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Glass Fibre

This is a simple presentation on glass fibre that gives a brief explanation on properties and production of glass fibre.

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sofiahabib
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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6K views14 pages

Glass Fibre

This is a simple presentation on glass fibre that gives a brief explanation on properties and production of glass fibre.

Uploaded by

sofiahabib
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 14

M.

HABIB SOFIA
07BTT14
 The basic component of glass fibers is silica, SiO2. In its
pure form it exists as a polymer, (SiO2)n.

 It has no true melting point but softens up to 2000°C,


where it starts to degrade.

 It is usual to introduce impurities into the glass in the form


of other materials to lower its working temperature.

 In the polymer it forms SiO4 groups which are configured


as a tetrahedron with the silicon atom at the center, and
four oxygen atoms at the corners.

 These atoms then form a network bonded at the corners


by sharing the oxygen atoms.
 Density -2.50-2.55 g/cc
 Diameter -10-20 µm
 Tenacity -6.3-11.7 g/den
 Extension at break (%) -2.5 %
 Tensile strength (MPa) -2000-3500
 Young’s modulus (GPa) -73
 Melting Point -700C
There are two popular manufacturing
processes for glass fibers.

1. Preparation of marbles, which are remelted


in the fiberisation stage.
2. Direct melting route, in which a furnace is
continuously charged with raw materials
which are melted and refined.
 Glass fibers are produced by rapid
attenuation of the molten glass exuding
through nozzles under gravity.
 A solid intermediate stage (glass marbles) is
thereby eliminated which, in particular,
brings about a reduction in the specific
energy costs.
 It is common practice to melt E-glass (alkali-
free glass) in spinning baths heated by
natural gas with recuperative heat recovery
to achieve melting capacities of 6–20 t/day.
 The rate of fiber production at the nozzle is a
function of the rate of flow of glass, not the rate
of attenuation, which only determines final
diameter of the fiber.
 As the melt cools, it increases in viscosity, which
varies along the nozzle making exact predictions
of the flow rate difficult. Iterative procedures
can be used to determine the dimensions of a
nozzle of a selected design.
 Direct melt spinning is more predictable because
of the complexities introduced by remelting
preformed marbles.
a) Discontinuous
b) Continuous
 After cooling, glass fibers immediately assume a
solid state. The more quickly cooling takes
place, the more their structure corresponds to
that of the glass melt.
 Structural changes in the fiber are caused by
ageing or reheating; disassociation (micro-
heterogeneity), in particular, increases which, at
the same time, causes the density to rise but
also initiates contraction phenomena.
 For standard reinforcing materials, fiber
diameters of 9–11 μm are generally employed
although, for economic reasons, there is a
tendency to increase the range to 13–15 μm.
 Very high tensile strength
 Excellent resistance to sunlight and UV
 Excellent FR properties
 Good dimensional stability
 Zero moisture absorbance
 Resistant to mildew, rotting and insects
 Excellent UV stability
 Glass textiles are of comparatively relatively
low price (1.25 Euro/kg) so they have found
wide applications.
 Adhesion difficulties.

 Relatively heavy.

 Glass fibres if breathed into the lungs can


promote fatal cancerous growth.

 Brittle, poor flexing properties.

 Poor abrasion resistance.


 Glass fabrics are used for interior furnishings
wherever high demands are placed on safety,
e.g. in ships, hotels, cinemas, wall coverings,
etc.
 Glass woven fabrics are use as bases for PTFE
coatings for industrial uses, such as calender
belts and building structures.
 Fiberglass reinforcing sheets are used in PVC-
backed carpet tiles.
 The fiberglass prevents creep of the PVC.
 Nonwoven glass and polyester fabrics are
widely used in roofing applications.
 Glass fibres are almost universally used in
place of asbestos.
 Glass fibers are also heat-resistant materials.
Thank you

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