Application of Community Psy @lubna Ishtiaq UOG@
Application of Community Psy @lubna Ishtiaq UOG@
Application of Community Psy @lubna Ishtiaq UOG@
The word "community" is derived from the Old French communit which is
derived from the Latin communitas (cum, "with/together" + munus, "gift"), a
broad term for fellowship or organized society.
All Human achievements are first thoughts before they become things. So the
creations of communities such as cities, governments, armies, as well as
communal achievements such as conquests and discoveries everything that
goes to make a community must spring from a community's thoughts.
So, a community can be defined as:
A community is that group of people sharing a common understanding [a
communal understanding] who reveal themselves by using the same language,
manners, customs and law, which is their tradition.
This definition of community can be understood by following terms:
Communal Understanding:
A Communal Mind:
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In other word, we can say that; community is:
Community is a social group of any size whose members reside in a specific
locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical
heritage.
Community can also be defined as:
A community is a group of people who form relationships over time by
interacting regularly around shared experiences, which are of interest to all of
them for varying individual reasons.
According to Anthony Cohen, what is community?
Anthony Cohen has a different idea of what community is. According to Cohen,
when we use the word community, what we are doing is establishing a symbolic
boundary around a class of people. That is, we are using language to mark a
difference between people inside and those outside the community.
He suggests the word is loosely used to imply that community is:
A group or category of people, who have something in common with each other,
which distinguishes them in a significant way from other groups
Community implies those inside are similar to each other and different from
others. It creates a bond between some people and excludes others. Thus
community implies and creates a boundary between us and them, inside group
and outside group.
This boundary is marked in symbolic ways. There are many types of symbol
which mark the boundaries of community - flags, badges, dances, languages and
so on. One type of symbol which mark the boundaries are words - words like
freedom, democracy, brotherhood. These are always "Hurrah" words, as opposed
to "Boo" words - tyranny, barbarian, savage.
Community is one such boundary marking symbol. As a symbol it is held in
common by all the members, but its meaning might vary with each members
unique understanding of it.
According to Cohen, people construct community symbolically, making
community a resource and a repository of meaning, and a point of reference for
their social identity.
The questions are?
1. "What makes up a community?
The more complex answer is that it depends on the community and the issues
involved. In general, a sustainable community is a geographic area and
includes everything in that area--human and nonhuman, animal, vegetable,
and mineral.
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In some cases, political boundaries such as town, city or county limits might be
most useful in delineating a community. In other cases, watersheds or other
natural boundaries might be most useful.
In make up community important is that the members of the community be
involved in deciding the boundaries of their community and how to make that
community a sustainable community.
2. "How big is a community?
The simple answer is: community is as big as it needs to be."
Types of Community:
A number of ways to categorize types of community have been proposed; one
such breakdown is:
Local Community:
Local community also known as Geographic community that is range from the
local neighbourhood, suburb, village, town or city, region, nation or even the
planet as a whole. These refer to communities of location.
It can be defined as: Local community is a geographically defined community of
place, a group of people living close to each other.
Community Development:
Community Service:
Another, it can be defined as: Community service is something that you volunteer
your valuable time and energy to support, promote, and impact.
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What is not community service? Anything you do that is neither active nor
shows responsibility or concern for your community wont pass the bill as
community service.
Community Rehabilitation:
Communities of Culture:
Community culture range from the local clique, sub-culture, ethnic group,
religious, multicultural or pluralistic civilisation, or the global community cultures
of today. They may be included as communities of need or identity, such as
disabled persons, or frail aged people.
Community Organizations:
Community Psychology:
Community psychologists tend to strive toward several different goals for the
communities they study and help. Such as: [1]Empowerment is extremely
important; individuals need to feel empowered to be effective members of the
community and communities that were marginalized in the past need to be
empowered to take a stronger place in society. [2]Social justice is also highly
important as all members of the community, as well as the community as a whole,
need to be respected as members of society, deserving of all rights that come with
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that role. [3]Diversity naturally stems from these; no just and empowered society
should have any prejudice against different kinds of people.
Communities are nested; one community can contain anotherfor example a geographic
community may contain a number of ethnic communities.
Since the main concern of the Health Department is teenager, in chicago, a community
psychologist using the primary prevention model would want to lower the rate of new
drug use by educating a population of non-user.
Facilitating the bringing together of people with common interests, and their allies, and
helping them connect with others for greater power to change. For example self-advocacy
groups, linking these to other local civil rights organizations, transport, lobby groups, and
neighborhoods group. Developing new projects which seek to include people with
learning difficulties and other people, such as resident' associations, park users' groups,
walking or fitness groups, arts projects.
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University of Illinois:
Working to develop alliances that will challenge the status quo, build a counter system
and form part of wider emancipator social movements. For example, facilitating links
between user groups and local women's groups; combining pressure for better continence
services with environmental campaigns around personal hygiene products; enabling
people with learning difficulties to make links with other groups of marginalized people
through the internet; linking with local campaigns and information projects around
unemployment and contributing to national and international movements on labor
conditions.
Cornell University is a private university located in Ithaca, New York, USA, that is a
member of the Ivy League. In Cornell university of New York, courses related to
psychology such as community psychology, forensic, counseling and clinical psychology
offers both graduate and master students.
Abraham Wandersman earned his Ph.D. from Cornell University in New York City in
1976 and is currently a professor as a community psychologist at the University of South
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Carolina. Dr. Wandersmans areas of interest include community psychology, program
evaluation, environmental and ecological psychology, citizen participation, community
coalitions, and program evaluation.
Algoma University, Ontario Surrounded by the rich, natural beauty of Northern Ontario,
in Sault Ste. Algoma University is a diverse community of over 1200 students, offering
more than 30 academic degree programs taught by internationally known experts in fields
such as Business, Community Psychology, Economics, Biology, History, & Computer
Science. Algoma University has more than 40 years experience in offering undergraduate
liberal arts and science programs, and now offers an internationally recognized and
respected Masters degree in the burgeoning field of computer games technology.
University of Dhaka:
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Application of Community Psychology in Pakistan:
In university of Karachi,
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psychology, forensic psychology and many more] community
psychology will also be introduce in all other different
fields and in future, it will have a bright scope. In simply
we can say that community psychology is in the way
of progress.