CONSTITUTIONAL LAW II

Atty. Ledilla Lilibeth H. Llagas, ED. D.

---- COURSE OUTLINE ----
Part II

People vs. Marti, GR No. 81561, Jan. 18, 1991
Ramirez vs. CA, Sep. 28, 1995
Gaanan vs IAC, 145 SCRA 112 (1986)
Valmonte vs. De Villa, 178 SCRA 211 (1989)
Zulueta vs. CA, 253 SCRA 699
Waterous Drug Corporation vs. NLRC, GR No. 113271, Oct. 16, 1997

E. Freedom of Expression and Assembly (Secs. 4, 7, and 8)
1. Freedom of Speech and Press (Sec 4)
1.1 Meaning and Scope
1.2. Aspects/Forms of Abridgment
a. Prior restraint
b. Subsequent Punishment
1.3. Tests
a. Dangerous Tendency
b. Clear and present danger
c. Balancing of interests
1. 4. Freedom of Expression and libel
Cases:U. S. vs. Felipe Bustos, 37 Phil. 731 (1918)
Lagunzad vs. Soto Vda. De Gonzales, 92 SCRA 476 (1979)
Ayer Productions Pty. Ltd. Vs. Capulong,160 SCRA 861 1988)
Arafiles vs. Phil. Journalists, Inc., GR No. 150256, Marc 25, 2004
1.5. Freedom of Expression and Administration of justice
Cases:In Re: Sotto, 82 Phil. 595 (1949)
Zaldivar vs. Gonzales, 166 SCRA 316 (1988)
Re: Request Radio-TV Coverage of the Trial in the
Sandiganbayan of the Plunder Case against the Former
Pres. Estrada, A. M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001
In Re: Atty. Leonard de Vera, A. M., No. 01-12-10-SC, July 29, 2002
Blue Ribbon Committee vs. Majaducon, GR No. 136760, Jul 29, 2003
In the Matter of Allegations contained in the columns of Mr. Macasaet
published in Malaya dated Sep. 18-21, 2008, A. M. No. 07-09-13-
SC, Aug. 8, 2008
1.6. Freedom of Expression and obscenity
Cases:Gonzales vs. Kalaw Katigbak, 137 SCRA 717 (1985)
Pita vs. CA, 178 SCRA 362, 1989
1.7. Freedom of Expression and Radio/TV Broadcasts and Electoral Process
Cases: Mutuc vs. COMELEC, 36 SCRA 228, 1970
Eastern Broadcasting Corp. vs. Dans, Jr. (137 SCRA 628, 1985
Sanidad vs. COMELEC, 207 SCRA 712 (1992)
ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. vs. COMELEC, GR No. 133486, Jan. 28, 2000
SWS vs. COMELEC, GR No. 147571, May 5, 2001
Chavez vs. Gonzales, GR No. 168338, Feb. 15, 2008

1.8. Freedom of Assembly and Petition
1.8a. Batas Pambansa 880 (The Public Assembly Act of 1985)
Cases:Malabanan vs. Ramento, 129 SCRA 359 (1984)
Villar vs. TIP, 135 SCRA 706 (1985)
Non vs. Dames II, 185 SCRA 523 (1990)
Subayco vs. Sandiganbayan, 260 SCRA 798 (1996)
Acosta vs. CA, 334 SCRA 486 (2000)
Bayan, et. al. vs. Ermita, et. al., GR Nos, 169838, 169848, Apr. 25, 2006
IBP vs. Mayor Atienza, GR No. 175242, Feb. 24, 2010
GSIS & Winston Garcia vs. Villariza, et. Al., GR No. 180291, Jul 27, 2010

2. Right to information, access to public records (Sec. 7)
Cases: Baldoza vs. Dimaano, 71 SCRA 14 (1976)
Legaspi Vs. CSC, 150 SCRA 530 (1987)
Valmonte vs. Belmonte, Jr., 170 SCRA 256 (1989)
Aquino-Sarmiento vs. Morato, GR No. 92541, Sep. 7, 1991
Chavez vs. Public Estates Authority, GR No. 133250, Jul 9, 2002
Guingona, Jr., et. al. vs. COMELEC, GR No. 191846, May 6, 2010
Antolin vs. Domondon, et. Al., GR Nos. 165036, 175705, Jul 5, 2010

3. Freedom of Association (Sec 8)
Cases:People vs. Ferrer, 56 SCRA 793 (1974)
Victoriano vs. Elizalde Rope Workers Union, 59 SCRA 54 (1974)
SSS Employees vs. CA, GR No. 85279, Jul 28, 1989
Manila Public School Teachers Assn. vs. Sec. of Education, 200 SCRA 323
Sta. Clara Homeowners Assn. vs. Gaston, 374 SCRA 396 (2002)
Padcom Condominium Assn. vs. Ortigas Center Assn., Inc.,GR No. 146807, May 9, 2002
BPI vs. BPI Employees Union, GR No. 164301, Aug. 10, 2010

F. Freedom of Religion (Sec. 5)
Cases:Ebralinag vs. Superintendent, GR No. 95770, Mar 1, 1993
Centeno vs. Villalon-Pornillos, GR No. 113092, Sep 1, 1994
Islamic Dawah Council of the Phil., Inc. vs. Office of the
Executive Secretary, 405 SCRA 497 (2003)
Alejandro Estrada Vs. Soledad S. Escritor, A.M. No. P-02-165, June 22, 2006
Eliseo F. Soriano Vs. Ma. Consoliza P. Laguardia etc.,
G.R. No. 164785/G.R. No. 165636, April 29, 2009

G. Freedom of Movement:Liberty of Abode & Rights to Travel (Sec. 6)
Cases:Villavicencio vs. Lukban, 39 Phil. 778 (1919)
Manotok, Jr. vs. CA, 142 SCRA 149 (1986)
Santiago vs. Vasquez, 217 SCRA 633 (1993)
Marcos vs. Sandiganbayan, 247 SCRA 127
Yap vs. CA, GR No. 141529, Jun 6, 2001

H. Non-Impairment of Obligation of Contracts (Sec. 10)
Cases:Sangalang vs. IAC, 168 SCRA 634 (1988)
Harrison Motors Corp. vs. Navarro, 331 SCRA 202 (2000)
Ortigas & Company, Ltd. Vs. CA, GR No. 126102, Dec 4, 2000
Republic vs. Francisco, GR No. 139256, Dec. 27, 2002
Phil. Rural Electric Cooperatives Assn., Inc. vs. Secretary, DILG, 403 SCRA 558 (2003)
United BF Homeowners Asso., Inc., et.al. vs. The City Mayor of Paranaque, GR No. 141010,
Feb. 7, 2007
The Learning Child, Inc., et. al. vs. Ayala Alabang Village Association, et.al., GR Nos.
134269/134440/1445, July 7, 2010

I. Free Access to the Courts and Other Quasi-Juidicial Bodies (Sec. 11)
J. Post-Arrest Rights of the Accused: Custodial Investigation (Sec. 12)

1. Rights of persons under custodial investigation: Right to silence, to counsel, and to Miranda warnings
Cases:Miranda vs. Arizona, 384 US 436, 1966
Pp. vs. Judge Ayson, GR No. 85215, Jul 7, 1989
Pp. vs. Ordono, GR No. 132154, June 29, 2000
Pp. vs. Molina. GR No. 141129, Dec. 14, 2001
Pp. vs. Tulin, GR No. 11709, Aug 30, 2001
Pp. vs. Caralipio, GR No. 137765, Nov. 27, 2002
Pp. vs. Garcia, 400 SCRA 229 (2003)
Pp. vs. Endino, 352 SCRA 307
1.1. Prosecution has burden to prove warnings
Cases:Pp. vs. Nicandro, 141 SCRA 289 (1986)
1.2. Custodial phase of investigation: police line-up/paraffin Test
Cases: Pp. vs. Amestuzo , GR No. 104383 Jul 12, 2001
Pp. vs. Piedad, GR No. 131923, Dec. 5, 2002
Pp. vs. De Guzman, 224 SCRA93
1.3. Meaning of independent counsel/of his choice
Cases: Pp. vs. Ordono, GR No. 132154, June 29, 2000
Pp. vs. Bandula, 232 SCRA 565
Pp. vs. Januario, 267 SCRA 608
Pp. vs. Barasina, 229 SCRA 450
Pp. vs. Continente, GR No. 100801, Aug 25, 2000
Pp. vs. Espiritu, GR No. 128287, Feb 2, 1999
1.4. Requirements for Warnings to be valid
Cases:Pp. vs. Nicandro, 141 SCRA 289 (1986)
Pp. vs. Canela, 208 SCRA 842
Pp. vs. Samolde, GR No. 128551, Jul 31, 2000
Pp. vs Alberto, GR No. 132374, Aug. 22, 2002

2. Tests of waiver of Miranda rights
2.1. Sec. 12 (1): Exception
Case:Pp. vs. Albofera, 152 SCRA 123

2.2 What may be waived: Right to remain silent and to counsel
2.3. What may not be waived: Right to be given Miranda warnings
2.4. Exclusionary Rule: Inadmissible in evidence (Sec. 12(3))
a. Confession secured by deceit
Cases:Pp. vs. Naag, 322 SCRA 710 (2000)
Pp. vs. Ragos, 351 SCRA 336 (2001)
Pp. vs. Morid, GR No. 129295, Aug. 15, 2001
b. Confession obtained by torture/coercion
Cases:Pp. vs. Ortilla, 129 SCRA 250 (1984)
Pp. vs. Dueas, GR No. 151286, Mar 31, 2004
c. Trial confession in non-custodial setting
Cases:Pp. vs. Encipido, 146 SCRA 478 (1988)
Pp. vs. Moises-Marcos, 147 SCRA 204 (1987)
Pp. vs. Maqueda, GR No. 112983, March 22, 1995
d. Right to counsel in administrative investigation
Cases:Galman vs. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 294 (1985)
Remolona vs. CSC, GR No. 137473, Aug 2, 2001
Astudillo vs. Pp., GR No. 159734, Nov. 30, 2006
e. Right to counsel before officer conducting preliminary investigation
Cases:Pp. vs. Abano, 145 SCRA 555 (1986)
Pp. vs. Espanola, GR No. 119308, Apr. 18, 1997
f. Right to counsel during identification confrontation
Case:Pp. vs. Usman Hassan, 157 SCRA 261 (1988)
g. Uncounselled confession
Cases:Pp. vs. Bariquit, GR No. 135406, Jul 11, 2000
Pp. vs. Janson, 400 SCRA 584
Pp. vs. Antonio Lauga y Pina @ Terio, G.R. No. 186228. March 15, 2010
h. Signing Receipts
Cases:Pp. vs. De Guzman, 194 SCRA 601
Pp. vs. Policarpio, 158 SCRA 85 (1988)
i. Part of Res Gestae: Admissible
Cases:Pp. vs. Dy, 158 SCRA 111
Pp. vs. Marra, 1994
3. Guidelines for Arresting/Investigating Officers
Case:Pp. vs. Mahinay, GR No. 122485, Feb. 1, 1999

J. Right to Bail (Sec. 13)
1. When right may be invoked
Cases:Pp. vs. San Diego, 26 SCRA 522 (1968)
Lavides vs. CA, 324 SCRA 321 (2000)
Government of USA vs Purganan & Jimenez, GR No. 148571,September 24, 2002
Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, etc. Vs. Felixberto T. Olalia, Jr., et
al.,G.R. No. 153675, Apr 19, 2007
2. When right may not be invoked
3. Exceptions
Cases:Carpio vs. Judge Magalang, 196 SCRA 41
Pp. vs. Reyes, 212 SCRA 402
Comendador vs. de Villa, 200 SCRA 80
3.1. Restriction of provisional liberty
Cases:Manotoc, Jr. vs. CA, 142 SCRA 149 (1986)
4. Standards for fixing bail
Cases:Villaseor vs. Abao, 21 SCRA 312 (1967)
Camara vs. Enage, 41 SCRA 1 (1971)
Magsucang vs. Balgos, 398 SCRA 158 (2003)
5. Waiver of the right
Cases:Pp. vs. Judge Donato, GR No. 79269, June 5, 1991
6. Application for bail moots habeas corpus
Cases:Callanta vs. Villanueva, 77 SCRA 377 (1977)
Bagcal vs. Villaraza, 120 SCRA 525 (1983)

K. Rights of the Accused During Trial/Constitutional Rights of the Accused (Sec. 14)
1. Criminal Due Process (See Due Process:Outline)
2. Presumption of Innocence
Cases:Pp. vs. Quintal, 125 SCRA 734 (1983)
Pp. vs.Bato, GR No. 113804, Jan 16, 1998
Corpus vs. Pp., 194 SCRA 73
3. Right to be heard personally or by counsel
Cases:Pp. vs. Holgado, 85 Phil. 752 (1950)
Pp. vs. Mercado, 397 SCRA 746 (2003)
Pp. vs. Mala, 411 SCRA 327 (2003)
3.1. Filing of demurrer to evidence is a waiver of right to be heard (Rule 119, Sec.5)
4. Right to be informed of nature and cause of accusation
Cases:Pp. vs. Crisologo, 150 SCRA 653
Pp. vs. Ortega, 276 SCRA 166
Pp. vs. Alba, GR Nos. 131858-59, Apr. 15, 1999
Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan, 115 SCRA 793
Pp. vs. Sanchez, 411 SCRA288 (2003)

5. Right to speedy, impartial and public trial
5.1. speedy
Cases:Flores vs. people, 61 SCRA 331
Pp. vs. Sesbreo, Sep. 9, 1999
Tai Lim vs. CA, Oct. 26, 1999
De Zuzuarregui vs. Rosete, A. M. No. MTJ-02-1426, May 9, 2002
5.2. public
Cases:In re: Petition for radio and TV Coverage of Multiple Murder cases
against Maguinadnao Gov. Zaldy Ampatuan, et. al., AM No.10-15-5-SC/AM No. 10-11-6-SC/AM
No. 10-11-7-SC, June 14, 2011
Garcia vs. Domingo, 52 SCRA 143 (1973)
5.3. impartial trial(see cases on procedural due process )

6. Right to personal confrontation
6.1. Admission of hearsay violates right to confrontation
Cases:Pp. vs. Ramos, 122 SCRA 312
Pp. vs. Escote, 400 SCRA 603 (2003)
Vertudes vs. Buenaflor, GR No. 153166, Dec. 16, 2005
Sps. Henry & Rosario Uy vs. Hon. Judge Adriano, et. al., GR No. 159098,Oct. 27, 2006
7. Right to secure attendance of witnesses/compulsory process
Cases:Pp. vs. Chua, GR No. 128280, Apr. 4, 2001
Pp. vs Bardaje, 99 SCRA 388
8. Trial in absentia
Cases:Borja vs. Mendoza, 77 SCRA 442
Pp. vs. Salas, 143 SCRA 163 (1986)
Gimenez vs. Nazareno, 160 SCRA 1 (1988)
9. When presence of accused mandatory/a duty
9.1. during arraignment
9.2. during trial for identification
9.3. during promulgation of sentence, except for light offense
Cases:Aquino, Jr. vs. Military Commission No. 2, 63 SCRA 546 (1975)

L. Privilege of writ of Habeas Corpus ( Sec. 15)
1. Definition of Writ of Habeas Corpus
2. When available
3. When not available
4. Distinguished from Writ of Amparo
5. Distinguished from Writ of Habeas Data
Cases:Cases:Tijing vs. CA, GR No. 125901, Mar 8, 2001
Ilusurio vs. Bildner, GR No. 139789, May 12, 2000
Dizon vs. Eduardo, 158 SCRA 470
In the Matter of Petition for a Writ of Habeas Corpus, et. al. vs. Lt. Gen.
Hermogenes Esperon, et. al., GR No. 174994, Aug 31, 2007
Daniel Masangka Y Tapuz, et al. Vs. Hon. Judge Elmo Del Rosario,et al., G.R. No.182484, June
17, 2008
The Secretary of National Defense, et al. Vs. Manalo, G.R. No. 180906. October 7, 2008
Gen. Avelino Razon, Jr., et. al. vs. Mary Jean B. Tagitis, represented by Atty. Arcilla, Jr., GR No.
182498, Dec. 3, 2009
In the Matter of Petition for the Writ of Amparo and the Writ of Habeas
Data in favor of Melissa C. Roxas, GR No. 189155, Sept. 7, 2010
Manila Electric Co., Alexander Deyto and Ruben Sapitula vs. Rosario
Gomez Lim, GR No. 184769, Oct. 5, 2010

M. Right to speedy disposition of cases (Sec. 16)
1. Relate to the right of accused (Art. III, Sec. 14)
Cases:Roque vs. Office of the Ombudsman, 307 SCRA 104 (1999)
Abadia vs. CA, 236 SCRA 676
Lee vs. Pp., GR No. 137914, Aug. 6, 2002
Bernal vs. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 158018, May 20, 2004
Raul Tello vs. Pp., GR No. 165781, Jun 5, 2009


N. Privilege against self-incrimination (Sec. 17)
1. Proceedings where available
Cases:Pascual vs. Board of Medical Examiners, 28 SCRA 344
2. When not available
Cases:Pp. vs. Gallarde, GR No. 133025, Feb 27, 2000
Beltran vs. Samson, 53 Phil. 570
Irene K. Nacu, etc. vs. Civil Service Commission, et. al., GR No. 187752,Nov. 23, 2010
3. Immunity
3.1. Use and fruit immunity (Art. XIII, Sec. 18(8)
3.2. Transactional immunity (R. A. 1379, Sec. 8)
Cases:Galman vs. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 274
4. Waiver available

O. Non-detention by reason of political beliefs or aspirations / Involuntary Servitude (Sec. 18)
1. Some exceptions
a. punishment for a crime
b. service in defense of the State ( Art. II, Sec. 4)
c. naval (merchant marine) enlistment
d. return to work order in industries affected with public interest
Cases:Aclaracion vs. Gatmaitan, 64 SCRA 131, 135 (MAY 26, 1975)

P. Prohibited punishments (Sec. 19)
Cases:Pp. vs. Dionisio, 22 SCRA 1299
Del Rosario vs. Bengzon, 180 SCRA 521

Q. Non-imprisonment for Debt ( Sec. 20)
Cases:Serafin vs. Lindayag, 67 SCRA 166

R. Double Jeopardy
1. Requisites
a. Valid complaint or information
Cases:Icasiano vs. Sandiganbayan, 209 SCRA 377
b. Filed before a competent court
Cases:Pp. vs. Galano, 75 SCRA 193
c. Valid plea
Cases:Pp. vs. Balisacan, 17 SCRA 1119
d. Termination of the case
Cases:Paulin vs. Judge Gimenez, 217 SCRA 386
Tupaz vs. Judge Ulep, GR No. 127777, Oct. 1, 1999
Pp. vs. Quizada, 160 SCRA 516
Pp. vs. City Court of Silay, 74 SCRA 248
Esmena vs. Pogoy, 102 SCRA 861
Toyoto vs. Ramos, 139 SCRA 316
Pp. vs. CA and Tangan, GR No. 102612, Feb. 13, 2001
Pp. vs. Feliciano, GR No. 136258, Oct. 10, 2001
People vs Uy, GR No. 158157, September 30, 2005
People of the Philippines Vs. Hon. Enrique C. Asis, etc., et al.,G.R. No. 173089. August 25, 2010
Joseph Cerezo vs. Pp., GR No. 185230, Jun 1, 2011
Hon. Waldo Flores, et. al. vs. Atty. Antonio Montemayor, GR No. 170146, Jun 8, 2011


2. Crimes Covered
Case:Pp. vs. Sarabia, GR No. 142024, Jul 20, 2001
a. Doctrine of Supervening event
Case:Pp. vs. Judge Villarama, 210 SCRA 246
b. Inseparable Offenses
Case:Perez vs. CA, 168 SCRA 236
c. Act Violating Law and Ordinance
Case:Pp. vs. Relova, 148 SCRA 292

S. Ex-Post Facto Law and Bill of Attainder (Sec. 22)
1. Ex-Post Facto Law
a. Kinds
b. Characteristics
Cases:Bayot vs. Sandiganbayan, 128 SCRA 383
Pp. vs. Ferrer, 43 SCRA 381
Pp. vs. Sandiganbayan, 211 SCRA 241
Rodriguez vs. Sandiganbayan, 120 SCRA 659
Katigbak vs. Solicitor General, 180 SCRA 540
Rosario Nasi-Villar vs. Pp., GR No. 176169, Nov. 14, 2008
2. Bill of Attainder
a. Definition
b. Characteristics
Cases:Pp. vs. Ferrer, 43 SCRA 381



















II. CITIZENSHIP (Article IV)


A. Definition as distinguished from Nationality
B. Usual modes of acquiring citizenship
1. By birth
a. jus soli
b. jus sanguinis
2. By naturalization
3. By marriage

C. Citizens of the Philippines (Sec. 1)
1. Under the 1987 Constitution (par. 1)
* With reference to 1973 Constitution
** With reference to 1935 Constitution
Cases:Elizabeth Lee vs. Director of Lands, GR No. 128195,Oct. 3, 2001
Tecson/Velez vs. COMELEC and Poe, GR No. 161434,March 3, 2004


2. Children of Filipino fathers and mothers (par. 2)
* Compared to 1935 Constitution
* Compared to 1973 Constitution
Case:Valles vs. COMELEC, GR No. 137000, Aug. 9, 2000
3. Citizens by election (par. 3)
a. scope of the right of election under 1935 Constitution
b. right of election given by 1973 and 1987 Constitution compared to the right of election given by
the 1935 Constitution

Case:Co vs. House Electoral Tribunal, GR No.s. 92191-92,Jul 30, 1991
In re: Ching, Bar Matter No. 914, Oct. 1, 1999
4. Naturalization (par. 4)
a. Definition
b. Modes
i. Direct
ii. Derivative
c. Effects
d. R. A. 9139 (Administrative Naturalization Law of 2000)
e. Denaturalization
Case: Sy-Limkaichong vs. COMELEC, et. al., GR Nos. 178831-32/179120/179132-D.
33/179240-41, Apr 1, 2009

D. Natural-Born Citizens (Sec. 2)
1. Definition
2. Scope

E. Loss and Reacquisition of Citizenship (Sec. 3)
1. Loss of citizenship
a. Modes
Cases:Yu vs. Defensor-Santiago, 169 SCRA 364, 1989
Frivaldo vs. COMELEC, 174 SCRA 245, 1989
Labo vs. COMELEC, 176 SCRA 1, 1989
Aznar vs. Osmena, 185 SCRA 703, 1990
Coquilla vs. COMELEC, GR No. 151914, Jul 31, 2002
2. Reacquisition of citizenship
a. Modes
Cases:Angat vs. Republic, GR No. 132244, Sep 14, 1999
Bengzon vs. HRET, GR No. 142840, May 7, 2001
R. A. 9225 (Citizenship Retention and Reacquisition Act)
Case:De Guzman vs. COMELEC, GR No. 180048, June 19, 2009
F. Marriage to an alien spouse (Sec. 4)
1. General rule
2. Exception

G. Dual Allegiance (sec. 5)
1. Dual citizenship
2. Dual allegiance
Case: Mercado vs. Manzano, 307 SCRA 630
Cordora vs. COMELEC, GR No. 176947, Feb. 19, 2009

IV. SUFFRAGE (Article V)
A. Nature: Right and Duty
Case:AKBAYAN vs. COMELEC, GR No. 147066, Mar 26, 2001
B. Qualifications to exercise the right
Case: Romualdez vs. RTC, GR No. 104960, Sep 14, 1993
Fermin vs. COMELEC, et. al., GR Nos. 179695, 182369, Dec. 18, 2008
Velasco vs. COMELEC, et. al., GR No. 180051, Dec. 24, 2008
C. Prohibited Qualifications: Literacy test/Property
D. R. A. 9189 (The Overseas Absentee Voting Act)
Cases: Macalintal vs. COMELEC, GR No. 157013, Jul 10, 2003
Lewis, et. al. vs. COMELEC, GR No. 162759

V. SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS (Article XIII)

A. Social Justice (Secs. 1 -3)
Cases:GSIS & Winston Garcia vs. Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa sa GSIS, GR No.
170132, Dec. 6, 2006
Brugada vs. Secretary of DECS, GR Nos. 142332-43, Jan. 31, 2005

B. Agrarian and Natural Resources Reform (Secs. 4-8)
C. Urban Land Reform and Housing (Secs. 9-10)
Case:Manapat vs. CA & NHA & Consolidated Cases,GR No. 110478, Dec. 15, 2007
D. Health (Secs. 11-13)
E. Women (Sec. 14)
* Correlate with existing laws on Women
F. Human Rights (Secs. 17-19)
Cases:DAR vs. DECS, GR No. 158228, March 23, 2004
Cario vs. Commission on Human Rights, GR No. 96681, Dec. 2, 1991
Export Processing Zone Authority vs. Commission on Human Rights
CHR, GR No. 101476, Apr. 14, 1994
Simon, Jr. vs. CHR, GR No. 100150, Jan. 5, 1994

VI. EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS, CULTURE, AND SPORTS EDUCATION
(Article XIV)
Education (Secs. 1-5)
Academic Freedom
Definition
Scope
Language (Secs. 6-13)
Arts and Culture (Secs. 14-18)
Sports (Sec. 19)
Cases:Lupangco vs. CA, 160 SCRA 848 (1988)
University of San Carlos vs. CA, 166 SCRA 570 (1988)
DECS vs. San Diego, 180 SCRA 534 (1989)
Board of Medical Education vs. Judge Alfonso and Phil. Muslim-
Christian College of Medicine, 176 SCRA 304 (1989)
Capitol Medical Center vs. CA, 178 SCRA 493 (1989)
Non vs. Judge Dames, 185 SCRA 523 (1990)
Reyes vs. CA, GR No.94961, Feb. 25, 1991
Tan vs. CA, GR No. 97238, Jul 15, 1991
U. P. Board of Regents vs. CA, GR No. 134625, Aug. 31, 1999
Miriam College Foundation, Inc. vs. CA, GR NO. 127930, Dec. 15, 2000
Morales vs. BOR of U.P., GR No. 161172, Dec. 13, 2004
NLRC, St. Jude Catholic School, et. al., vs. Salgarino,
GR No. 164376, Jul 31, 2006
BSU vs. CA, GR No. 169637, June 8, 2007
De La Salle University, Inc., et. al. vs. CA, et. al., GR No. 127980, Dec. 19, 2007