Compressor

MODEL
05G and
05G BUS

62-02756

OPERATION AND
SERVICE MANUAL
MODEL 05G
and 05G BUS
COMPRESSOR

Carrier Transicold Division, Carrier Corporation, P.O. Box 4805, Syracuse, N.Y. 13221 U. S. A.
Carrier Transicold E.T.O. Boite Postale Nr. 16 Franqueville --- Saint---Pierre 76520 Boos, FRANCE
Replaces: 62-03432-01 and T-199-02

! Carrier Corporation 1995 D Printed in U. S. A. 0395

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

Page

DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Reference Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detailed Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.1
Suction and Discharge Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.2
Suction & Discharge Service Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.3
Lubrication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Unloader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5.1
Hot Gas Bypass Unloader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5.2
Suction Cutoff Unloader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5.3
Pressure---Operated Unloaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1
1-1
1-1
1-1
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-5
1-6

2
2.1
2.2

COMPRESSOR REPLACEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.1
Installing Compressor Unloaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.2
Installing Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2

3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

COMPRESSOR MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection and Preparation for Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cylinder Head and Valve Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil Pump and Bearing Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.1
Low Profile Gear Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.2
Gear Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.3
Vane Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shaft Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Running Gear Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Running Gear Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Suction Strainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adding Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1
3-1
3-1
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-5
3-7
3-8
3-8
3-8

1.5

3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure

Page

1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8
1-9
1-10

Model 05G Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Suction & Discharge Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Unloader --- Hot Gas Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Cylinder Head Unloaded --- Hot Gas Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Cylinder Head Loaded --- Hot Gas Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Cylinder Head (Unloaded) --- Suction Cutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Cylinder Head (Loaded) --- Suction Cutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure-Operated Unloader Loaded Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure-Operated Unloaded Unloaded Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-2
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
1-6

2-1
2-2

Removal of Piston Plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Oil Level in Sight Glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-1
2-2

3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-18
3-19
3-20
3-21

Cylinder Head & Valve Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installing Suction Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking Suction Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil Pump and Bearing Head Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Low Profile Gear Oil Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gear Oil Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vane Oil Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shaft Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shaft Seal Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bottom Plate Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bottom Plate and Oil Strainer Removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piston Rings Removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Rod, Piston, and Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seal End Main Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contoured Piston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Piston Rod Assemblies and Seal End Thrust Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piston Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Pistons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Suction Strainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Piston Dimension (Wear Limits) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressor Exploded View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-5
3-5
3-6
3-6
3-6
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-8
3-8
3-10
3-11

LIST OF TABLES
Table
3-1
3-2

Page
Torque Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wear Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ii

3-9
3-10

SECTION 1
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
Do not operate compressor unless suction and
discharge service valves are open.

1.1 INTRODUCTION
This operation and service manual covers the Carrier
Transicold Model 05G compressors. These compressors
are designed for refrigeration (trailer) or air conditioning
(bus & rail) applications. (See Figure 1-1) The following
table list the special tools for the 05G compressors.
PART NO.
07-00219
07-00223
07-00240-01
07-00241
07-00242-01
07-00242-02
07-00260-00
07-00265-01
07-00266-00
58-00869-00

Capacity of the Model 05G compressor is

determined by piston displacement and clearance,
suction and discharge valve size, compressor speed,
suction and discharge pressure, type of refrigerant, and
unloader valves.

SPECIAL TOOLS
Wrench, Compressor Sight Glass
Pliers, Compressor Unloader Ring
Wrench, Spanner
(for Housing Mounted Clutch)

1.3 COMPRESSOR REFERENCE DATA

Model
Displacement
No. Cylinders
Bore

Rotor Installation Tool

(for Housing Mounted Clutch)
Bearing Retaining Nut Socket
(3.5"" ) (Housing Mounted Clutch)
Bearing Retaining Nut Socket
(3"" ) (for Housing Mounted Clutch)
Acid Test Kit
Totaltest Kit (Package of 1)
Replacement Tubes for Totaltest Kit
Filter, Felt (Suction Sock for
System Clean Up)

05G---37CFM
37CFM

05G---41CFM
41CFM

6
50.8 mm (2.00 in)
49.2 mm
54.36 mm
Stroke
(1.937 in)
(2.14 in)
Weight
62 kg (137 lbs)
SPEED (RPM) FOR OIL PUMP
Vane
900 to 2200
Gear
500 to 2200
Low Profile Gear
500 to 2200
NOTE
The oils below are suitable for use with
evaporator
temperatures
above
---40F
(---40C).

1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The Model 05G compressors are of the open-drive
reciprocating type. A crankshaft, connecting rods,
pistons, and reed type valves accomplish vapor
compression. Compressor wear is minimized by splash
lubrication and by force feed lubrication. There are three
types of oil pumps (Vane, Gear and Low Profile Gear)
driven directly from the end of the compressor
crankshaft. (See Figure 1-3)

Approved Oil for REFRIGERATION USE

(TRAILER)
Refrigerant
Oil
R-12, R-22, R-500
Zerol: 150 Synthetic
or R-502
P/N 07-00274
Castrol Icematic: SW-68C

CAUTION

R 404A
R-404A

The gear oil pump must be set to rotate in the

same direction as the crankshaft. (Refer to
section 3.4)

ICI: Emkarate RL68H

The tapered end of the crankshaft, which extends

outside the crankcase, is adaptable to a variety of direct
drive or belt---driven clutch mechanisms. A mechanical
seal prevents refrigerant leakage where the rotating shaft
passes through the crankcase.

Approved Oil for AIR CONDITIONING USE

(BUS AND RAIL)
Refrigerant
Oil

The compressor is equipped with flanges for

connecting suction and discharge service
Connections are also provided for pressure gauges and
safety cutout switches. Sight glasses installed on both
sides of the crankcase, provides a means for checking oil
level in the compressor crankcase. A drain plug facilitates
draining of oil from the crankcase and an oil fill plug
enables addition of oil when necessary. A bottom plate
provides access through the bottom of the crankcase for
maintenance.

R-134a
R
134a
ICI: Emkarate RL68H
Revised 10/96

1-1

2
1

10
9

8
7
6

REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR (TRAILER)

1

10
9

8
7

5
AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR (BUS & RAIL)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Discharge Service Valve

High Pressure Connection
Low Pressure Connection
Suction Service Valve
Oil Fill Plug

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Oil Level Sight Glass

Bottom Plate
Oil Drain Plug
Oil Pump (See Figure 1-3)
Unloader

Figure 1-1. Model 05G Compressor

1-2

located in the bearing head assembly. The crankshaft is

drilled to enable the pump to supply oil to the main
bearings, connecting rod bearings, and the shaft seal.

1.4 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

1.4.1 SUCTION AND DISCHARGE VALVES
The compressor uses reed type suction and discharge
valves made of highest quality steel for long life. The
valves operate against hardened integral seats in the
valve plate.
The downstroke of the piston admits refrigerant gas
through the suction valve, and then compresses this gas
on the upstroke, thereby raising its temperature and
pressure. The compressed gas is prevented from
re-entering the cylinder on its next downstroke by the
compressor discharge valve. (See Figure 1-2)
1

Oil Pressure Tap

VANE PUMP

GEAR PUMP

Oil Pressure
Tap

1. Position Spring
2. Suction Valve
3. Valve Plate

4. Discharge Valve
5. Discharge Valve Stop

LOW PROFILE GEAR PUMP

Figure 1-3. Oil Pumps

Figure 1-2. Suction & Discharge Valve

CAUTION
The Gear oil pump must be set to rotate in the
same direction as the crankshaft. (Refer to
section 3.4)

1.4.2 SUCTION & DISCHARGE SERVICE VALVES

The suction and discharge service valves used on the
compressor are equipped with mating flanges for
connection to flanges on the compressor. These valves
are provided with a double seat and a gauge connection,
which allows servicing of the compressor and refrigerant
lines (See Figure 1-1).

The oil flows to the pump end main bearings,

connecting rod bearings and seal end main bearings,
where the oil path is divided into two directions. The
largest quantity flows to the oil relief valve, which
regulates oil pressure at 15 to 18 psi (2.09 to 2.30 kg/cm@)
above suction pressure. When the oil pressure reaches 15
to 18 psi above suction pressure, the relief valve spring is
moved forward allowing oil to return to the crankcase.
The remaining oil flows through an orifice and into the
shaft seal cavity to provide shaft seal lubrication and
cooling. This oil is then returned to the crankcase
through an overflow passage.

Turning the valve stem counterclockwise (all the way

out) will backseat the valve to open the suction or
discharge line to the compressor and close off the gauge
connection. In normal operation, the valve is backseated
to allow full flow through the valve. The valve should
always be backseated when connecting the service
manifold gauge lines to the gauge ports.

An additional oil pressure relief valve, built into the

Gear and Low Profile Gear Oil Pump, is open at speeds
above 400 rpm to relieve a portion of the oil pressure to
the crankcase in order to maintain oil pressure below an
acceptable maximum. At low speeds, the valve is closed to
ensure adequate oil pressure at 400 rpm. At speeds above
1900 rpm, the oil pressure will be 25 to 30 psi (2.8 to 3.1
kg/cm@) above suction pressure.

Turning the valve stem clockwise (all the way forward)

will frontseat the valve to close off the suction or discharge
line to isolate the compressor and open the gauge
connection.
To measure suction or discharge pressure, midseat
the valve by opening the valve clockwise about 2 turns.
With the valve stem midway between frontseated and
backseated positions, the suction or discharge line is
open to both the compressor and the gauge connection.

The crankcase pressure equalization system consists of

two oil return check valves and a 1/8-inch pressure
equalization port between the suction manifold and
crankcase. Under normal conditions, check valves are open
and allow for oil return to the crankcase. Under flooded
start conditions, pressure rises in the crankcase and closes
the check valves, preventing excess oil loss. The
equalization port allows for release of excessive pressure,
that has built up in the crankcase, to the suction manifold;
this ensures that the oil loss is kept to a minimum.

1.4.3 LUBRICATION SYSTEM

There are three types of oil pumps (Vane, Gear and
Low Profile Gear) driven directly from the end of the
compressor crankshaft (See Figure 1-3). Force-feed
lubrication of the compressor is accomplished by a oil pump
driven directly from the compressor crankshaft.
Refrigeration oil is drawn from the compressor crankcase
through the oil filter screen and pick up tube to the oil pump
1-3

1.5 COMPRESSOR UNLOADER

The 6 cylinder 05G compressor can be applied with 2
bank of unloading.
There are two types of compressor unloader systems;
the first one is the hot gas bypass and the second is the
suction cutoff. They are easily distinguished from each
other by observing the bottom side of the compressor
cylinder head, it is either blank (Hot gas bypass) or has a
cover plate (Suction cutoff).
The two types of compressor unloader systems can
be controlled with either a pressure actuated valve or an
electrically actuated (solenoid) valve.
1.5.1 HOT GAS BYPASS UNLOADER
The compressor is equipped with an unloader for
capacity control. This consists of a self-contained,
cylinder head bypass arrangement (See Figure 1-4)
which is electronically controlled by the temperature
controller.

port is greater than the rate of bleed through the bleed

orifice (8).
When the pressure behind the piston has been
reduced sufficiently, the valve spring will force the piston
bypass valve back, opening the gas bypass from the
discharge manifold to the suction manifold.
Discharge pressure in the discharge manifold will
close the discharge piston check valve assembly (14)
isolating the compressor discharge manifold from the
individual cylinder bank manifold.
The unloaded cylinder bank will continue to operate
fully unloaded until the solenoid valve control device is
de-energized and the gas bypass port is closed.

The capacity controlled cylinder is easily identified by

the solenoid which extends from the side of the cylinder
head. When the solenoid energizes, the cylinder unloads
allowing discharge gas to circulate as shown in Figure 1-5.
The unloaded cylinder operates with little or no pressure
differential, consuming very little power. A de-energized
solenoid reloads the cylinder as shown in Figure 1-6.
3
4
2

1. Discharge Check
Valve
2. Discharge Manifold
3. Solenoid Valve
4. Piston Bypass
Control Valve
5. Cylinder Head
6. Suction Manifold

Figure 1-4. Compressor Unloader --- Hot Gas Bypass

a. Major Working Parts
1. Solenoid and valve system
2. Spring loaded piston type bypass control valve
3. Spring loaded discharge check valve
b. Unloaded Operation
Pressure from the discharge manifold (Figure 1-5,
item 15) passes through the strainer (9) and bleed orifice
(8) to the back of the piston bypass valve (7). Unless bled
away, this pressure would tend to close the piston (6)
against the piston spring (5) pressure.
With the solenoid valve (1) energized the solenoid
valve stem (2) will open the gas bypass port (3).
Refrigerant pressure will be bled to the suction
manifold (10) through the opened gas bypass port . A
reduction in pressure on the piston bypass valve will take
place because the rate of bleed through the gas bypass

4
5
6

11

10
8

12

13

14
15

11. Cylinder Discharge

1. Solenoid Valve
Valve
2. Valve Stem
12. Valve Plate
3. Gas Bypass Port
13. Cylinder Suction
4. Spring Guide
Valve
5. Spring
14. Discharge Piston
6. Piston
Check Valve
7. Piston Bypass Valve
Assembly
8. Bleed Orifice
15. Discharge Manifold
9. Strainer
10. Suction Cavity
Figure 1-5. Compressor Cylinder Head Unloaded --Hot Gas Bypass
c. Loaded Operation
Discharge pressure bleeds from the discharge
manifold (Figure 1-6, item 15) through the strainer (9)
and (8) bleed orifice to the solenoid valve stem (2)
chamber and the back of the piston bypass valve (7).
With the solenoid valve (1) de-energized the solenoid
valve stem will close the gas bypass port (3).
Refrigerant pressure will overcome the bypass valve
spring (5) tension and force the piston (6) forward closing
the gas bypass from the discharge manifold to the suction
manifold (10).
Cylinder discharge pressure will force open the
discharge piston check valve assembly (14). Refrigerant
gas will pass into the compressor discharge manifold.

1-4

cylinders. No refrigerant is allowed into the cylinders and

no compression takes place.

The loaded cylinder bank will continue to operate

fully loaded until the solenoid valve control device is
energized and the gas bypass port is opened.

4
5
6

2
7

11
1
10

8
9

16
15

12
13

14

14
15

13

12

11

10

SUCTION PRESSURE

11. Cylinder Discharge

1. Solenoid Valve
Valve
2. Valve Stem
12. Valve Plate
3. Gas Bypass Port
13. Cylinder Suction
4. Spring Guide
Valve
5. Spring
14. Discharge Piston
6. Piston
Check Valve
7. Piston Bypass Valve
Assembly
8. Bleed Orifice
15. Discharge Manifold
9. Strainer
10. Suction Cavity
Figure 1-6. Compressor Cylinder Head Loaded --Hot Gas Bypass

DISCHARGE PRESSURE

1. Solenoid Valve
2. Coil
3. Capacity Control
Valve (Open)
4. Unloader Piston
5. Cylinder Head
6. Valve Body
7. Valve Spring
8. Cover Plate

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

Suction Manifold
Suction Valve
Piston
Discharge Valve
Discharge Manifold
Valve Plate
Strainer
Bleed Orifice

Figure 1-7. Compressor Cylinder Head (Unloaded) --Suction Cutoff

1.5.2 SUCTION CUTOFF UNLOADER

c. Loaded Operation
When the unloader valve solenoid de-energizes, the
capacity control valve port closes (item 3, Figure 1-8).
This allows discharge pressure to build-up behind the
unloader piston assembly. The high pressure will
compress the unloader valve spring, opening the
unloader suction port. Suction gas can now be drawn into
the cylinders, running the bank fully loaded.

The compressor is equipped with unloaders for

capacity control. This consists of a self-contained, suction
cut-off arrangement which is electronically controlled by
the temperature controller.
The capacity controlled cylinders are easily
identified by the solenoid which extends from the side of
the cylinder head. When the solenoid energizes,
cylinders unload, preventing suction gas from being
drawn into the cylinder (See Figure 1-7). The unloaded
cylinders operate with little or no pressure differential,
consuming very little power. A de-energized solenoid
reloads the cylinders as shown in Figure 1-8.
a. Major Working Parts
1. Solenoid and valve system
2. Unloader piston assembly
3. Spring and cover plate
b. Unloaded Operation
When the unloader valve solenoid energizes, the
capacity control valve port opens (item 3, Figure 1-7).
This allows the discharge gas behind the unloader piston
assembly (item 4) to vent back to the suction side. The
unloader valve spring (item 7) at this point, can move the
unloader valve body to the left, blocking the unloader
suction port. The cylinder bank is now isolated from the
compressor suction manifold to unload these two

1-5

7 8

16
15

14

13

12

11

10

9
1.
2.
3.
4.

SUCTION PRESSURE
DISCHARGE PRESSURE

1. Solenoid Valve
2. Coil
3. Capacity Control
Valve (Closed)
4. Unloader Piston
5. Unloader Head
6. Valve Body
7. Valve Spring
8. Cover Plate

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

Suction Manifold
Suction Valve
Piston
Discharge Valve
Discharge Manifold
Valve Plate
Strainer
Bleed Orifice

Figure 1-8. Compressor Cylinder Head (Loaded) --Suction Cutoff

1.5.3 PRESSURE-OPERATED UNLOADERS
There are two types of compressor unloader systems;
the first one is the hot gas bypass and the second is the
suction cutoff. They are easily distinguished from each
other by observing the bottom side of the compressor
cylinder head, it is either blank (Hot gas bypass) or has a
cover plate (Suction cutoff).

Sealing Cap
Pressure Differential Adjustment Screw
Control Set Point Adjustment Nut
Poppet Valve

Figure 1-9. Pressure-Operated Unloader

Loaded Operation
During unloaded operation, when suction pressure
drops below the valve control point, the poppet valve will
open. Discharge gas bleeds from behind the bypass piston
to the suction manifold. The bypass piston opens,
discharge gas is recirculated back to the suction manifold
and the cylinder bank is unloaded. Reduction in
discharge pressure causes the check valve to close,
isolating the cylinder bank from the discharge manifold.
See Figure 1-10.
1
2

The two types of compressor unloader systems can

be controlled with either a pressure actuated valve or an
electrically actuated (solenoid) valve.

The pressure---operated unloaders are controlled by

suction pressure and actuated by discharge pressure. The
unloader valve controls two cylinders. On startup,
controlled cylinders do not load up until differential
between suction and discharge pressure is 10 psi (1.7
kg/cm@).

1.
2.
3.
4.

During loaded operation, when suction pressure is

above the valve control point, the poppet valve will close.
Discharge gas bleeds into the valve chamber; the pressure
closes the bypass piston; and the cylinder bank loads up.
Discharge gas pressure forces the check valve open,
permitting gas to enter the discharge manifold. See
Figure 1-9.

Sealing Cap
Pressure Differential Adjustment Screw
Control Set Point Adjustment Nut
Poppet Valve

Figure 1-10. Pressure-Operated Unloaded --Unloaded Operation

1-6

SECTION 2
COMPRESSOR REPLACEMENT
2.1 COMPRESSOR REMOVAL
Refer to the operation and service manual covering
the equipment in which the compressor is installed for
specific removal instructions. A general removal
procedure is given below.

2.2.1 INSTALLING COMPRESSOR UNLOADERS

a.
Remove the three socket head capscrews
holding piston plug to cylinder head of the replacement
compressor. See Figure 2-1.
1

a.
If compressor is completely inoperative,
frontseat the suction and discharge service valves to trap
the refrigerant in the unit. If the compressor will operate,
pump down the unit; then, frontseat the suction and
discharge service valves.

1
2
2

b.
Ensure power source is removed from any
controls installed on the compressor.

c.
Remove refrigerant using a refrigerant recovery
system.

5
6

d.
Disconnect refrigerant lines at service valve
flange connections on the compressor; retain hardware.
e.
Remove any components necessary to gain
access to the compressor or to enable removal.
f.
Disconnect
compressor.

the

drive

g.
Remove mounting
compressor from unit.

mechanism

hardware

HOT GAS BYPASS

at the

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

and remove

h.
If compressor is to be repaired, refer to section 3
for repair procedures. if a replacement compressor is to
be installed, refer to section 2.2 for replacement
procedures.

SUCTION CUTOFF

Capscrews
Flange Cover
Gasket
Spring
Bypass Piston Plug
Seat Ring
Strainer
Sleeve Plug

Figure 2-1. Removal of Piston Plug

2.2 COMPRESSOR REPLACEMENT
Consult the unit service parts list for the correct
replacement.
Service replacement compressors are furnished
without suction and discharge service valves and
unloader valves. The service valves are normally retained
on the unit to isolate the refrigerant lines during
compressor replacement. Blank-off pads are installed on
the service replacement compressor valve flanges. These
pads must be removed prior to installing the compressor.
If the defective compressor is to be returned for overhaul
or repair, install the pads on the compressor for sealing
purposes during shipment.

b.
Remove flange cover, gasket, spring, bypass
piston plug, and seat ring. A tapped hole is provided in
piston plug for use with a jackscrew to enable removal of
the plug. One of the socket head capscrews may be used
as a jackscrew.
c.
Remove the three socket head capscrews
holding unloader in the cylinder head of the defective
compressor; remove the unloader and retain the
capscrews.
NOTE
Capscrews removed from the bypass piston plug
flange cover are not interchangeable with
capacity control unloader valve capscrews.
When installing the unloaders, be sure to use the
unloader capscrews.

Service replacement compressors are furnished with

cylinder head bypass piston plugs installed on the
unloader flanges in lieu of the unloader valves. The
unloaders (if used) must be removed from the defective
compressor and transferred to the replacement
compressor prior to installation. Refer to section 2.2.1.

d.
Using a new gasket and unloader ring pliers (P/N
07-00223), install the unloaders in the cylinder heads of
the replacement compressor. Refer to Table 3-1, for
required torque values.

If the defective compressor is to be returned for

overhaul or repair, install the plugs on the compressor for
sealing purposes during shipment.

e.
If the defective compressor is to be returned for
overhaul or repair, install the bypass piston plug, spring,
seat ring and flange cover onto the cylinder heads.
2-1

b.
Check oil level in sight glass (See Figure 2-2). If
necessary, add or remove oil.

2.2.2 INSTALLING COMPRESSOR

WARNING

c.
Leak
compressor.

Midseat service valves or by other means relieve

pressure in replacement compressor before
removing plugs.

test,

evacuate,

and

dehydrate

the

d.
Fully backseat suction and discharge service
valves.

CAUTION
The high capacity oil pump must be set to rotate
in the same direction as the crankshaft. (Refer to
Section 3.4)

e.
Run the compressor and check for leaks and
noncondensibles in the refrigerant system.

a.
Install the compressor by reversing the
procedure of section 2.1. Install new locknuts on
compressor mounting bolts and new gaskets on suction
and discharge service valves.

f.

Check refrigerant level.

g.

Recheck compressor oil level.

h.
Check operation of compressor unloaders (if
installed).

--- Maximum
1/4
Sight
Glass

--- Minimum

OLD SIGHT GLASS LOCATION

and PROPER LEVEL

NEW SIGHT GLASS LOCATION

and PROPER LEVEL

Figure 2-2. Oil Level in Sight Glass

2-2

SECTION 3
COMPRESSOR MAINTENANCE
3.3

3.1 INTRODUCTION
Prior to disassembly of the compressor, oil must first
be drained from the crankcase. Place the compressor in a
position where it will be convenient to drain the oil.
Remove the oil fill plug to vent the crankcase. Loosen the
drain plug and allow the oil to drain out slowly.

CYLINDER HEAD AND VALVE PLATE

a. Disassembly
WARNING
Do not unscrew capscrews all the way before
breaking seal. Entrapped pressure could result
in injury.

If dismantled parts are to be left overnight or longer,

dip them in clean compressor oil (to prevent rusting) and
store in protected area.

1.
Loosen cylinder head capscrews. If the head is
stuck, tap it lightly with a wooden or lead mallet to free it.
Be careful not to drop the head or damage the gasket
sealing surface. Remove cylinder head capscrews and
gasket. (See Figure 3-1)

Refer to Table 3-1 for torque values for tightening

bolts.
3.2 INSPECTION AND PREPARATION FOR
REASSEMBLY
a.
Clean all parts with an approved solvent. Use a
stiff bristle brush to remove dirt from grooves and
crevices.

2.
Remove the discharge valve capscrews, lock
washers, stops, and valves.
3.
Free the valve plates from the cylinder deck by
using the discharge valve capscrews, without washers, as
jackscrews through the outermost tapped holes in the
valve plate after the valve stops and valves have been
removed. Remove the valve plate gasket.

b.
Inspect all parts for wear and overall condition.
Replace any defective or excessively worn parts.

4.
Discard valves and gaskets. Use only new valves
and gaskets when assembling cylinder head and valve
plate assemblies.

c.
Inspect suction and discharge valve seats (on
valve plate).
d.
If unloaders are installed, inspect operation of
unloader.

b. Reassembly
Some 05G compressors for refrigeration use only
may have canted valve plates. The canted valve
design allows a reduction in the distance between the
discharge valve and the top of the piston. When piston is
at TDC the volume of the compression chamber is
smaller, contributing to increased compressor efficiency.

e.
After cleaning, ensure all moving parts are
coated with compressor oil before reassembly.
f.
Use only new gaskets during reassembly. Ensure
all gaskets (includes cylinder head, valve plate, and
unloader or bypass plug gaskets) are installed dry.

1.
Install only new valves and gaskets, and do not
interchange valves.
4, 5, 6, 7

12

11 10

8
FLAT
7

5 4

9.
10.
11.
12.

Valve Plate Gasket

Suction Valve
Position Spring
Dowel Pin

8
CANTED
1.
2.
3.
4.

Capscrew
Cylinder Head
Cylinder Head Gasket
Capscrew

5.
6.
7.
8.

Lockwasher
Discharge Valve Stop
Discharge Valve
Valve Plate

Figure 3-1. Cylinder Head & Valve Plate

3-1

2.
Install suction valve positioning spring on dowel
pins. Assemble positioning spring springs with spring
ends bearing against cylinder deck. The spring will bow
outward in the middle. (See Figure 3-2)

3.4.1 LOW PROFILE GEAR PUMP

a. Removal
Remove eight capscrews and remove oil pump
bearing head assembly, gasket and thrust washer. (See
Figure 3-4.)
Set screw must be removed
for Low Profile Gear Pump.
1

3.
Place suction valve on dowel pins, over the
positioning spring.
4.
Place valve plate and new valve plate gasket on
cylinder deck, ensuring that the valve plate is properly
positioned on the four dowel pins.
5.
Using a small screwdriver, operate the suction
valves to ensure that the valve tips are not being held by
the valve plate gasket. (See Figure 3-3)
2
1

4
1.
2.
3.
4.

1. Positioning Spring
2. Suction Valve

2
3

Oil Pump & Bearing Head

Thrust Washer
Oil Pickup Tube
Oil Inlet Port

Figure 3-4. Oil Pump and Bearing Head Assembly

Figure 3-2. Installing Suction Valves

b. Disassembly, & Inspection

If it was determined that the oil pump was not
operating properly, the entire oil pump and bearing head
assembly must be replaced. Replacement parts for the
pump are not available. However, in the event the pump
requires inspection or cleaning, disassembly and
reassembly by referring to Figure 3-5. Clean all parts;
coat all moving parts with compressor oil before
proceeding with reassembly.
11

5
Figure 3-3. Checking Suction Valve

6
10

4
9

1
6.
Install discharge valve and discharge valve stop
with capscrews and lock washers.

7.
Install capscrews, cylinder head and new cylinder
head gasket with flat side to valve plate, ensuring that the
gasket and cylinder head are properly positioned on the
valve plate. Torque the capscrews, in a diagonal pattern,
to a value shown in Table 3-1.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

3.4
OIL PUMP AND BEARING HEAD
There are three types of oil pumps (Vane, Gear and
Low Profile Gear) driven directly from the end of the
compressor crankshaft.

7. O-Ring
Capscrews
8. Oil Pump & Bearing
Cover
Reversing Assembly 9. Set Screw
10. Relief Valve
Pinion
11. Pin
Gear
Drive
Figure 3-5. Low Profile Gear Oil Pump

3-2

c. Reassembly

1
CAUTION

Set screw on crankshaft must be removed for

Low Profile Gear Pump (See Figure 3-4).

2
5

1.
Set screw on crankshaft must be removed for
Low Profile Gear Pump.

6
7

2.
Install the pump end thrust washer on the two
dowel pins located on the bearing head. (See Figure 3-4.)

CAUTION
Ensure that thrust washer does not fall off dowel
pins while installing oil pump.

3.
Install the bearing head assembly with a new
gasket on the compressor crankshaft. Carefully push oil
pump on by hand ensuring that the thrust washer remains
on the dowel pins, the tang on the end of the drive
engages the slot in the crankshaft, and the oil inlet port on
the pump is aligned with the oil pickup tube in the
crankcase. The pump should mount flush with the
crankcase and should be oriented as shown in Figure 1-1.

ROTATION
ARROW

10

ROTATION
ARROW

4.
Align the gasket and install the eight capscrews
in the mounting flange. Refer to Table 3-1, for applicable
torque values.
7

3.4.2 GEAR PUMP

a. Removal

Clockwise

Remove eight capscrews and remove oil pump

bearing head assembly, gasket and thrust washer. (See
Figure 3-4.)

Counterclockwise
6. Eccentric
1. Oil Pump & Bearing
7. PIn
Head
8. O-Ring
2. Relief Valve
9. Cover
3. Drive Segment
10. Vent Hole
4. Five-Lobed Rotor
5. Four-Lobed Rotor
Figure 3-6. Gear Oil Pump

b. Disassembly, & Inspection

If it was determined that the oil pump was not
operating properly, the entire oil pump and bearing head
assembly must be replaced. Replacement parts for the
pump are not available. However, in the event the pump
requires inspection or cleaning, disassembly and
reassembly instructions are provided below.
1.
Remove
Figure 3-6.)

pump

cover

and

O-ring.

(See

7.
Insert drive segment and five-lobed rotor,
ensuring that the pins on the rotor are inserted into the
appropriate holes in the drive segment drive wheel.

2.
Note direction of pump by location of pin in
eccentric. The stamping in the eccentric next to the pin
shows the direction the pump will rotate, as viewed from
the crankshaft end of the compressor.

8.
Install the four-lobed rotor inside the five-lobed
rotor, ensuring that the end with the counter bore is
installed toward the drive segment.

3.
If direction of oil pump is not the same rotation
as the crankshaft, remove pin. Pin can be removed by
holding eccentric in, tipping top of pin slightly outward,
and turning pump bottom side up; pin should fall out or
use magnet to remove pin.

9.
Install the eccentric in direction indicated (CW
or CCW) as so desired so oil pump rotates in the same
direction as the crankshaft. The stamping in the eccentric
next to the pin shows the direction the pump will rotate,
as viewed from the crankshaft end of the compressor.

4.
The remainder of the pump components can
now be removed, if so desired, by pushing out the drive
segment from the crankshaft end of the bearing head.

10. Install the pin in the shortest of the two grooves

inside the bearing head.
11. Install the O-ring and pump cover.

5.
Remove the relief valve assembly by removing
the retainer pin.

12. Install the relief valve assembly.

6.
Clean all parts; coat all moving parts with
compressor oil before proceeding with reassembly. Mark
outside of pump at the short groove for ease of installing
pin at a later time. Check wear between items 3 & 4
Figure 3-6.
3-3

and spring guide. Insert retaining ring with ring pliers.

Force the spring guide down to compress the plunger
spring and to allow the retaining ring to fit into its locking
groove. Follow the same procedure to reassemble the
other plunger spring, guide and snap ring in its plunger
cylinder.

c. Reassembly
1.
Install the pump end thrust washer on the two
dowel pins located on the bearing head. (See Figure 3-4.)
CAUTION
Ensure that thrust washer does not fall off dowel
pins while installing oil pump.

15

2.
Install the bearing head assembly with a new
gasket on the compressor crankshaft. Carefully push oil
pump on by hand ensuring that the thrust washer remains
on the dowel pins, the tang on the end of the drive
segment engages the slot in the crankshaft, and the oil
inlet port on the pump is aligned with the oil pickup tube
in the crankcase. The pump should mount flush with the
crankcase and should be oriented as shown in Figure 1-1.

14
13
5
1

11

9
10

12

2
3

3.
Align the gasket and install the eight capscrews
in the mounting flange. Refer to Table 3-1, for applicable
torque values.

4
7
6

3.4.3 VANE PUMP

a. Removal
1.
Remove four capscrews, gaskets and remove oil
pump cover; this will free the oil feed guide retaining
spring, cover gasket, and the oil feed guide. (See
Figure 3-7.)

11

16
TOP

12

2.
Remove the two drive segment capscrews and
lock washer and remove the drive segment.
3.
Remove eight capscrews and remove oil pump
bearing head assembly and gasket. (See Figure 3-4.)
b. Disassembly, & Inspection
If it was determined that the oil pump was not
operating properly, it is recommended that the entire oil
pump and bearing head assembly be replaced to ensure
trouble-free operation. However, if the cause of oil pump
failure can be determined in the field and replacement
parts for the pump are available, the pump can be
repaired. The pump end bearing is integral with the
bearing head and is not replaceable.

3
4
1. Oil Pump Cover
2. Cover Gasket
3. Capscrews and
Lockwashers
4. Oil Pump Drive
5. Rotor Retaining Ring
6. Pump Vane Cylinder
7. Pump Vane
8. Vane Spring

1.
Remove the plunger snap ring with snap ring
pliers. As each snap ring is removed, the spring guide,
plunger spring, and plunger may be removed from the
cylinder in the bearing head. Identify parts to ensure
replacement in same cylinder.
2.
Push the pump rotor out of the bearing head by
forcing against the rotor. Apply force from the bearing
side and remove rotor from the opposite side. The pump
rotor retaining ring will come out with the rotor.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

Retaining Ring
Spring Guide
Bearing Head
Pump Rotor
Oil Feed Guide
Retainer Spring
Capscrews and
Washers
16. Oil Inlet Passage

Figure 3-7. Vane Oil Pump

c. Reassembly
1.
Install the bearing head assembly with a new
gasket on the compressor crankshaft. Carefully push oil
pump on by hand ensuring that the bearing head mounts
flush to the crankcase body. The top of the bearing head
is marked on the mounting flange.

3.
Clean all parts; coat all moving parts with
compressor oil before proceeding with reassembly.
4.
Insert the pump rotor into the bearing head from
the side opposite the bearing, with the rotor retaining
ring in place on the rotor. Install the rotor retaining ring
with the chamfered edge in. Compress the retaining ring
(close gap) in order to fit the rotor and ring into their
proper positions.

2.
Align the gasket and install the eight capscrews
in the mounting flange. Refer to Table 3-1, for applicable
torque values.
3.
Install the drive segment with the two capscrews
and lock washer.

5.
Insert one of the plungers into a cylinder in the
bearing head (flat end in); then insert the plunger spring

3-4

4.
Insert the oil feed guide with the large diameter
in. Insert the guide retaining spring so that it fits over the
smaller diameter of the feed guide. The pump cover can
now be installed.

b. Reassembly
1.
Install new shaft seal assembly, cover gasket, and
cover plate only. Never install a used seal assembly or
gasket. A new carbon washer should never be installed in
a used cover plate. When installing the seal assembly, use
care not to damage carbon washer or seal seat.

5.
Place the pump cover, with a new gasket, over
the guide retaining spring and compress the spring to
enable installation of the cover capscrews.
3.5

2.
Remove new carbon washer from new seal
assembly. Lubricate shaft and neoprene seal bellows
where it contacts the shaft. Slide seal assembly onto shaft
until neoprene bellows start to grip the shaft.

SHAFT SEAL

a. Disassembly

3.
Install the OLD carbon washer in the new seal
seat. Install two capscrews in opposite sides of the old
cover plate. Draw up capscrews evenly to properly
position new seal assembly against shoulder on shaft.
Remove capscrews and old carbon washer and cover
plate.

1.
Remove 6 capscrews, remove shaft seal cover or
clutch mounting hub and carbon washer. (See Figure 3-8)
2.
Tap seal end of crankshaft to loosen seal grip on
shaft. Using two long screwdrivers, pry out the shaft seal
but do not damage gasket surface. (See Figure 3-9)
4

4.
Lubricate new carbon washer and carbon washer
seal seat with refrigerant oil. Install new carbon washer in
seal seat, taking care not to damage the carbon washer or
the seat. Ensure that notches in carbon washer are
aligned with two small knurls inside the seal seat. Install
the new cover plate and gasket. Draw capscrews down
evenly to prevent damage to carbon washer.

3
5

2
1

NOTE
Do not touch carbon washer sealing surface with
your fingers.

Standard
Shaft Seal

3
8
2

3.6 COMPRESSOR RUNNING GEAR REMOVAL

In order to disassemble Piston, Rod and Rings, first
the cylinder head, oil pump and shaft seal must be
disassembled (Refer to sections 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5 ).

a. Bottom Plate, Strainer, and Connecting Rod Caps

Used with
Housing Mounted Clutch
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Shaft Seal
Carbon Ring
Gasket
Seal Plate
Hex Head Screw

6.
7.
8.
9.

1.
Turn the compressor over, bottom side up, and
remove the bottom plate. (See Figure 3-10) Scrape off
gasket.

Clutch Mounting Hub

Snap Ring or Nut
O-Ring
Wear Ring

2.

Remove the oil strainer.

1

Figure 3-8. Shaft Seal

2
1. Bottom Plate
2. Oil Strainer

Figure 3-10. Bottom Plate Removal

3.
Match mark each connecting rod cap and
connecting rod for correct reassembly. Remove the
capscrews, flat washers and connecting rod caps. It is
recommended that the capscrews and flat washers be
discarded and new capscrews (special) and flat washers
be installed during compressor reassembly. (See
Figure 3-11)

Figure 3-9. Shaft Seal Removal

3-5

loaded device which can be checked by using a small piece

of stiff wire to ensure that the spring can be depressed.

4.
Push the piston rods down so that the piston
rings extend below the cylinders. Remove and discard
piston rings. Use only new rings when reassembling the
compressor. (See Figure 3-12.)
1

4.

Remove piston rod assemblies.

c. Pistons, Rods, and Rings

1.
Piston and pin, and connecting rod and rod cap
are matched sets and must not be interchanged. That is, if
either the piston or piston pin is to be replaced, you must
replace both of them. Likewise, if a connecting rod or rod
cap must be replaced, both must be replaced.

2.
Match mark and disassembly pistons, pins,
connecting rods, and caps. (See Figure 3-13)
3.
Check wear dimensions of disassembled parts to
determine if they are worn beyond limits given in
Table 3-2.
4.
If parts are worn beyond limits, replace them in
matched sets as specified above.

4
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
Coat piston pins with compressor oil and
reassembly pistons, pins, and connecting rods in matched
sets.
1

3
Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Connecting Rod and Cap
Capscrew
Check Valves

2
3

Figure 3-11. Bottom Plate and Oil Strainer Removed

6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Figure 3-12. Piston Rings Removed

5
4
Lock Ring
Connecting Rod
Connecting Rod and Cap
Capscrew
Piston Pin
Piston

Figure 3-13. Connecting Rod, Piston, and Pin

d. Seal End Main Bearings
1.
Inspect seal end main bearings. Check wear
dimensions to determine if they are worn beyond limits
given in Table 3-2.

b. Crankshaft and Seal End Thrust Washer

CAUTION
Do not allow crankshaft to drop on connecting
rods inside the crankcase when removing the
crankshaft.

2.
If worn beyond limits remove seal end main
bearings.

1.
Push piston rod assemblies out of the way and
remove crankshaft and seal end thrust washer.
2.
Remove and check operation of oil return check
valves (See Figure 3-11). The check valves are free
floating devices and can easily be checked visually.
3.
Remove and check oil pressure relief valve (See
Figure 3-11). The oil pressure relief valve is a spring

3-6

3.7 COMPRESSOR RUNNING GEAR

REASSEMBLY

CHAMFERED EDGE

a. Seal End Main Bearings

1.
When installing new seal end main bearings the
oil groove is on top of the compressor with V grooves
pointing to each other. When installed, there must be a
5/16 inch (7.93 mm) gap between the two bearings (See
Figure 3-14).
2.

Line boring seal end main bearings.

CHAMFERED EDGE

5/16
GAP

SEAL END
THRUST
WASHER

Figure 3-16. Installing Piston Rod Assemblies and Seal

End Thrust Washer

TOP OF COMPRESSOR
Figure 3-14. Seal End Main Bearings

3.
Depending on date of manufacture, the
compressor may be fitted with double or single ring
pistons. Double ring and single ring pistons may be
installed in the compressor, as long as matched pistons
are used on each bank.

b. Pistons, Rods, and Rings

Prior to installing new piston rings, it is necessary to
break the hard glazed surface of the cylinder in order to
reduce the wearing-in period of the new rings. Break the
glaze by honing lightly in an up and down rotating motion.
Clean thoroughly after breaking glaze.

4.
Old double ring pistons (with wider lower ring
groove), the oil ring is installed in the groove nearest the
bottom and the compression ring in the groove nearest
the top. The oil ring is notched on the outside
circumference. This notch must be installed towards the
bottom. (See Figure 3-17)

Some 05G compressors for refrigeration use only

may have contoured pistons (See Figure 3-15). When
installing contoured pistons into compressor, check
suction valve and contoured piston are in the same
orientation.

Compression Ring

Figure 3-15. Contoured Piston

Oil Ring

1.
The gap between the ends of the piston rings can
be checked with a feeler gauge by inserting the ring into
the piston bore about one inch below the top of the bore.
Align the ring in the bore by pushing it slightly with a
piston. The maximum and minimum allowable ring gaps
are shown in Table 3-2.

OLD

Compression Ring

Compression Ring

NEW

Figure 3-17. Piston Rings

5.
The compression ring is chamfered on the inside
circumference. This ring is installed with the chamfer
towards the top. If using a double ring piston, stagger the
ring end gaps so they are not aligned.

2.
Install the piston and rod assemblies up through
the bottom of the crankcase and into the cylinders. Allow
pistons to extend beyond the top of the cylinder to enable
installation of piston rings. Pistons must be installed so
that the chamfer, on the connecting rod, faces toward the
crankshaft journals. Center rods on each crankshaft
throw may be installed in either direction. (See
Figure 3-16)

6.
Measure side clearance between ring and ring
groove in piston. Maximum dimensions are provided in
Table 3-2.

3-7

3.
Check operation and reinstall check valves and
relief valve. (See Figure 3-11). The check valves are
free-floating devices and can easily be checked visually.
The relief valve is a spring-loaded device which can be
checked by using a small piece of stiff wire to ensure that
the spring mechanism can be depressed.

c. Crankshaft and Seal End Thrust Washer

1.
Two brass thrust washers are used. The pump
end thrust washer is positioned on two dowel pins located
on the bearing head and is installed with the oil pump and
bearing head assembly. The seal end thrust washer is
positioned just ahead of the seal end main bearing on two
dowel pins installed in the crankcase. Both thrust washers
should be inspected for wear and scoring before
reassembly (Refer to Table 3-2).

4.

Clean and reinstall the oil strainer.

5.
Using a new gasket, install the bottom cover
plate. See figure 1-1 for relative location of compressor
mounting flanges. Torque cover capscrews, in a diagonal
pattern, to the torque value shown in Table 3-1.

2.
Install the seal end thrust washer on the two
dowel pins. (See Figure 3-16) Ensure piston rods are
pushed out of the way and install the crankshaft.

6.
Reassembly the cylinder head, oil pump and
shaft seal (Refer to sections 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5 ).

CAUTION
Do not allow crankshaft to drop on connecting
rods inside the crankcase when installing the
crankshaft.

3.8 SUCTION STRAINER

NOTE
Suction strainer has been preformed to fit into
suction cavity.

d. Bottom Plate, Strainer, and Connecting Rod Caps

1.
Do not tap piston with hammer if rings are
caught at entrance to the cylinder. Using a ring
compressor, squeeze rings sufficiently to allow piston to
be pushed down into the cylinder. Ensure that ring ends
are staggered so that the gaps are not aligned, and lightly
tap piston down into the cylinder. (See Figure 3-18) The
ring compressor can be easily fabricated from a piece of
sheet metal.

Remove and clean the suction strainer. (See

Figure 3-19) Check it for damage. If it is damaged,
replace suction strainer. Install suction strainer and
suction service valve using a new gasket.

Figure 3-19. Installing Suction Strainer

3.9 ADDING OIL

Figure 3-18. Installing Pistons

Add the proper oil charge to the compressor through

the oil fill plug. Refer to section 2.2.2 for the required oil
charge. Refer to unit operation manual for other
methods of adding oil to compressor.

2.
Install connecting rod caps on connecting rods
using new capscrews (special) and flat washers. Reuse of
the old capscrews is not recommended. Ensure that the
caps are installed on the dowel pins. Torque capscrews to
torque value shown in Table 3-1. Ensure freedom of
movement of crankshaft after capscrews are torqued on
each rod cap.

3.10 INSTALLING COMPRESSOR

Refer to section 2.2.2 and the unit service manual to
install the compressor. Allow compressor to run for 4 to 5
hours before checking new shaft seal assembly for leaks.

3-8

Table 3-1. Torque Values

TORQUE RANGE

SIZE
DIAMETER
(INCHES)
1/16
1/8
1/4
1/4

THREADS
PER INCH
27 (pipe)
27 (pipe)
20 (pipe)
20

1/4

28

5/16

18

3/8

16

1/2
13
#10
32
1-1/2
18 NEF
NEF --- National Extra Fine

USAGE
FT LB
FT-LB

MKG

8 to 12
15 to 20
20 to 25
10 to 12
6 to 10
12 to 16

1.11
2.07
2.77
1.38
0.83
1.66

to 1.66
to 2.77
to 3.46
to 1.66
to 1.38
to 2.21

16 to 20

2 21 to 2
2.21
2.77
77

20 to 30

2.77 to 4.15

40 to 50

5.53 to 6.92

55 to 80
4 to 6
35 to 45

7.61 to 11.06
0.55 to 0.83
4.84 to 6.22

3-9

Pipe Plug --- Crankshaft

Oil Return Check Valve --- Crankcase
Pipe Plug --- Gauge Connection
Connecting Rod Capscrew
Oil Pump Drive Segment (Vane Pump)
Unloader Valve
Cover Plate --- Plate End
Bearing Head (Vane Pump)
Discharge Service Valve
Pump End Bearing Head
Bottom Plate --- Crankcase
Cylinder Head
End Flange
Shaft Seal Cover
Suction Service Valve
Oil Pump Drive Segment (Vane Pump)
Oil Level Sight Glass

Table 3-2. Wear Limits

PART NAME
SEAL END
End Play (Seal Removed)
Main Bearing Diameter
Main Bearing Journal Diameter
PUMP END
Main Bearing Diameter
Main Bearing Journal Diameter
CONNECTING ROD
Connecting Rod Diameter
Piston Pin Bearing
CRANKSHAFT
Crankpin Diameter
Throw --- Height (37 CFM)
Throw --- Height (41 CFM)
THRUST WASHER (Thickness)
Pump End
Seal End
CYLINDERS and PISTONS
Bore
Piston (Diameter)
Piston Pin (Diameter)
Piston Ring Gap
Piston Ring Side Clearance

MAXIMUM WEAR
BEFORE REPAIR

FACTORY MAXIMUM

FACTORY MINIMUM

INCHES

MM

INCHES

MM

INCHES

MM

0.035
1.8760
---

0.8890
47.6504
---

.030
--1.8725

0.7620
--47.5615

--.002
.002

--0.051
0.051

1.3760
---

34.9504
---

--1.3735

--34.8869

.002
.002

0.051
0.051

1.3768
0.6883

34.9707
17.4752

--0.6878

--17.4701

.0020
.001

0.051
0.0254

--0.9698
1.072

--24.6329
27.2288

1.3735
0.9678
1.070

34.8869
24.5821
27.1780

.0025
-----

0.0635
-----

0.145
0.157

3.6830
3.987

0.144
0.155

3.658
3.937

.0250
.0250

0.6350
0.6350

2.0010
----0.013
0.002

50.8254
----0.3302
0.051

----See Figure 3-20

0.6873
17.4574
0.005
0.127
0.001
0.0254

.002
.002
.001
.025
.002

0.051
0.051
0.025
0.635
0.051

1.988
1.994

1.9960
1.9968
Figure 3-20. Piston Dimension (Wear Limits)

3-10

3-11
Figure 3-21. Compressor Exploded View