Chapter 4

Chapter 4
SNMPv1:
Organization and Information Models

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Chapter 4

Case Histories
AT&T Network Management Centers
Network Control Centers
Network Operations Center
CNN World Headquarters
Centralized troubleshooting of NIC
Performance degradation due to NMS
Bell Operating company procedure

Notes

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Chapter 4

Managed LAN
NMS
192.168.252.110
172.17.252.1

Router 2
Backbone Network

Router 1
172.16.46.1
Hub 1
172.16.46.2

Hub 2
172.16.46.3

Figure 4.1 A Managed LAN Network

Notes
NMS on subnet 192.168.252.1 manages the router and
the hubs on subnet 172.16.46.1 across the backbone
network

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Chapter 4

Managed Hub:
System Information
Title: System Information: 172.16.46.2
Name or IP Address: 172.16.46.2
System Name
:
System Description : 3Com LinkBuilder FMS, SW
version:3.02
System Contact
:
System Location
:
System Object ID :
.iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprises.43.1.8.5
System Up Time
: (2475380437) 286 days, 12:03:24.37
Figure 4.2(a) System Information on 172.16.46.2 Hub

Notes
Information obtained querying the hub
Data truly reflects what is stored in the hub

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Chapter 4

Managed Router:
System Information
Title: System Information: router1.gatech.edu
Name or IP Address: 172.16.252.1
System Name
System Description

System Contact
System Location
System Object ID
System Up Time

: router1.gatech.edu
: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
: IOS (tm) 7000 Software (C7000-JS-M), Version
: 11.2(6),RELEASE SOFTWARE (ge1)
: Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
: Compiled Tue 06-May-97 19:11 by kuong
:
: iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprises.cisco.ciscoProducts.
cisco 7000
: (315131795) 36 days, 11:21:57.95

Figure 4.2(c) System Information on Router

Notes

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Chapter 4

Managed Hub:
Port Addresses
Index Interface IP address

1
2

3Com
3Com

Network Mask Network

Address

Link Address

172.16.46.2
255.255.255.0 172.16 46.0
0x08004E07C25C
192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.101.0 <none>

Notes
Information acquired by the NMS on hub interfaces
Index refers to the interface on the hub
Link address is the MAC address
The second row data is a serial link

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Chapter 4

Managed Router:
Port Addresses
Index

Interface

IP address

Network Mask

Network
Address

Link Address

23
25

LEC.1.0
LEC.3.9

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

Ethernet2/0
Ethernet2/3
Ethernet2/4
Ethernet1/2
Ethernet 0/1
Ethernet2/2
Ethernet1/1
Ethernet2/1

192.168.3.0
192.168.252.
0
172.16..46.0
172.16.49.0
172.16.52.0
172.16.55.0
172.16.56.0
172.16.57.0
172.16.58.0
172.16.60.0

0x00000C3920B4
0x00000C3920B4

13
16
17
9
2
15
8
14

192.168.3.1
192.168.252.1
5
172.16..46.1
172.16.49.1
172.16.52.1
172.16.55.1
172.16.56.1
172.16.57.1
172.16.58.1
172.16.60.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

0x00000C3920AC
0x00000C3920AF
0x00000C3920B0
0x00000C3920A6
0x00000C39209D
0x00000C3920AE
0x00000C3920A5
0x00000C3920AD

Notes
Information acquired by NMS on the router interfaces
Index refers to the interface on the router
LEC is the LAN emulation card
Ethernet 2/0 interface refers to the interface
card 2 and port 0 in that card

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Chapter 4

Internet SNMP Management

1970

Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET)

Internet control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
1990
SNMPv1
1995
SNMPv2
1998
SNMPv3
Internet documents:
Request for Comments (RFC)
IETF STD Internet Standard
FYI For your information
Source for RFCs
ftp://nic.mil/rfc
ftp://ftp.internic.net/rfc
http://nic/internet.net/

Notes

Network Management: Principles and Practice

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Chapter 4

SNMPv1 & SNMPv2

Documents
RFC 1065
SMI
RFC 1155
STD 16

SNMP
Management
Documents

RFC 1066
MIB I
RFC 1156

RFC 1067
RFC 1098
SNMPv1
RFC 1157
STD 15

se SMI
C 1212
STD 16
RFC 1158
MIB II
RFC 1213
STD 17
RFC 1443
SMIv2 Txt
Conventions
RFC 1903

RFC 1448
SNMPv2
Protocol Ops
1905

RFC 1444
SMIv2
Conformances
RFC 1904

MIB II for
SNMPv2
RFC 1907

Figure 4.4 SNMP Document Evolution

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Chapter 4

SNMP Model
Organization Model
Relationship between network element,
agent, and manager
Hierarchical architecture
Information Model
Uses ASN.1 syntax
SMI (Structure of Management Information
MIB ( Management Information Base)
Communication Model
Transfer syntax
SNMP over TCP/IP
Communication services addressed by messages
Security framework community-based model

Notes

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Chapter 4

Two-Tier Organization Model

SNMP
Manager

SNMP
Manager

SNMP
Manager

SNMPAgent

Network Agent

Network
Element

Network
Element

(a) One Manager - One Agent Model

(b) Multiple Managers - One Agent Model

Notes
Any host that could query an agent is a manager

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Chapter 4

Three-Tier Organization Model:

RMON
SNMP
Manager

RMON
Probe
Managed
Objects

Notes
Managed object comprises network element and
management agent
RMON acts as an agent and a manager
RMON (Remote Monitoring) gathers data from MO,
analyses the data, and stores the data
Communicates the statistics to the manager

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Chapter 4

Three-Tier Organization Model:

Proxy Server
SNMP
Manager

Proxy
Server

Non-SNMP
Managed
Objects

SNMP
Managed
Objects

Notes
Proxy server converts non-SNMP data from
non-SNMP objects to SNMP compatible objects
and messages

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Chapter 4

System Architecture
SNMP Manager

SNMP

SNMP

UDP

UDP

IP

IP

DLC

DLC

PHY

PHY

Trap

Get-Response

GetNext-Request

Get-Request

Trap

SNMP Agent
Application

Get-Response

Set-Request

GetNext-Request

Get-Request

SNMP Manager
Application

Set-Request

Management
Data

SNMP Agent

Physical Medium
Figure 4.9 SNMP Network Management Architecture

Notes

Messages between manager and agent

Direction of messages - 3 from manager and
2 from agent
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Chapter 4

SNMP Messages
Get-Request
Sent by manager requesting data from agent
Get-Next-Request
Sent by manager requesting data on the next
MO to the one specified
Set-Request
Initializes or changes the value of network
element
Get-Response
Agent responds with data for get and set
requests from the manager
Trap
Alarm generated by an agent

Notes

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Chapter 4

Information
Structure of Management Information (SMI)
(RFC 1155)
Managed Object
Scalar
Aggregate or tabular object
Management Information Base (RFC 1213)

Notes
RFCs can be downloaded from ftp.internic.net/rfc

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Chapter 4

Managed Object
Object

Object
Type
Name:
OBJECT
IDENTIFIER

Syntax:
ASN.1

Object
Instance

Encoding:
BER

Figure 4.10 Managed Object : Type and Instance

Notes

Object type and data type are synonymous

Object identifier is data type, not instance
Object instance IP address (See Figure 4.2)

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Chapter 4

Managed Object: Multiple Instances

Object

Object
Type
Name:
OBJECT
IDENTIFIER

Object
Instance 3
Object
Instance 2

Syntax:
ASN.1

Encoding:
BER

Object
Instance 1

Figure 4.11 Managed Object : Type with Multiple Instances

Notes
All 3 Com hubs of the same version have identical
identifier; they are distinguished by the IP address
Each IP address is an instance of the object

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Chapter 4

Name
Uniquely defined by
DESCRIPTOR AND
OBJECT IDENTIFIER
internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=
{iso org(3) dod(6) 1 }.

internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {iso(1) standard(3) dod(6) internet(1)}

internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {1 3 6 1}
internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {iso standard dod internet }
internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso standard dod(6) internet(1) }
internet OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) standard(3) 6 1 }

Notes
Example
ipAddrTable

ip 20

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Chapter 4

Internet Subnodes
Internet
{1 3 6 1}

directory
(1)

mgmt
(2)

experimental
(3)

private
(4)

Figure 4.13 Subnodes under Internet Node in SNMPv1

Notes
directory
mgmt
experimental
private

OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {internet 1}

OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {internet 2}
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {internet 3}
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {internet 4}

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Chapter 4

Private MIB Example

Internet
{1 3 6 1}

private
(4)

enterprises
(1)

cisco
(9)

hp
(11)

3Com
(43)

Cabletron
(52)

Figure 4.14 Private Subtree for Commercial Vendors

Notes
private MIB intended for vendor equipment
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) assigns
identifiers

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Chapter 4

SNMP ASN.1 Data Type

SNMP ASN.1
Data Type
Tag
Structure

Number
Class
Defined
or
Application

Constructor
or
Structured

Universal

Application

Contextspecific

Figure 4.15 SNMP ASN.1 Data Type

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Chapter 4

Primitive Data Types

Structure
Primitive types

Data Type
INTEGER
OCTET STRING
OBJECT IDENTIFIER
NULL

Comments
Subtype INTEGER (n1..nN)
Special case: Enumerated
INTEGER type
8-bit bytes binary and textual data
Subtypes can be specified by
either range or fixed
Object position in MIB
Placeholder

Notes
get-request message has NULL for value fields and
get-response from agent has the values filled in
subtype:
INTEGER (0..255)
OCTET STRING (SIZE 0..255)
OCTET STRING (SIZE 8)

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Chapter 4

Enumerated
Special case of INTEGER data type

error-status INTEGER {
noError(0)
tooBig(1)
genErr(5)
authorizationError(16)
}

Notes
noError

NULL by convention

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Chapter 4

Defined or Application Data Type

Defined types

NetworkAddress
IpAddress
Counter
Gauge
TimeTicks
Opaque

Not used
Dotted decimal IP address
Wrap-around, non-negative
integer, monotonically increasing,
max 2^32 -1
Capped, non-negative integer,
increase or decrease
Non-negative integer in
hundredths of second units
Application-wide arbitrary ASN.1
syntax, double wrapped OCTET
STRING

Notes
Defined data types are simple or base types
Opaque is used to create data types based on
previously defined data types

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Chapter 4

Constructor or Structured Data Type:

SEQUENCE
List maker
SEQUENCE { <type1>, <type2>,, <typeN> }

1
2
3
4
5
6

List:

Object
ipAdEntAddr
ipAdEntIfIndex
ipAdEntNetMask
ipAdEntBcastAddr
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize
ipAddrEntry

OBJECT IDENTIFIER
{ipAddrEntry 1}
{ipAddrEntry 2}
{ipAddrEntry 3}
{ipAddrEntry 4}
{ipAddrEntry 5}
{ipAddrTable 1}

ObjectSyntax
IpAddress
INTEGER
IpAddress
INTEGER
INTEGER
SEQUENCE

IpAddrEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
ipAdEntAddr
IpAddress
ipAdEntIfIndex
INTEGER
ipAdEntNetMask
IpAddress
ipAdEntBcastAddr
INTEGER
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize
INTEGER (0..65535)
}
Managed Object IpAddrEntry as a list

Notes

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Chapter 4

Constructor or Structured Data Type:

SEQUENCE OF
SEQUENCE OF <entry>
where <entry> is a list constructor

Object Name
ipAddrTable

Table: IpAddrTable ::=

SEQUENCE OF

OBJECT IDENTIFIER
{ip 20}

Syntax
SEQUENCE OF

IpAddrEntry

Managed Object ipAddrTable as a table

Notes

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Chapter 4

SEQUENCE OF Example
Title: System Information : router1.gatech.edu
Name or IP Address: 172.16252.1
Index

Interface

IP address

Network Mask

Network
Address

Link Address

23
25

LEC.1.0
LEC.3.9

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

Ethernet2/0
Ethernet2/3
Ethernet2/4
Ethernet1/2
Ethernet 0/1
Ethernet2/2
Ethernet1/1
Ethernet2/1

192.168.3.0
192.168.252.
0
172.16..46.0
172.16.49.0
172.16.52.0
172.16.55.0
172.16.56.0
172.16.57.0
172.16.58.0
172.16.60.0

0x00000C3920B4
0x00000C3920B4

13
16
17
9
2
15
8
14

192.168.3.1
192.168.252.1
5
172.16..46.1
172.16.49.1
172.16.52.1
172.16.55.1
172.16.56.1
172.16.57.1
172.16.58.1
172.16.60.1

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

0x00000C3920AC
0x00000C3920AF
0x00000C3920B0
0x00000C3920A6
0x00000C39209D
0x00000C3920AE
0x00000C3920A5
0x00000C3920AD

Notes
The above example (Figure 4.3) uses part of the
IP MIB discussed for SEQUENCE OF construct

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Chapter 4

Encoding
Basic Encoding Rules (BER)
Tag, Length, and Value (TLV)
Type

Class
(7-8th bits)

Length

P/C
(6th bit)

Value

Tag Number
(1-5th bits)

SNMP Data Types and Tags

Type
Tag
OBJECT IDENTIFIER UNIVERSAL 6
SEQUENCE
UNIVERSAL 16
IpAddress
APPLICATION 0
Counter
APPLICATION 1
Gauge
APPLICATION 2
TimeTicks
APPLICATION 3
Opaque
APPLICATION 4

Notes

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Chapter 4

Managed Object: Structure

OBJECT:
sysDescr:
Syntax:
Definition:

Access:
Status:

{ system 1 }
OCTET STRING
"A textual description of the entity. This value
should include the full name and version
identification of the system's hardware type,
software operating-system, and networking
software. It is mandatory that this only contain
printable ASCII characters."
read-only
mandatory

Figure 4.17 Specifications for System Description

Notes

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Chapter 4

Managed Object: Macro

OBJECT-TYPE MACRO ::=
BEGIN
TYPE NOTATION ::= SYNTAX type(TYPE ObjectSyntax)
ACCESS Access
STATUS Status
VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE ObjectName)
Access ::= read-only | write-only | not-accessible
Status ::= mandatory | optional | obsolete
END
Figure 4.18(a) OBJECT-TYPE Macro [RFC 1155]

Notes
sysDescr OBJECT-TYPE

SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE (0..255))

ACCESS read-only
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
A textual description of the entity. This value should
include the full name and version identification of the
systems hardware type, software operating-system, and
networking software. It is mandatory that this only contain
printable ASCII characters.
::= {system 1 }
Figure 4.18(b) Scalar or Single Instance Macro: sysDescr
[RFC 1213]
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Chapter 4

Aggregate Object
A group of objects
Also called tabular objects
Can be represented by a table with
Columns of objects
Rows of instances
Table of Objects

List of Objects
Objects

Notes
Example: IP address table
Consists of objects:
IP address
Interface
Subnet mask (which subnet this address
belongs to)
Broadcast address (value of l.s.b. in IP
broadcast address)
Largest IP datagram that can be assembled
Multiple instances of these objects associated with
the node
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Chapter 4

Aggregate M.O. Macro:

Table Object
ipAddrTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF IpAddrEntry
ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"The table of addressing
information relevant to this entity's IP
addresses."
::= {ip 20}

Notes
ipAddrTable
OBJECT-TYPE
::= {ip 20}
ipAddrEntry
OBJECT-TYPE
::= {ipAddrTable 1}

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Chapter 4

Aggregate M.O. Macro:

Entry Object
ipAddrEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddrEntry
ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"The addressing information for one of this
entity's IP addresses."
INDEX { ipAdEntAddr }
::= { ipAddrTable 1 }
IpAddrEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
ipAdEntAddr
IpAddress,
ipAdEntIfIndex
INTEGER,
ipAdEntNetMask
IpAddress,
ipAdEntBcastAddr
INTEGER,
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize
INTEGER (0..65535)

Notes
Index ipAdEntAddr uniquely identifies an instance
May require more than one object in the instance to
uniquely identify it
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Chapter 4

Aggregate M.O. Macro:

Columnar Objects
ipAdEntAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
ACCESS read-only
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"The IP address to which this entry's
addressing information pertains."
::= { ipAddrEntry 1 }

ipAdEntReasmMaxSize OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..65535)
ACCESS read-only
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"The size of the largest IP datagram which this
entity can re-assemble from incoming IP
fragmented datagrams received on this interface."
::= { ipAddrEntry 5 }

Notes

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Chapter 4

Tabular Representation of
Aggregate Object
TABLE
T
ENTRY
E

COLUMNAR
OBJECT 1

COLUMNAR
OBJECT 2

COLUMNAR
OBJECT 3

COLUMNAR
OBJECT 4

COLUMNAR
OBJECT 5

Figure 4.22(a) Multiple Instance Managed Object

Notes
The objects TABLE T and ENTRY E are objects that
are logical objects. They define the grouping and are
not accessible
Columnar objects are objects that represent the
attributes and hence are accessible
Each instance of E is a row of columnar objects
1 through 5
Multiple instances of E are represented by multiple rows

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Chapter 4

Tabular Representation of
Aggregate Object
T

T.E

T.E.1.1

T.E.2.1

T.E.3.1

T.E.4.1

T.E.5.1

T.E.1.2

T.E.2.2

T.E.3.2

T.E.4.2

T.E.5.2

T.E.1.3

T.E.2.3

T.E.3.3

T.E.4.3

T.E.5.3

T.E.1.4

T.E.2.4

T.E.3.4

T.E.4.4

T.E.5.4

Figure 4.22(b) Example of 5 Columnar Object with 4 Instances (rows)

Notes
Notice that the column-row numeric designation is
reverse of what we are used to as row-column

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Chapter 4

Multiple Instances of
Aggregate Managed Object
ipAddrTable {1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20}
ipAddrEntry (1)
ipAdEntAddr (1)
ipAdEntIfIndex (2)
ipAdEntNetMask (3)
ipAdEntBcastAddr (4)
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize (5)
Columnar object ID of ipAdEntBcastAddr is (1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.4):
iso org dod internet mgmt mib ip ipAddrTable ipAddrEntry ipAdEntBcastAddr
1 3 6
1
2 1 4
20
1
4
Figure 4.23(a) Columnar objects under ipAddrEntry

Row

ipAdEntAddr

ipAdEntIfIndex

IpAdEntNetMask

IpAdEntBcastAddr

IpAdEntReasmMaxSize

1
2
3
4

123.45.2.1
123.45.3.4
165.8.9.25
9.96.8.138

1
3
2
4

255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0

0
1
0
0

12000
12000
10000
15000

Figure 4.23(b) Object instances of ipAddrTable (1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20)

Columnar Object
ipAdEntAddr
1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.1
ipAdEntIfIndex
1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.2
ipAdEntBcastAddr
1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.4
IpAdEntReasmMaxSize
1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.5

Row # in (b)

Object Identifier

{1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.1.123.45.3.4}

{1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.2.165.8.9.25}

{1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.4.123.45.2.1}

{1.3.6.1.2.1.4.20.1.5.9.96.8.138}

Figure 4.23(c) Object Id for specific instance

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Chapter 4

SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC

RFC1155-SMI DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
EXPORTS -- EVERYTHING
internet, directory, mgmt, experimental, private, enterprises,
OBJECT-TYPE, ObjectName, ObjectSyntax, SimpleSyntax,
ApplicationSyntax, NetworkAddress, IpAddress, Counter, Gauge,
TimeTicks, Opaque;
-- the path to the root
internet

OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso org(3) dod(6) 1 }

directory OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { internet 1 }

mgmt
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { internet 2 }
experimental OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { internet 3 }
private
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { internet 4 }
enterprises OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { private 1 }

Notes
EXPORTS identifies the objects that any other module
could import

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Chapter 4

SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC

-- definition of object types
OBJECT-TYPE MACRO ::=
BEGIN
TYPE NOTATION ::= "SYNTAX" type (TYPE ObjectSyntax)
"ACCESS" Access
"STATUS" Status
VALUE NOTATION ::= value (VALUE ObjectName)
Access ::= "read-only" | "read-write" | "write-only" "not-accessible"
Status ::= "mandatory" | "optional" | "obsolete"
END

Notes

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Chapter 4

SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC

-- names of objects in the MIB
ObjectName ::=
OBJECT IDENTIFIER
-- syntax of objects in the MIB
ObjectSyntax ::=
CHOICE {
simple
SimpleSyntax,
application-wide
ApplicationSyntax
}

Notes

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Chapter 4

SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC

SimpleSyntax ::=
CHOICE {
number
INTEGER,
string
OCTET STRING,
object
OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
empty
NULL
}
ApplicationSyntax ::=
CHOICE {
address
NetworkAddress,
counter
Counter,
gauge
Gauge,
ticks
TimeTicks,
arbitrary
Opaque
-- other application-wide types, as they are defined,
will be added here
}

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Chapter 4

SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC

-- application-wide types
NetworkAddress ::=
CHOICE {
internet
IpAddress
}
IpAddress ::=
[APPLICATION 0]
-- in network-byte order
IMPLICIT OCTET STRING (SIZE (4))
Counter ::=
[APPLICATION 1]
IMPLICIT INTEGER (0..4294967295)
Gauge ::=
[APPLICATION 2]
IMPLICIT INTEGER (0..4294967295)
TimeTicks ::=
[APPLICATION 3]
IMPLICIT INTEGER (0..4294967295)
Opaque ::=
[APPLICATION 4]
-- arbitrary ASN.1 value,
IMPLICIT OCTET STRING -- "double-wrapped"
END

Notes

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Chapter 4

MIB
Internet
{1 3 6 1}

directory
(1)

mgmt
(2)

experimental
(3)

private
(4)

mib-2
(1)

system (1)
interfaces (2)

snmp (11)
transmission (10)
cmot (9)

at (3)
ip (4)
icmp (5)

egp (8)
udp (7)
tcp (6)

Figure 4.26 Internet MIB-II Group

Notes
MIB-II (RFC 1213) is superset of MIB-I
Objects that are related grouped into object groups
MIB module comprises module name, imports from
other modules, and definitions of current module
RFC 1213 defines eleven groups; expanded later
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Chapter 4

System Group
system
(mib-2 1)

sysDescr (1)
sysObjectId
(2)
sysUpTime (3)

sysServices (7)
sysLocation (6)
sysName (5)
sysContact (4)

Figure 4.27 System Group

Notes
Entity
sysDescr
sysObjectID
sysUpTime
sysContact
sysName
sysLocation
sysServices

OID
system 1
system 2
system 3
system 4
system 5
system 6
system 7

Description (brief)
Textual description
OBJECT IDENTIFIER of the entity
Time (in hundredths of a second since last reset)
Contact person for the node
Administrative name of the system
Physical location of the node
Value designating the layer services provided by the
entity

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Chapter 4

sysServices
sysServices OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER (0..127)
ACCESS read-only
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"A value which indicates the set of services that
this entity primarily offers.
The value is a sum. This sum initially takes the
value zero, Then, for each layer, L, in the range
1 through 7, that this node performs transactions
for, 2 raised to (L - 1) is added to the sum. For
example, a node which performs primarily routing
functions would have a value of 4 (2^(3-1)). In
contrast, a node which is a host offering
application services would have a value of 72
(2^(4-1) + 2^(7-1)). Note that in the context of
the Internet suite of protocols, values should be
calculated accordingly:
layer functionality
1 physical (e.g., repeaters)
2 datalink/subnetwork (e.g., bridges)
3 internet (e.g., IP gateways)
4 end-to-end (e.g., IP hosts)
7 applications (e.g., mail relays)
For systems including OSI protocols, layers 5 and
6 may also be counted."
::= { system 7 }

Notes
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Chapter 4

Interfaces Group
interfaces
(mib-2 2)

ifNumber
(1)

ifTable
(2)

ifEntry
(1)
ifIndex (1)
ifDescr (2)

ifSpecific (22)
ifOutQLen (21)

ifType (3)

ifOutErrors (20)

ifMtu (4)

ifOutDiscards (19)

ifSpeed (5)

ifOutNUcastPkts (18)

ifPhysAddress (6)

ifOutUcastPkts (17)

ifAdminstatus (7)
ifOperStatus (8)

ifOutOctets (16)
ifUnknownProtos (15)

ifLastChange (9)

ifInErrors (14)

ifInOctets (10)

ifInDiscards (13)

ifInUcastPkts (11)

Legend:

ifInNUcastPkts (12)

INDEX in bold

Figure 4.28 Interfaces Group

Notes

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Chapter 4

ifEntry
IfEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IfEntry
ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS mandatory
DESCRIPTION
"An interface entry containing
objects at the subnetwork layer and
below for a particular interface."
INDEX {ifIndex}
::= {ifTable 1}

Notes
ifEntry specifies the objects in a row in the ifTable
Each interface is defined as a row in the table

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Chapter 4

ifType
ifType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
other(1),
-- none of the following
regular1822(2),
hdh1822(3),
ddn-x25(4),
rfc877-x25(5),
ethernet-csmacd(6),
iso88023-csmacd(7),
iso88024-tokenBus(8),
iso88025-tokenRing(9),
iso88026-man(10),
starLan(11),
proteon-10Mbit(12),
proteon-80Mbit(13),
hyperchannel(14),
fddi(15),
lapb(16),
sdlc(17),
ds1(18),
-- T-1
e1(19),
-- european equiv. of T-1
basicISDN(20),
primaryISDN(21), -- proprietary serial
propPointToPointSerial(22),
ppp(23),
.

Notes
Type of interface below the network layer defined as
enumerated integer
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Chapter 4

IP Group
ip
(mib-2 4)

ipForwarding (1)

ipRoutingDiscards (23)

ipDefaultTTL (2)

ipNetToMediaTable (22)

ipInReceives (3)

ipRouteTable (21)

ipInHdrErrors (4)

ipAddrTable (20)

ipInAddrErrors (5)

ipFragCreates (19)

ipForwDatagrams (6)

ipFragFails (18)
ipFragOKs (17)

ipInUnknownProtos (7)

ipInDiscards (8)

ipReasmFails (16)

ipInDelivers (9)

ipReasmOKs (15)

ipOutRequests(10)

ipReasmReqds (14)

ipOutDiscards (11)

ipReasmTimeout (13)

ipOutNoRoutes (12)

Figure 4.29 IP Group

Notes
ipForwarding: Gateway(1) and Router(2)
IP Address Table contains table of IP addresses
IP Route Table contains an entry for each route
IP Network-to-Media Table is address translation table
mapping IP addresses to physical addresses
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Chapter 4

IP Address Table
ipAddrTable
(ip 20)
ipAddrEntry
(ipAddrTable 1)

ipAdEntReasmMaxSize (5)

ipAdEntAddr (1)

ipAdEntBcastAddr (4)

ipAdEntIfIndex (2)
ipAdEntNetMask
(3)
Legend:

INDEX in bold
Figure 4.30 IP Address Table

Notes
Entity
ipAddrTable
ipAddrEntry

OID
ip 20
IpAddrTable 1

ipAdEntAddr

IpAddrEntry 1

ipAdEntIfIndex

IpAddrEntry 2

ipAdEntNetMask

IpAddrEntry 3

ipAdEntBcastAddr
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize

IpAddrEntry 4
IpAddrEntry 5

Description (brief)
Table of IP addresses
One of the entries in the IP address
table
The IP address to which this entry's
addressing information pertains
Index value of the entry, same as
ifIndex
Subnet mask for the IP address of
the entry
Broadcast address indicator bit
Largest IP datagram that can be
reassembled on this interface

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Chapter 4

IP Routing Table
ipRouteTable
(ip 21)
ipRouteEntry
ipRouteTable (1)

ipRouteDest
(1)
ipRouteIfIndex (2)
ipRouteMetric1 (3)
ipRouteMetric2 (4)
ipRouteMetric3 (5)
ipRouteMetric4 (6)

ipRouteInfo (13)
ipRouteMetric5
(12)
ipRouteMask 11)
ipRouteAge (10)
ipRouteProto (9)
ipRouteType (8)
ipRouteNextHop (7)

Figure 4.31 IP Routing Table

Entity
ipRouteTable
ipRouteEntry
ipRouteDest
ipRouteIfIndex
ipRouteMetric1
ipRouteMetric2
ipRouteMetric3
ipRouteMetric4
ipRouteNextHop
ipRouteType
ipRouteProto

OID
ip 21
ipRouteTable 1
ipRouteEntry 1
ipRouteEntry 2
ipRouteEntry 3
ipRouteEntry 4
ipRouteEntry 5
ipRouteEntry 6
ipRouteEntry 7
ipRouteEntry 8
ipRouteEntry 9

ipRouteAge
ipRouteMask

ipRouteEntry 10
ipRouteEntry 11

ipRouteMetric5
ipRouteInfo

ipRouteEntry 12
ipRouteEntry 13

Description (brief)
IP routing table
Route to a particular destination
Destination IP address of this route
Index of interface, same as ifIndex
Primary routing metric for this route
An alternative routing metric for this route
An alternative routing metric for this route
An alternative routing metric for this route
IP address of the next hop
Type of route
Routing mechanism by which this route was
learned
Number of seconds since routing was last updated
Mask to be logically ANDed with the destination
address before comparing with the ipRouteDest
field
An alternative metric for this route
Reference to MIB definition specific to the routing
protocol

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Chapter 4

IP Address Translation Table

ipNetToMediaTable
(ip 22)

ipNetToMediaEntry (1)

ipNetToMediaIfIndex (1)

ipNetToMediaType (4)

ipNetToMediaPhysAddress (2)

ipNetToMediaNetAddress

(3)

Figure 4.32 IP Address Translation Table

Notes
Entity
ipNetToMediaTable

ip 22

OID

ipNetToMediaEntry

IpNetToMediaTable 1

ipNetToMediaIfIndex

IpNetToMediaEntry 1

ipNetToMediaPhysAddress IpNetToMediaEntry 2
ipNetToMediaNetAddress IpNetToMediaEntry 3
ipNetToMediaType
IpNetToMediaEntry 4

Description (brief)
Table mapping IP addresses to
physical addresses
IP address to physical address
for the particular interface
Interfaces on which this entry's
equivalence is effective; same
as ifIndex
Media dependent physical
address
IP address
Type of mapping

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Chapter 4

ICMP Group
icmp
(mib-2 5)

icmpInMsgs (1)
icmpInErrors (2)

icmpOutAddrMaskReps (26)
icmpOutAddrMasks (25)

icmpInDestUnreachs (3)

icmpOutTimestampReps (24)

icmpInTimeExcds (4)
icmpInParmProbe (5)

icmpOutTimestamps (23)
icmpOutEchoReps (22)

icmpInSrcQuenchs (6)

icmpOutEchos (21)

icmpInRedirects (7)
icmpInEchos (8)

icmpOutRedirects (20)
icmpOutSrcQuenchs (19)

icmpInEchoReps (9)
icmpInTimestamps (10)

icmpOutParmProbe (18)
icmpOutTimeExcds (17)

icmpInTimestampReps (11)

icmpOutDestUnreachs (16)

icmpInAddrMasks (12)
icmpInAddrMaskReps (13)

icmpOutErrors (15)
icmpInMsgs (14)

Figure 4.34 ICMP Group

Notes
Objects associated with ping
icmpOutEchos
# ICMP echo messages sent
icmpInEchoReps # ICMP echo reply messages
received
Objects associated with traceroute/tracert
icmpInTimeExcs # ICMP time exceeded
messages received
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Chapter 4

TCP Group
tcp
(mib-2 6)

tcpRtoAlgorithm

tcpOutRsts (15)
tcpInErrors (14)

(1)
tcpRtoMin (2)
tcpRtoMax (3)
tcpMaxConn (4)
tcpActiveOpens (5)
tcpPassiveOpens (6)
tcpAttemptFails (7)

tcpConnTable 13)
tcpRetranSegs (12)
tcpOutSegs (11)
tcpInSegs (10)
tcpCurrEstab (9)
tcpEstabResets (8)

Figure 4.35 TCP Group

Notes
Connection-oriented transport protocol group
Has one table

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Chapter 4

TCP Connection Table

tcpConnTable
(tcp 13)
tcpConnEntry
(1)

tcpConnState (1)
tcpConnLocalAddress (2)

tcpCommRemPort (5)
tcpConnRemAddress(4)
tcpConnLocalPort (3)

Figure 4.36 TCP Connection Table

Notes
Entity
tcpConnTable
tcpconnEntry

OID
tcp 13
TcpConnTable 1

tcpConnState
TcpConnEntry 1
tcpConnLocalAddress TcpConnEntry 2
tcpConnLocalPort
TcpConnEntry 3
tcpConnRemAddress TcpConnEntry 4
tcpConnRemPort
TcpConnEntry 5

Description (brief)
TCO connection table
Information about a particular TCP
connection
State of the TCP connection
Local IP address
Local port number
Remote IP address
Remote port number

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Chapter 4

UDP Group
udp
(mib-2 7)

udpInDatagrams
(1)

udpInErrors
(3)

udpNoPorts
(2)

udpOutDatagrams
(4)

udpTable
(5)

udpEntry
(1)

udpLocAddress
(1)

udpLocalPort
(2)

Figure 4.37 UDP Group

Notes

Connectionless transport protocol group

Has one table, UDP table
Entity
udpInDatagrams

OID
udp 1

udpNoPorts

udp 2

udpInErrors
udpOutDatagrams
udpTable
udpEntry

udp 3
udp 4
udp 5
udpTable 1

udpLocalAddress
udpLocalPort

udpEntry 1
udpEntry 2

Description (brief)
Total number of datagrams delivered to the
users
Total number of received datagrams for
which there is no application
Number of received datagrams with errors
Total number of datagrams sent
UDP Listener table
Information about a particular connection or
UDP listener
Local IP address
Local UDP port

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