenal Cortex and Medulla Endocrine functions of other organs local hormones.

7.

Reproductive Systems: Male Reproductive systems seminal vesicles prostate gland semen Female reproductive system ovary menstrual cycle ovulation menopause infertility pregnancy. Placenta Pregnancy tests Mammary Glands and lactation Fertility control.

36

8.

Cardio Vascular System: Introduction Properties of cardiac muscle cardiac cycle Heart sounds cardiac murmurs - ECG Ventricular Arrhythmia Cardiac output. Cardiac function curves Regulation of cardiac function Hemodynamics Arterial blood pressure Venous pressure capillary pressure. Arterial pulse venous pulse coronary circulation cerebral circulation splanchnic circulation capillary circulation skeletal muscle circulation cutaneous circulation foetal circulation and respiration. Haemorrhage circulatory shock cardiovascular Adjustments during exercise.

9.

Nervous systems: Introduction Neuron classification and properties of nerve fibres Degeneration and Regeneration of Nerve fibres: Neuroglia Receptors. Synapsis Neurotransmitters Reflex activity. Spinal cord Somatosensory and somato motor systems Physiology of pain Brain stem Thalamus Internal capsule Hypothalamus cerebellum basal ganglia cerebral cortex Limbic system Reticular formation preparations of Animals for experiment Proprioceptors Posture and Equilibrium Vestibular apparatus E.E.G. Sleep. Epilepsy Higher intellectual functions CSF-ANS.

10.

Respiratory and Environmental Physiology: Physiological Anatomy of Respiratory tract - Pulmonary circulation Mechanism of Respiration, Pulmonary function tests Ventilation Alveolar air Exchange of Respiratory Gases. Transport of Respiratory gases in Blood Regulations and Disturbance of respiration High attitude Deep sea Physiology Effects of Exposure to cold and Heat Artificial respiration. Effects of Exercise on Respiration. Special senses Structure of the eye visual process field of vision visual path way Pupillary reflex colour vision Errors of Refraction Structure of the Ear Auditory Pathway. Mechanism of Hearing Auditory Defects sensation of taste sensation of smell.

PRACTICALS 1. The compound Microscope 2. Estimation of haemoglobin by Sahlis method 3. Determination of bleeding time by Dukes method 4. Determination of clotting time by Wrights method 5. Measurement of human blood pressure 6. Determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate 7. Determination of human blood group 37

8. Determination of Rh typing 9. Determination of packed cell volume 10. Enumeration of total leucocyte count 11. Enumeration of total RBC Count 12. Differential count of WBC 13. Determination of absolute value

To be added 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Cranial Nerve Test Superficial and deep reflex Respiratory System Examination Abdomen GIT Examination Cardio Vascular System Examination ECG

Ref. books: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Starting physiology of Samson and Wright applied physiology. Hewers Histology. Schafers Histology. Guyton Physiology. Ganong Physiology. Essentials of Medical Physiology Dr. Chembulingam.

38

SECOND PROFESSIONAL B.S.M.S.

SUBJECT & SYLLABUS

Sl No.

Subject

1.

Maruthuva Thavara lyal Marunthiyal Adippadaihalum Marunthu Sei Muraikalum Gunapadam-I Gunapadam-II NoiNadal-I NoiNadal II Nunuyir lyal

2. 3. 4.

5.
6. 7.

1.

MARUTHUVA THAVARA IYAL (MEDICINAL BOTANY)

I. MEDICINAL BOTANY Theory Unit 1 Definition-History & Importance of Medicinal plants in Siddha sciencePlant Biology &Medicinal uses of the following groups : Thallophytes,Bryophytes,Pteridophytes &Gymnosperms Study of the life-cycle of the following:Gracilaria,Penicillium,Parmelia &Dryopteris Unit 2 Taxonomy of Angiosperms-Natural system of classification (Bentham &Hooker)Herbarium Techniques. Diagnostic Vegetative & Reproductive Charecters of the following families: 1. Ranunculaceae 2. Menispermaceae 3. Capparaceae 4. Malvaceae 5. Zygophyllaceae 6. Rutaceae 7. Meliaceae 8. Fabaceae 39

9. Caesalpiniaceae 10. Mimosaceae 11. Cucurbitaceae 12. Apiaceae 13. Rubiaceae 14. Asteraceae 15. Apocynaceae 16. Asclepiadaceae 17. Solanaceae 18. Acanthaceae 19. Lamiaceae 20. Nyctaginaceae 21. Euphorbiaceae 22. Piperaceae 23. Liliaceae 24. Zingiberaceae 25. Poaceae Unit 3 Plant Anatomy-Idealised plant cell structure (Electron microscopic)-Cell organelles &cell inclusions-Role of Anatomy in identification of raw drugs-Epidermal trichomes-Stomatal indexVascular tissues-Study of the following anatomical structures: Root-Amaranthus sps. Stem-Boerhaavia Leaf-Adhatoda/Senna Unit 4 Plant Ecology &Plant Tissue Culture: Plants in relation to environment-Hydrophytes, Mesophytes, Xerophytes &Halophytes. Conservation of extant, endangered medicinal plants using Biotechnology(Tissue culture, Cloning),Maintenance of domestic, medicinal gardens. II. PLANT PHARMACOGNOSY Unit 1 Study of organized raw drugs based on their morphology: Roots & Rhizomes Woods Barks &Galls Leaves Flowers Fruits Seeds Entire organism Unit 2 40

Study of Unorganized raw drugs Dried latex (Opium) Dried juice (Aloe) Dried extract (Agar) Gums (Acacia) Hard resins (Damars) Oleo resins (Turpentine) Gum resins (Asafoetida) Fixed oil (Castor oil)

Unit 3 Phytochemistry-Pharmacological actions of the following: Glycosides - Anthraquinones, Cardiac & Saponins. Alkaloides-Tropane, Quinoline &Indole Tannins-Hydrolysable &condensed Volatile oils-Obtained from various plant parts Unit 4 Adulteration of Raw Drugs &Detection, Poisonous Plants,Basics of Herbal Drug Standardization References: 1. College Botany Vol I, II, III., Gangulee et al.Ed.2000, New Central Book Agency Pvt. Ltd. 2. Outlines of Botany.V.Narayanaswamy et.al. Ed2003, S.Viswanathan publishers 3. Plant Ecology,Sharma,S.Chand &Co. 4. A Text Book of Botany-Angiosperms,V.Singh, Pande &Jain,Rastogi Publishers,Meerut. 5. Medicinal Botany Vol-I & II ( Tamil) - Somasundaram and Elangovan Publishers. 6. Taxonomy of Angiosperms (Tamil),S.Pazhaniyappan,V.K.Publishing house,Chennai 7. Elements of Biotechnology,P.K.Gupta,Rastogi &Company 8. Complete Gardening in India,K.S.Gopalaswamienger,Gopalaswamy,Parthasarathy Srinivasa,Bangalore 9. Text Book of Pharmacognosy,T.E.Wallis,CBS Publishers,Delhi 10. AText Book of Pharmacognosy,Gokhale et.al.,NiraliPrakashan,Pune. 41

11. Shah &Qadrys Pharmacognosy,J.S.Qadry&B.S.Shah,Prakashan,Ahmedabad 12. Practical Pharmacognosy,Dr.C.K.Koate,Vallabh Prakashan,Delhi.34

Practicals 1. Microscopic slides observation of the non-flowering plant genera mentioned in unit 1. 2. Identification of Angiosperm families given in unit 2. 3. Field study of various Medicinal plants in their original habitat. 4. Submission of Herbarium (20 sheets) & Raw Drugs (20). 5. Anatomical study of plant parts-by section method. 6. Plant Ecology-adaptation Macroscopic &Microscopic. 7. Raw Drugs Identification.

2. MARUTHUVA ADIPADAIKALUM MARUNTHUSEI MURAIKALUM (FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICINAL PREPARATION)

42

43

Ref: 1. Marunthu Sei Iyalum Kalayum. - By Dr.Deva Asorvathem Swamikal 2. Formulary of Siddha Published by Govt. of India. 3. Formulary of Siddha Published by IMPCOPS. 4. Siddha Vaidya Thirattu Dr. C.S.Uthamarayan.

3.

GUNAPADAM MOOLIGAI VAGUPPU 44

(MATERIA MEDICA HERBAL ORIGIN) 1) Introduction : Properties of drug Taste, character, potency, post absorptive tastes (Vibagam) Specific action (prabhagam) 2) 3) Study about therapeutic actions with few examples. Detailed study about the following herbs including their Synonyms, Botanical names, various names in regional languages, origin, identification, availability, parts used, description about their properties, therapeutic actions, indications, doses, home remedies and specific formulae related to particular herbs. TAMIL NAME 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Agatti Agil Akkarakaram Akrottu Asogu Athimathuram Athividayam Atti Akasathamarai Anthimalli Abini Amukkurakkizhangu Amman pachcharisi Ammaiyar koondal Arasu Arathai Ari-val mookku patchilai Arunelli Alari Alisi virai Alli Avarai Avuri Azhavanam Azhinjil BOTANICAL NAME - Sesbania grandiflora - Aquilaria agallacha roxb - Anacylus pyrethrum DC - Juglans regia lina - Saraca asoca - Glycyrrhiza glabra - Aconitum heterophyllum - Ficus recemosa - Pistia stratiotes - Mirabilis jalapa - Papaver somniferum - Withania somnifera - Euphorbia pilurifera - Curcuta reflexa - Ficus religiosa - Alpinia galanga - Sida acuta - Phyllanthus acidus - Nerium odorum - Linum usitatissimum - Nymphaea nouchali - Lablab purpureus - Indigofera tinctoria - Lawsonia inermis - Alangium salvifolium 45

26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

Arugu Arukirai Aruvada Annasipazham Annasipoo Akasagarudan Adathodai Adutheendapalai Adaiyotti Athandam Amanakku Chitramanakku Peramanakku Chevvamanakku Ayil Araikirai Alamaram Alpagoda pazham Aavarai Alivirai Al-vallikizhangu Attuthumatti Attunetti Anai-katrazhai Anai kunri Anaippuliamaram Iruvi Isangu Isappukolvidhai Inji Indu Iththi Impural Rattai peimarutti Rattabolam

- Cynodon dactylon - Amarantus tristis - Ruta chalepensis - Ananas comosus - Illicium verum - Corallocarpus epigaeus - Justicia adatoda - Aristolochia bracteolata - Pupalia orbiculata - Capparis zeylanica - Ricinus communis - Ricinus inermis - Ricinus tanarius - Chukrasia tabularis - Marsilea quadrifolia - Ficus benghalensis - Prunus domestica - Cassia auriculata - Lepidium sativum - Manihot esculenta - Citrullus colocynthis - Neptunia oleracea - Agave americana - Adenanthera pavonina - Adansonia digitata - Dryopteris felixmas - Clerodendrum inerme - Plantago ovata - Zingiber officinale - Mimosa rubicaulis - Ficus microcarpa - Oldenlandia umbellata - Anisomeles malabarica - Aloe barbadensis 46

61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95.

Ireval chinni Ilanda maram Lavangam Lavangappattai Ilavamaram Mulilavu Iluppai Ilaikalli Eechu (Sitrechu) Pereechu Echchura mooli Ezhathalari Uka Usilamaram Uttamani Uppilangodi Rudra jadai Rudraksham Urulai kizhangu Uzhundu Umaththai Karu umaththai Uzhalathi Usilam Etti Erisalai Erukku Elikkadilai Eliyamanakku Elumichai Elumichan thulasi Ezhuttani poondu Ellu Elam Chitrelam

- Rheum emodi - Ziziphus mauritiania - Syzygium aromaticum - Cinnamomum verum - Bombax ceiba - Bombax malabaricum - Madhuca longifolia - Euphorbia ligularia - Phoenix sylvestris - Phonex dactilifera - Aristolochia indica - Plumeria rubra - Salvadora persica - Albizia odoratissima - Pergularia daemia - Mimosa paniculata - Ocimum basilicum - Elacocarpus sphacsicus - Solanum tuberosum - Vigna mungo - Datura metal - Strychnos nux-vomica - Calotropis gigantea - Merremia emarginata - Jatropha curcas - Citrus lemon - Ocimum gratissimum - Launaea pinnatifida - Sesamsum indicum - Elettaria cardamomum - Elettaria regains 47

96. 97. 98. 99.

Kattu elakkay Malayelam Ezhilapalai Iyvirali

- Amomum subulatum - Alstonia scholaris - Diplocyclos palmatus - Cleistanthus collinus - Lannea coromandelica - Carum copticum - Hyoscyamus niger - Ionidium suffrufiocosum - Nervilia aragoana - Cucumis sativus - Papaver somniferum - Cannabis sativa - Anthocephalus cadamba - Salacia reticulata - Cicer arietinum - Gracilaria lichenoides - Argyreia nervosa - Lodoicea maldivica - Citrus medica - Brassica juncea - Brassica alba - Picrorhiza scrophulariflora - Terminalia chebula - Cocculus hirsutus - Exacum pedunculatum - Solanum surattense - Clerodendron serratum - Uncaria gambir - Curcuma aromatica - Areca catechu - Pennisetum typoideum - Spaeranthus indicus - Solanum melongena - Eclipta prostrata 48

100. Odukkan 101. Udimaram 102. Omam 103. Kurosani omam 104. Oritazhttamarai 105. Orilai tamarai 106. Kakkarikkay 107. Kasa-kasa 108. Kanja 109. Kadambu 110. Kadalazhinjil 111. Kadalai 112. Kadarpasi 113. Kadarpalai 114. Kadar tengay 115. Kadara naraththai 116. Chengadugu 117. Vengadugu 118. Kadugu rokani 119. Kadukkai pinchu 120. Kattukodi 121. Kanap-pundu 122. Kandangkattari 123. Kanduparangi 124. Kathakambu 125. Kasthuri manjal 126. Kamuku 127. Kambu 128. Kottaikaranthai 129. Kaththari 130. Karisalankanni

131. Karungali 132. Karunai thandu 133. Karpuravalli 134. Karumbu 135. Karkadaga singhi 136. Kallapai kizhangu 137. Kaliyana pushnikay 138. Kaliyana murukku 139. Kalumichchamkai 140. Kavizh thumbai 141. Kazharchi kodi 142. Kazhu-nir 143. Kalarva 144. Chirukalarva 145. Kala 146. Kalippakku 147. Kalli 148. Kodikalli 149. Shadhurakalli 150. Kalli-mulayan 151. Kari-vembu 152. Karimulli 153. Karkovai 154. Karpasi 155. Kartamarai 156. Katrazhai 157. Kariabolam 158. Kakkanam 159. Kakkai kolli 160. Kasa 161. Kasi rathnam 162. Kanchori 163. Kattatti 164. Kattamanakku 165. Kattu elumichchai

- Acacia catechu - Amarphophallus paeonic folius - Aniso chilus carnosus - Saccharum officinarum - Rhus succedanea - Glorius superba - Benincasa hispida - Erythrina variegata - Trichodesma indicum - Caesalpinia bonduc - Nymphaea alba - Salvadora persica - Salvadora persica - Carissa carandar - Areca catechu - Euphorbia ligularia - Sarcosemma brevistigma - Euphorpia antiquorum - Stapelia virgata - Murraya koenigi - Solanum anguini - Melothria heterophylla - Parmelia perlata - Smilax zeylanica - Aloe barbadensis - Aloe littoralis - Clitoria ternatea - Anamirta cocculus - Memecylon umbellatium - Quamoclit pennata - Tragiainvolucrata - Bauhinia tomentosa - Jatropha curcas - Atalantia malabarica 49

166. Kattu ellu 167. Kattu kadugu 168. Kattu karuvappattai 169. Kattu thumbai 170. Kattu pagal 171. Kattu peipudal 172. Kattu mullangi 173. Kattu Vengayam 174. Kappikottai 175. Kai-vallikkodi 176. Karamani 177. Karai 178. Karpokarisi 179. Kavatambul 180. Kalen 181. Kanam vazhai 182. Kitchilikizhangu 183. Kitchilipazham 184. Kirauthitakaram 185. Kiranthinayagam 186. Kiliyural 187. Kilukiluppai 188. Keeripundu 189. Kiraikal 190. Puthina 191. Puliyarai 192. Manali kirai 193. Kiraithandu 194. Kizhanelli 195. Kungiliam 196. Kungumappoo 197. Kudasapalai 198. Kudiyottupoondu 199. Kunthrikkam 200. Kuppeimeni

- Sesamum prostratum - Cleome viscosa - Cinnamomum iners - Momordica dioica - Trichosanthes lobata - Blumea lacera - Urginea indica - Coffea arabica - Dioscorea alata - Vigna unguiculata - Catunaregum spinora - Psoralea corylifolia - Cymbopogon martinic - Agaricus campestris - Commelina benghalensis - Curcuma zeodaria - Citrus aurantium - Tabernaemontana divaricata - Crotalaria retusa - Ophiorrhiza mungos - Greens - Mentha arvensis - Oxalis corniculata - Gisekia pharnaceoides - Amaranthus gangeticus - Phylanthus amarus - Shorea robusta - Crocus sativus - Holarrhena pubescens - Argemone mexicana - Boswellia serrata - Acalypha indica 50

201. Kumizhmaram 202. Kumkkaththi 203. Kuruvich-chi 204. Kuruver 205. Kurattai 206. Kurinjan 207. Kuntri 208. Kuthambai 209. Kunthanpanai 210. Kuvai kizhangu 211. Kezhvaragu 212. Kodiveli 213. Chenkodiveli 214. Kottikizhangu 215. Koththavarai 216. Koththumalli 217. Kollu 218. Kollukkaivelai 219. Korukkaip-puli 220. Konrai-Sarak-Konrai 221. Sirukonrai 222. Senkonrai 223. Kottam 224. Kodaga salai 225. Kothumai 226. Gopuram targi 227. Korai 228. Kovai 229. Gowrivalpul 230. Jadamanji 231. Chanappu 232. Sembagam 233. Chathakuppai 234. Charanai 235. Chandanam

- Gmelina arborea - Hiptage benghalensis - Ehretia microphylla - Vetiveria zizanoides - Trichosanthes tricuspidata - Gymnema sylvestre - Abrus precatorius - Cantana indica - Caryota urens - Maranta arundinacea - Eleusine coracana - Glycosmis arborea - Plumbago rosea - Aponogeton monostachyon - Cyamopsis tetragonoloba - Coriandrum sativum - Macrotyloma uniflorum - Tephorosia purpurea - Pithecellobium duke - Cassia fistula - Cassia arborescens - Cassia margiuata - Costus speciosus - Rungia repens - Triticum aestivum - Andrographis echiodes - Cyperus rotandus - Coccinia grandis - Nardostachys grandiflora - Crotalaria juncea - Michelia champaca - Anethum graveolens - Trianthema decandra - Santalum album 51

236. Saninayagam 237. Chavukkumaram 238. Nattu jadhikai 239. Chathipaththiri 240. Samanthipoo 241. Samai 242. Shambrani 243. Chayamaram 244. Chavarisimaram 245. Charaiparuppu 246. Salamisri 247. Sivathai 248. Shivanar vembu 249. Chirunagapu 250. Chirupeyathi 251. Chitramutti 252. Peramutti 253. Chini 254. Chinnikizhangu 255. Cheekai 256. Siththa 257. Sindil 258. Porsindil 259. Shimai atti 260. Chirakam 261. Karunchirakam 262. Perunchirakam 263. Kattu chirakam 264. Chukkankai 265. Chukkan kirai 266. Chukku 267. Chundai 268. Churai 269. Chulukku nayagam 270 Suriyakanthi

- Casuarina equisetifolia - Myristica fragrans - Myristica fragrans - Chrysanthemum coronarium - Panicum sumatrense - Styrax benzoin - Caesalpinia sappan - Buchanania lanzan - Orchis latifolia - Operculina turpethum - Indigofera aspalathoides - Mesua nagassarium - Ficus hispida - Pavonia zeylanica - Pavonia odorata - Acalypha fruticosa - Acacia sinuata - Anona squamosa - Tinospora cordifolia - Ficus carica - Cuminum cyminum - Nigella sativa - Pimpinella anisum - Vernonia antihelmintica - Rumex vesicarius - Zingiber officinale - Solanum torvum - Lagenaria siceraria - Helianthus annus 52

271. Cheppu nerunjil 272. Chemparuththi 273. Chemparuthi 274. Chembai 275. Chemppadi 276. Cheviyam 277. Sembu 278. Cherankottai 279. Chevaganar kizhangu 280. Cholam 281. Thakarai (Usithakarai) 282. Peyavarai 283. Thakkali 284. Manathathakkali 285. Thakkolam 286. Thannirvittan kizhangu 287. Tamaraththam 288. Thara 289. Tharuppai 290. Thavasu murungai 291. Thazhuthazhai 292. Thamarai 293. Thazhai 294. Thalisa-paththiri 295. Thalippanai 296. Thantri 297. Thippili 298. Thippiliver 299. Thirakshai 300. Thillai 301. Thinai 302. Thuththi 303. Thuvarai 304. Thumbilkkai 305. Thumbai

- Indigofera enneaphylla - Hibiscus rosa-sinensis - Gossypium arboreum - Sesbania sesban - Mollugo lotoides - Piper nigrum - Colocasia esculenta - Semecarpus anacardium - Gloriosa superba - Sorghum vulgare - Cassia tora - Cassia occidentalis - Physalis minima - Solanum nigrum - Asparagus racemosus - Avarrhoa carambola - Fumaria parviflora - Desmostachya bipinnata - Rungia parviflora - Clerodendrum phlomoidis - Nelumbo nucifera - Pandanus odoratissimus - Abies spectabilis - Corypha umbraculifera - Terminalia bellirica - Piper longum - Piper longum - Vitis vinifera - Excoecaria agallocha - Setaria italica - Abutilon indicum - Cajanus cajan - Diospyros peregrina - Leucas aspera 53

306. Thurinjibin 307. Thulasi 308. Thuthuvalai 309. Tengumaram 310. Thekku 311. Telkodukku 312. Devadaru 313. Thettran 314. Thottar Chinungi 315. Nancharuppan 316. Naththaichuri 317. Naralai 318. Nanthiavattam 319. Naruvili 320. Nannari 321. Naganam 322. Nagathali 323. Nagamalli 324. Nanal 325. Nabi 326. Nayuruvi 327. Naval 328. Nilakkadambu 329. Nilakumizh 330. Nilappanai 331. Nilavembu 332. Nilavamanakku 333. Nila varai 334. Nintral chinungi 335. Neeradimuthu 336. Niralasi 337. Nirbrahmi 338. Nirpula 339. Nirmulli 340. Nirmel neruppu

- Alhagi maurorum - Ocimum sanctum - Solanum trilobatum - Cocos nucifera - Tectona grandis - Heliotropium indicum - Cedrus deodara - Strychnos potatorum - Mimosa pudica - Tylophora indica - Spermacoce hispida - Cayratia pedata - Tabernaemontana divaricata - Cordia dichotoma - Hemidesmus indicus - Opuntia dillenii - Rhinacanthus nasuta - Saccharum spontaneum - Aconitum napellus - Achyranthes aspera - Syzygium cumini - Asarum europaeum - Gmelina asiatica - Curculigo orchioides - Andrographis paniculata - Cassia senna - Hydnocarpus laurifolia - Polygorum barbatum - Bacopa monnieri - Phyllanthus reticulatus - Hygrophila auriculata - Ammania baccifera 54

341. Nuna 342. Nettilingam 343. Neichatti 344. Neithar kizhangu 345. Nerunjil 346. Nel 347. Nelli 348. Nervalam 349. Notchi 350. Payaru 351. Paruththi 352. Pachillai 353. Pannimonthan kizhangu 354. Pappali 355. Motchai 356. Chemparuththi 357. Pala 358. Palasu 359. Pallipundu 360. Parangikai 361. Parangippattai 362. Parppatakam 363. Panai 364. Panirpoo 365. Pakal 366. Badampisin 367. Pathiri 368. Barely 369. Palai 370. Vetpalai 371. Pirappan kizhangu 372. Piramiya vazhukkai 373. Piray 374. Pilimbi 375. Pilavai kolli

- Mosinda tinctoria - Polyalthia longifolia - Vernonia cinerea - Nymphea pubescens - Tribulus terrestris - Oryza sativa - Phyllanthus emblica - Croton tiglium - Vitex negundo - Vigna mungo - Gossypium herbaceum - Garcinia xanthochymus - Trapa natans - Casica papaya - Lablab purpureus - Gossypium arboretum - Artocarpus heterophyllus - Butea monosperma - striga lutea - Cucurbita maxima - Smilax china - Hedyotis coryambose - Horastrus flbellifer - Rosa centifolia - Momorchica charantia - Stereospermum colais - Hordeum vulgara - Manikara hexandra - Wrightia tinctoria - Calanus rotang - Bacopa monniesi - Streblus asper - Averrhoa bilimbi 55

376. Pitharoghani 377. Pinasimaram 378. Pavattai 379. Pidangunasi 380. Pirandai 381. Chirupelai 382. Pugaiyilai 383. Pungu 384. Pudal 385. Pulluruvi 386. Puli 387. Pulladi 388. Punnai 389. Puvarasu 390. Poonaikali 391. Perungayam 392. Poduthalai 393. Ponmusuttai 394. Ponnanganni 395. Magizh 396. Mangusthan 397. Manjal 398. Mara manjal 399. Manjitti 400. Manipungu 401. Madanakamappu 402. Mantharai (red) 403. Malli 404. Marakkarai 405. Maruthu 406. Ma 407. Masikkai 408. Masipathiri 409. Mathulai 410. Milagu

- Coptis teeta - Sterculia foetida - Pavetta indica - Premma tomentosa - Cissus quadrangularis - Aerva lanata - Nicotiana tobacum - Pongamia pinnata - Trichosanthes cucumesina - Dendrophthoe falcata - Tamarindus indicus - Desmodium gangeticum - Calophyllum inophyllum - Thespesia populnea - Mucuna pruriens - Ferula asafetida - Phyta nodiflora - Sida acuta - Alternanthera sessils - Mimusops elengi - Garcinia mangostana - Curcuma longa - Coscinium fenestratum - Rubia cordifolia - Sapindus lausifolia - Cycus circinalis - Bauhinia purpurea - Jasminum grandiflorum - Catunaregum spinosa - Terminalia arjuna - Mangifera indica - Quercus infectoria - Artemisia nilagisica - Punica granatum - Piper nigrum 56

411. Val milagu 412. Musarkathilai 413. Mavilangu 414. Milakaranai 415. Musumusukkai 416. Mudakkattan 417. Munthiri 418. Murungai 419. Mulam 420. Mullangi 421. Munnai 422. Mukkirattai 423. Mungil 424. Vasambu 425. Modagavalli 426. Vandukolli 427. Varagu 428. Valampurikkai 429. Vallarai 430. Valli 431. Chevalli 432. Vallikodi 433. Vagai 434. Karuvagai 435. Vadhanarayan 436. Vadhuniai 437. Vaividangum 438. Valuzhuvai 439. Vazhai 440. Valendrabolam 441. Vidathari 442. Virali 443. Vilvam 444. Vilamichamver 445. Vizhalarisi

- Piper cubeba - Ipomea pes-caprae - Crateava magna - Todalia asiatica - Mukia madraspatana - Cardiospermum helicacabum - Anacardium occidentale - Moringa oleifera - Citrullus vulgaris - Raphanus sativus - Premna corymbosa - Boerhavia diffusa - Bambusa arundinacea - Acorus calamus - Sterculia foetida - Cassia alata - Paspalum scrobiculatum - Helicteres isora - Centella asiatica - Dioscorea esculenta - Dioscorea purpurea - Convolvulus repens - Albizia lebbeck - Albizia odoratissina - Delonix elata - Prunus dulcis - Embelia ribes - Celestrus paniculatus - Musa paradisiaca - Commiphora myrrh - Dichrostachys cinerea - Dodonaea viscosa - Aegle marmeoles - Plectranthus vettiveroides - Seed of red grass 57

446. Vizhuthi 447. Vilamaram 448. Vishamunkil 449. Vishnukiranthi 450. Peru-lavangappattai 451. Peyatti 452. Vengayam 453. Vetchi 454. Vendakai 455. Vendayam 456. Vellarikai 457. Vellarugu 458. Vellilothram 459. Vellulli 460. Vetrilai 461. Vengai 462. Vembu 463. Verkadalai 464. Vel 465. Velvel 466. Kudaivel 467. Pikkaruvel 468. Velai 469. Thaivelai

- Cadaba trifoliate - Limonia acidissima - Crinum asiaticum - Evolvulus alsinoides - Cinnamomum macrocarpum - Ficus hispida - Alium cepa - Ixora coccia - Abelmoschus esculantus - Trigonella foenum - Cucumis sativus - Enicostemma axillare - Symplocos racemosa - Allium sativum - Piper betle - Pterocarpus marsupium - Azadirachta indica - Arachis hypogea - Acacia nilotica - Acacia leucophloea - Acacia latronum - Acacia farnesiana - Cleome viscosa - Gynandropsis gynandra

Text Book . 1) Gunapadam Mooligai Vaguppu by Dr. Murugesamudaliar Redirected by Dr. S. Govindaswamy 2) Materia Medica Vol I & II by Dr. Natkarani.

Ref Book

3) Mooligai Iyal By Dr.V.Arunachalam M.D.Siddha.

58

59

60

(5) GUNAPADAM PAPER II (THATHU & JEEVAM) (MATERIA MEDICA METALS, MINERALS & ANIMAL KINGDOM)

INTRODUCTION Classification of metals & minerals Instruments used for medicine preparation, description about specific techniques, including the special technique of drug preparation. Acid distillation formulae. Converting ancient measurements into new metric units. Internal applications 32 Definition, examples & their life span How to form a medicine production unit Classification of combustion (Spudam) Study of friendly drugs (Synergetic) and antagonistic drugs. Classification of drugs based on five elements

I.

Metals (Ulogangal)

1. Iron (Ayam) 2. Steel (Ekkhu) 3. Lead (Kareyam) 4. Magnetic Oxide of Iron (Kandham) 5. Copper (Thambram) 6. Zinc (Nagam) 7. Brass (Pithalai) 8. Gold (Thankam) 9. Ferrous Ferric Oxide (Mandooram) 10. Bronze (Venkalam) 11. Tin (Velleyam) 12. Silver (Velli).

II.

Mercury & its ores (Pancha Sootham)

1. Mercury (Rasam) 2. Red Sulphide of mercury (Rasa Sindooram) 3. Cinnabar Natural (Lingam) 4. Calomel - Hydragyrum subchloride (Rasa Karpooram) 5. Corrosive sublimate Hydrogyrum per chloride (Veeram).

III.

Metal Salts (Pashanangal) Tamil Name Anjanakal Kanthakam Gowri pashanam Thalagam Thottippashanam English Name Antimony Sulphide Sulphur Yellow Oxide of arsenic (Synthetic) Yellow Arsenic Trisulphide A pharmaceutical preparation of

Arsenic combined with mercury & sulphur. 61

Nava pashanangal Pancha pashanangal Manosilai Mirudhar sinki Vellaippashanam IV. Salts (Karasaram) Applakkaram Induppu Evatcharam Ekambacharam Kadal nurai Kanavai odu Gandhiuppu Gandhaga lavanam

Nine kinds of metal salts Five kinds of metal salts Red Arsenic Disulphide (Realger) Galena Sulphide (Lead ore) Arsenum Acidum (White Arsenic)

Sodium Carbonate impure Sodium Chloride Impure (RockSalt) Potassium Carbonate impure A Prepared Salt (an efflorescentsalt) Sea froth engendered by submarine fire OS SEPIAE (Cuttle fish bone) Salts of Sulphur Salt obtained from Sulphur, mixed with other ingredients (Consolidated sea salt)

Kalluppu

Salt found in lumps deposited on beds of rocks at the bottom of the sea

Kariuppu Kaichulavanam

Sodium chloride (Common salt) Salt produced from the earth impregnated with soda

Kasi chcharam Sathi chcharam Sindhuppu

A salt prepared from a mixture of three salts A prepared salt A kind of Rock Salt (It is formed naturally on mountains & rocks being solidified from the falling dew)

Cheenakkaram Soodan Thilalavanam Navauppu mezhugu Navachcharam Pachai karpooram Panchalavanam Pidalavanam Pooneeru

Alum (Aluminous Sulphate) Camphor A salt derived from sessamum Waxy preparation comprises with salts Ammonium chloridum (Sal ammoniac) Borneo camphor (Crude camphor) Mixture of five salts Black salt Fullers earth 62

Ambar Valaiyaluppu Vengaram Vediuppu Attuppu V. Gems (Navamanigal) Komedagam Neelamani Pavazham Pushparagam Maragadham Manickam Vaidooriyam Vairam Muthu VI.

Ambra arasea Extracted salt from fullers earth (Glass gall) Sodium biborate (Borax) Potassium nitrate (Salt petre) A boiled salt obtained from salt petre

Onyx (Berly) Sapphire Coral Topaz, Yellow Topaz Emerald Ruby (Carbuncle) Cats eye (Chryso prase) Diamond Pearl

Minerals (Natural Substances) Upa rasam Appiragam Annabedhi Karpoorasilasathu Kalnar Karchunnam Kadikkaram Kavikkal Gomuthra silasathu Thurusu Nandukkal Nimilai Palthutham Mica Ferri Sulphas (Green vitriol) Crystalised foliated Gypsum Asbestos Lime stone Nitrate of silver Red ochre Asphaltum (Asphalt mineral piteh) Cupric sulphate (Blue vitriol) Fossil stone crab Bismuth Sulphate of zinc

MATERIA MEDICA (ANIMAL KINGDOM) 1) Attai 2) Aamai 3) Alkattipatchi 4) Indrakopa poochi Mutilla Occidentalis 63 Hirudo Medicinalis (Speckled leech) Chelonia Turtle (Tortoise)

5) Iragukal 6) Udumbu 7) Eri vandu 8) Elumbugal 9) Onan 10) Kasthuri 11) Kaandamiruga kombu 12) Kzhingial 13) Kulambugal 14) Kulavikkoondu 15) Kombarakku 16) Kombugal 17) Korochanam 18) Kozhi 19) Sangu 20) Chanam 21) Siruneer 22) Sura 23) Thantham 24) Thean 25) Nandu 26) Nathai 27) Nariecham 28) Palagarai 29) Pantri 30) Pambu chattai 31) Palum pal porutkalum 32) Pitchi 33) Puli 34) Punugu 35) Poo nagam 36) Mayil 37) Maan 38) Min mini poochi 39) Muttai oodugal

Feathers Varanus Sps (Monitor) Mylabris Sps. Bones Calotis (Common Agemaid Lizard) Moschus moschiferus musk Rhinoceros unicornis Ostrea edults linn (Common oyster shell) Hoofs Wasps nest Carteria Lacca (Lac) Horns Fel Borinum purifactum (Oxbile) Gallus domes (Domestic cock & hen) Turbinella rapa (Conch Shell) Dung Urine Squalus carcharius (Shark) Teeth Honey Crab Fresh Water Snail Jackals excreta Cypraea moneta Linn (Cowry) Sus indicushog (Pig) Snakes slough Milk and milk products Bile Tiger Viverra Civetta (Civet cat) Earth Worm Pavo Cristatus Linn (Pea Cock) Deer Fire fly Egg shells 64

40) Musiru muttai 41) Mudhalai 42) Muthuchippi 43) Mezhugu 44) Yanai

Egg of Formica Smaragdina Crocodills porosus (Crocodile) Mytilus margaritiferus (Pearl Oyster Shell) Wax Elephas indicas (Elephant)

Reference books & Text books: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Text of Gunapadam Thathu Jeeva Vaguppu Vol. II & III by Dr.R.Thiagarajan Pathartha Guna Chindamani Pathartha Guna Vilakkam Kannusamy Materia Medica - Vol. I & II by Dr. Natkarni Siddha Vaidhya Thirattu by Dr. C.S. Uthamarayan

65

(4) NOI-NADAL PAPER I (PRINCIPLES OF SIDDHA PATHOLOGY)

1) 2)

Introduction to Siddha pathology. Five elements and its clinical correlations. Creation of five elements Manifestation of five elements in our body correlation of five elements with three humours Six tastes and seven physical constituents.

3)

Taste and its description:Taste potency (veeriyam) five elements and six tastes characters of six tastes features of imbalanced intake of six tastes Three humours and six tastes.

4) 5) 6)

Regulation of breathing pranayamam thathuvam. Complaints that occur in every month of gestational period and its treatment. Details of 96 Thathuvas Manifestation of five elements into three humours Aetiology & Pathology of diseases

7)

Eight Kinds of diagnostic tools (Envagai thervu) Nadi (Pulse) Sparisam (Palpation) Na- (Tongue) Niram (Colour) Mozhi (Speech) Vizhi (Eye) Malam ( Stools) Moothiram (Urine) and its details.

8)

Nadi: Definition locations pulse ratio Vatha, pitha, Kapha, Nadi & Conjoined Nadi pulse variation according to season Bootha nadi Guru Nadi Preponderant period of vatha, pitha & Kapha Nadi conditions responsible for irregular pulse rhythm prognosis of a disease based Nadi.

9)

Marana Kuri Kunangal (Fatal signs & symptoms) Thoda kurikunangal (Complicated signs & symptoms) Avathaikal (progress of a disease) and their details.

10)

Three humoral theory Vatham pitham kapham predominant locations properties functional varieties physiological role pathological conditions ( ie increased decreased features) Thanilai valarchi Vetrunilai valarchi - Thannilai adaithal.

11)

Seven physical constituents ( Udal thathukkal) & feces, Urine & sweat increased & decreased features.

12)

Fourteen Natural Urges

66

- Vatham (flatus air) Thummal (sneezing) Neer ( micturition) Malam ( Defecation) Kottavi ( yawning) pasi (appetite) Neervetkai ( Thirst) Kasam (cough) Illaippu ( exhaustion) Nithirai (sleep) vanthi (vomiting) kanneer (Tears) Sukilam (semen) Suvasam ( breathing ) features occur by controlling. 13) Digestive fire (Udal thee) Geographical distribution & Seasonal variations (Nilamum pozhuthum) Appropriate time for medications. 14) Determine the fatal conditions of an individual based on Saliva, Taste, Voice, Vision, Hearing, Smell, Qualityof semen and twitching. 15) Urine examination Neerkuri, Nirakuri & Neikuri According to Theraiyar and other Siddhars. Neer kuri : (Urine general examination) Quality, Niram (colour), Manam (odour), Nurai (froth), Edai (specific gravity ) Enjal (deposits) Nirakuri : Urine examination with the help of colour difference. Neikuri : The different changes in the oil dropped on the urine to be observed Prognosis of a disease based on some tests performed by breast milk, Pigs fat and blood of the diseased. 16) 17) 18) 19) Primary aetiology of various diseases according to Therayar. Prognosis of a patient by observing the messenger ( Thoothuvan Ilakkanam). Determination of some disease based on manikadai nool. Worms and infectious diseases (Ottu noikal)

67

68

(6)

NOI NADAL PAPER II Principles of Modern Pathology including Clinical Pathology

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Gene and chromosomal Pathology Diseases due to abnormalities of Gene. Disease due to trauma Burns and their classifications, effect of radiation. Cell response to injury Degeneration Common Causes Fatty changes etc. Inflammation and wound healing. Circulatory disturbances Haemorrhage cause, pathology, types clinical features, thrombosis, embolism, infarction, venous congestion etc.

6.

Pathology of fluid compartment Normal distribution of water, exudates, transudate fluid, oedema definition, aetiology etc.

7. 8.

Disorders of cell growth Abnormalities Hypertrophy Hyperplasia Aplasia etc. Metabolic disease Pigmentation, Haemosiderin, porphyrin Jaundice Diabetes mellitus etc.

9. 10.

Deficiency disease. Haemopoietic system Blood formation, Anaemia, Leukaemia, Leucopenia Disease caused by platelets abnormalities purpura Blood group abnormal blood transfusion etc.

II.

Clinical Pathology Syllabus enclosed. 69

III. IV. V.

Radiological finding. Practical on cells identification by slides. Record work.

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

1.

Haematology Red Blood Cells Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate Haemoglobin Blood group Coagulation of Blood White Blood Cells.

2. 3.

Examination of Sputum for AFB. Examination of Urine Normal Characteristics Normal constituents and abnormal constituents.

4.

Examination of Feaces Morphology Life cycle, Pathogenicity and Laboratory investigations of the following worms Ascaris Lumbricoides Ankylostoma duodenale, Enterobius vemicularis Trichuris Trichura Strangyloides Stercoralis, Trichinella Spiralis, Taenia saginata, Taenia Solium, Protozoan, Entamoeba histolytica.

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Blood smear examination Malarial parasites Wuchereria bancrofti. Widal Test Vaginal Smear for Trichomonas Vaginalis. Blood VDRL Elisa Test Hbs Ag. Skin Demonstration of Lepra bacilli. RA factor Aso Titre

Ref Books:

Boyds Pathology Robins Pathology

(7)

NUNNUYIR IYAL (MICROBIOLOGY)

I.

General Microbiology. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction and History. Morphology of Bacteria. Growth and Nutrition of Bacteria. Classification and Identification of Bacteria. Infection and Resistance to infection Acquired Immunity

II.

Systemic Bacteriology 70

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. III.

Gram Positive Cocci Gram Negative Cocci Enterobacteriaceae and other gram negative Bacilli Corynebacterium diptheriae Mycobacterium tuberculosis and leprosy. Closteridium group Bacillus authracis

Immunology 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Infection Immunity Antigens Antibodies Antigen Antibody reactions Complement system Immuno difficiency disease Hyper sensitivity Auto immunity

IV.

Mycology 1. Pathogenic fungi

V.

Virology A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Virus and other microorganisms. General properties and cultivation of viruses. Pox viruses Herpes virus Myxovirus Adeno viruses and other respiratory viruses Picorna virus Poliomyelitis. Entero virus and resuoius Hepatitis virus Rhabdovirus Rabis virus Arbovirus Oncogenic virus Miscellaneous viruses

V.

B. 71

1. 2. VI.

Psitta cosis Olymphogranuloma venereuin and Tric agents. Rickettsiae

Technical methods 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Staining methods Sterilisation and disinfection Culture methods and culture media Tests employed in bacterial identification. Immunological and serological tests. Care and management of experimental animals.

Reference books: 1. Text book of Microbiology. By R. Ananthanarayanan and C.K. Jayaram paniker. 2. Medical Microbiology. By Robert gruck shank Vol.I & Vol. II.

FINAL PROFESSIONAL B.S.M.S.

Subjects & Syllabus
Sl No 1. Subject

Noi Anugavidhi Ozhukkam: Sattam Sarntha Maruthuvamum Nanju Noolum Maruthuvam - Pothu (General Medicine) Sirappu Maruthuvam including Yoga & Varma (Special Medicine) Aruvai Maruthuvam including Enbumurivu and Pal Maruthuvam (Surgery) ( Surgery including Bone Setting and Dental Diseases) Sool, Magalir Maruthuvam and Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam (Obstetrics and Gynecology and Paediatric Medicine)

2. 3. 4. 5.

6.

1. NOI ANUGAVITHI OZHUKKAM 72

(Noi illaneri and community medicine including national health policies and statistics)

This is to be imparted to students by lectures demonstration and field studies. It should be directed to the importance of preventive medicine and the measures for the promotion of preventive health. The students are like made conversant with national health process in rural and urban areas, so that they can also be assigned responsibilities in the field of preventive and social medicine including family planning. CHAPTER I Introduction to preventive and social medicine, concept of man and society, aim and scope of preventive and social medicine, relations between economic factors and environment in health and disease. CHAPTER I (A) The ways to lead a disease free life as said by ancient siddhar Theriyar. CHAPTER II The five landscapes and occurrence of its diseases. CHAPTER 3 Urbanisation Town planning CHAPTER 4 Industries- Occupational diseases and its preventions. CHAPTER 5 Waste management Excreta disposal and modern sewage treatment. CHAPTER 6 Modern housing and Vaasthu. CHAPTER 7 Disposal of dead bodies- Electronic crematorium. CHAPTER 8 Seasons (Perumpozhuthu, Sirupozhuthu)- Principles to be followed in the above seasons and the specific food. CHAPTER 9 Water- Uses- Sources- Pollution and its related diseases, Purification and distribution.

CHAPTER 10 Atmospheric temperature- Effects of heat stress- Effects of cold stress- Preventive measures of global warming humidity. Air pollution- Health aspects. Prevention and control , ventilation- Types, Lighting. 73

CHAPTER 11 Noise- effects of noise pollution. CHAPTER 12 Good habits Personal hygiene (oil bath etc.) Dressing gems and pearls- Their medicinal effects. CHAPTER 13 Food- Six tastes Three types of food- Toxicity- Adulteration Food borne diseases Prevention and control Food standards. CHAPTER 14 Drinks Properties of hot water linked with utensils fruit juices. CHAPTER 15 Uses of beetle leaf and nut. CHAPTER 16 Rest and sleep Types of bed Sleeplessness. CHAPTER 17 Nutritious and balanced diet- Role of fibres, cereals, vegetables Greens fruits honey animal proteins fish - birds pickles etc. Milk and its products Diseases Thritoda sama porulgal. CHAPTER 18 Serving procedures types of vessels and their effect on food preparation. CHAPTER 19 Communicable diseases. Causes Symptoms Prevention and control of Chicken pox- Measles Mumps Influenza Diphtheria Whooping cough Tuberculosis etc. Intestinal infections: Causes, symptoms, prevention and control of Poliomyelitis Viral hepatitis Cholera acute diarrhoeal diseases Typhoid Food poisoning Amoebiasis Ascariasis Hook worm infestation etc. Arthropod borne infections; Causes, symptoms, Prevention and control of Dengue Malaria Filariasis. Surface infection: Causes, symptoms, Prevention and control of Trachoma Tetanus Leprosy STD AIDS. CHAPTER 20 Health information and basic medical statistics health information sources. 74

CHAPTER 21 National health programmes NMEP NFCP NLCP NTP National Aids control programme National programme for control of blindness Iodine deficiency disorders programme National cancer control programme National mental health programme National diabetes control programme Child survival and safe motherhood programme National family welfare programme National water supply and sanitation programme Minimum needs programme. CHAPTER 22 Public health administration and International health relation. CHAPTER 23 Siddha concept of prophylaxis immunology and personnel hygiene. N.B: Field demonstration on water purification plant Infectious diseases. Reference books: 1) 2) 3) 4) Pathartha guna chintamani Hygiene and public health by Ghosh Social and preventive medicine by Park and Park. Noi illa neri by Dr. Durairajan.H.P.I.M.

75

76

77

2. SATTAM SARNTHA MARUTHUVAMUM NANJU NOOLUM (Forensic medicine and Toxicology)

1)

Introduction: Subdivisions- unnatural deaths inquest- courts power of courts proceedings of the court medical evidences dying declaration witnesses professional secrets of a doctor doctors and proceedings of the courts. Medical Certificate.

2)

Identity: Useful factors for identity racial characters sex age- complexion -features of individuality scars tattoo marks Anthropometry Dactylography poroscopy podography structure of hair deformities occupational marks.

3)

Medico legal Autopsy: Conditions important points to be noted external and internal examination preparation of specimens for analysis issue of death certificate.

4)

Death : Medico legal importance modes of death and classification sudden death signs of death.

5)

Post-mortem staining : Cadaveric changes in the muscle primary relaxation rigidity secondary relaxation decomposition and autolysis adipocere mummification presumption of death.

6)

Exhumation : Situation responsible for exhumation and findings.

7)

Asphyxia: Asphyxia and asphyxial death causes features of asphyxia and asphyxial death Autopsy findings common to all asphyxias Hanging causes for death autopsy findings judicial hangings medico legal aspects strangulation autopsy findings medico legal aspects differences between hanging and strangulation throttling autopsy findings Drowning causes autopsy findings How to confirm the cause of death suicide or accidental or murder first aid

smoothering medico legal aspects chokings traumatic asphyxias autopsy findings . 8) Wounds and classifications: Wounds abrasions contusion lacerated wounds incised wound stab wound firearm wound and their medico legal importance Ante mortem and post mortem wounds Internal and external changes of wounds_ Age of the wounds death due to 78

wounds period of survival fatal injuries grievious injuries signs of struggle varieties of firearm and its function. Causes for death due to firearm - Woundshaemorrhage- fat embolism Systemic embolism. 9) Rape: Rape coitus- procedure for examination of the accused and victim Findings of the examination Important point the accused &victim to be noted Examination of the place where the offence takes place chemical examination - semenology acid

phosphatase test alizarin test &etc ; serological examinations - Microscopic examination differention test between semen& other substances 9-A) Sexual offences : Bestiality Examinations of the accused and animal - Exhibitionism Tribadism Transvertism sadism - Masochism incest Buccal coitus Fetchism necrophilia . 9-B) Impotence & Sterility: Impotence Definition Causes Medicological importance Sterilization Artificial insemination Indications medico legal importance. 10) Virginity: Anatomy of Female genitalia Hymen Causes for the disappearance of hymen Medico legal importance. 11) Pregnancy: Fertilization obstetric Table Confirmatory findings for pregnancy Presumptive signs Probable signs Positive signs Biological Tests. 12) Abortion: Definition Natural abortion Justifiable abortion Abortion on the basis of health condition rule to follow by the physician Complications - cause of death. - Procedures unjustifiable abortions

13)

Delivery: Signs of delivery the living Sign of remote delivery in the living Signs of delivery in the non living Woman Legitimacy Gestational period Supposititious child Inheritance.

14)

Infanticide: Infanticide & its criminal proceedings Still born babies Features Dead born Features- mummification Causes of death to confirm whether still born or birth after death Accidental cases - Death of the mother Suffocation Precipitate labour Criminal causes. 79

15)

Burns and Scalds: Burns - Scalds - Stages of Burns & scalds signs & symptoms Causes of death Autopsy findings.

16)

Death from Lightning, Electricity, Hot & Cold : Lightning and its effects Medication Autopsy findings Electricity and its effect Causes for death medication Autopsy findings Hot Effects cold and its effects autopsy findings.

17)

Starvations : Definitions Signs & Symptoms Biological test medications Autopsy findings.

18)

Forensic Psychiatry: Insanity Delirium Delusion Medico legal aspects Hallucination illusion impulse obsession idiocy Imbecility feeblemindedness Dementia Schizophrenia Psychic epilepsy melanchotia Psychiatry due to alcohol abuse differences between psychiatrics and imitaters laws related to psychiatry court and psychiatrics somnambulism hypnotism and mesmerism.

TOXICOLOGY

Definition classification of poisons Biotransformation mode of administration diagnosis of poisoning duties of a doctor Treatment of poisoning. 1) 2) 3) Corrosive poisons Acids strong alkalis Non-metallic poisons Phosphorus Iodine Chlorine Sulphur -Mica Metallic poisons Arsenic Mercury Copper Lead.

HERBAL ORIGIN: 1) Irritant poisons Abrus precatorius Calotropis gigantia Semecarpus anacardium Capsicum annum Croton tiglium Ricinus communis Euphorbia antiquorum Excoecaria agallocha. 2) 3) Cardiac poisons Deliriants Nerium odorum Aconitum ferox Aconitum napellus Datura metal Cannabis sativa 80

4) 5) 6)

Somniferous poisons Convulsants Others

Papaver somniferum Strychnous nux vomica Argemone mexicana Gloriosa superba Cinnamomum camphora Nicotiana tobaccum Plumbago zeylanica.

ANIMAL ORIGIN: Some biological poisons Scorpian sting monkey bite rat bite centipede bite cat bite chameleon bite garden lizard bite Lizard bite Rabies of Animals Antitodes. CHEMICAL ORIGIN: Petroleum & organo phosphorous poisoning Kerosene Chromium D.D.T. & etc. IRRITANT GASES: War gases mustard gases ALCOHOL POISONING: Varieties acute Chronic poisoning Fatal doses Treatment ANIMAL POISONS: Ophidia snake bites Ophitoxemia causes for death signs- symptoms treatment Siddha aspects. FOOD POISONING: Diagnosis prevention treatment BOUTULISM: Diagnosis treatment

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

3.

POTHU MARUTHUVAM (GENERAL MEDICINE) - PAPER - I

Study of following disease with clinical demonstration about their various names, Definition, causes , premonitory signs , and symptoms , description about the humoural vitiation , pulse reading , complications , Associated disease, fatal signs, Line of treatment , prognosis , specific or special medicines , regimen and diet . 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) Suram - 64 Mukkutranoi Ammai noi Surakkol Kural kammal Mookadaippu Kuruthiazhal noi Irumal noi Eraippu noi Elaippu noi Ulaimanthai Thamaraga noi Suvayinmai Neervetkai Seriyamai Vikkal Vaanthi Mantha noi Gunmam Soolai Manneral noi Kalleeral noi Velluppu noi Oodal noi Manjal noi Peruvayiru Kudalpidippu noi Perunkalichal noi Ninakalichal noi Fever 64 kinds Delirium Certain specific Viral infectious diseases Influence of planets and stars related to fever patients Hoarseness of voice Sinusitis and nasal block Bleeding and abnormalities of Blood pressure Cough Bronchial asthma Tuberculosis Tubercular enteritis Diseases of heart Tasteless conditions Polydipsia Indigestion Hiccough Vomitting Flatulance (G.I.T disorders) Pain abdomen Pricking pain of various aetiology Diseases of Spleen Diseases of Liver Anaemia Dropsy Jaundice Ascites Abdominal colic Diarrhoea Bacillary dysentery 88

30) 31) 32) 33)

Kaduppu kalichal Oozhi noi Eruvai mulai noi Siruneer noigal

Amoebic dysentery Cholera Ano-rectal diseases Uro genital diseases

I) Neerinai arukkal noigal: (The conditions responsible for decreased out put of Urine) a) Kalladaippu noi b) Neeradaippu noi c) Neerkattu d) Sottu neer e) Neersurukku f) Vellai noi II) Renal calculi Retention of Urine Anuria Incontinence of urine Oliguria Gonorrhoea, Leucorrhoea, etc.

Neerinai perukkal noikal : (The conditions responsible for increased out put of urine) a) Athimoothiram b) Neerizhivu c) Thelineer d) Venneer Polyurea Diabetes mellitus Diabetes insipidus Spermatorrhoea

34) 35) 36) 37) 38) 39) 40) 41) 42) 43) 44) 45) 46) 47) 48)

Mega neer kattigal Diabetic skin leisions Kudiveri noi Alcoholism Mayakkanoi Syncope Valippu noi Seizure disorders Vali noi Vatha diseases Pakkavayu Hemiplegia Keelvayu Diseases of joints Azhal noi Pitta diseases Iya noi Kapha diseases Peru noi Hansens diseases Nalamilla surappikalil varum noigal Endocrine disorders Thottru noigal Infectious diseases Puttru noi Malignancy Ema Kurai noi / Theivu noi H.I.V. & A.I.D.S Kanma noigal Congenital diseases (Karma diseases)

PRACTICALS: 89

1) 2)

Practical training in the general examination and systemic examination. Maintaining clinical records

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Siddha maruthuvam - by Dr. C.N.Kuppusamy mudaliar Yugimuni vaidhya chintamani Jeeva raktchamirtham Mr. Sababathi mudaliar Siddha maruthuvanga churukkam -by Dr.K.S Uthamarayan Noikalukku Siddha parikaram Part I & II - Dr. Shunmugavelu Davidsons principle and practice of medicine Hutchisons clinical methods How to examine a patient

90

4. MARUTHUVAM PAPER II ( SIRAPPU MARUTHUVAM INCLUDING YOGA & VARMAM)

I ELIXIR SCIENCE Definition Description Regimen uses & etc. 1) Elixir Medicines - Classification General & special karpam. Mooligai karpam (Herbal origin) Thathu Karpam ( metals & minerals origin) Jeeva Karpam (Animal origin)

2) Breathing exercise Definition Philosophy method Regimen Uses 3) Yoga Definition yoga postures types explanation philosophy uses. 4) Muppu Definition philosophies classification description uses. II SKIN DISEASES: 1) Introduction - description 2) Classification of skin diseases according to yugichintamani. 3) Eczema 4) Skin diseases in children - Description about the following - Fungal infestations of the skin Herpes scabies pediculosis. 5) Bacterial, viral, fungal infections of the skin. 6) Tuberculous ulcers of the skin. 7) Psoriasis 8) Pimples 9) Allergic dermatitis. 10) Skin diseases due to medicines. 11) Bullae & Skin eruptions unknown cause. 12) Allergic skin diseases and diseases of hair & nails. 13) Leprosy and its curative agents prescribed in Siddha system of medicine. 14) Pigmentation disorders of skin and its curative agents. 15) Carcinoma of skin. 16) Bed sores prickley heat Alopecia Dandruff Molluscum.

III. VARMAM: 91

Definition Description about the importance of Varmam why it is called as Unique feature of Siddha system : - Basic Philosophies related to the formation of Varma points classification based on three humours based on anatomical locations based on signs & symptoms special & particular physical manipulation techniques & massage pertaining to Varma therapy pulse diagnosis of varma patients Important medicines used in varma therapy Food items prescribed for the patients. Detailed study about the following Varma points:- (it includes location signs & symptoms necessary manipulation techniques medicines) Paduvarmam (12) 1) Utchi varmam 2) Pidari kalam 3) Chevikutrikalam 4) Natchathirakalam 5) Thilartha kalam 6) Kannadikalam Thodu varmam (96) I. Varma points located from scalp to neck : (22) 1) Pootellu Varmam 2) Munchuvadhi varmam 3) Nettri kalam 4) Pinchuvadhi varmam 5) Porichal varmam 6) Puruva kalam 7) kannakalam 8) Kumbidum kalam 9) Bala varmam 10) Chuliyadi Varmam 11) Moorthi kalam 12) Aayama kalam 13) Nadi kalam 14) Chenni Varmam 15) Poigai kalam 16) Kurunthukuttikalam 17) Alavattukona channai 18) Vettu Varmam 19) Kokki kalam. 20) Manthira kalam 21) Kannu varmam 22) Arukukalam. 7) Urakka kalam 8) Thummi kalam 9) Ner Varmam 10) Adappa kalam 11) Periya athisurikki kalam 12) Kallada kalam

II Varma Points located from the Neck to Moolatharam : (37) 23) Malar varmam 25) Kulir varmam 27) Mattran kalam 29) Kareeral varmam 31) Koombu varmam 24) Vilangu varmam 26) Arangu varmam 28) Thivalai varmam 30) Velleral varmam 32) Nenchadappan varmam 92

33) Villu varmam 35) Urumi varmam 37) Kakotta kalam 39) Changu thirikalam 41) Manthira kalam 43) Iruppu varmam 45) Andakkalam 47) Thandu varmam 49) Pandri varmam 51) Mothira kalam 53) Valamburi kalam 55) Nabi varmam 57) Pushti kalam 59) Kurunthukutti kalam.

34) Mundellu varmam 36) Kuttri varmam 38) Chippi varmam 40) Vayu kalam 42) Chiriya Athithuriki 44) Villu varmam 46) Kaccha varmam 48) Thandinadi varmam 50) Ada varmam 52) Vanthi kalam 54) Choruthenda kalam 56) Hanuman varmam 58) Chuli varmam

III The Varma points located on the Upper & Lower limbs: (37) 60) Thuthikai varmam 62) Kavali varmam 64) Manikattu varmam 66) Mulankai varmam 68) Kocchu varmam 70) Puja varmam 72) Aani varmam 74) Chulukku varmam 76) Aaama kalam 78) Chirattai varmam 80) Channi varmam 82) Visha varmam 84) Kal kannu varmam 86) Nadai varmam 88) Mudichi Varmam 90) Naduviral chulikku varmam 92) Peruviral mayya varmam 94) Konachanni 96) Pathachakkaram. 61) Dhakshana kalam 63) Peruviral mayya varmam 65) Kannu varmam 67) Muttu varmam 69) Chulukku varmam` 71) Mozhi varmam 73) Pathakkala varmam 75) Kochu varmam 77) Thundu varmam 79) Muttu varmam 81) Naithalai varmam 83) Uppu Kuttri varmam 85) Kuthikal varmam 87) Kulachi varmam 89) Boomi kalam 91) Kal kavali 93) Adakka varmam 95) Komberi kalam

93

IV. GERIATRICS Definition Description Care and management of old aged persons old age diseases old age state of mind mental depression External changes. V. PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASES: Introduction Definition Types Treatment of the following diseases. 1) a) Brahmai noi b) Matham noi c) Mathathiyam noi d) Machariyam noi e) Soothika vatham f) Moorchai Apasmaram mayakkam. 2) Seizure disorders VI. THOKKANAM (Physical manipulation): Definition Types Descriptions according to Therantharu practical training Nasal applications Steam therapy - Fume therapy. VII. Definition, types, Description & treatment of the following diseases according to Yugivaidhya Chintamani. Vatha diseases Hemiplegia Arthritis VIII H.I.V. & A.I.D.S. IX. Diseases of Brain & Nerves: Sleep disorders Disorders of movement Sensory disturbance Speech, swallowing and brainstem disturbance Lower cranial nerve lesions Sphincter Disturbances Inflammatory diseases Degenerative diseases Parkinsons Disease Heriditary ataxias Disorders of spinal cord. X. Introduction to psychology and its application. Classification of psychiatric disorders Aetiological factors mental state of examination Manifestations of psychiatric illness Delusions and hallucinations Depressive symptoms Anxiety symptoms Deliberate self harm and Suicidal ideation Schizophrenia & Delusional disorders Mood disorders Neurotic, stress related and Somatoform disorders Disorders of Adult personality and behaviour.

94

95

96

97

Text Book: 1. Sirappu Maruthuvam By Dr. R. Thiyagarajan.

98

5. ARUVAI MARUTHUVAM INCLUDING ENBU MURIVU AND PAL MARUTHUVAM (SURGERY) 1) 2) Literary evidences for the antiquity of surgical practice in Siddha medicine Classification on the practice of treatment. Divine method (Vinnavarurai) Rational method (Manidarurai) Surgical (Asurarurai) (Aruvai, Agni, Karam and 25 sub divisions). 3) 4) Leech application sites of application and its therapeutic validity. Study of causes, signs, symptoms, classification, diagnosis, treatment (medical & surgical) for the following diseases. Veekam (abcess) Punkal (Ulcers) Kattigal (Tumours) Silaippun (Sinus ulcers & its treatment with karanool) Moolanoikal (Ano-rectal diseases) Arpaviranam (koppulam mugapparu Thavalaichori Akkul koppulam Akkul katti Akkul nilapoosani katti Akkul eraichal katti Putru vanmegam Aani Naga chutru Setrupun Maru Attathar kopulam Varagu koppulam) a) Bavuthiram b) Mega kattikal c) Yanaikkal d) Kandamalai e) Nagil katti f) Vithai noi g) Granthi noi h) Kalladaippu noi i) Aankuri noigal j) Penkuri noigal k) Thalai noigal Fistula-in-ano Diabetic skin leisions Filariasis Cervical adenitis Benign & malignant tumours of the breast Diseases of scrotum Chronic ulcers Renal calculi Diseases of the penis Diseases of the Vulva Diseases of the head method

Uchi noigal (Diseases of the scalp) Moolai noigal (Diseases of the brain) Pal noigal (Dental diseases) Eeru noigal (Diseases of the gums) Nakku noigal (Diseases of the tongue) Ulnakku noigal (Diseases of the uvula). 5) First aid Bandages sterilization Antisepsis Asepsis Surgical instruments (Siddha and modern instruments practical training) 6) Acute infectious and wounds principal organisms of sepsis Hospital infection & prevention practical training. 7) 8) General principles of surgery Pre and post operative care its management. Acute specific infections Tetanus, Gas gangrene, Anthrax, Moniliasis, Abscess, Cellulitis, Septicaemia, Bactremia, Pyemia, Wounds. 99

9)

Chronic infections Venerial diseases, Parasites (Actinomycosis), Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Syphilis, Gonorrhoea.

10) 11) 12) 13)

Inflammation Non- specific infectious diseases - cellulites, Carbuncle, Ulceration and gangrene. Specific infection Filariasis Trauma and its complications, haemorrhage, Shock, Pyemia (septicaemia, Bactreamia) and Blood transfusion Practical training.

14) 15)

Tumours and cysts Benign and malignant tumours. Fluid electrolyte and acid base balance Parenteral fluid therapy practical training contra indications to I.V therapy clinical guide to fluid requirement Alternative route for parentral fluid therapy Proctolysis, Transnasal intragastric tube Acidosis & Alkalosis.

16) 17)

Burns and Scalds. Viral skin infections : Callosites, Corns and warts, Papilloma, Molluscum,

Haemangioma, Malignant dieases of skin 18) a) b) Diseases of arteries Aneurysm, Embolism, Thrombosis Diseases of veins Thrombosis of vein, Varicose vein, Venous ulcer, Throbophlebitis c) Diseases of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes Lymph oedema, lymph adenitis, lymph adenoma(Hodgekins disease) 19) 20) Infection of Hand & Foot Injuries to bones : Fracture varieties X-ray findings complications indications for surgical treatment fracture of childhood reduction procedures with splints pop and modern techniques practical training. 21) Diseases of bones:Osteomyelitis Tuberculosis Rickets Scurvy Pagets disease Osterochondritis Acromegaly Tumours of bones (Benign and malignant) Secondary tumours. 22) Injury to Joints Dislocation of shoulder joint, Jaw etc.

100

23)

Diseases of Joints Acute suppurative, Gonococcal, syphilitic arthritis, chronic arthritis -

T B gummatous, Rheumatoid and osteo arthritis X-ray findings. 24) 25) Injuries to muscles and tendons Deformities-Scoliosis, kyphosis, cubitus valgus, Depuytrens contracture, Coxavara, Genuvalgum, flat foot. 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) Injury to vertebrae complications Skull fracture Diseases of breast Study of surgical methods in abdomen, Hydrocele, Hernia, Vasectomy, Tubectomy. 1) Diseases of Rectum, Anus, Fissure in ano etc. 2) Diseases of urinary bladder, Prostatic gland, retention of urine, calculus. 31) 32) 33) 34) 35) 36) 37) Diseases of urethra, Phymosis, Paraphymosis. Diseases of testis & scrotum Orchitis, Hydrocele, haematocele, inguinal hernia. Suture materials varities of suture practical training in suturing. Practical training in karanool treatment for fistula in ano. A knowledge of anaesthesia H I V & Aids Radiology X-ray, Ultra sound scan.

KAN, KATHU, MOOKKU, THONDAI MARUTHUVAM 1) 2) Theran Venba Yugi Chinthamani

KAN MARUTHUVAM (Eye diseases) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Definition of normal healthy eye Names of 96 eye diseases according to Agasthiyar nayana vithi Prophylactic measures Causes of eye diseases Classification of eye diseases according to Agasthiyar and Nagamuni nayana vithi Including their names, signs & symptoms, surgical treatment techniques and medicines 6) 7) 8) 9) Surgical treatment for Pitha kasam Suttigai or Ratchai treatment for Padalam Surgical treatment for Karunagappadalam Ratchai treatment for Ezhuchinoi 101

10) 11)

Surgical treatment for Mudamayir Medicines commonly used for Eye diseases: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Padalathi mathirai Kankasa mathirai Matcha Rethinadihi mathirai Ilaneer kuzhambu Chandrodhaya mathirai Narikelanjanam Pazhamkirambu pakkuva vennai Kandu Parpam Anda neer Kan thailam

12)

Comparision with modern diagnosis: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) Suzhal vanderithal Naga padalam Mayir puzhuvettu Amaram Kuvalai vippuruthi Vellezhuthu Vitreous opacities Peterigium Ulcerative blepharitis Opthalmia neonatorum Dacryocystits Presbyopia Epischleritis Trichiasis

Thurmamisa vazharchi Mudamayir -

13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19)

Cataract and its surgical treatment. Glaucoma and its treatment. Presbyopia, Myopia, Astigmatism, Nystagmus. A basic knowledge of operation of the eye ball. The causes and prevention of blindness. Hygiene of vision. Knowledge of natural blindness eradication programme.

KATHU MARUTHUVAM (Ear diseases) 102

Study of the following ear diseases with internal and external medicines Sevi vatha noi sevi soolai noi sevi sanni noi sevi vippuruthi noi Sevi yezhuchi, Sevi Karappal - sevikkuttam sevipparu sevippilavai 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Examination of the Ear with ear speculam. Diseases of the external inner ear. Acute and chronic suppurativeotittis media. Tumour of the ear. Tinnitus Deafness Examination of Audiometry.

MOOKKU MARUTHUVAM (Nasal diseases)

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

Examination of nose Nasal and paranasal sinus diseases. Injuries of the nose Epistaxis Nasal septal deviation. Rhinitis, nasal polyp. Foreign body in the nose.

THONDAI MARUTHUVAM (THROAT DISEASES)

1) 2) 3) 4)

Examination of the throat Infections of nasopharynx, Larynx, Tonsils, Adinoids, Esophagus. Neoplasms of the nasopharaynx Hoarseness or loss of voice.

103

REFERENCE BOOKS 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) Siddar Aruvai Maruthuvam By .Dr. Uthamarayana. HPIM. Kan maruthuvam By .Dr. Mohammed Iqbal . M. D(s). Agasthiyar nayanavithi Nagamuni nayanavithi Short practice of surgery By- Baily & love . Physical signs in clinical surgery By Dr. Doss. Immunization Schedules Siddha & Modern concepts. Agasthiar Rana Vaidhyam. Siddha Vaidya Thirattu. Theran Thylavarka Churakkam. Yugi Chinthamani.

104

AY UjYm, Tp, Gu UjYm

1. 2. AY UjYju RuUV [dm CXdVf NuLs. L[ Ydm \ \ iQY\ iQY\, UdL\ UdL\, AW\ AW\ (\ (\) (AY, Ad, LWm 25 EhLs) 3. 4. AhP Pp AhP m CPeLm, m SnLm rYm SVLu UjYm, RV]. AtTWQm: Ll[m, LlT, RY[[fN, Ads Ll[m, Ll[m, AdsLh, AdsXlNdLh, Ads GfNp Lh, t (YuLWLm), B, SLft, Ntli, U, BhPRo Ll[m, YW Ll[m. TjWm ULdLhLs V]dLp LiPUX SpLh R Sn Wk Sn LpXPl Sn Bi SnLs Ti SnLs RX SnLs Ef SnLs, [ SnLs, Tp SnLs, D SnLs, Sd SnLs, EsSd SnLs. 5. RR LhRp, io dLm, rRl, rdLm, AY fN LLs. (jR, Utm S] fNd LLs Tt\ Tt\) 6. 7. 8. 9. W Rtm, LVeLm Sn RtLs UjYU] TLl, Rl \ \Ls Tt Tt\ t\. AY UjY AlTP AY fNd UtLs[YQV LYlLs ARu TWUl um, um LWQeLs, QeLs, YLLs, SndLl,

dLm, iLs, LhLs, Xli, XSnLs.

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k)

W Sn RtLs PhP]v, Leu, BkWdv, gNdL[u Rt, LhLs, AZt SnLs, rdLh, dLh, LVm SsThP Rt SnLs
105

Tp ] SnLs, Jhi SnLs, LNSn, RSn, Wk, YhP Sn 10. 11. AZt ApX dLm Rt SnLs AZt SnLs, W_ [Y, iQRm, ALm. V]dLp 12. 13. 14. LVeLm, ARu [Lm, CWjR Jd, Aof, r CWjRm NjRp, Tt\ Tt\. LhLm LZXLmSuUWY, Sf UWYd LhLs. oU NUuT, NUuT, S[m Y NjRp, Tt\ Tt\, S[m Y NjRdPR XLs oUj RYdL] X, Ut \ \ UXdPp Y oUm Ht\ Ht\p, d YWm Y Ytts NjRp AXj RdLm, LWjRdLm. li, YdL YW]p Ym Rp Rt SnLs. a) RU SnLs AuNm, CWjR EWdLh APl, APl, CWjR E\ E\. b) W SnLs W CWjR E\ E\, s W (YLv Yu) Sfli, W CWjR E\ E\. c) Qo L[SnLs, Qod LdLp Ym SnLs, Qo dLm, Qo WlVZt, Qo RlTPXdLh. 18. 19. L, LpLp Ym Snj RtLs GmLp HtTm LVeLs YLLs GdvW RLs [L[ AY fNdL] ALs YVp HtTm vuh Xm fN Jm, S] fN \ \Lm Tt. 20. Gm SnLs Gm AZt, GmdSn, dLhv Sn, vLo, T_h Sn Gm jRmTZt, AdWUL, Gm LhLs, RPW X LhLs 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. hLp (A) TjLp HtTm LVeLs Rs Tj, UYn XLp, etc. Tj SnLs RNLs, RN SQLX HtTm LVeLs. F]m s[m LVeLs AR]p Ym u [Ls UiP K UoTL SnLs
106

15. 16. 17.

28. 29.

AY fN \ \Ls Y, WiPm, Pp dLm, LjRP \ \Ls (BQTi) a) UXdPp, UXYn SnLs, BN] Yl, etc. b) olT SnLs, WvRL[ SnLs. WLp, LpXPl

30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

ol Z Utm Bi SnLs AiP SnLs RVp TsLs RVp YLLs, RVp Tm \ \, Tt \ \. UXYp Ym [litL] LWp fN EQouU EYdm \ \TtV R Gf.I.. & Gnhv Lo fVp GdvLo vLu \ \Ls

Li, L, d, RiP UjYm Li UjYm

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. SpX Liu CVp ALjVo SV] lT LiQn Rit\u TVo. Lip Sn ALdLd LPldL YiTY. LiQn LWQeLs ALjVo, SL SV] lT LiQnLu YLLs LiQnLu TVoLs, QeLs, AY fN \Ls, UjYm. jR LNju AY fN \ TPXeLd hL ApX CWhN \. LSLl TPXjt AY UjYm. GfSnd CWhN UjYm.

10. PUd AY UjYm. 11. LiQnLdl TYLl TVuTjRlTm UkLs.

a) TPX UjW b) LiLN UjW c)

UfN CWj]UjW NkWRV UjW SL[gN]m

d) C[od [m e) f)

g) TZdWm TdY YiQn

107

h) Li TtTm i) j)

AiP o LQ RXm Zp YiPRp Uol Yh Y[ l Ys[j

12. Jl Sd
a) b) SLl TPXm c) d) AUWm e) f)

g) oUN Y[of h) PUo

13. Li Wm, AY UjYm. 14. AdLm, fN \m 15. Ys[j, hPlToY, R\pToY, VhPm 16. dL[ju CVdLjRl TtV AlTP A 17. YYRtL] LWQeLm, YWUp Rdm \Lm. 18. Li nU 19. \dP JlTRtL] lQo \.

L UjYm
L SnLm, AYtu AL, \ UjYm. N YR Sn Nf X Sn Nf Nu Sn N l Sn N GfSn Nd LWlTu Nd hPm Nl T Nl [Y 1. ALd L TNR]
108

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

ALl, \ L SnLs W, ShThP SdL r AZt L Lh Td LR N LRd L Xm TNR]

d UjYm
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. d TNR] d Utm dLX Es[ ElLp Ym N]v SnLs dd LVeLs dp CWjR Jd dPfYo UT dLZt, dLs AkVl TsLs

RiP UjYm
1. 2. 3. 4. RiPl TNR] UpRiP, WpY[, EsSd, A]n Wl, EQd Zn CYLp EQPm SnjRtLs. UpRQPp EQPm Y[Ls WpLmUp

Reference Books

1. jRo AY UjYm By Dr. EjRUWVu 2. ALvVo CWQ YjVm 3. ALvVo SV] 4. jR YjV Wh 5. Y Wd`oRm 6. RWu R 7. RWi Rp YodL dLm
109

8. RWu LNp 9. UjY TWRm 10. RWu VUL YiT 11. RWu YiT 12. kRU 13. Short practice of Surgery - By Baily & Love

110

6. SOOL, MAGALIR AND KUZHANTHAI MARUTHUVAM (Obstetrics and Gynecology and Paediatric Medicine) ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1) 2) 3) 4) Pelvis True pelvis, false pelvis, Diameters, axis, Pelvic floor. The female genital organs and physiology of the female genital organs. Maturation & fertilization of the ovum. Menstruation menarche, menopause and its functions including ovulation.

FERTILISATION 5) Fertilisation Siddha concept with modern concept. Semen Ovum fertilising ovum - Early development of ovum. 6) Embedding Placenta development, amniotic fluid, placenta, umbilicalcord etc- Foetal and maternal circulation. 7) Maternal changes due to pregnancy Uterus, cervix, ovary, fallopian tube, skin, breast, vagina. 8) Diagnosis of Pregnancy First trimester, Second & third trimester, Objective & subjective, other methods of diagnosis Ultrasonagram 9) Duration of pregnancy Antenatal care, Factors, personal hygiene,family planning siddha concepts compare with modern concepts. 10) Foetus Attitude, presentation, position, diameters of the foetal skull Methods of obstetric diagnosis, Vaginal Examination, GRIP 11) 12) Physilogy of Labour. Definition symptoms, first stage, second stage, third stage. Methods of study of uterine action Uterine contractions, cervical canal dilatations, the lower uterine segment, rupture of membrane Foetus Placental separation, delivery, uterine contraction. 13) Mechanism of Labour Vertex presentation, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, restitution, external rotation. 14) Conduct of Normal Labour Preparation of the patient, management of the second stage, save perineum, episiotomy, position, septic precautions, delivery of shoulders, ligation of the cord, Repair of perineal laceration, Management of the third stage, placenta examination, Retained placenta, care of the Baby. 15) Abnormal Presentations Occipito posterior, brow, face, breech, diagnosis, management, Transverse or oblique lie, Multiple pregnancy 16) 17) Normal Puerperium Care of the puerperium, care of the new born child. Pathology of Pregnancy Hyperemesis gravidarum, variola, Herpes, Rubella, T.B., Diabetes mellitus, Venereal diseases, Anaemia, Diseases of the Urinary System, 111

Surgical emergencies during pregnancy, Toxaemia of Pregnancy, Pre eclampsia, Eclampsia, Chronic hypertension. 18) Abortion Hydatidiform mole, Diseases of the Amnion, Hydramnies,

Oligohydramnios, Anamalies and diseases of the placenta and umbilical cord, Ectopic pregnancy. 19) 20) Antepartum Haemorrhage Postpartum Haemorrhage Placental Disorders. Pathology of Puerperium Puerperal infection, predisposing causes, organisms, investigation, signs and symptoms, breast abscess, Post portum pituitary hecrosis, Venous complication, Thrombophlebitis. MAGALIR MARUTHUVAM 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Female Disease Examination, Gynaec diagnosis. Udal Koorugal and Udal Thathuvam Pelvis, Pelvic floor, Genital parts, Vagina. Uterus, Fallopian tube, follicles, ovum. Menstruation, Menopause, Ovary disorders (PCOD). Menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhoea, classification D.U.B. Infertility Types in Siddha System compare with modern science, Diagnosis, Investigation, Treatment. 7) Diseases of the Vulva, skin lesions, sexually transmitted diseases (Viral Herpes contact vulvitis), Ulcers, Atrophy. Lichen sclerosis disorder cyst and Neoplam Pedunculated Lipomas, Projection, Malignant tumours of the Vulva, Diseases of the Vagina. 8) Physiological changes in the Vaginal Epithelium Siddha concept. Natural defence mechanism of the Vagina against infection Leucorrhea. Excessive cervical secretion, Cervical, Vaginal, Leucorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Cervical disorders, endometrial disorders, Vaginitis including carcinoma. 8) Sexually transmitted diseases. Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Chancroid, Warts, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, Candidiasis, AIDS, Scabies, Pediculosis. 9) Diseases of the Urinary System Nidamba Soolai etc. Sool Mahodaram etc. 10) Pathology conception Dysparunia. Difficult of Coitus. 11) Prolapse, displacement of the Uterus New growth of the uterus, fibroid, carcinoma of the cervix, uterus. 112

Soolmaruthuvam Text Book 1. Soolmaruthuvam by Dr. P.M. Venugaopal

Reference Books 1. 2. Text Book of Midwifery by John Stone. Antenatal Care by Browne.

Mahalir Maruthuvam Text Book 1. Mahalir Maruthuvam by Dr. P.M. Venugopal

Reference Books 1. Jeevaratchamirtham.

Pillaipini Matuthuvam Text Book 1. Balavagadam by C.S. Murugesa Mudaliar.

Reference Books 1. 2. 3. 4. Jeeva Ratchamirtham Athma Ratchamirtham Lectures on diseases of Children by Hutchinson. Disease of infancy & Childhood by Sheldom.

Balavagadam 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Piravi Noikal Thodam Mandham Kanai Karappan Akkaram Sanni Kazhichal Juram Valippu Sobai, Pandu, Kamalai - Kiranthi Congenital disorders. - Specific Paediatric diseases due to various actiology. - Common G.I.T. infections. - Primary Complex, common respiratory infection. - Various types of skin disorders. - Types of Oral Ulcers. - Delirium status. - Various types of diarrhea, dysentery. - Fevers, Common cause of infection. - Types of fits. - Anaemia, Dropsy, Jaundice.

Other diseases such as Kakkuvan, sevinoi etc.

113

114

115

ANNEXURE I Clinical Postings in various Departments for B.S.M.S. course of study will be as follows: II Professional B.S.M.S CLINICAL YEAR Marunnthu Sei Nilaiyam Marunthu Vazhangum Idam Noi Nadal (Cli. Pathology Lab.) Pothu Maruthuvam Sirappu Maruthuvam Aruvai Maruthuvam Sool, Magalir Maruthuvam & Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam III Professional B.S.M.S. CLINICAL YEAR Maruthuvam (General Medicine) Sirappu Maruthuvam Aruvai Maruthuvam Sool, Magalir & Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam Sattam Sarntha Maruthuvam

2 Months 2 Months 2 Months 3 Months 3 Months 3 Months 3 Months

By rotation

4 Months 4 Months 4 Months 4 Months 2 months

ANNEXURE II Course Duration and Hours of Working 1 Professional B.S.M.S. 1. Siddha Maruthua Adippadai Thathuvangalum Varalarum = 240 hrs. 2. Tamil Language = 216 hrs. 3. UyirVedhiyal = 324 hrs.(Theory and Practical) 4. Udal Koorugal-1 = 350 hrs.(Theory & Practical) 5. Udal Thathuvam I = 180 hrs. 6. Udal Koorugal II = 425 hrs. (Theory & Practical) 7. Udal Thathuvam II = 425 hrs. (Theory & Practical) Total(18 months X 20 working days X 6 hours)= 2160 hrs.

116

II Professional B.S.M.S. 1. Maruthuva Thavara lyal 2. Marunthiyal Adippadaihalum Marunthu Sei Muraihalum 3. Gunapadam -Paper I (Mooligai) 4. Noi Nadal - Paper I 5. Gunapadam Paper-II - Thathu - Vilanginam}

= 300 hrs. (Theory & Practical) = = = = 100 hrs. 300 hrs. (Theory & Practical) 160 hrs 300 hrs. (Theory & Practical)

6. Noi Nadal-II = 160 hrs (Principles of Modern Pathology) 7. Nunnuyirlyal . = 120 hrs. Clinical, Pharmacy and Dispensary Postings = 720 hrs. Total(18 months X 20 working days X 6 hours) = 2160 hrs. Final Professional B.S.M.S 1. Noi Anugavidhi Ozhukkam = 140 hrs. 2. Sattam Saarntha Maruthuvamum = 230 hrs. Nanju Noolum 3. Maruthuvam (General Medicine) = 230 hrs. (Pothu Maruthuvam) 4. Sirappu Maruthuvam including = 230 hrs. Yoga & Varmam (Sirappu Maruthuvam) 5. Aruvai Maruthuvam including Enbmurivu and Pal Maruthuvam = 230 hrs. 6. Sool Magalir Kuzhanthai Maruthuvam = 230 hrs. Clinical Postings = 870 hrs. Total(18 months X 20 working days X 6 hours) = 2160 hrs.

117