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    Vehicle Classification

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    nilapune
    This document provides an overview of various vehicle classification systems used around the world and classifications of different types of vehicles. It discusses classifications for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and buses under schemes used in India, Europe, the US and other regions. Key vehicle body types are also summarized, including light utility vans, medium and heavy duty trucks, and different bus categories.

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    Vehicle Classification

    Uploaded by

    nilapune
    8K views33 pages
    This document provides an overview of various vehicle classification systems used around the world and classifications of different types of vehicles. It discusses classifications for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and buses under schemes used in India, Europe, the US and other regions. Key vehicle body types are also summarized, including light utility vans, medium and heavy duty trucks, and different bus categories.

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    This document provides an overview of various vehicle classification systems used around the world and classifications of different types of vehicles. It discusses classifications for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and buses under schemes used in India, Europe, the US and other regions. Key vehicle body types are also summarized, including light utility vans, medium and heavy duty trucks, and different bus categories.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    8K views33 pages

    Vehicle Classification

    Uploaded by

    nilapune
    This document provides an overview of various vehicle classification systems used around the world and classifications of different types of vehicles. It discusses classifications for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and buses under schemes used in India, Europe, the US and other regions. Key vehicle body types are also summarized, including light utility vans, medium and heavy duty trucks, and different bus categories.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING

    SYSTEM
    COURSE CONTENTS
     Chassis and Body
     Classification of Vehicle, Layout, Construction &
    Details, Chassis & Body material, Integrated
    construction, BIW, Interior System, Console
    design, Pillar trims, Head roof

     Transmission & Driveline


     Front Axle & Steering
     Breaking and suspension
     Electrical System
    CLASSIFICATION OF VEHICLES
    &
    VEHICLE BODIES (COMMERCIAL
    VEHICLE)
    CMVR – VEHICLE TYPES :

    CMVR:
    Central Motor Vehicle Rules
    applicable in India
    Also Classified as:

    2Wheeler,
    3Weeler, and
    4Wheeler
    ECONOMIC
    COMMISSION OF
    EUROPE (ECE )

    Road Vehicle Types:


     Power Driven
    Vehicle
     Motor Vehicle

     Trailer Vehicle

     Vehicle
    Combinations
    ECONOMIC COMMISSION OF EUROPE
    (ECE )
    Some Ex:
     Convertible

     Pullman

     Coupe

     Articulated Bus
    ECONOMIC COMMISSION OF EUROPE
    (ECE )

    ECE – R.E. 3
    Classification of
    Vehicle:
     Category L
     Category M
     Category N
     Category O
     Category G
    USA CLASSIFICATION
    SUMMARIZED COMPARISON:
    SUMMARIZED COMPARISON:
    POPULAR TRUCKS CLASSIFICATIONS IN
    INDIA

     FFC: Full Forward Control


     LPT: Load Passenger cum Transport

     SFC: Semi Forward Control


    CLASSIFICATION OF PASSENGER
    VEHICLE:
    Cars may be classified by a number of different criteria;
    because a vehicle may fit into multiple categories, or
    not completely satisfy the requirements for any.
    Commonly used systems of classification. Where
    applicable is a equivalent Euro NCAP classifications.
    Car rental companies often use the ACRISS Car
    Classification Code.
    The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US
    EPA), based on interior passenger and cargo volumes.
    A similar set of classes is used by the Canadian EPA.
    Australia, the Federal Chamber of Automotive Industries
    publishes its own classifications.
    ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE:
    First letter:

    Code

    Category

    M
    N
    ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE:

    Code
     Second letter:
    Type

    B 2
    C 2
    ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE:
     Third letter:

    Code
    Transmission
    / Drive

    M
    ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE:
     Third letter:

    Code
    Fuel /
    Air Conditioning

    Example:

    R
     IDAR - Intermediate, 4-doors,
    automatic gearbox and air-
    conditioning (e.g. Vauxhall
    Insignia or Renault Megane
    Scénic)
     ECMN - Economy, 2/4 doors,
    manual gearbox, no air-

    N
    conditioning (e.g. Ford Fiesta or
    Opel Corsa
    EURO CAR SEGMENT CLASSIFICATIONS:

    A- SEGMENT MINI CARS


    B- SEGMENT SMALL CARS
    C- SEGMENT MEDIUM CARS
    D- SEGMENT LARGE CARS
    E- SEGMENT EXECUTIVE CARS
    F- SEGMENT LUXURY CARS
    S- SEGMENT SPORT COUPES
    M- SEGMENT MULTI PURPOSE CARS
    J- SEGMENT SPORT UTILITY CARS
    (INCLUDING OFF-ROAD VEHICLES)
    EURO NCAP CLASSIFICATIONS:
    MICROCAR
    HATCHBACKS, SALOONS (SEDANS) AND ESTATE CARS (STATION WAGONS)

    CITY CAR
    SUPERMINI/SUBCOMPACT CAR
    SMALL FAMILY CAR/COMPACT CAR
    LARGE FAMILY CAR/MID-SIZE CAR
    FULL-SIZE CAR/LARGE CAR
    COMPACT EXECUTIVE CAR/ENTRY-LEVEL LUXURY CAR
    EXECUTIVE CAR/MID-LUXURY CAR
    FULL-SIZE LUXURY CAR/GRAND SALOON
    SPORTS CARS AND GRAND TOURERS
    HOT HATCH / SPORT COMPACT
    SPORTS SALOON / SPORTS SEDAN / LUXURY SPORTS
    SPORTS CAR
    GRAND TOURER
    SUPERCAR
    MUSCLE CAR
    PONY CAR
    CONVERTIBLE
    OFF-ROADERS
    SPORT UTILITY VEHICLE
    CROSSOVER SUV
    MULTI-PURPOSE VEHICLES / MINIVANS
    VAN, CAMPER, RV, MINIBUS ETC.
    EURO NCAP EXAMPLES:
    SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

    American
    English
    Microcar Mi
    SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

    American Brit
    English Engl

    Sportscar Sportsc
    SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

    Mini SUV M

    Compact Co
    SUV 4x
    CLASSIFICATION OF INDIAN PASSENGER
    VEHICLE:

    The classifica
    (Passenger ca
    A1 - Mini - Up
    OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLE
     Light utility
    vans
     Truck van

     Road train

     Large-capacity
    road train
     Semitrailer

     Bus
    VEHICLE BODIES: COMMERCIAL
    VEHICLES
     They are used for Safe and Efficient transport of
    person and freight.
     Economic efficiency is determined by Ration of
    Usable space to Overall vehicle volume, and
     Payload to Gross Vehicle Weight.

     From a Design point of view a distinction is


    made between Cab-over-engine (COE) and Cab-
    behind-engine (CBE) vehicles.
     Due to wide Diversity, Calculating dimensions of
    body structure (unitized body, cab, chassis etc)
    takes a major role in Design.
    OVERVIEW OF LIGHT UTILITY VANS

     Panel van
     Platform van
     Double-cab
    low-bed truck
     Chassis
    OVERVIEW OF LIGHT UTILITY VANS
     They are Light Duty Vans (2 to 7 Tons) used in
    Transportation of persons and local freight.
     Light utility vans with more powerful engines
    are also increasing in long-distance transport.
     In both the case Stringent demands are made
    on vehicles in term of Agility, Performance,
    user-friendliness, and safety.
     Design Concept based on Front mounted
    engine, Front or Rear-wheel drive, Independent
    suspension, Rigid axle, and with Gross weight
    3.5T and higher Twin tyres on the rear axle.
    MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND
    TRACTOR VEHICLE
    MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND
    TRACTOR VEHICLE

     These vehicles have either load-bearing


    chassis or partially load bearing body.
     Engine is at the Front, seldom fitted as an
    underfloor engine between the axles.
     Vehicle is driven by Twin tire axle(s), rarly rear
    axle is fitted with Single Tire.
     Type of truck undercarriage:

    N = Z / L Where, N is Nos. of wheels


    Z is Nos. of Driven wheel
    and L is Nos. of Steered wheels
    (Twin wheels count One wheel)
    MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND
    TRACTOR VEHICLE

     Normal chassis have leaf- and air-sprung rigid


    front and rear axles.
     Pneumatic suspension reduces body
    acceleration forces.
     Three axle vehicle are fitted with either a
    leading or trailing axle to increase Payload
    Capacity.
    BUSES:

    Bus market offers a specific vehicle for


    practically every application, results in wide
    range of Bus types, which differ in their overall
    dimensions and Application.
     Microbuses: Carry up-to 19 Passengers,
    Developed from Light-duty trucks or vans
    weighing approx. 4.5 t.
     Minibuses: Carry approx 25 passengers.
    Developed from light-duty trucks or vans
    weighing up-to approx. 4.5 t. Occasionally built
    on Ladder-type chassis. Modified Suspensions
    & Body provides Optimum Comfort.
    BUSES:
     Midibuses: Carry up-to approx. 35 Passengers (Tour
    type) and up-to 65 passengers (City type). Weighing
    up-to 12.5 t. Built on ladder-type Chassis, also
    Integral-frame designs in operations. Modified
    Suspensions & Body provides Optimum Comfort.
     Citybuses: Eqipped with Seating and Standing room.
    Short intervals between stops in suburban transport
    requires rapid passenger turn-over, achieved with
    Wide doors, Low boarding and Floor Heights.
    Specifications: Veh Length 12 mtr
    GVW 18.0t
    Nos of Seats 32 to 44 (Total up-to 105
    Three Axle 15 mtr. Long Increased capacity up-to 135
     Tour Bus: Low, Two-axle stand. Bus Provide
    Comfortable Travel through Double Decker
    THANK YOU!

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