Electronic Circuit Analysis Lab Manual
Electronic Circuit Analysis Lab Manual
Electronic Circuit Analysis Lab Manual
DEPARTMENT
OF
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
JULY 2012
Lab Incharge
Dept of ECE
MITS
LAB WISE-LABMANAUALS
MITS / ECE
DEPARTMENT : ECE
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
LABORATORY MANUAL
DEPARTMENT
OF
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
JULY 2012 -2013
Dept of ECE
INDEX
S.NO
PAGE NO
SOFT WARE:
1. COMMON EMITTER AMPLIFIER
10
14
17
19
22
28
HARD WARE:
9. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFER
31
34
37
41
43
45
ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS:
15. SERIES VOLTAGE REGULATOR
48
50
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using DC
operating point analysis (simulate----analysis ---- DC operating point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate ---- analysis ----- AC analysis)
3.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
oscilloscope
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EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:Dept of ECE
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PROCEDURE:- 1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate----analysis ---- DC operating
point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate ---- analysis ----- AC analysis)
3..Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Oscilloscope
EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:
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RESULT:
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Q1) Design a single stage transistor amplifier with potential divider circuit
(using an npn si transistors) with following specifications.
IC=1.6ma,VCE=7.6v,RC=2.2k,VCC=12v, I1=10IB and =54. Verify the DC
values (Voltage and current) at various nodes using Multisim software
DESIGN: IB=IC/
VCC=IC(RC+RE)+VCE ;
RE=0.516k V2=VBE+ICRE ; V2=
V2=I1R2 ; R2=V2/(I1=10IB) ;
I1=VCC/(R1+R2) ; (R1+R2)=
R1=
PROCEDURE: Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
Q2) Design a single stage transistor amplifier with potential divider circuit
(using
an
npn
si
transistors)
with
following
specifications.
IB=IC/ =
VCC=IC(RC+RE)+VCE ;
RE=0.51k V2=VBE+ICRE ;
V2=I1R2 ; R2=V2/(I1=10IB) ;
I1=VCC/(R1+R2) ; (R1+R2)=
PROCEDURE: Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
analysis
DC
10
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11
Q3) Cascade above two stages and find overall gain (choose Cc=4.7f,
Ce=470f, hfe=50) find the frequency response, DC operating points and
parameter sweep of load resister.
ANALYSIS:
Stage-2: AI2= -hfe/(1+hoeRL2) ;
Ri2 = hie+hreAI2RL2 ;
Av2= -AI2*RL2/Ri2 ;
Stage -1: RL1
AI1 =
Ri1 =
Av1 =
Overall gain Av = Av1*Av2
Avs = Av*Ri/(Ri+RS) ; Ri =
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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PROCEDURE:- 1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate----analysis ---- DC operating
point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate ---- analysis ----- AC analysis)
3..Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Oscilloscope
EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:
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13
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
R
I
F
I E R F E R E
I
I
I
I
I
R
C2
B2
C1
AI I I
I
I
IB1
S
B2
C1
B1
S
I
I
C2 hFE 50, C1
hFE 50
I
I
B2
B1
I
R
C2
I R CR1
C1
C1
I2
I
R
IB1 R hie
S
AI
D 1 AI
A
D =
IF
A
VF
V
0
VS
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R
O
C2
IS RS
A
IF
C2
RS
14
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:- 1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate----analysis ---- DC operating
point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate ---- analysis ----- AC analysis)
3..Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Oscilloscope
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15
EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:
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16
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RESULT:
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1
___________
2Rc(6+4K)
WHERE K=Rc/R
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
VCC
R1
100kohm
R3
4kohm
C2
10
C1
Q2
4
2N2222A
10uF
R2
11
R4
1kohm
22kohm
100uF
C6
C5
C4
7
9
R7
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R6
R5
20
PROCEDURE: Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results
using Oscilloscope.
RESULT:
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21
AIM :
To study the operation of Class A, Class AB, Class B, Class C power
amplifiers.
APPARATUS:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
V2 12V R2
1kohm
R5
1kohm
47uFC2
R1
47uF
R3
30kohm
C1
XSC1
Q1
PN2369A
A
100ohm
V1
50mV
35.36mV_rms
1000Hz
0Deg
R4
100ohm
THEORY:
The classification of amplifiers is based on the position of the quiescent
point and extent of the characteristics that is being used to determine the method
of operation.
There are 4 classes of operations.They are
1.Class A
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2.Class AB
3.Class B
4.Class C
22
CLASS A:- In class A operation the quiescent point and the input signal are such
that the current in the output circuit (at the collector) flows for all times. Class A
amplifier operates essentially over a linear portion of its characteristic there by
giving rise to minimum of distortion .
CLASS B:- In class B operation , the quiescent point is at an extreme end of the
characteristic , so that under quiescent conditions the power drawn from the dc
power supply is very small .If the input signal is sinusoidal, amplification takes
place for only half cycle.
CLASS AB:- A class AB amplifier is the one that operates between the two
extremes defined for class A and Class B. Hence the output signal exists for
more than 1800 of the input signal.
CLASS C :- In class C operation, the quiescent operating point is chosen such
that output signal (voltage or current)is zero for more than on half of the input
sinusoidal signal cycle.
PROCEDURE:
1. An input sine wave (peak-peak)of 50mV is applied to the circuit.
2. connect the output to the C.R.O.
3. varying R3 value, observe and record the output waveforms for different
classes of operation.
4. Also observe the Vi & Vo waveforms using parameter sweep for different
classes of operation.
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Electronic Circuits
Analysis Lab Manual
OBSERVATIONS:
CLASS A:
CLASS AB :
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Electronic
Circuits
Analysis Lab
Manual
CLASS B :
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CLASS C :
RESULT :
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1
_____________
2(Rs + Ri)Cb
2. To calculate RL
Av = - hfb RL/Ri
Overall gain = Avs = Av * Ri/(Ri+Rs)
For the above circuit Ri1=Ri = hib
Avs = - hib * RL1/(Ri+Rs) ;
RL1= RL// Rc
2RL C sh
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
XSC1
G
A
Rs
10
Cb 10uF
11
12
100ohm
V1
Re
1kohm
10uF
BC107BP
1000Hz
0Deg
Cb1
3
Q1
Rc
5kohm
R5
10mV
7.07mV_rms
15kohm
7 VEE
2V
12V
Csh
2pF
VCC
0
PROCEDURE: 1.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (Simulate ------Analysis------ DC
operating point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate--- Analysis--- AC analysis)
RESULTS:
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AIM:
1. To study the Two-stage RC coupled amplifier.
2. To measure the voltage gain of the amplifier at 1KHz.
3. To obtain the frequency response characteristic and the band width of the
amplifier.
EQUIPMENT:
Two stage RC coupled amplifier, trainer.
1. Signal Generator.
2. C.R.O
3. Connecting patch cords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
R1
33kohm
RC
2.2kohm
R3
R6
2.2kohm
CC 15kohm
C1
Q1
10uF
BC107BP
RG
15kohm
Q2
10uF
BC107BP
10uF
INPUT V
50mV
C3 OUTPUT
CE
R2
5.1kohm
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C2
RE
510ohm
10uF
10uF
2.7kohm
R4
VO
R5
1kohm
31
PROCEDURE:
1.Switch ON the power supply.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave output 50mV p-p at the
input terminals.
3. Connect the C.R.O at output terminals of the module.
4. Measure the voltage at the second stage of amplifier.
5. Now vary the input frequency from 10Hz to 1MHz in steps,and for every
value of input frequency note the output voltage
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VO
32
FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
0.707 VO/VI
Gain VO/VI
FL
FH
Frequency
RESULT:
The gain of the amplifier at 1 KHz is -----The BW of the amplifier is -------
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AIM:
1. To study the current shunt feedback amplifier
2. To measure the voltage gain of the amplifier at 1KHz.
3. To obtain the frequency response characteristic and the band width
of the amplifier.
EQUIPMENT:
Current shunt feed back amplifier trainer.
4. Signal Generator.
5. C.R.O
6. Connecting patch cords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON the power supply.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave output 50mV p-p at the
input terminals.
3. Connect the C.R.O at output terminals of the module.
4. Measure the voltage at the second stage of amplifier.
5. Now vary the input frequency from 10Hz to 1MHz in steps, and for
each value of input frequency note the output voltage keeping the
input amplitude at constant value.
6. Calculate the gain magnitude of the amplifier using the formula
Gain = Vo/Vi
Gain in dB= 20 log (Vo / Vi )
7. Plot a graph of frequency versus gain (dB) of the amplifier. Sample
frequency response graph is as shown in fig. Below.
OBSERVATIONS :
Vi = 50mV(p-p)
Frequency
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VO
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FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
RESULT:
The gain of the amplifier at 1 KHz is -----The BW of the amplifier is -------
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AIM: To study the operation of Class A, Class B, Class AB and Class C power
amplifiers.
EQUIPMENT:
1.Class/A/B/C/AB amplifier trainer
2.Function generator.
3.C.R.O
4. Connecting patch cords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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PROCEDURE:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram, and get the circuit
verified by your Instructor.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave at 1KHz and keep the
amplitude at .5V (peak-to-peak)
3. Connect the C.R.O across the output terminals.
4. Now switch ON the trainer and see that the supply LED glows.
5. Keep the potentiometer at minimum position, observe and record
the waveform from the C.R.O.
6. Slowly varying the potentiometer, observe the outputs for the
Class A/B/AB/C amplifiers as shown in fig.
CLASS A:
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38
Electronic
Circuits
Analysis Lab
Manual
CLASS B:
CLASS AB:
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CLASS C :
RESULT:
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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PROCEDURE:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in fig and get the circuit verified by
your Instructor.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave at the input and
keep the amplitude to minimum position, and connect a C.R.O at
output terminals of the circuit.
3. Apply the amplitude between 1.6v to 4.4v to get the distortion
less output sine wave.
4. Now, vary the input frequency in steps and observe and record
The output voltage.
5. Calculate the gain of the tuned RF amplifier using the formula
Gain = out put voltage/ input voltage.
6. plot a graph with input frequency versus gain (in dBs)
Gain (in dBs) = 20 log (Vo/Vi)
Graph :-
Gain
Frequency
RESULT:
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APPARATUS:
BJT(BC107),Resistors(2.2k,100k,10k,1k),
Capacitors(10f,100f,0.33 f), Decade inductance box ,RPS.
EQUIPMENT:
1. SDC kit.
2. Function generator.
3. C.R.O.
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
Hartley Oscillator
F = 1 / (2LeqC)
Where Leq=L1+L2
Colpitts Oscillator
F = 1 / (2LCeq)
Where Ceq= (c1*c2) / (c1+c2)
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:
HARTLEY OSCILLATOR:
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COLPITTS OSCILLATOR:
EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
RESULT:
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PROCEDURE:
OBSERVATIONS:
S.NO
INPUT
VOLTAGE(Vi)
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OUTPUT
VOLTAGE(V0)
VOLTAGE GAIN
Av= (V0/Vi)
46
MODEL GRAPH:
RESULT:
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EQUIPMENT :
1. Series voltage regulated power supply trainer.
2. Multimeter.
3. Patch chords
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
3055
560E
Rs
IL
+
IR
Un Regulated
Input
- IZ
500E
VO
VZ=12V
50%
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON the power supply.
2. Observe the Unregulated voltage at the output of rectifier.
3. Connect this voltage to the input of series voltage regulator circuit.
4. Keep the load resistance 1K at constant.
5. Observe the output voltage VO = VZ-VBE
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6. And also observe the voltage across RS,and values of IR,IL and IZ.
7. Compare the practical values with theoretical values.
8. By changing the load resistance, observe the output voltage and various
currents.
OBSERVATIONS:
RL
VO
IR
IZ
IL
LOAD REGULATION :
VO
RL
RESULT:
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49
AIM : To study and design a Shunt Regulator and to observe the load
regulation feature.
EQUIPMENT :
1. Shunt regulated power supply trainer.
2. Multimeter.
3. Patch chords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
RS
IL
220E
+
Un Regulated
In put
8.2V
IC
-
1K
RL
3055
VO
50%
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch On the main power supply.
2. Observe the unregulated voltage at the output of rectifier.
3. Connect this voltage to the input of shunt Regulator circuit
4 .Keep the load resistance 1K constant.
5. Observe the output voltage across the load resistor V0 =VZ + VBE
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50
VO
IS
IC
IL
LOAD REGULATION:
VO
RL
RESULT:
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