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    EC05032!Notes 8 PDF

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    ms_aramana
    The document describes a switching modulator circuit that uses a diode and resistor load to amplitude modulate a carrier signal. The diode acts as a switch, presenting zero impedance when forward biased and infinite impedance when reverse biased. This results in the load voltage varying periodically between the input voltage value and zero at the carrier frequency rate. Mathematically, this switching operation can be represented as a multiplication of the input signal by a periodic pulse train. After applying a Fourier series, the load voltage is shown to contain the desired amplitude modulated wave and some unwanted terms that need filtering.

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    EC05032!Notes 8 PDF

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    ms_aramana
    34 views2 pages
    The document describes a switching modulator circuit that uses a diode and resistor load to amplitude modulate a carrier signal. The diode acts as a switch, presenting zero impedance when forward biased and infinite impedance when reverse biased. This results in the load voltage varying periodically between the input voltage value and zero at the carrier frequency rate. Mathematically, this switching operation can be represented as a multiplication of the input signal by a periodic pulse train. After applying a Fourier series, the load voltage is shown to contain the desired amplitude modulated wave and some unwanted terms that need filtering.

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    The document describes a switching modulator circuit that uses a diode and resistor load to amplitude modulate a carrier signal. The diode acts as a switch, presenting zero impedance when forward biased and infinite impedance when reverse biased. This results in the load voltage varying periodically between the input voltage value and zero at the carrier frequency rate. Mathematically, this switching operation can be represented as a multiplication of the input signal by a periodic pulse train. After applying a Fourier series, the load voltage is shown to contain the desired amplitude modulated wave and some unwanted terms that need filtering.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views2 pages

    EC05032!Notes 8 PDF

    Uploaded by

    ms_aramana
    The document describes a switching modulator circuit that uses a diode and resistor load to amplitude modulate a carrier signal. The diode acts as a switch, presenting zero impedance when forward biased and infinite impedance when reverse biased. This results in the load voltage varying periodically between the input voltage value and zero at the carrier frequency rate. Mathematically, this switching operation can be represented as a multiplication of the input signal by a periodic pulse train. After applying a Fourier series, the load voltage is shown to contain the desired amplitude modulated wave and some unwanted terms that need filtering.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Analog Communications

    Unit 1
    Lecture Notes 8
    Switching Modulator

    Switching modulator:
    A switching modulator is shown in Fig 1a, where it is assumed that
    the carrier wave c(t) applied to the diode is large in amplitude, so that it swings right
    across the characteristic curve of the diode. We assume that the diode acts as an ideal
    switch; that is, it presents zero impendence when it is forward-biased [corresponding to
    c(t) > 0] and infinite impendence when it is reverse-biased [corresponding to c(t) < 0].

    Fig .1(a) Circuit diagram for Switching Modulator

    Fig 1.(b)Idealised input output relation for Switching Modulator

    The transfer characteristic of the diode-load resistor combination by a piecewise-linear


    characteristic, as shown in Fig 1b. Accordingly, for an input voltage v1(t) given by
    v1 (t ) = Ac cos(2f c t ) + m(t )

    (1)

    Where m(t)<< Ac, the resulting load voltage v2(t) is


    v1 (t ),
    v 2 (t ) =
    0,

    c(t ) > 0
    c(t ) < 0

    T. Kalpana,ECE,GMRIT

    www.jntuworld.com

    (2)

    www.jntuworld.com

    www.jwjobs.net

    Analog Communications

    Unit 1
    Lecture Notes 8

    That is, the load voltage v2(t) varies periodically between the values v1(t) and zero at a
    rate equal to the carrier frequency fc. In this way, by assuming a modulating wave that is

    weak compared with the carrier wave, we have effectively replaced the nonlinear
    behavior of the diode by an approximately equivalent linear time-varying operation.
    We may express Eq 2 mathematically as
    v 2 (t ) = [Ac cos(2f c t ) + m(t )]g p (t )

    (3)

    Where gp(t) is a periodic pulse train of duty cycle equal to one half and period T0 = 1/fc,
    as in Fig 2. Representing this gp(t) by its Fourier series, we have

    n 1

    g p (t ) =

    1
    2 ( 1)
    +
    cos[2f c t (2n 1)]
    2 n = 1 2n 1

    (4)

    1
    2
    = + cos(2f c t ) + odd harmonic components
    2

    Therefore substituting Eq 4 in 3. We find that the load voltage v2(t)

    v 2 (t ) =

    Ac
    2

    4
    m(t ) cos(2f c t ) + unwanted terms
    1 +
    Ac

    (5)

    The first term of Eq 5 is the desired AM wave with amplitude sensitivity K a = 4

    Ac .

    The unwanted terms are removed from the load voltage v2(t) by means of a band-pass
    filter.

    T. Kalpana,ECE,GMRIT

    www.jntuworld.com

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