Turbo C

1 Turbo C
Turbo C
Chapter (1)
Getting Start
rdwfquf
1/ Turbo C Program qdo k nfrmS Function rsm;jzifh zGJUpnf;wnfaqmufxm;NyD;?
Program Statement rsm;udk tpDtpOftvdkuf ajz&Sif;ay;aaom Procedure
Programming Language wpfrsKd ;jzpfygonf/ C Program wpfckwGif Function wpfck
k ufyrkd ykd g&SEd ikd yf gonf/ tenf;qH;k main( ) wpfcyk g&S&d ygrnf/ Turbo
(odrYk [kw)f wpfcx
C Program wpfckudk Run vdkufaomtcg main( ) udk pwiftvkyfvkyfNyD;? 4if;rSwpfqifh
a&;xm;aom ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk Munfh&Ippfaq;NyD;? tjcm;aom Function rsm;qDudk
vdktyfovdk ac:,lNyD;? vdktyfaomvkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk aqmif&Gufay;rnfjzpfygonf/
main( ) onf Turbo C Program wpfckwGif tNrJyg&Sd&rnfh Function wpfcjk zpfygonf/
Turbo C odkY pwif0ifa&mufjcif;

2/ uGeyf sLwm Monitor Screen rS MS DOS Prompt (or) C Prompt ( C:\> )
ay:aecsdefwGif Keyboard rS CD TC\BIN ½dkufxnfhNyD;aemuf Enter udk ESyd yf g/ xdt k cg
Monitor Screen wGif C:\TC\BIN> ay:vmrnf/ Monitor Screen \ C:\TC\BIN\>
wGif TC udk½dkufxnfhNyD;? Enter udEk ydS yf gu C Program udk pwifa&;om;Edkif&ef Turbo
C Editor Screen ay:vmrnf/yHk(1)
File Edit Search Run Complile Debug Project Options Window Help
Message
F1 Help F10 Menu
yHk(1)
uGefysLwmvufpJG 2
Create a New Program File
3/ Keyboard rS Alt ESifh F udk wGJESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom File Pulldown Menu rS
New a½G;cs,fí Enter udE
k ydS yf g/ Program a&;om;Edkif&ef Turbo C Editor Windows
ay:vmygrnf/
To Save a Program File

4/ Keyboard rS F2 udk ESy
d yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Alt ESifh F udk wGJESdyfí ay:vmaom
File Pulldown Menu rS Save udk a½G;cs,fí Enter udkESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Save
File As Windows rS Save File As Text Box wGif File name udk ½dkufxnfhNyD;?
Enter udk ESy
d yf g/
To Close a Program File
5/ Keyboard rS Alt ESifh F3 udk wGí
J ESyd yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Alt ESifh W udk wGEJ ydS yf g/
ay:vmaom Window Pulldown Menu rS Close udka½G;cs,fí Enter udEk ydS yf g/
To Open a Program File
6/ Keyboard rS F3 udE k ydS yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Alt ESifh F udk wGJíESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom
File Pulldown Menu rS Open udk a½G;cs,fí Enter udkESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Open
File Windows rS zGifhvdkaom File udk &SmazGa½G;cs,fí Enter udE k ydS yf g/
To Quit Turbo C
7/ Keyboard rS Alt ESifh X udk wGí
J ESyd yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Alt ESifh F udk wGí
J ESyd yf g/
ay:vmaom File Pulldown Menu rS Quit udk a½G;cs,fí Enter udk ESyd yf g/
Turbo C Program Structure
8/ Turbo C Program udk pwifa&;om;&eftwGuf yxrOD;pGm Header File udk
aMujimay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- Standard Input Output twGuf Header File ud k
#include<stdio.h> ponf[ak Mujimay;&ygrnf/ Program twGuf rSwc f surf sm;a&;om;
vdyk gu /* */ twGif;wGif a&;om;toHk;jyK&ygrnf/ Oyrm- /* Teach yourself Turbo
C */ [ka&;om;&ygrnf/ ¤if;pmaMumif;twGuf C Compiler u vkya f qmifrI rjyKvyk b f J
ausmo f mG ;ygrnf/ Program Define Statement ( Symbolic Constant ) toH;k jyKvykd gu
Symbolic Constant udk Define owfrSwfaMujimay;&ygrnf/ Symbolic Constant
Name udk Define owfrSwf&mwGif Symbolic Constant Name udk pmvHk;tBuD;jzifh
3 Turbo C
a&;om;owfrSwfay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- DEFINE PI 3.141593 [k aMujimay;&rnf/

xdaYk emuf main ( ) udk a&;om;aMujimay;&ygrnf/ main ( ) \aemufwGif Semicolon(;)
jzifh ydw&f efrvdyk g/ main( ) \atmufwGif Program pwiftvkyfvkyfaqmif&eftwGuf
Open Curly Bracket ({) jzifha&;om;&ygrnf/ ¤if;aemuf toHk;jyKrnf Statement
rsm;ud k a&;om; ay;&ygrnf / Statement rsm;ud k a&;om;&mwG i f Statement
wpfckNyD;qHk;wdkif; Semicolon (;) jzifh ydwaf y;&ygrnf/ Turbo C Program \ Structure
wnfaqmufyHkrSm Statement rsm;a&;om;Ny;D ygu Program vkyaf qmifcsuNf y;D qH;k aMumif;
Close Curly Bracket (}) jzifh ydwfay;&ygrnf/
Oyrm-
Header file declaration
Programmar define statement
main( )
{
statement1;
statement2;
------------;
}
Compile the Source Program

9/ Turbo C Program wpfcka&;om;í Program wGif Error &Sd^r&Sd ppfaq;&ef
vdtk yfygonf/ Error r&SdrSom ¤if; Program udk Run í&Edik yf grnf/ Error &Syd gu ¤if;
Program udk Run í&rnfr[kwy f g/ Program udk Compile jyKvyk &f eftwGuf Compile
vkyfvdkaom Program udk zGixhf m;yg/ Alt ESifh F9 udk wGí
J ESyd yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Alt ESifh C
udk wGJíESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Compile Pulldown Menu rS Compile udk a½G;cs,fí
Enter udk ESyd yf g/
Run the Program

10/ Run vdkaom Program udzk iG x hf m;yg/ Ctrl ESifh F9 udk wGí
J ESyd yf g/ (odrYk [kw)f
Alt ESifh R udkwGJESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Run Pulldwon Menu rS Run udka½G;cs,fí
Enter udk ESy
d yf g/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 4
Display the User Screen
11/ Turbo C Program udk Run NyD;aemuf Program \tajzudk Munfhvdkygu
Keyboard rS Alt ESifh F5 udk wGí k cg Program \tajzudk azmfjyay;ygrnf/
J ESyd yf g/ xdt
Editor Screen udk jyefomG ;vdyk gu Keyboard rS cvkww k kd ESyd yf g/ Program
f pfcck u
a&;xm;aom Editor Screen odjYk yefa&mufomG ;ygrnf/
Variable Name owfrSwfjcif;
12/ Varible qdo k nfrmS C Program wGif Data Value rsm; odr;f xm;&ef toH;k jyKaom
Storage ae&mwpfcjk zpfygonf/ Variable Name owfrw S af y;&mü pmvH;k rsm;(Letters)?
ESihf *Pef;rsm; (Digits) rsm;udk toH;k jyKEikd o Yk kdUnderscore( _ ) ESiw
f nf/ 4if;wdu hf bJG ufí
owfrw S af y;Edik yf gonf/ odaYk omf Variable Name \ a&SUqH;k wGif *Pef;? tEIwv f u©Pm?
Space? Special Character( " ) rsm; xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKír&yg/ Variable Name
owfrSwf&mwGifvnf; C Keywords ( Reserved Word ) rsm;udkvnf; owfrSwfay;í
r&yg/
C Keywords ( Reserved Word )
13/ Turbo C Program wGif Reserved Word rsm;udk Variable Name tjzpf
toHk;jyK ír&yg/ ¤if;pmvHk;rsm;udk Program wGif a&;om;ygu Reserced Word
rSef;odatmif tjzLa&mifpmvHk;rsm;tjzpf jyoay;ygonf/ atmufaz:jypmvHk;rsm;onf
Turbo C Program wGif Reserved Word tjzpf owf r S w f a om C Keyword
rsm;jzpfygonf-
auto break case cdecl char
conts continue default do double
else enum extern far float
for fortran goto huge if
int interrupt long near pascal
register return short signed sizeof
static struct switch typedef union
unsigned void volatile while
C Data Type Range of Values

14/ Turbo C LanguagewGifData TypetrsKd ;rsKd ;&Syd gonf/ Data TypetoHk;jyKaom
tcg Data Type Format wlnrD o
S m Program onf tajzrSefudk&&Sdygrnf/ Data Type
5 Turbo C
Format wlnr D rI &Syd gu Program \ tajzonf trSe&f &Srd nfr[kwyf g/ Turbo C Basic
Data Type rsm;udk atmufygZ,m;wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf-
Type Name Format Range of Value
char %c single character
signed char %d -128 to 127
unsigned 0 to 255
int %d integerr quaantity
singned int -32,768 to 32,768
unsigned int 0 to 65535
long int %ld -2,147,483,648 to
2,147,483,648
unsigned long int 0 to 4,294,967,295
float %f 3.4E to 3.4E+38
double %lf 1.7E-308 t0 1.7E+308
long double %Lf 3.4E-4932 to 3.4E+3942
C Escape Sequences
15/ Turbo C Program wGif toHk;jyKaom Escape Sequences rsm;rSm atmufyg
twdkif;jzpfygonf-
Escape Sequences Application
\a alert (bell)
\b backspace
\f form feed
\n new line
\r carriage return
\t tab
\' single quotation mark
\" double quotation maark
\? question mark
\0 null (zero) character
\\ backslash
uGefysLwmvufpJG 6
Arithmetic Operators
16/ Turbo C Program wGif toH;k jyKaom Arithmetic Operators rsm;rSm atmufyg
twdkif;jzpfygonf-
Arithmetic Operators Meaning
+ Addition ( taygif; )
- Subtraction ( tEIwf )
* Multiplication ( tajr§muf )
/ Division ( tpm; )
% Modulus ( t<uif; )
++ Incrementing ( wpfckpDwdk; )
-- Decrementing ( wpfckpDavsmh )
Relational and Logical Operators
17/ Turbo C Program wGif toHk;jyKaom Relational and Logical Operators
rsm;rSm atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfygonf-
Relational & Meaning
Logical Operators
< less than
<= less than equal to
> greater than
>= greater than equal to
== equal to
!= not equal to
Constants
18/ C Program wGif ajymif;vJrrI &dS tNru J ed ;f aojzpfaeaomwefz;kd rsm;udk Constants
(udef;ao)[kac:ygonf/ C Program wGif toHk;jyKaom Constants (4)rsKd ; &Syd gonf/
¤if;wdkYrSm Character Constant ? Integer Constant ? Floating Point Constant ESifh
String Constant wdjYk zpfygonf-
(u) Character Constans qdo k nfrmS Variable wpfckwGif Single Code('
') jzifh Assign jyKvkyfxm;aom Character Value udkqdkvdkygonf/
(Oyrm- Ch = 'A')
7 Turbo C
(c) Integer Constant qdo k nfrmS Variable wpfckwGif Assign vkyx

f m;aom
udef;*Pef;wefzdk;rsm; (Long? Short? Signed? Unsigned Fixed Value)
k ykd gonf/ Integer Constant wGif Decimal Constant (Base
udk qdv
10)? Octal Constant (Base 8)? Hexadecimal Constant (Base 16)
[lí (3)rsKd ;xyfrcH jJG cm;xm;ygonf/ Decimal Constant qdo k nfrmS okn
rS 9 *Pef;rsm;udq k vkd ykd gonf/ Decimal Constant udk *Pef;(1)vHk;
(odrYk [kw)f (1)vH;k xufyíkd owfrwS af y;Edik yf gonf/ odaYk omf *Pef;(1)vH;k
xufyykd gu xdyq f ;kH *Pef;onf oknjzpfír&yg/ Decimal Constant
udk owfrSwfay;aomtcgwGif comma( , )? 'ór( . )? uGufvyf
(space)? Upper Bound Limit ausmfí toHk;rjyKEdkifyg/ Octal
Constant qdkonfrSm okn rS 7 *Pef;rsm;udkqdkvdkygonf/ Octal
Constant Value owf r S w f a omtcg Octal Constant
jzpfaMumif;odatmif xdyfqHk;*Pef; udk okn owfrSwfay;&ygonf/
(Oyrm- 0556 )/ Hexadecimal Constant qdkonfrSm okn rS 9
*Pef;rsm;ESifhtwl A rS F pmvH;k rsm;udk qdv k ykd gonf/ Hexadecimal
Constant Value owfrSwfay;aomtcg Hexadecimal Constant
jzpfaMumif;od&Sdatmif xdyfqHk;tu©&mESpfvHk;udk 0x (odkYr[kwf) 0X jzifh
owfrSwfay;&ygonf/ (Oyrm- 0x34ca)
(* ) Floating Point Constant qd k o nf r S m Base 10 ud k t ajccH a om
'órudef; (Real number) rsm;udk qdv k ykd gonf/ (Oyrm- 12.5 )
(C) String Constants qdo k nfrmS Variable Contant owfrw S af y;aomtcg
Double Quotation Mark (" ") xJwGif a&;xm;aom tu©&mrsm;udk
k ykd gonf/ (Oyrm- "TurboC Programming")
qdv
Symbolic Constants
19/ Symbolic Constants qdo k nfrmS Character tpkwpfck (odkYr[kwf) Number
Value wpfck (odkYr[kwf) Statement wpfckudk trnfwpfcktjzpf tpm;ay;xm;aom
Name wpfcu k ykd gonf/ Symbolic Constants rsm;udk aMujimay;vdyk gu Program
k kd qdv
\ tpwGif Define jyKvkyfay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- #define PRINTX printf("%d\n",x) ?
#define PI 3.141593 ponfjzifh aMujimay;&ygrnf/ Define Statement \aemufwi G f
Semicolon (;) xnfha&;&ef rvdkyg/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 8
Chapter (2)
Data Input and Output
Data Input and Output

20/ C program wGif Data rsm; toGif;txkwfjyKvkyf&ef t"duusaom Function
(6) ck&ydS gonf/ ¤if;wdrYk mS scanf( ) ? printf( ) ? getchar( ) ? putchar( ) ? gets( ) ? puts( )
wdjYk zpfMuygonf/ scanf( ) ESifh printf( ) udk Character? Numeric Value odkYr[kwf
String rsm; tm;vH;k udk Input / Output jyKvkyfay;Edkifygonf/ getchar( ) ESifh putchar(
) udk Character wpfckcsif;udk Input / Output jyKvy k v
f akd omtcgwGit f oH;k jyKygonf/
gets( ) ES i f h puts( ) ud k String rsm;ud k o m Input / Output jyKvk y f & ef t wG u f
toHk;jyKygonf/
Using Printf Function

21/ Turbo C Program wGif Output data rsm;udk Standard Output Device rSm
jyovdyk gu printf function udktoHk;jyK&ygonf/ a&;om;enf; (Syntax) rSm printf
("output format", <list of variable>); jzpfygonf/ Output Format qdkonfrSm
Formatting az:jyvdkaom String trsdK;tpm; jzpfNyD; List of Variable qdkonfrSm
Output jyKvk y f v d k a om Data Variable Name jzpf y gonf / Output Format
a&;om;&mwG i f toH k ; jyKxm;aom Variable ES i f h Data Type Format wd k Y o nf
udu
k nf rD jI zpf&ygrnf/ ¤if;tjyif Data type Format \ a&SUwGif Percent Sign (%)
udkxnfhoGif;a&;ay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- Character Data type udk toH;k jyKygu Output
Format wGif %c [l í vnf ; aumif ; ? Integer Data Type udk toHk;jyKygu %d
[lívnf;aumif;? Float Point Data Type udk toH;k jyKygu %f [lívnf;aumif;?
String Data Type ud k toH k ; jyKygu %s [l í a&;om;&ygrnf / Oyrm-
printf("Character %c ",ch);/ toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.1
/* Using printf function */
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
9 Turbo C
char smplch;
int smplnum;
smplch = 'A'; smplnum = 9;
printf(“The samples are %c and
%d.\n”,smplch,smplnum);
}
22/ Example 2.1 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

h ifu
h kd atmufygtwdik ;f avhvmEdik f
ygonf-
(u) /* */ twGif; a&;om;xm;aompmaMumif;onf Program twGuf
rSwfcsufa&;om;jcif;jzpfygonf/ ¤if;pmaMumif;twGuf Program rS
rnfonfh vkyfaqmifcsufrS vkyfaqmifrIrjyKvkyfbJ ausmfoGm;ygrnf/
( c) Standard Input Output tuGuf Header File udkaMujimay;jcif; jzpfyg
onf/
( *) Main Function udk aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(C) Program udk pwifajz&Sif;&eftwGuf Open Curly Bracket ({) udk
toHk;jyKNyD; aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
( i) Smplch Variable Name udk Data Type Char tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
( p) Smplnum Variable Name ud k Data Type Integet tjzpf
aMujimay;jcif; jzpfygonf/
(q) Smplch Variable Name xJodkY Character Contants 'A' udk Assign
jyKvkyfay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
( Z) Smplnum xJodkY Integer Contants 9 udk Assign jyKvkyfay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
( ps) Printf Output Function toHk;jyKNyD; Computer Screen wGif The
Sample are A and 9. ay:atmifjyKvkyfay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(n) vkyaf qmifcsurf sm; Ny;D qH;k aMumif; Close Curly Bracket (}) udk aMujim
ay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
23/ Example 2.1 Program udk Run vdu
k rf nfqykd gu Screen wGif The Sample
are A and 9. [kay:vmygrnf/
10 Turbo C
Using Scanf Function

24/ Keyboard rS uGeyf sLwmxJoYkd Data rsm;xnfo h iG ;f vdyk gu Scanf Function udk
toHk;jyK&ygonf/ a&;om;enf; (Syntax) rSm scanf("Input format", <list of
variable>); jzpfygonf/ Input Format qdkonfrSm Format twGuf Conversion
Character xnfhay;&efjzpfNyD; List of Variable qdo
k nfrmS Input jyKvkyfvdkaom Data
Variable Item Nname \ Address jzpfygonf/ Output Format twGuf Conversion
Character \a&SUwGif Percent Sing (%) xnfhía&;NyD;? Variable Item Name
\a&SUwGif Ampersand (&) udk xnfhía&;ay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- scanf("%d",&num);/
toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.2
/*scanf( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
int num;
printf(“\nEnter Number “);
scanf(“%d”,&num);
printf(“You Type number %d”,num);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
rSwfcsufa&;om;jcif;jzpfygonf/ ¤if;pmaMumif; twGuf Program rS
rnfonfh vkyfaqmifcsufrS vkyfaqmifrIrjyKvkyfbJ ausmfoGm;ygrnf/
(c ) Standard Input Output tuGuf Header File udkaMujimay;jcif; jzpfyg
onf/
(* ) Main function udk aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
11 Turbo C
(i ) Num Variable Name udk Data Type integer tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
(p ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter Number qdkonfh today;
pmaMumif;ay:atmif a&;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(q) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh Number
udk vufc&H eftwGujf zpfygonf/ %d onf Integer Data Type Format
jzpfNyD;? &num onf Number Variable Name \ Address jzpfygonf/
(Z ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Program Run í &&Sdvmrnfhtajzudk
jyojcif;jzpfygonf/ %d onf Integer Data Type Format jzpfNyD;?
Number \ wefb;kd jzpfygonf/
26/ Example 2.2 Program udk Run rnfqy kd gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter
Number [k Data udk Keyboard ½du k x f nfah y;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
xdtk cg Keyboard rS Number wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESyd yf g/ Oyrm 5
*Pef;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESyd yf gu Program Run oGm;NyD; Editor Screen
odYk jyefa&mufomG ;rnf/ Alt + F5 udEk ydS yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif You Type Number
5 [k jyoay;ygrnf/ Editor Scrren odYk jyefo f mG ;vdyk gu Keyboard rS Any key wpfckckudk
ESdyfyg/
Using Getchar Function

27/ Character wpfckcsif; zwfvdkaomtcgwGif Getchar Function udk atmufyg
twdkif; toHk;jyKEdkifygonf-
Example 2.3
/*getchar( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
char ch;
printf(“\nEnter Character “);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 12
ch=getchar( );
printf(“\nYou Type Character %c “,ch);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
rSwfcsufa&;om;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) Header File udkaMujimay;jcif; jzpfygonf/
toHk; jyKNyD; aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(i ) Ch Variable Name udk Data type character tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
(q) Getchar Function ud k toH k ; jyKNyD ; Keyboard rS ½ k d u f x nf h a om
Character udk Ch xJodkY Assing jyKvkyfay;ygonf/
(Z ) Getchar jzifh vufcHxm;aom Character wefbdk;udk jyefvnfjyo&ef
twGuf Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
Number [k Data udk Keyboard ½du k x f nfah y;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
xdt k cg Keyboard rS Character wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESyd yf g/ Oyrm
A pmvHk;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESy d yf gu Program Run oGm;NyD; Editor Screen
odjYk yefa&mufomG ;rnf/ Alt + F5 udEk ydS yf gw uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif You Type Character
A [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Getche Function

30/ Character wpfckcsif; zwfvdkaomtcgwGif Getche Function udk toHk;jyKEdkifyg
onf / Getche Function ud k toH k ; jyKaomtcg Data ud k Keyboard rS
13 Turbo C
½du
k x
f nfv kd af om tcgwGif Data udk ½du
h u k x
f nfv
h u f nfEiS hf Enter Key udk ESdyf&efrvdkbJ
kd o
uG e f y sLwmrS m quf v uf í tvk y f v k y f a qmif o G m ;ygonf / Getche Function
toH k ; jyKvd k y gu Header File wG i f #include<conio.h> [k aMujimjcif ; ud k
atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyKEdkifygonf-
Example 2.4
/*Example 2.4 getche( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main( )
{
char ch;
ch=getche( );
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(c ) #include<stdio.h> ESihf #include<conio.h> onf Header file udk
(* ) Main()onf Main Function udk aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(C) Open Curly Bracket ({) onf Program udk pwifajz&Sif;&eftwGuf
toHk;jyKaMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(i ) Char ch; onf ch Variable Name udk Data Type Character tjzpf
(q) Getche Function ud k toH k ; jyKNyD ; Keyboard rS ½ k d u f x nf h a om
Character udk Ch xJodkY Assing jyKvkyfay;ygonf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 14
(Z ) Getche jzifh vufcHxm;aom Character wefbdk;udk jyefvnfjyo&ef
twGuf Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
32/ Example 2.4 Program udk Run rnfqykd gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter
Number [k Data udk Keyboard ½du k x
f nfah y;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
k cg Keyboard rS Character wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhay;vdkufygu Program Run
xdt
oGm;NyD; Editor Screen odkYjyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Oyrm A pmvH;k udk ½du
k x
f nfv
h u
kd yf gu
Program Run oGm;NyD; Editor Screen odkYjyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Alt + F5 udkESdyfygw
uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif You Type Character A [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Getch Function

33/ Character wpfckcsif; zwfvdkaomtcgwGif¤if; Program Run NyD; &&Sdvmaom
tajzudk uGefysLwm Screen wGif jyoay;&mwGif¤if; getch function udk toHk;jyKEdkifyg
onf/ Getch Function udk toH;k jyKaomtcg Data udk Keyboard rS ½du k x
f nfv
h u
kd af om
tcgwGif Input Data udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif jyojcif;r&SdbJ Output Data udo k m
jyoay;ygonf/ Data ½du f nfNh y;D Enter key udk ESyd &f efrvdyk J uGeyf sLwmrSm qufvufí
k x
tvkyv f yk af qmifomG ;ygonf/ Getche Function toH;k jyKvykd gu Header File wGif
#include<conio.h> [k aMujimjcif;udk atmufygtwdkif;toHk;jyKEdkifygonf-
Example 2.5
/* Example 2.5 getch( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main( )
{
char ch;
ch=getch( );
printf(“\nYou Type Character %c",ch);
getch( );
}
15 Turbo C

h ifu
ygonf-
(c ) Header file udkaMujimay;jcif; jzpfygonf/
(i ) Ch Variable Name udk Data Type Char tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
(q) Getch Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Keyboard rS½u f nfah om Character
dk x
udk Ch xJodkY Assing jyKvkyfay;ygonf/
(Z ) Getch jzif h vuf c H x m;aom Character wef b d k ; ud k
jyefvnfjyo&eftwGuf Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
(ps) Program Run í &&Sdvmaom tajzudk uGefysLwm Screen wGif jyo
ay;&mtwGuf Getch Function udk toH;k jyKygonf/
35/ Example Program udk Run rnfqdkygu uGefysLwm Screen wGif Enter
Number [k Data udk Keyboard ½duk xf nfah y;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
k cg Keyboard rS Character wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhay;vdkufygu Program Run
xdt
oGm;NyD;? &&Sdvmaom tajzudk uGefysLwm Screen wGif You Type Character A [k
jyoay;ygrnf/Oyrm- A pmvH;k udk ½du k x
f nfv kd yf gu Program Run oGm;NyD; You
h u
Type Character A [k jyoay;ygrnf/ Editor Screen odjYk yefvy kd gu Keyboard rS
cvkwfwpfckckudkESdyfyg/
Using Getc Function
36/ Character wpfcck si;f zwfvakd omtcgwGif Getc Function udk toH;k jyKEikd yf gonf/
Getc Function udk toHk;jyKaomtcg Data udk Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom
tcgwGif Data ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter key udk ESyd rf o
S m uGeyf sLwmrSm qufvufí tvkyf
vkyaf qmif oGm;ygonf/ Getc Function toH;k jyKvykd gu Function Argument wGif
uGefysLwmvufpJG 16
stdin udk xnfí
h aMujimay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- getc(stdin) toH;k jyKyu
kH kd atmufygtwdik ;f
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.6
/* Example 2.6 getch( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
char ch;
ch=getc(stdin);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(* ) Main Function udk aMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(i ) Ch Variable Name udk Data Type Character tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
(q) Getc Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhaom Character
udk ch xJodkY Assing jyKvkyfay;ygonf/
(Z ) Getc jzifh vufcx H m;aom Character udk jyefvnfjyo&eftwGuf Printf
Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
38/ Example Program udk Run rnfqy

kd guuGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter Number
17 Turbo C
[k Data udk Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/ xdktcg

Keyboard rS Character wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESy
d yf g/ Oyrm A pmvH;k udk
½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESdyfygu Program Run oGm;NyD; Editor Screen odkY
jyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Alt + F5 udEk ydS yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif You Type Character
A [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Putchar Function

39/ Character wpfvHk;csif;udk uGefysLwm Screen wGif jyovdkaomtcg Putchar
Function udk atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyKEdkifygonf-
Example 2.7
/* Example 2.7 putchar( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
char ch;
scanf(“%c”,&ch);
putchar(ch);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(i ) Ch Variable Name udk Data Type Character tjzpf aMujimay;jcif;
jzpfygonf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 18
(q) Scanf Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhaom Character
udk vufcjH cif;jzpfygonf/
(Z ) Scanf Function jzifh vufcHxm;aom Character udk jyefvnfjyo&ef
twGuf Putchar Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
k cg Keyboard rS Character wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter key udk ESyd yf g/ Oyrm A
xdt
pmvHk;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD;? Enter Key udk ESyd yf gu Program Run oGm;NyD; Editor Screen
odkY jyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Alt + F5 udkESdyfygw uGefysLwm Screen wGif You Type
Character A [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Gets Function

42/ Keyboard rS uGeyf sLwmxJoYkd String Input Data rsm;xnfo
h iG ;f vdyk gu Gets
Function udk atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyK&ygonf-
Example 2.8
/* Example 2.8 gets( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
char Str[80];
printf(“\nEnter a String “);
gets(Str);
printf(“%s”,Str);
}
43/ Example 2.8 Program vkyaf qmifyt

kH qifq
h ifu
ygonf-
19 Turbo C

(i ) Str Variable Name udk Data Type Character Array pmvHk;a& 80
tjzpf aMujimay;jcif; jzpfygonf/
(q) Gets Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhaom String
wpfckudk Str Array wGif Assing vkyí f vufcjH cif;jzpfygonf/
(Z ) Gets Function jzifh vufcx H m;aom String udk jyefvnfjyo&ef twGuf
Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
k cg Keyboard rS String wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESdyfyg/ Oyrm
xdt
Aung Computer Center udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESy d yf gu Program Run
oGm;NyD; Editor Screen odkY jyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Alt + F5 udEk ydS yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen
wGif Aung Computer Center [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Puts Function

45/ String Output Data rsm;udk Standard Output Device rSm jyovdyk gu Puts
Function udk atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyK&ygrnf-
Example 2.9
/* Example 9 puts( )*/
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
uGefysLwmvufpJG 20
{ char str[80];
gets(str);
puts(str);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(i ) Str Variable Name udk Data Type Character Array pmvHk;a& 80
tjzpf aMujimay;jcif; jzpfygonf/
(p ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter a String qdkonfh today;
(q) Gets Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhaom String
wpfckudk Str Array xJodkY Assign vkyí f vufcjH cif;jzpfygonf/
(Z ) Gets Function jzifh vufcHxm;aom Str xJrS String Character rsm;udk
uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif jyo&ef twGuf Puts Function udk toH;k jyKxm;
ygonf/
a String [k Data udk Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
k cg Keyboard rS String wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESdyfyg/ Oyrm
xdt
Turbo C Programming udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESy d yf gu Program Run
oGm;NyD; Editor Screen odkY jyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Alt + F5 udEk ydS yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen
wGif Turbo C Programming [k jyoay;ygrnf/ toH;k jyKyu kH kd atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
21 Turbo C
Example 2.10
/* Exercise 2.10 The sum of the given two number */
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ int A,B,Sum; /*Variable Declaration */
A=5; B=6; /* Assignment Statement */
sum = A + C;
printf(“The sum of the given two number is %d,Sum.”);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(u) A? B ESifh Sum Variable Name udk Data Type integer tjzpf aMujim
ay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) A xJodkY Integer Constants Number 5 udk¤if;? B xJodkY Integer
Constants Number 6 udk Assign jyKvkyfay;onf/
(* ) Sum xJodkY A ESifh B aygif;í&aom tajzudk Arithmetic Operators
Addition (+) toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvy k yf gonf/
(C) A ESifh B aygif;í &aomtajz Sum udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Output
Data tjzpfjyo&ef Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
49/ Example 2.10 Program udk Run ygu Program onf tvdt k avQmuf tvkyf
vkyfaqmifoGm;rnf/ &&Sdvmrnfh tajzudk MunfhvdkvQif Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm
Screen wGif The sum of the given two number is 11. [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Integer
50/ Integer toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.11
/* Example 2.11 The sum of two number */
#include<stdio.h>
uGefysLwmvufpJG 22
main()
{ int A,B,Sum; /*Variable Declaration */
printf(“\nEnter two integer Number > “);
scanf(“%d %d”,&A,&B);
Sum = A + B;
printf(“The sum of two number is %d,Sum.\n”);
}

h ifuh kd atmufygtwdik ;f avhvmEdik f
ygonf-
(u) A? B ESifh Sum Variable Name udk Data Type Integer tjzpfaMujim
ay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter two integer Number qdkonfh
today; pmaMumif;ay:atmif a&;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(*) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh A ESifh B
wefb;kd udk vufc&H eftwGujf zpfygonf/
(C) Sum xJodkY A ESifh B aygif;í&aom tajzudk Arithmetic Operators
Addition (+) toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvy k yf gonf/
(C) A ESifh B aygif;í &aomtajz Sum udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Output
Data tjzpfjyo&ef Printf Function udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
two integer number [k Data udk Keyboard ½du k x f nfah y;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;
ay:vmrnf/ xdt k cg Keyboard rS Integer Number ESpfckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key
udk ESyd yf g/ (Oyrm- 6 ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udkESdyfyg? 5 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key
udEk ydS yf gu odrYk [kwf 6 5 ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf g/ Program Run oGm;ygrnf/
Alt + F5 udk ESy d yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif The sum of two number is 11. [k
jyoay;ygrnf/) «rSwcf su/f Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKaomtcg Output Format
wGif Comma (,) udk toH;k jyKygu Keyboard rS Data ½dkufxnfhaomtcg Comma(,)
cHí ½dkufxnfhay;&rnf/ Oyrm- Output Format wGif scanf ("%d,%d", &A,&B)
23 Turbo C
[k owfrSwfay;ygu Data xnfhaomtcg 6,5 [k ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter udEk ydS &f ygrnf/»
Using Float
53/ Float toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.12
/* Exercise 3 This program convert fahrenheit to centigrade.
*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float fah,cent; /*Variable Declaration */
printf(“\nEnter the Fahrenheit degree > “);
scanf(“%f”,&fah);
cent = 5.0/9 * (fah -32);
printf(“Equivalent Centigrade =%.2f\n”,cent);
}

h ifu
ygonf-
(u) fah ESifh cent Variable Name udk Data Type Float tjzpfaMujim
ay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter the Fahrenheit degree >
qdkonfh today; pmaMumif;ay:atmif a&;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(*) Scanf Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Keyboard rS½u f nfrh nfh fah wefb;kd udk
dk x
vufcH&eftwGufjzpfygonf/
(C) cent xJodkY Fahrenheit rS Centigrade odkY ajymif;aom yHkaoenf;udk
Arithmetic Operators rsm;toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvy k yf gonf/
(C) &&Sdvmaom Centigrade wefb;kd udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Output
Data 'ór ESpfae&mjzifh jyo&ef Printf Function udk toHk;jyKxm;
ygonf/
55/ Example 2.12 Program udk Run rnfqy

kd gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter
uGefysLwmvufpJG 24
the Fahrenheit degree > [k Data udk Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aom
pmaMumif; ay:vmrnf/ xdt k cg Keyboard rS Fahrenheit Degree wpfcf uk kd ½du
k x
f nfNh y;D
Enter Key udk ESy d yf g/ Oyrm- Fahrenheit Degree 100 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key
udEk ydS yf gu Program Run oGm;ygrnf/ Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif
Equivalent Centigrade = 37.78 [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Using Increment and Decrement

56/ Increment ESihf Decrement toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.13
/* Exercise 2.13 Using Increment and Decrement Opera-
tors*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int a,b,sum;
a = b = 4;
sum = a + b; printf(“ a=%d b=%d Sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum = a ++ +b; printf(“ a=%d b=%d um=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum = ++a + b; printf(“ a=%d b=%d um=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum = - -a + b; printf(“ a=%d b=%d Sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum = a - - + b; printf(“ a=%d b=%d um=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
getch();
}
57/ Example 2.13 Program vkyaf qmifytkH qifq
h ifu
ygonf-
(u) a? b ESifh sum Variable Name udk Data Type integer tjzpfaMujim
ay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) aESifhb xJodkY Integer Constants Number 4 udk Assign jyKvy
k af y;onf/
(* ) sum xJodkY aESibhf aygif;ítajz&&S&
d ef Arithmetic Operators Addition
25 Turbo C
(+) toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvkyfNyD; Output Data jyay;jcif;jzpfygonf/

(C) sum xJodkY a ESifh b aygif;ítajz&&Sd&ef Arithmetic Operators
Addition (+) toH;k jyKí Assign jyKvy k Nf y;D a \wefb;kd udw
k pfcw
k ;kd ap&ef
Increment Operator toHk;jyKí Output Data jyay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(i ) a \wefbdk;udkwpfckwdk;ap&ef Increment Operator toHk;jyKí sum
xJodkY a ESifh b aygif;ítajz&&Sd&ef Arithmetic Operators Addition
(p ) a \wefbdk;udkwpfckavsmhap&ef Decrement Operator toHk;jyKí sum
xJodkY a ESifh b aygif;ítajz&&Sd&ef Arithmetic Operators Addition
(q) sum xJodkY a ES i f h b aygif ; ítajz&&S d & ef Arithmetic Operators
Addition (+) toH k ; jyKí Assign jyKvk y f N yD ; ? a \wef b d k ; ud k
wpfckavsmhap&ef Decerment Operator toHk;jyKí Output Data
jyay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(Z ) &&Sv
d mrnft h ajzrsm;udk uGeyf sLwm Screen ay:wGif az:jyay;&eftwGuf
Gets Function udk toH;k jyKygonf/
58/ Example 2.13 Program udk Run ygu Program onf tvdt k avQmuf tvkyf
vkyfaqmifoGm;NyD; uGefysLwm Screen wGif atmufygtwdkif; az:jyay;ygrnf-
a = 4 b = 4 Sum = 8
a = 5 b = 4 Sum = 8 ( a ESifh b udk aygif;NyD;rS a wefbdk;udkwpfckwdk; )
a = 6 b = 4 Sum = 10 (a wefbdk;udk wpfckwdk;NyD;rS a ESifh b udkaygif;)
a = 5 b = 4 Sum = 9 (a wefbdk;udk wpfckavsmhNyD;rS a ESifh budkaygif;)
a = 4 b = 4 Sum = 9 ( a ESifh b udkaygif;NyD;rS awefbdk;udkwpfckavsmh)
Using Arithmetic Operator

59/ ocsmF qdik &f m Operator rsm;toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 2.14
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 26
int dividend, divisor, answer, remainder;
printf(“Enter two number = “);
scanf(“%d %d”,&dividend,&divisor);
answer = dividend / divisor;
remainder = dividend % divisor;
printf(“\n%d / %d = %d Remainder %d\n”,
dividend,divisor,answer,remainder);
}
60/ Example 2.14 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifqh ifEh iS fh &v'frmS atmufygtwdik ;f
jzpfygonf-
(u) Dividend? Divisor? Answer ESifh Remainder Variable Name udk
Data Type Integer tjzpfaMujimay;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter two number qdkonfh today;
(*) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh Dividend
ESifh Divisor Number wefb;kd udk vufc&H eftwGujf zpfygonf/
(C) Answer xJodkY Dividend udk Divisor jzifph m;ítajz&&S&d ef Arithmetic
Operators Addition (/) toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvy k yf gonf/
(i ) Remainder xJodkY Dividend udk Divisor jzifhpm;í &&Sdrnfht<uif;udk
Arithmetic Operators Addition (%) toH k ; jyKí Assign
jyKvkyfygonf/
(p ) uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Output Data tjzpfjyo&ef Printf Function
udk toH;k jyKxm;ygonf/
(q) 4if; Program udk Run vQif uGefysLwm Screen wGif Enter two
number [k Data udk Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aom
pmaMumif; ay:vmrnf/ xdktcg Keyboard rS Dividend ESifh Divisor
number ESpfckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESy d yf g/ Oyrm- 10 ESifh 3
udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run oGm;ygrnf/ Alt
+ F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif 10 / 3 = 3 Remainder 1 [k
jyoay;ygrnf/
27 Turbo C
Chapter (3)
CONTROL STATEMENTS
If Statement
61/ If Statement qdo k nfrmS Program wGif a&;om;xm;aom Condition trSm;
trSefudk pDppfay;aom Conditional Statement wpfcjk zpfygonf/ Condition rSeyf gu
Statement udk ajz&Sif;ay;NyD; Condition rSm;ygu Statement udk rajz&Si;f bJ aemufwpf
aMumif;odYk qif;oGm;ygrnf/ If statement wGif Statement wpfcx k ufyykd gu Curly
Bracket { jzifh pay;&NyD; } jzifh ydwfay;&rnf/ Condition ESpc f jk zpfcyhJ gu if... else
Statement udk toHk;jyKNyD;? Condition ESpc k uf ydyk gu else if Statement udk toHk;jyK
f x
ygonf/ If Statement \ a&;xHk;yHkpHonf atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf-
if statement
if (condition) true statement;
else false statement;
62/ If Statement udk atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyKa&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.1
/* Example Using If Statement */
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
int mark;
printf("Enter subject marks > ");
scanf("%d",&mark);
if (mark>49) printf("Pass");
if (mark < 50 ) printf("Fail");
}
63/ Example 3.1 Program vkyaf qmifyt

kH qifq
h ifu
ygonf-
(u) Mark udk Variable Type Integer tjzpfaMujimay;ygonf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 28
(c ) Printf Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Enter subject mark > qdo
k nfh today;
(* ) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh trSwfudk
(C) If Statement udk toHk;jyKí mark onf 49 ausmf rSefygu Pass [k
Output udk jyay;&efjzpfNyDd;? 50 xuf i,fygu Fail [k jyoay;&efjzpf
ygonf/
64/ Example 3.1 Program udk Ctrl ESihf F9 key udkESdyfí Run rnfqy kd gu uGeyf sLwm
Screen wGif Enter subject mark > [k Data udk Keyboard rS½dkufxnfhay;&ef tod
ay;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/ xdt k cg Keyboard rS bmom&yftrSwfudk ½dkufxnfhNyD;
Enter key udk ESy d yf g/ Oyrm- 56 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run
oGm;ygrnf/ if (mark > 49) udkawGUaomtcg Mark onf 49 xufausmfojzifh
Condition rSey f grnf/ xdaYk Mumifh printf("Pass") statement udk jyKvkyfoGm;NyD;? if (mark
<50) Statement odq Yk if;oGm;ygonf/ Mark onf 50 xufi,faomaMumifh Condition
rSm;aeojzifh ¤if; Statement udk vkyfaqmifrIrjyKvkyfbJ atmufwpfMumif;odkY qif;oGm;
ygrnf/ } udkawGYaomtcg Program rS xGufoGm;ygonf/ Alt + F5 udk ESdyfygu
uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Pass [k jyoay;ygrnf/ tu,fí 40 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter
key udE k ydS yf gu Program Run oGm;ygrnf/ if ( mark > 49) udkawGUaomtcg Mark
onf 49 xuf i,faomaMumifh Condition rSm;aeojzifh ¤if; Statement udk vkyaf qmifrI
rjyKvkyfbJ atmufwpfaMumif;odkY qif;oGm;ygrnf/ if (mark < 50) Condition
udkawGUaomtcg Condition rSefaeojzifh printf("Fail") Statement udk vkyfaqmifí
atmuf wpfaMumif;odkY qif;oGm;rnf/ xdkYaemuf } udkawGUaomtcg Program
rSxuG o f mG ;ygonf/ Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Fail [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Positive ? Negative ESihf Zero Number rsm;ppfaq;jcif;

65/ Positive ? Negative ESihf Zero Number rsm;ppfaq;&ef atmufygtwdkif;
a&;om; Edkifygonf-
Example 3.2
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
29 Turbo C
main()
{ clrscr();
int num;
printf(“Enter number = \n “);
if (num < 0)
printf(“\nNegative number”);
if (num > 0)
printf(“\nPositive number”);
if (num= =0)
printf(“\nZero number”);
}
66/ Example 3.2 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq h ifu

ygonf-
(u) Clrscr Function aMumifh Monitor Screen udk yxrOD;pGm Clear vkyyf g
onf/
( c) Num udk Integer Variable tjzpfaMunmay;ygonf/
( *) Screen wGif Enter Number = pmaMumif;ESifhtwl Data udkvufcH&ef
Cursor udk ay:apygonf/
(C) Keyboard rS *Pef;wpfckckudk½dkufxnfhay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm 5 *Pef;udk
½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk ESyd yf g/ xdt
k cg num onf 5 jzpfomG ;ygonf/
( i) yxrOD;pGm If Statement wGif num onf 0 (zero) xuf i,fovm;
ppfygonf/ num onf 5 jzpfojzifh 0 (zero) xuf ri,faomaMumifh
atmufwpfaMumif;odkY qif;oGm;ygonf/
( p) 'kwd, If Statement wGif num onf 0 (zero) xuf BuD;ovm;
ppf y gonf / num onf 0(zero) xuf B uD ; aomaMumif h
printf("\nPositive number") Statement udk jyKvkyfoGm;NyD; Screen
wGif Positive Number [kjyNyD; atmufpmaMumif;odkYqif;oGm;ygrnf/
(q) wwd, If Statement wGif num onf 0(zero) ESin hf o
D vm;ppfygonf/
num onf 0(zero) ESifhrnDaomaMumifh ¤if; Statement udk rjyKvkyf
awmhbJ Close Bracket odYk qif;oGm;Ny;D Program onf &yfomG ;ygrnf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 30
Examination Result
67/ pmar;yGJ &v'frsm;&SmazG&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.3
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{clrscr();
int sub1,sub2,sub3,sub4;
printf(“\nEnter marks of four subject “);
scanf(“%d%d%d%d”,&sub1,&sub2,&sub3,&sub4);
if ((sub1<50) || (sub2<50) || (sub3<50) || (sub4<50))
printf(“\nFailed”);
else printf(“\Passed”);
}

ygonf-
(u) Screen wGif Enter marks of four subject pmaMumif;ESifhtwl Data
udkvufcH&ef Cursor udk ay:apygonf/
( c) Keyboard rS bmom&yfav;ck\ trSwfrsm;udk½dkufxnfhay;&ygrnf/
Oyrm 56 85 65 70 trSwfrsm;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter key udk ESyd yf g/
xdt k cg sub1 wGif 56? sub2 wGif 85? sub3 wGif 65? sub4 wGif 70
toD;oD;jzpf oGm;ygonf/
( *) yxrOD;pGm If Statement wGif sub1 ? sub2 ? sub3 ? sub4 tm;vHk;wdkYonf
50 xuf i,fovm; ppfygonf/ bmom&yfav;ckv;kH \ trSwr f sm;onf
50 xuf ri,f a omaMumif h printf("\nFailed") Statement ud k
rjyKvkyfbJ else printf("\nPassed") Statement udjk yKvyk o f mG ;ygonf/
xdaYk emuf Close Bracket odYk qif;oGm;Ny;D Program onf &yfomG ;ygrnf/
(C) Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu Screen wGif Passed [k jyay;ygrnf/ tu,fí
bmom&yftrSwaf v;ckukd ½du k x f nf&h mwGi45f 51 55 80 [k ½du k xf nfyh gu
bmom&yf av;ckwiG f wpfbmomonf 50 xuf i,faomaMumifh Failed
[k jyay;ygrnf/
31 Turbo C
Using If ...Else Statement

69/ If ...Else toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.4
/* Example Using If else Statement */
#include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
int sub1,sub2;
printf("Enter two subject marks > ");
scanf("%d %d",&sub1,sub2);
if (sub1>49 && sub2>49) printf("Pass");
else printf("Fail");
}

h ifuh kd atmufygtwdik ;f avhvmEdik f
ygonf-
(u) Sub1 ESifh sub2 udk Variable Type Integer tjzpfaMujimay;ygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Enter two subject > qdo
k nfh today;
(* ) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh sub1 ? sub2
udk vufc&H eftwGujf zpfygonf/
(C) If Statement udk toHk;jyKí sub1 ESifh sub2 ESpfbmomvHk; 49 ausmf
rSeyf gu Output udk Pass [kjyygrnf/ rSm;ygu Fail [k jyygrnf/
two subject mark > [k Data udk Keyboard ½du k x f nfah y;&ef today;aompmaMumif;
ay:vmrnf/ xdt k cg Keyboard rS bmom&yftrSwfESpfckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key
udk ESyd yf g/ Oyrm- 55 66 udk ½du k xf nfíh Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run oGm;ygrnf/
if (sub1>49 || sub2>49) Condition udkawGUaomtcg bmom&yftrSwfESpfckvHk;onf
49 xuf MuD;aeaom Condition rSefaeaomaMumifh printf("Pass") Statement udk
jyKvyk o f mG ;Ny;dD else printf("Fail") Statemtent udk ausmo f mG ;Ny;dD } odq
Yk if;oGm;Ny;D Program
uGefysLwmvufpJG 32
rSxu f mG ;ygrnf/ Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Pass [k jyoay;ygrnf/
G o
tu,fí 55 45 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run oGm;ygrnf/ If
(sub1>49 || sub2>49) Condition udkawGUaomtcg sub1 onf 49 xufBuD;NyD; sub2
onf 49 xufi,fygonf/ xdkYaMumihf Condition rSm;ojzihf printf("Pass") Statement
udk rjyKvkyfbJ else printf("Fail") Statemtent odkYqif;oGm;ygrnf/ xdkYaemuf atmuf
wpfaMumif;odkY qif;oGm;NyD; } awGUaomtcg Program rSxu f mG ;ygrnf/ Alt + F5 udk
G o
ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Fail [k jyoay;ygrnf/
72/ If ..Else toH;k jyKyu

kH kd atmufygtwdik ;f xyfrí
H Oyrmtjzpfa&;om;xm;ygonf-
Example 3.5
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ int num;
printf(“\nEnter number “);
if (num > 0)
else if(num < 0)
else if (num==0)
}

ygonf-
(u) num udk Variable Type Integer tjzpfaMujimay;ygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Enter number > qdkonfh today;
(* ) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh num udk
(C) If Statement udk toHk;jyKí num onf 0 xufBuD;ygu Positive
uGefysLwmvufpJG 33
[kvnf;aumif;? 0 xufi,fygu Negative [kvnf;aumif;? 0 ESin
hf yD gu
Zero [k Output Screen wGif jyay;&efjzpfygonf/
74/ Example 3.5 Program udk Run rnfqykd gu atmufygtwdik ;f tvkyv f yk af qmif
oGm;ygrnf-
(u) uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter number> [k Data udk Keyboard
½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aompmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/
( c) xdt k cg Keyboard rS Number wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter Key udk
ESyd yf g/ Oyrm- 5 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run
oGm;ygrnf/
( *) if (num>0) Condition udkawGUaom tcg num onf 0 xufBuD;aom
aMumifh Condition rSefygonf/ xdkYaMumifh printf("Positive")
Statement udk jyKvkyfoGm;NyDd; else if(num<0) Statement ESifh else
if(num= =0) Statement udk ausmfoGm;í Program rSxu G o
f mG ;ygrnf/
Alt + F5 udk ESy d yf gu uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Positive Number [k
jyoay;ygrnf/ tu,fí -2 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter Key udEk ydS yf gu
Program Run ygrnf/ if (num>0) Condition udkawGUaomtcg num
onf 0 xuf i,faomaMumifh Condition rSm;aeygonf/ xdkYaMumifh
printf ("Positive") Statement udk ausmfoGm;í else if(num<0)
Statement udkqif;NyD; num onf 0 xufi,fovm; ppfaq;ygonf/
num onf 0 xuf i ,f a omaMumif h Condition rS e f o jzif h
printf("Negative") Statemtent udk jyKvy f mG ;ygrnf/ else if(num=
k o
=0) udk ausmfoGm;NyD; Program rSxu f mG ;ygrnf/ Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu
G o
uGefysLwm Screen wGif Negative Number [k jyoay;ygrnf/
tu,fí 0 udk ½dkufxnfhí Enter key udEk ydS yf gu Program Run ygrnf/
if (num>0) Condition udak wGUaom tcg num onf 0 xufrBu;D ojzifh
Condition rSm;ygonf/ xda Yk Mumifh printf("Positive") Statement udk
ausmfoGm;í else if(num<0) Statement udkqif;NyD;? num onf 0
xufi,fovm; ppfaq;ygonf/ num onf 0 xufri,faomaMumifh
Condition rSm;ojzifh printf ("Negative") Statemtent udk ausmo f mG ;í
uGefysLwmvufpJG 34
else if(num= =0) odkY qif;NyD; num onf 0 ESin hf rD nDppfygonf/ num
onf 0 ESifhnDojzifh Condition rSefaomaMumifh printf("Zero")
f Program rSxu
udjk yKvyk í G of mG ;ygrnf/ Alt + F5 udk ESyd yf gu uGeyf sLwm
Screen wGif Zero number [k jyoay;ygrnf/
Goto Statement
75/ Program wpfck\ yHkrSefvrf;aMumif;rS tjcm;wpfaeodkY oGm;vdkygu Goto
Statement udt
k oH;k jyK&ygonf/ Goto Statement udk toHk;jyKaomtcg oGm;vdkaom
ae&mudk Variable Name az:jyay;&ygrnf/ Varible Name udk Colon(:) ESifhwGJNyD;
a&;ay;&ygonf/
76/ Example 3.6 Program onf rdrd½dkufxnfhaom tp*Pef;ESifh aemufqHk;*Pef;

twGi;f &Sd r*Pef;rsm;tm;vH;k \aygif;v'f&mS &ef Goto Statement oH;k Ny;D ? atmufygtwdik ;f
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.6
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ long int first,last, odds,sum=0;
printf(“\nEnter first and last number >”);
scanf(“%ld %ld”,&first,&last);
if (first % 2 !=0) odds= first;
if (first % 2 ==0) odds=first+1;
again:
if (odds <=last)
{ sum =sum + odds;
odds = odds +2;
goto again;
}
printf(“Sum of odd number %ld though %ld = %ld\n”,first,
last,sum);
}
77/ Example 3.6 Program vkya f qmifyt
kH qifq
h ifu
35 Turbo C
ygonf-
(u) First? Last? Odds ? Sum wdkYudk Variable Type Long Integer tjzpf
aMujimay;ygonf/
(c ) Printf Function udk toH;k jyKNy;D Enter first and lasr number> qdkonfh
today;pmaMumif;ay:atmif a&;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
(* ) Scanf Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Keyboard rS½kdufxnfhrnfh First ESifh
Last udk vufc& H eftwGujf zpfygonf/
(C) If statement udk toHk;jyKí First udk 2 jzifhpm;ít<uif;onf 0 ESifh
rnDvQif Odds xJukd First udx k nfyh g/ First udk 2 jzifph m;í t<uif;onf
0 ESin
hf yD gu Odds xJodkY First udk 1 aygif;íxnfyh g/
78/ Example 3.6 Program udk Run rnfqykd gu atmufygtwdik ;f tvkyv f yk af qmif
oGm;ygrnf-
(u) uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter first and last number > [k Data udk
Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aompmaMumif; ay:vmrnf/
xdtk cg Keyboard rS *Pef;ESpfckudk Spacebar cHí ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter
Key udk ESy
d yf g/ (Oyrm- 1 10 udk ½dkufxnfh í Enter key udEk ydS yf gu
program Run oG m ;ygrnf / xd k t cg First = 1 ES i f h Last = 10
jzpfoGm;ygonf/)
(c) If (first % 2 !=0) Condition udkawGUaomtcg 1 udk 2 jzifhpm;í
t<uif;onf 0 ESifhrnDaomaMumifh Odds xJodkY First Number 1
udkxnfhay;ygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Odds= 1 jzpfomG ;ygonf/
(*) atmufwpfaMumif; if(fisrt %2 = = 0) udkawGUaomtcg 1 udk 2 jzifh
pm;í t<uif;onf 0 ESifh rnDojzihf ¤if; Statement udk rjyKvkyfbJ
if(odds<=last) Statement udk qif;oGm;ygonf/
(C) Odds onf Last xuf i,fonf(odkYr[kwf) nDaevQif ¤if; atmufrS
Statement rsm;udk vkyfaqmif&efjzpfygonf/
( i) Odds onf 1 jzpfaomaMumifh Last xufi,faomaMumifh sum xJudk
Odds 1 udk aygif;xnfy h gonf/ sum = 1 jzpfomG ;ygonf/
( p) Odds xJudk 2 aygif;xnfyh gonf/ Odds = 3 jzpfomG ;ygonf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 36
(q) Goto Again udk awGUaomtcg Again udkjyefoGm;NyD; Odds ESifh Last
udk EIid ;f ,SOyf gonf/ Odds onf Last xuf i,fae (odrYk [kw)f nDaeoí
if (odds<=last) atmufu Statement rsm;udk xyfcg wvJvJ jyKvy k o
f mG ;
ygrnf/
(Z ) xdktcsdefwGif Odds onf 11 jzpfomG ;ygonf/ xdt
k cg Odds onf Last
xuf BuD;aomaMumifh atmufu Statement rsm;udk rjyKvkyfbJ
ausmfoGm;ygrnf/ xdkYaemuf Sum of Odds Numbers 1 through 10
= 25 qdkaom tajzudk ½dkufjyNyD; Program onf &yfomG ;ygrnf/
Switch Statement
79/ Program wpfckwGif Statement rsm;yg0ifaom Variable Group tkypf rk S oGm;vdk
aom Statement qDodkY oGm;&ef Switch Statement udt
k oH;k jyK&ygonf/
80/ Sentence wpfaMumif;wGif yg0ifaom Vowel ta&twGuf&Smaom Program

udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.7
/*Vowel count*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
void main()
{ char st[81];
int i,count;
puts(“Enter a Sentence”);
gets(st);
for (i=count=0;st[i];i++)
switch (toupper(st[i]))
{
case ‘A’:
case ‘E’:
case ‘I’:
case ‘O’:
case ‘U’:
37 Turbo C
count++;
}
printf(“\nYour Sentence is %d vowel.”,count);
}
81/ Example 3.7 program udk Run rnfqykd gu atmufygtwdik ;f tvkyv f yk af qmif
oGm;ygrnf-
(u) uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif Enter a Sentence [k Data udk Keyboard
½dkufxnfh&ef today;aompmaMumif; ay:vmrnf/ xdktcg Keyboard
rS Sentence wpfaMumif;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; Enter key udk ESyd yf g/ Oyrm-
Win Computer Center udk ½duk x h Enter key udEk ydS yf gu Program
f nfí
Run oGm;ygrnf/
(c) Keyboard rS Alt ESifh F5 udk wGíJ ESyd yf gu Computer Screen wGif
Your Sentence is 6 vowel. [kjyay;ygrnf/
For Statement
82/ Turbo C program wpfckwGif xyfcgxyfcg Looping jyKvkyf&eftwGuf For
Statement ud k toH k ; jyKEd k i f y gonf / For Statement \ a&;om;enf ; onf For
(exp1;exp2;exp3) statement(s); jzpfygonf/
83/ For Looping udk toHk;jyKNyD; 1 rS 5 txd tvDZ,m; a&;om;jcif;udk atmufyg

twdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
Example 3.8
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j;
for (i=1;i<13;i++)
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 38
for (j=1;j<6;j++)
printf(“%2dx%2d=%3d “,j,i,i*j);
printf(“\n”);
}
}
84/ Example 3.8 program udk Run vdkufygu atmufygtwdkif; 1 rS 5 txd

tvD Z,m;ud&k &Syd grnf-
1x 1= 1 2x 1=2 3x 1=3 4x 1=4 5x 1= 5
1x 2= 2 2x 2=4 3x 2=6 4x 2=8 5 x 2 =10
1x 3= 3 2x 3=6 3x 3=9 4 x 3 =12 5 x 3 =15
1x 4= 4 2x 4=8 3 x 4 =12 4 x 4 =16 5 x 4 =20
1x 5= 5 2 x 5 =10 3 x 5 =15 4 x 5 =20 5 x 5 =25
1x 6= 6 2 x 6 =12 3 x 6 =18 4 x 6 =24 5 x 6 =30
1x 7= 7 2 x 7 =14 3 x 7 =21 4 x 7 =28 5 x 7 =35
1x 8= 8 2 x 8 =16 3 x 8 =24 4 x 8 =32 5 x 8 =40
1x 9= 9 2 x 9 =17 3 x 9 =27 4 x 9 =36 5 x 9 =45
1 x 10 =10 2 x 10 =20 3 x 10 =30 4 x 10 =40 5 x 10 =50
1 x 11 =11 2 x 11 =22 3 x 11 =33 4 x 11 =44 5 x 11 =55
1 x 12 =12 2 x 12 =24 3 x 12 =36 4 x 12 =48 5 x 12 =60

h ifu
ygonf-
(u) i? j udk Integr Data Type tjzpfaMujimay;ygonf/
( c) Screen udk Clear vkyyf gonf/
( *) For Looping udk toHk;jyKí i wefbdk;udk 1 rS 12 txd Looping udk
ywfcdkif;ygonf/
(C) twGif; For Looping udk toH;k jyKí j wefb;kd 1 rS 6 xufi,fonft h xd
Looping udk ywfci kd ;f ygonf/
( i) twGif; Lopping wGif yxrOD;pGm j \ wefbdk; 1? tajrmufvu©Pm x?
i wefbdk; 1? nDrQjcif;vu©Pm =? j wefbdk; 1 ESifh i wefbdk; 1 wdkY\
39 Turbo C
ajrmufv'f 1 udk ½dkufay;ygonf/ xdkYaemuf j \ wefbdk;udk 1 wdk;NyD; 6

xufi,fonfhtxd vkyfaqmifoGm;ygonf/
( p) printf("\n") aMumifh atmufwpfaMumif;odkYqif;oGm;ygonf/
(q) xdkaemuf i \ wefbdk;udk wpfwdk;í j \ wefbdk; 1? tajrmufvu©Pm
x? i wefbdk; 2? nDrQjcif;vu©Pm =? j wefbdk; 1 ESifh i wefbdk; 2 wdkY\
ajrmufv'f 1 udk ½dkufay;ygonf/
( Z) printf("\n") aMumifh atmufwpfaMumif;odkYqif;oGm;ygonf/
( ps) þodkYjzifh i \ wefbdk;udk 13 xuf i,fonftxd tvDZ,m;udk
½du
k af y;ygrnf/
(n) i \ wefbdk; 13 jzpfaomtcg tjyif for looping \ statement onf
rSm;oGm;aomaMumifh For Looping rS xGufoGm;NyDd; Program \ } odkY
qif;oGm;ygonf/
(#) } udkawGUaom Program onfNy Y ;D qH;k oGm;ygonf/
While Statement
86/ Program wGif Looping Operation wpfcu k kd xyfcgxyfcg Looping jyKvkyf
vdyk gu While Statement udk toH;k jyK&ygonf/ While Statement a&;om;enf; yHpk o
H nf
atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
while statement \yHkpH
while (condition)
statement;
87/ While Statement a&;om;enf;wGif While aemuf&Sd Condition onf

rSefuefrI&Sdaeoí atmufu Statement udk xyfcgxyfcgjyKvkyfoGm;ygrnf/ Condi-
tion rSm;rSom Looping rS xGuy
f grnf/ Statement onf wpfckxufydkygu { jzifh pNyD;?
} jzifh ydwfay;&ygonf/
Do... While Statement

88/ Program wpfcw k iG f Looping udk vnfywfaomtcg Looping \ aemufq;kH usrS
ywfoifh? rywfoifh ppfaq;vdkygu Do... While Statement udk toH;k jyK&ygonf/ Do...
uGefysLwmvufpJG 40
While Statement \ a&;om;enf; yHkpHonf atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
do
Statement;
while(codition);
89/ Do.. While Statement udk toHk;jyKaomtcg Looping wpfckudk ppcsif;

Looping xJodkY 0ifa&mufí Looping xJrS Statement rsm;udk vkya f qmifomG ;ygonf/
While awGUaomtcgrSom While aemufuGif;xJu Codition rSefrrSefppfaq;í
Condition rSey
f gu Looping udkywfNyD;? Condition rSm;ygu Looping udk ywfciG rhf jyKbJ
tjcm; Statement odq Yk if;oGm;ygrnf/
Function
90/ Function qd k o nf r S m Main Function uJ h o d k Y rd r d b mom&yf w nf E d k i f N yD ;
wnfaqmuf xm;aom Self Contained Program wpfcu k ykd gonf/ C program
k kd qdv
wGif tenf;qHk; Main Function wpfc&k ydS gonf/ Function rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;tm;jzifh
Program wGif xyfcgxyfcg jyKvyk &f rnfh tvkyrf sm; Program wpfae&mwnf;wGif ra&;bJ
Function topfwpfck wnfaqmufNy;D 4if; Function udk oGm;vkya f pygonf/ 4if;tjyif
Data rsm;udk Program wpfae&mrSwpfaeodkY ydkY&eftwGuftoHk;jyKygonf/
Program Structure
91/ Program wpfckwGif yg0ifaom Variable rsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcm;NyD;az:jyaom
enf;(2)enf;&Syd gonf/ 4if;wdrYk mS Data type jzifh cGJjcm;az:jyaomenf;ESifh Storage Class
jzifh cGjJ cm;az:jyaomenf;wdjYk zpfygonf/ Data Type qdo k nfrmS Variable rsm;udk Integer
Number? Floating Point Number? Character rsm;udk cGJjcm;az:jyjcif;jzpfygonf/
Storage Class qdo k nfrmS Variable rsm;udk Program xJwiG b f ,favmufwnfNrNJ y;D MoZm
oufa&mufrI b,favmufx&d o dS nfukd MunfNh y;D cGjJ cm;az:jyjcif;jzpfygonf/ C Language
wGif Storage Class (4)rsdK;&Sdygonf/ 4if;wdkYrSm Automatic Variable? External
Variable? Static Variable ESifh Register Variable wdjYk zpfygonf/ Automatic Variable
qdkonfrSm Function wpfckwnf;ESifhom oufqdkifaom Local Variable wpfckudk
ac:ygonf/ Function xJrS Variable wpfckonf aemuf Function wpfckxJu Variable
ESifh trnfcsif;wlaeaomfvnf; rnfodkYrQ oufqdkifjcif;r&Sdyg/ 4if;\ Scope onf
41 Turbo C
a&muf&Sdaeaom Function ESio hf m oufqikd yf gonf/ External Variable qdkonfrSm

External Variable udk pwif Define vkya f om ae&mrSpí Program tqH;k txd 4if;\
Scope onf oufa&mufr& I ydS gonf/ Static Variable qdo
k nfrmS Function wpfcw
k nf;ESihf
ouf q d k i f a om Variable wpf c k j zpf o nf / Static Variable onf Function
\tjyifbufodkY t0iftxGufjyKvkyfNyD;? Function \ aemufqHk;&Sdaeaom Value udk
qufvufí toHk;jyK aeygonf/
Arrays
92/ Array qdkonfrSm Variable Name wpfckjzpfygonf/ xl;jcm;onfrSm Array
Name \aemufwGif Size Specification xnfhay;&jcif;jzpfygonf/ Array wpfckudk
owfrSwf ay;&eftwGuf Array Name \ aemufwGif Square Brackets[ ] xJwGif
Non Negative Integer (tEI w f v u© P mrygaom*Pef ; wpf v H k ; )
udxk nfíh aMujimay;&ygrnf/ Square Brackets xJr*S Pef;udk Subscript [kac:ygonf/
One Dimensional Aray wpfckudk owfrSwfay;vdkygu Square Bracket xJwGif
Subscript wpfckudkxnfha&;ay;& ygonf/ (Oyrm a[15] ) Two Dimensional Array
wpf c k u d k owf r S w f a y;vd k y gu Subscript ES p f c k u d k Square Bracket
ESpfckxJwGifxnfha&;ay;&ygonf/ (Oyrm a[10][10])
Pointers
93/ Pointer qdkonfrSm Data Item wpfck\ wefbdk;udkomref Variable Name
wpfckESifh az:jyaomenf;rsdK;r[kwfbJ 4if; Data Item &Sdaom Address ae&mudk
oG,f0dkufaz:jyNyD; odjcif;udkqdkvdkygonf/ Oyrm Variable Name A jzifhaz:jyNyD; A=50
[kqv kd Qif uGeyf sLwmrS A xJrS Data Value udk Store jyKvkyf&eftwGuf Memory Cell
udk tvdktavsmufowfrSwf ay;ygonf/ A \ Address udk odatmif A \a&SUwGif &
(Ampersand) qdkaom Address Operator wpfckudk &A [kxnfha&;ay;&ygonf/
&A udk pA qdkaom Variable wpfckjzifh pA=&A [k Assing jyKvkyfygu pA udk
Pointer [kac:ygonf/ pA udk Pointer rSef;od ap&ef Data Type aMujimay;&mwGif
*pA [ka&;ay;&ygonf/
File
94/ File qdo k nfrmS Data (odrYk [kw)f Information rsm;udk trnfay;í odr;f xm;jcif;
jzpfygonf/ C programwpfckudk Runvdu k af omtcgvdt k yfaom Data rsm;udk Keyboard
rS ½dkufxnfhay;&ovdk File tjzpfodrf;qnf;aom Data rsm;udk ,lo;kH ívnf;&ygonf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 42
t"du File xJwGif Data rsm;&S&d efvt kd yfygonf/ Data File udk toH;k jyKjcif;jzifh vG,u
f pl mG
jyKjyifoHk;pGJEdkifaomaMumifh pepfusNyD;aumif;rGefygonf/ Data File toHk;jyKNyD; Program
udk Run vdkufygu tajzudk&&Sdygonf/ &&Sdvmaomtajzudk uGefysLwm Screen wGif
az:jyay;Edkifovdk Output Data File tjzpf odr;f xm;Edik yf gonf/ Standard Input /
Output File rsm;wG i f Data rsm;ud k Read ES i f h Write vk y f a omenf ; rsm;onf
atmufygtwdkif; jzpfygonf-
(u) fputchar( ) and fgetc( ) functions
( c) fgets( ) and fputs( ) functions
( *) fscanf( ) and fprintf( )s
(C) fread( ) and fwrite( ) functions wdjYk zpfMuygonf/
Opening and Closing a File
95/ Data file wpfckudk zGifh&eftwGuf yxrOD;pGm Buffer Area wpfckudk Create
jyKvkyfay;&ygrnf/ Buffer Area qdo k nfrmS uGeyf sLwm Memory ESifh Data File wdkYudk
qufoG,fay;aomMum;cH Temporary Storage wpfckjzpfygonf/ Data File rS
zwfvdkaom Information (odkYr[kwf) Data File wGif a&;vdkaom Information rsm;udk
Buffer Area rS w pf q if h quf o G , f E d k i f y gonf / Buffer Area ud k Create
jyKvkyfaomenf;onf Program wGif FILE *fp; [ka&;&ygonf/ FILE *fp yHkpHwGif
pmvHk;tBuD;jzifha&;xm;aom FILE onf Buffer Area udk jzpfapaom Structure
wpfcjk zpfygonf/ fp onf Buffer Area \ tptqHk;ae&mudk ñTefjyaom Pointer
jzpfonf/ File wpfckudk zGifhvdkvQif fopen( ) function udk toH;k jyKygonf/ fopen( ) \
yHkpHonf fp=fopen ("file_name", "mode") jzpfygonf/ 4if;yHkpHwGif file_name
qdo k nfrmS Data File \trnfuq kd vkd ykd gonf/ file_name udk a&;aomtcg Double
Quote(" ") twGif;wGifa&;&ygonf/ Mode qdo k nfrmS Data File udk rnfonfhyHkpHjzifh
toHk;jyKrnfudk qdkvdkonf/
File Type Specifications
96/ C program wGiftoHk;jyKaom File Type Specification rsm;onf atmufyg
twdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) "r" / Data &SdNyD;om; zdkifwpfckudk zGifhí Data rsm;udkzwf&eftwGuf
jzpfygonf/
( c) "w" / Data rsm;a&;&ef zdkiftopfwpfckudk zGifh&eftwGufjzpfygonf/
43 Turbo C
zdkiftopfonf &SdNyD;om;jzpfaeygu zdkifta[mif;rS Data rsm; ysuo f mG ;

ygrnf/
( *) "a" / Data &SdNyD;om; zdkifwpfckudk zGifhí Information rsm;udk zdkifaemuf
qHk;ae&mrS qufa&;ay;&eftwGufjzpfygonf/ tu,fí rdrd ñTefvdkuf
aomzdkifr&Sdygu uGefysLwmonf zdkiftopfwpfckudk Create jyKvkyfay;
ygrnf/
(C) "r+" / Data &SNd y;D om; zdi
k w k rJ S Data rsm;udk zwf&ef? a&;&eftwGuf
f pfcx
jzpfygonf/
( i) "w+" / Data rsm;udk zwf&ef? a&;&eftwGuf zdkiftopfwpfckudk zGifhjcif;
jzpfygonf/ zdkiftopfonf &SdNyD;om;jzpfaeygu zdkif;ta[mif;xJ&Sd Data
rsm; ysuof mG ;ygrnf/
( p) "a+" / Data &SdNyD;om; zdkifwpfckudkzGifhNyD; Data zwfjcif;ESifh Append
jyKvkyf&eftwGufjzpfygonf/ tu,fí rdrd ñTefvdkufaomzdkifr&Sdygu
uGefysLwmonf zdkiftopfwpfckudk Create jyKvkyfay;ygrnf/
uGefysLwmvufpJG 44
Chapter (4)
C Program avhusifhcef;rsm;
avhusifhcef;(1)
97/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Character wpfckudk Computer Screen wGif
jyay;aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf- «Oyrm- A udk ½dkufxnfh
ygu You type A [k jyay;ygrnf/ tu,fí A udk r½dkufbJ Enter (odkYr[kwf) ?
wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhygu Your pressed ENTER key. (odkYr[kwf) You pressed
QUESTION MARK key [k jyoay;ygrnf»
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ char ch;
printf(“Enter a character : “);
ch = getchar();
if (ch==’\n’)
printf(“Your pressed ENTER key.\n”);
else if (ch==’\?’)
printf(“\You pressed QUESTION MARK key.\n”);
else
printf(“You type %c.”,ch);
}
avhusifhcef;(2)
98/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Character wpfckudk Computer Screen wGif
jyay;aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf- «Oyrm- A udk ½dkufxnfh
ygu You type A [k jyay;ygrnf/ tu,fí A udk r½dkufbJ Enter (odrYk [kw)f Spacebar
wpfckckudk ½dkufxnfhygu Your pressed ENTER key. (odkYr[kwf) You pressed
Spacebar key [k jyoay;ygrnf/»
45 Turbo C
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
printf(“Enter a character : “);
ch = getche();
if (ch==32)
printf(“Your pressed SPACEBAR.\n”);
else if (ch==13)
printf(“\You pressed ENTER key.\n”);
else
printf(“You type %c.\n”,ch);
}
avhusifhcef;(3)
99/ Switch Statement udk toH;k jyKí vkyt
f m;c &SmazGaom Program udk atmufyg
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ int clas;
float hour,wage,pay;
printf(“Enter class and hours worked\n”);
scanf(“%d,%f”,&clas,&hour);
switch (clas)
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 46
case 1: wage=4.0; break;

default: puts(“Error! Plase enter new data.”);
goto EXIT;
}
if (hour >40) pay=40*wage+1.5*wage*(hour-40);
else pay=hour*wage;
printf(“Pay=%6.2f”,pay);
EXIT: printf(“\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(4)
100/ ypönf;wpfck\ Item Name ? Price ESifh Unit udk ½dkufxnfhNyD;? Amount udk&SmazG
aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ clrscr();
char name[80];
int units;
float price;
printf(“Enter item name, price, units, and amount\n”);
scanf(“%s%f%d”,name,&price,&units);
printf(“Name Price Units Amount\n”);
printf(“~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~~\n”);
47 Turbo C
printf(“%s %0.2f %5d 0.2f\n”,name,price,units,price*units);

}
avhusifhcef;(5)
101/ Palindrome [kwf^r[kwf &SmazGaom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
/*String Palindrome*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
char st1[81],st2[81];
puts(“Enter String”);
gets(st1);
strcpy(st2,st1);
if (strcmp(strrev(st1),st2))puts(“Not Palindrome”);
else puts(“Palindrome”);
}
avhusifhcef;(6)
102/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom *Pef; 2 ck twGif;&Sd r*Pef;rsm;\ aygif;v'fudk
&SmazGaom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 48
long int first,last, odds,sum=0;

printf(“\nEnter first and last >”);
scanf(“%ld %ld”,&first,&last);
if (first % 2 !=0) odds= first;
if (first % 2 ==0) odds=first+1;
again:
if (odds <=last)
{
sum =sum + odds;
printf("%d",odds);
odds = odds +2;
goto again;
}
printf(“Sum of odd number %ld though %ld =
%ld\n”,first,last,sum);
}
avhusifhcef;(7)
103/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom String wpfck twGif;&Sd rdrd&Smvdkonfh Character
ae&mudk &SmazGaom Program udk atmufygtwkdif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*Position of Character*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
49 Turbo C
char string[20];
char *ptr,c=’i’;
strcpy(string,”This is a string”);
ptr=strchr(string,c);
if (ptr) printf(“The character %c is at position %d\n”,c,
(ptr-string)+1);
else printf(“The character was not found\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(8)
104/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Main String wpfck twGif;&Sd rdrd&Smvdkonfh
Character ae&mud k Substring wG i f ½d k u f x nf h N yD ; &S m azG a om Program ud k
atmufygtwkdif; a&;om; Edkifygonf-
/*Position of Substring*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
char st1[81],st2[81],*ptr;
gotoxy(30,12);puts(“Enter Main String “);
gotoxy(48,12);gets(st1);
gotoxy(30,13);puts(“Enter Sub String\n “);
gotoxy(48,13);gets(st2);
gotoxy(30,14);ptr=strstr(st1,st2);
gotoxy(30,15);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 50
if (ptr)
printf(“Fond at position %d”,ptr - st1);
else
printf(“Not Found”);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(9)
105/ Keyboard rS ½du f nfah om *Pef;rsm;udk ajymif;a&TUí Sort jyKvyk Nf y;D ? tpDtpOf
k x
wus jyoay;aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*Pointer exchange sort*/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void exchange(int *,int *);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,a[5],j;
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);
}
for (i=0;i<4;i++)
for (j=0;j<4-i;j++)
if (a[j]>a[j+1])
exchange(&a[j],&a[j+1]);
51 Turbo C
printf(“\nSorted order \n”);

for (i=0;i<5;i++)
printf(“%10d”,a[i]);
}
void exchange(int *x,int *y)
{
int t;
t=*x,*x=*y,*y=t;
}
avhusifhcef;(10)
106/ Keyboard rS ½d k u f x nf h a om Sentence wpf a Mumif ; wG i f Vowel
rnfrQyg0ifonfukd &SmazGa&wGuaf om Program udk atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;Edik yf gonf-
/*Vowel count*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
void main()
{
char st[81];
int i,count;
puts(“Enter a Sentence”);
gets(st);
for (i=count=0;st[i];i++)
{
case ‘A’:
case ‘E’:
case ‘I’:
uGefysLwmvufpJG 52
case ‘O’:
case ‘U’:
count++;
}
printf(“\nYour Sentence is %d vowel.”,count);
}
avhusifhcef;(11)
107/ Function rsm;udk ac:,ltoHk;jyKí Manu rS A udk ½du k x f nfyh gu *Pef;ESpv
f ;kH \
aygif;jcif;? S udk ½du
k x f ;kH \EIwjf cif;? M udk ½du
f nfyh gu *Pef;ESpv k xf nfyh gu *Pef;ESpvf ;kH
ajr§mufjcif;? D udk ½dkufxnfhygu yxr*Pef;udk 'kwd, *Pef;jzifh pm;í &aom&v'fudk
jyoay;jcif;? Q udk ½du f nfyh gu Menu rS xGufap&ef Program udk atmufygtwdkif;
k x
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main(void);
char selection(void);
float add(float,float);
float sub(float,float);
float mul(float,float);
float div(float,float);
void menu(void)
{ clrscr();
printf(“\nAddition”);
printf(“\nSubstraction”);
53 Turbo C
printf(“\nMultiplication”);
printf(“\nDivision”);
printf(“\nQuit”);
printf(“\n\nEnter Your Option(A or S or M or D or Q) = “);
}
char selection(void)
{
return(toupper(getch()));
}
float add(float a, float b)

{
return(a+b);
}
float sub(float a, float b)

{
return(a-b);
}
float mul(float a, float b)

{
return(a*b);
}
float div(float a, float b)
{
return(a/b);
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 54
void main(void)
{ clrscr();
float x,y;
char c;
printf(“\nEnter two value > “);
scanf(“%f%f”,&x,&y);
menu();
c=selection();
while (c !=’Q’)
{switch(c)
{ case ‘A’: printf(“\nAddition of two number %0.2f + %0.2f
=%10.2f”,x,y,add(x,y));break;
case ‘S’: printf(“\nSubstraction of two number %0.2f -%0.2f=%
10.2f”,x,y,sub(x,y));break;
case ‘M’: printf(“\nMultiplication of two number %0.2f *
%0.2f=%10.2f”,x,y,mul(x,y));break;
case ‘D’: if (y) printf(“\nDivision of two number %0.2f /
%0.2f=%10.2f”,x,y,div(x,y));
else printf(“Division by zeros”);break;
default:printf(“Wrong Entery”);
}
printf(“\nStrike anykey to contiune”);
getch();
menu();
c=selection();
}
}
55 Turbo C
avhusifhcef;(12)
108/ Character udkae&majymif;a&GUaom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
/*Character change to next character*/

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char st1[81],st2[81];
int i;
puts(“\nEnter String”);
gets(st1);
for (i=0;st1[i];i++)
st2[i]=st1[i]+1;
st2[i]=’\o’;
puts(st2);
}
avhusifhcef;(13)
109/ Fibonaci Number udk ae&majymif;a&TUaom Program udk atmufygtwdkif;
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int i,n,f1,f2,f;
clrscr();
uGefysLwmvufpJG 56
i=f1=f2=1;
printf(“How many Fibonaci numbers ? “);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
do {
if ( i<3)
f=1;
else f=f1+f2;
f2=f1;
f1=f;
printf(“i=%3d Fibo = %5d\n”,i++,f);
}
while (i<=n);
}
avhusifhcef;(14)
110/ Data File wpfck zefw;D aom Program udk atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
main()
{
char ch;
FILE *fp = fopen(“myfile.dat”,”w”);
clrscr();
printf(“Enter a line of text : \n”);
do
{
57 Turbo C
fputc(toupper(ch = getchar()),fp);
}
while (ch != ‘\n’);
fclose(fp);
}
avhusifhcef;(15)
111/ Data File wpfck &SmazGzwf,laom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define NULL 0
main()
{
FILE *fp;
clrscr();
fp = fopen(“myfile”,”r”);
if (fp == NULL)
printf(“Error Cannot open the file.\n”);
printf(“STOP”);
fclose(fp);
}
avhusifhcef;(16)
112/ TURBO C PROGRAMMING pmwef;\ ywfywfvnfwGif * abmifcwf
ay;aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
uGefysLwmvufpJG 58
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define WIDTH 58
#define ROWS 4
line();
sides();
main()
{ clrscr();
line();
sides();
printf(“\t*\t TURBO C PROGRAMMING \t\t * \n”);
sides();
line();
return 0;
}
line()
{
int i;
for (i=1; i<=WIDTH;i++)
{
if ( i==1)
putchar (‘\t*’);
putchar( ‘*’);
}
putchar(‘\n’);
59 Turbo C
return 0;
}
sides()
{
int i;
for ( i=0; i <= ROWS; ++i)
printf(“\t* \t\t\t\t\t\t\t * \n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(17)
113/ Data File wpfckudk zefwD;NyD; 4if; zdkifudk rqHk;rjcif; zwfí Output File wGif
odrf;qnf;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ char ch,*p;
char str[]=”This is File Input/Output Test”;
FILE *fp =fopen (“myfile.dat”,”w”);
clrscr();
p = str;
while (*p)
fputc(*p++,fp);
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen(“myfile.dat”,”r”);
while ((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF)
uGefysLwmvufpJG 60
putchar(toupper(ch));
fclose(fp);
}
avhusifhcef;(18)
114/ Kyeboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom rdkiftuGmta0; wpfckudk zmvHk? oHBudK;? udkuf?
ay? vufrodkYajymif;ay;aom Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
long int mile,furlong,chain,yard,feet,inches;
printf(“Enter a mile = “);
scanf(“%ld”,&mile);
furlong=mile * 8;
chain=furlong * 10;
yard=chain * 22;
feet=yard * 3;
inches=feet * 12;
printf(“%ld mile = %ld furlong\n”,mile,furlong);
printf(“%ld mile = %ld chain\n”,mile,chain);
printf(“%ld mile = %ld yard\n”,mile,yard);
printf(“%ld mile = %ld feet\n”,mile,feet);
printf(“%ld mile = %ld inches\n”,mile,inches);
}
61 Turbo C
avhusifhcef;(19)
115/ Data File wpfckudk zefwD;NyD; 4if;zdkifudk zwfí Output jyKvkyfaom Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int i,j,n;
float sum,mean,temp,range,median,stdev,y[50];
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
fp1=fopen(“test.dat”,”r”);
fp2=fopen(“test.out”,”w”);
fscanf(fp1,”%d”,&n);
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
fscanf(fp1,”%f”,&y[i]);
sum=0;
for (i=1;i<=n;++i)
sum += y[i];
mean = sum/n;
for (i=1; i<=(n-1);++i)
for (j=1;j<=n;++j)
if (y[i] > y[j])
{
temp=y[i];
y[i]=y[j];
uGefysLwmvufpJG 62
y[j]=temp;
}
range= y[n] - y[1];
if ((n%2)!=0)
median = y[n/2+1];
else median=(y[n/2] + y[n/2+1])/2;
sum = 0;
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
sum +=pow((y[i] - mean),2);
stdev = sqrt(sum/(n-1));
printf(“Mean = %0.2f\n”,mean);
printf(“Median = %0.2f\n”,median);
printf(“Range = %0.2f\n”,range);
printf(“Std deviation = %0.2f\n”,stdev);
fprintf(fp2, “DATA :\n”);
fprintf(fp2,” n =%d\n”,n);
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
fprintf(fp2, “%7.1f”,y[i]);
fprintf(fp2,”\n\nRESULT :\n”);
fprintf(fp2,”Mean = %0.2f\n”,mean);
fprintf(fp2,”Median = %0.2f\n”,median);
fprintf(fp2,”Range = %0.2f\n”,range);
fprintf(fp2,”Standard Devition = %0.2f\n”,stdev);
}
avhusifhcef;(20)
116/ Hello, World qdo k nfph maMumif;udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif ay:ap&ef Program
63 Turbo C
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf(“\nHello, World.\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(21)
117/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhay;aom'ór*Pef; wpfckudk jyefvnfí uGefysLwm
Screen wGif ay:ap&ef Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float smplNum;
printf(“What sample number do you want to display? “,smplNum);
scanf(“%f”,&smplNum);
printf(“\nThe number you type is %f.\n”,smplNum);
}
avhusifhcef;(22)
118/ bmom&yf ESpfck\trSwf 49 rSwfxufBuD;vQif Pass [k jyay;Ny;D ? 49 rSwx
f uf
i,fygu Fail [k jyay;ygonf/ tu,fí Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom trSwfESpfck\
trSwfonf 0 xufi,fvQif (odkYr[kwf) 100 xufBuD;vQif Invalid Mark Entry [k
jyoay;ap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int sub1,sub2;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 64
printf(“Enter two subject > “);

scanf(“%d %d”,&sub1,&sub2);
if (sub1<0 || sub1>100 || sub2<0 || sub2>100) printf(“Invalid Mark
Entry”);
else if (sub1>49 && sub2 >49) printf(“Pass”);
else printf(“Fail”);
}
avhusifhcef;(23)
119/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Welcome to Turbo C Programming pmom;udk
uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif ay:ap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*printf()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf(“\nWelcome to Turbo C Programming”);
}
avhusifhcef;(24)
120/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhay;aom Number udk uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif ay:ap
&ef Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*scanf()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int num;
65 Turbo C
printf(“\nEnter Number “);

printf(“You Type number %d”,num);
}
avhusifhcef;(25)
121/ Keyboard rS ½du f nfah om Character wpfckudk Getchar Function toH;k jyKí
k x
atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*getchar()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
ch=getchar();
printf(“\nYou Type %c “,ch);
}
avhusifhcef;(26)
122/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Character wpfckudk Getche Function toHk;jyKí
jyefvnfjyoay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*getche()*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 66

ch=getche();
}
avhusifhcef;(27)
123/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Character wpfckudk Getch Function toHk;jyKí
/*getch()*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
ch=getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(28)
124/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom Character wpfckudk Getc Function toHk;jyKí
/*getc()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
67 Turbo C

ch=getc(stdin);
}
avhusifhcef;(29)
125/ Keyboard rS ½du f nfah om Character wpfckudk Putchar Function toH;k jyKí
k x
jyefvnfjyoay;&ef atmufygtwdkif;a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*putchar()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
putchar(ch);
}
avhusifhcef;(30)
126/ Keyboard rS ½du f nfah om String wpfckudk Gets Function toH;k jyKí jyefvnf
k x
jyoay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*gets()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char str[80];
uGefysLwmvufpJG 68
gets(str);
printf(“%s”,str);
}
avhusifhcef;(31)
127/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhaom String wpfckudk Puts Function toHk;jyKí
uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif ay:ap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/*puts()*/
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char str[80];
gets(str);
puts(str);
}
avhusifhcef;(32)
128/ ta&mifjzifh Main Menu Program wpfcu
k kd uGeyf sLwm Screen wGif ay:ap
&eff atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
textbackground(9);clreol();textcolor(3);
gotoxy(20,1);cprintf(“WIN COMPUTER CENTER”);
gotoxy(1,25);clreol();textattr(4+(7<<4)+128);
gotoxy(28,25);cprintf(“Press any key to continue”);
69 Turbo C
clreol();
textbackground(7);
window(25,4,55,20);clrscr();
textattr(4+(6)<<4);textcolor(11);
gotoxy(12,3);
cprintf(“Main Menu”);
gotoxy(12,4);cprintf(“=========”);
gotoxy(10,6);cprintf(“A”);
gotoxy(10,8);cprintf(“S”);
gotoxy(10,10);cprintf(“M”);
gotoxy(10,12);cprintf(“D”);
gotoxy(10,14);cprintf(“Q”);
textattr(0+(7<<4));
textcolor(10);gotoxy(11,6);cprintf(“ddition”);
textcolor(10); gotoxy(11,8);cprintf(“ubstraction”);
textcolor(10); gotoxy(11,10);cprintf(“ultiplication”);
textcolor(10); gotoxy(11,12);cprintf(“ivision”);
textcolor(10); gotoxy(11,14);cprintf(“uit to Dos”);
window(30,22,50,23);textbackground(14);clrscr();
window(1,1,60,25);gotoxy(10,22);
textcolor(10); highvideo();
cprintf(“WELCOME “);
textcolor(10); lowvideo();
cprintf(“WIN COMPUTER CENTER”);
normvideo();
getch();clreol();
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 70
avhusifhcef;(33)
129/ Data &SdNyD; Data file udk Main Menu Program rS wpfqifh Insert? Display?
Edit? Delete ? Search? Sort wdr k akd &G;cs,Nf y;D ? tvkyf vkyaf qmifapaomProgram
Yk S wpfcu
udk atmufygtwdkif;a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{ char name[15];int mark;};
void insert();
void display();
void edit();
void delet();
void search();
main()
{
int answer;
window(1,1,80,25);
gotoxy(31 ,2);textcolor(15);
cprintf(“STUDENT RECORD MAIN MENU\n”);
window(1,1,80,25);
71 Turbo C
gotoxy(26,5);textcolor(15);
cprintf(“1. DISPLAY STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“2. INSERT STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“3. EDITITING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“4. DELETE STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“5. SEARCHING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,10);textcolor(15);cprintf(“6. QUIT\n”);
gotoxy(20,12);
printf(“Choose any one 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 : “);answer=getche();
switch(answer)
{ case ‘1’: display();break;
case ‘2’: insert();break;
case ‘3’: edit();break;
case ‘4’: delet();break;
case ‘5’: search();break;
case ‘6’: exit(0);
}
getch();
}
void insert()
{
FILE *fp;struct student temp; char ans;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 72
fp=fopen(“file.dat”,”a+b”);
do
{ printf(“\nName : “);gets(temp.name);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Mark : “);scanf(“%d”,&temp.mark);fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nSave [Y/N]”); ans=getch();
if (toupper(ans)==’Y’) fwrite(&temp,sizeof(temp),1,fp);
printf(“\n\nAny more [Y/N]: “);ans=getch();
}while (toupper(ans)!=’N’);
fclose(fp);
display();
}
void display()
{ window(30,2,60,2);textbackground(1);clrscr();
FILE *fp; struct student temp; int n=0;
fp=fopen(“file.dat”,”rb”);
printf(“\nSr.No Name Mark\n”);
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
while (fread(&temp,sizeof(temp),1,fp))
printf(“%3d.\t%-15s\t%3d\n”,++n,temp.name,temp.mark);
fclose(fp);
}
void edit()
{
int s,n,m; FILE *fp; struct student temp;
s=sizeof(temp);
73 Turbo C
fp=fopen(“file.dat”,”r+b”);
printf(“\nWhich record you want to edit ? “);scanf(“%d”,&n);
fseek(fp,(n-1)*s,SEEK_SET);
fread(&temp,s,1,fp);
printf(“Name =%s Mark=%d\n”,temp.name,temp.mark);
printf(“Change mark to ? “);scanf(“%d”,&m);
temp.mark=m;
fseek(fp,-s,SEEK_CUR);
fwrite(&temp,s,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
display();
}
void delet()
{
FILE *fp, *fout; char dname[15]; struct student temp;
fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nEnter name you want delete “);gets(dname);
fout=fopen(“temp.dat”,”wb”);
while(fread(&temp,sizeof(temp),1,fp))
{ if(strcmp(temp.name,dname))
fwrite(&temp,sizeof(temp),1,fout);
}
fclose(fp);fclose(fout);
remove(“file.dat”);rename(“temp.dat”,”file.dat”);
display();
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 74
void search()
{
FILE *fp; char sname[15];int flag=0; struct student temp;
printf(“\nEnter name to be search “);gets(sname);
printf(“Name Mark\n”);
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
if(strcmp(temp.name,sname)==0)
{
printf(“%-15s\t%3d\n”,temp.name,temp.mark);
flag=1;
}
if(flag==0)printf(“Not found”);
}
avhusifhcef;(34)
130/ Password Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<dos.h>
void invalid_message(void);
void pass_background(void);
main()
{
char buffer[4090];
char *OriginalPassword=”AAAA”;
75 Turbo C
char *EntryPassword;
int RepeatCount;
struct date d; struct time t;
window(10,5,70,20);
textbackground(7);clrscr();window(1,1,80,25);
textattr(2+(7<<44)); gotoxy(12,6);
cprintf(“Press any key.. “);
textattr(0+(7<<44)); gotoxy(16,10);
cprintf(“This is Original window!”);getch();
gettext(1,1,80,25,buffer); pass_background();
RepeatCount=0;
do
{
RepeatCount++; gotoxy(39,12);
EntryPassword=getpass(“”);
if (RepeatCount>=3)
{
invalid_message();return 0;
}
}while(strcmp(OriginalPassword,EntryPassword)!=0);
window(10,10,70,20);textbackground(7);
clrscr();window(1,1,80,25);
window(10,11,69,19);textbackground(3);
clrscr();window(1,1,80,25);
textattr(15+(3<<4));
gotoxy(12,12);cprintf(“Today Date : “);
gotoxy(12,14);cprintf(“Time: “);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 76
gotoxy(20,16);cprintf(“Press any key to quit”);

getdate(&d);textattr(14+(3<<4));
gotoxy(24,12);
cprintf(“%d%d%d%d”,d.da_mon,d.da_day,d.da_year);
do
{
gotoxy(24,14);gettime(&t);
cprintf(“%2d:%02d:%02d\n”,t.ti_hour,t.ti_min,t.ti_sec,t.ti_hund);
}while(!kbhit());
puttext(1,1,80,25,buffer); getch(); return 0;
}
void pass_background()
{
window(20,10,60,14);textbackground(3);clrscr();window(1,1,80,25);
gotoxy(22,10);textattr(7+(1<<4));cprintf(“Password entry”);
gotoxy(22,12);textattr(0+(3<<4));cprintf(“Entry password”);
textbackground(7);cprintf(“%20s”,” “);
}
void invalid_message()
{
window(1,1,80,25);
window(1,1,80,25);
gotoxy(22,10);textattr(7+(1<<4));
cprintf(“Invalid password”);
gotoxy(22,12);textattr(0+(3<<4));
77 Turbo C
cprintf(“Unauthorized user! System Quit.”);

getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(35)
131/ Password Program udk tjcm;enf;jzifh atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<dos.h>
void invalid_message(void);
void pass_background(void);
main()
{
char buffer[4090];
char *OriginalPassword=”AAAA”;
char *EntryPassword;
int RepeatCount;
struct date d; struct time t;
gotoxy(12,6);printf(“Press any key.. “);
gotoxy(16,10);
/*printf(“This is Original window!”);*/getch();
gettext(1,1,80,25,buffer); pass_background();
RepeatCount=0;
do
{
RepeatCount++; gotoxy(39,12);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 78
EntryPassword=getpass(“”);
if (RepeatCount>=3)
{
invalid_message();return 0;
}
}while(strcmp(OriginalPassword,EntryPassword)!=0);
gotoxy(12,15);printf(“Today Date : “); gotoxy(12,16);
printf(“Time: “);
gotoxy(20,20);cprintf(“Press any key to quit”);
getdate(&d);
gotoxy(24,15);printf(“%d/%d/
%d”,d.da_mon,d.da_day,d.da_year);
do
{
gotoxy(24,16);gettime(&t);
printf(“%2d:%02d:%02d\n”,t.ti_hour,t.ti_min,t.ti_sec,t.ti_hund);
}while(!kbhit());
puttext(1,1,80,25,buffer); getch();
return 0;
}
void pass_background()
{ gotoxy(22,10);printf(“Password entry”);
gotoxy(22,12);printf(“Entry password”);
printf(“%20s”,” “);
}
void invalid_message()
79 Turbo C
{ gotoxy(22,10);printf(“Invalid password”);
gotoxy(22,12);
printf(“Unauthorized user! System Quit.”);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(36)
132/ udef;ao Number ES p f v H k ; ud k Arithmetic Operators Increment ESifh
Decrement udk toHk;jyKí atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int a,b,sum;
a=5;b=5;
sum=a+b; printf(“a=%d b=%d sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum=a++ +b; printf(“a=%d b=%d sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum=++a +b; printf(“a=%d b=%d sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum= —a +b; printf(“a=%d b=%d sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
sum=a — +b; printf(“a=%d b=%d sum=%d\n”,a,b,sum);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(37)
133/ bmom&yfwpfck\&rSwfwpfckudk ½dkufxnfhvdkufaomtcg trSwf 40 ESifhtxuf
jzpfvQif Pass [k jyay;Ny;D 40 atmufi,fu Fail [kjyay;&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
uGefysLwmvufpJG 80
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ int m;
printf(“Enter English marks for a student “);
scanf(“%d”,&m);
if (m<0 || m>100)
printf(“Invalid marks entry “);
else if (m>=40) printf(“Pass”);
else printf(“Fail”);
}
avhusifhcef;(38)
134/ vpmwpfckudk ½dkufxnfhvdkufaomtcg owfrSwfay;aom vpmuefYowfcsufESifh
udkufnDvQif 4if;vpmESifh Contribution udk jyay;NyD; uefYowfcsufESifhrudkufnDygu
yHkao Contribution 5 [k jyay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{ int salary, contribution;
printf(“Enter you salary:”);
scanf(“%d”, &salary);
switch (salary) {
case 1000: contribution=10;break;
default: contribution=5;
} /*Switch end */
81 Turbo C
printf(“You pay %d kyats for the contribution

%d”,salary, contribution);
}
avhusifhcef;(39)
135/ Do While Looping udk Main Menu Program rS 1 (odkYr[kwf) 2(odkYr[kwf)
3 udk ½dkufxnfhygu oufqdkif&m vkyfaqmifcsufudk vkyf&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
textbackground(1);
clrscr();
do{
printf(“1:Entery\n”);
printf(“2:Display\n”);
printf(“3:Quit\n”);
printf(“Choose anymore: “);
ch=getch();
switch(ch)
{
case ‘1’:printf(“\nEnter Module\n\n”);
break;
case ‘2’:printf(“\nDisplay Module\n\n”);
break;
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 82
}while(ch!=’3');
}
avhusifhcef;(40)
136/ Array xJ&Sd *Pef;rsm;\ aygif;v'fESifh ysrf;rQwefbdk;udk &Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif;
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,a[10],sum,n;
float avg;
printf(“\nEnter total no of elements in the array “);
scanf(“%d\n”,&n);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
sum=a[0];
for (i=1;i<n;i++)
sum +=a[i];
printf(“\nSum of the array is %d”,sum);
avg=sum*1.0/n;
printf(“\nAverage of the arry is %6.2f”,avg);
}
avhusifhcef;(41)
137/ Array xJ&dS *Pef;rsm;rS &Smvdak om*Pef;udk awGUvQif awGUaomae&mudjk yay;&ef
ESifh rawGUygu Not Found [k jyay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
83 Turbo C
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,a[10],num,n,found=0;
printf(“\nEnter total no of element in the array “);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
printf(“\nEnter a number to be searched “);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
if (num ==a[i])
{ printf(“%d is found at position %d”,num,i);
found =1;
}
if (found ==0) printf(“Not found\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(42)
138/ Array \ Range udk 5 ckowfrwS af y;Ny;D Array xJ&dS *Pef;rsm;udk i,fpOfBu;D vdu
k f
az:jyay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#define n 5
main()
{
int a[n]={67,45,89,12,6};
int i,j,temp;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 84
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
for (j=0;j<(n-i);j++)
if (a[j] > a[j+1])
{
temp = a[j];
a[j] = a[j+1];
a[j+1] = temp;
}
printf(“\nSorted order\n”);
for (j=1;j<=n;j++)
printf(“%5d”,a[j]);
}
avhusifhcef;(43)
139/ String xJ&Sd Character? Vowel? Upper Letter? Lower Letter ESifh Numeric
wdkYudk a&wGufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
main()
{
int l,i,vcount,ncount, acount, lcount,ucount; char st[81];
vcount=ncount=acount=lcount=ucount=0;
puts(“Eenter the string “);gets(st);
l=strlen(st);
for (i=0;i<l;i++)
{
85 Turbo C
{
case ‘A’:
case ‘E’:
case ‘I’:
case ‘O’:
case ‘U’:vcount++;
}
if (isdigit(st[i]))ncount++;
if (isalpha(st[i]))acount++;
if (islower(st[i]))lcount++;
if (isupper(st[i]))ucount++;
}
puts(“The given sentence is “);puts(st);
printf(“Your sentence has %d vowels\n”,vcount);
printf(“Your sentence has %d numeric character\n”,ncount);
printf(“Your sentence has %d alphabetic character\n”,acount);
printf(“Your sentence has %d lower case character\n”,lcount);
printf(“Your sentence has %d upper case
character\n”,ucount);
}
avhusifhcef;(44)
140/ String ESpcf &k dS Sentence wd\
Yk t&Snu
f kd EIid ;f ,SOaf y;&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
uGefysLwmvufpJG 86
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int i; char st1[81],st2[81],st3[81];
puts(“Enter first string : “);gets(st1);
puts(“Enter second string : “); gets(st2);
if (strcmp(st1,st2)>0) puts(“First string is Larger than the second
string\n”);
else if (strcmp(st1,st2)<0)puts(“First string is smaller than the
second string\n”);
else puts(“Indentcal string”);
printf(“Equialent Upper case sentence is “);puts(strupr(st1));
strcpy(st3,strcat(st1,st2));
printf(“\nConcateneated striing :”);puts(st3);
}
avhusifhcef;(45)
141/ Character Array String wpfck&Sd Character udk &SmazG&ef atmufygtwdkif;
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
main()
{
int i,found=0;char st[10];
char *p[3]={“One”,”Two”,”Three”};
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
printf(“%s\n”,p[i]);
87 Turbo C
printf(“Enter a search string : “);gets(st);

for (i=0;i<3;i++)
if (strcmp(st,p[i])==0)
{
printf(“Found at position %d\n”,i);
found=1;
}
}
avhusifhcef;(46)
142/ Program twGif;zefwD;xm;aom trnfrsm;udk Spacebar ESyd yf gu Screen
ay:wGif wpfvSnfhpDay:ap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
#define _enter 13
#define _spacebar 32
main()
{
char *UserNames[]={“Kyaw Kyaw”,
“Tun Tun”,
“Win Lwin”,
“Ko Ko”,
“Myint Thu”,
“Kyaw Min Tun”};
int key, count;
gotoxy(22,9);textcolor(0);cprintf(“User Name : “);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 88
textbackground(1); cprintf(“%14s”,” “);

count = key = 0; textcolor(15);
do
{
gotoxy(34,9);cprintf(“%-14s”,UserNames[count]);
gotoxy(34,9);key=getch();
if (key==_spacebar)
{ if (count==5) count=0;
else count++;
}
}while(key!=_enter);
cprintf(“You choose %s”,UserNames[count]);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(47)
143/ rdrdxnfhvdkaom ausmif;om;ta&twGufESifh bmom&yfESpfck\trSwfrsm;udk
½du
k x
f nfah y;&ygrnf/ xdaYk emuf 4if;trSwrf sm;xJrS trSwt
f rsm;qH;k bmom&yfukd jyay;&ef
Pointer udk toHk;jyKyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
typedef struct
{ char name[15];
int bcp,cp;
89 Turbo C
float avg;
} student;
void entry();
void display();
void max_bcp();
student ncc,max,a[100];
int i,j,n;
main()
{
clrscr();
entry();display();max_bcp();
}
void entry()
{
printf(“Enter total no of students “);
scanf(“%d”,&n);fflush(stdin);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf(“Enter name : “);
scanf(“%[A-Za-z]”,&ncc.name);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Enter BCP Marks : “);
scanf(“%d”,&ncc.bcp);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Enter CP Marks : “);
scanf(“%d”,&ncc.cp);fflush(stdin);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 90
ncc.avg=(ncc.bcp+ncc.cp)*1.0/2;
a[i]=ncc;
}
}
void display()
{
clrscr();
gotoxy(25,1); printf(“NCC STUDENT LIST\n”);
gotoxy(25,2); printf(“————————\n”);
printf(“Name BCP CP AVERAGE\n”);
printf(“——————————————————————
\n”);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
printf(“%-
15s%5d%5d%7.2f\n”,a[i].name,a[i].bcp,a[i].cp,a[i].avg);
printf(“——————————————————————
\n”);
printf(“Press any key to continue\n”);getch();
}
void max_bcp()
{
clrscr();
printf(“Maximum BCP marks for the given student \n”);
max=a[0];
for (i=1;i<n;i++)
if (a[i].bcp>max.bcp) max=a[i];
printf(“Name = %s \n”,max.name);
91 Turbo C
printf(“BCP = %d \n”,max.bcp);
printf(“CP = %d \n”,max.cp);
printf(“Average = %7.2f \n”,max.avg);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(48)
144/ Function udk toHk;jyKNyD; Array String xJ&Sd Character rsm;udk a&wGufay;&ef
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void strdisplay(char*);
main()
{
char UserStr[80]; UserStr[0]=’\0';
clrscr(); printf(“Enter string : “);
gets(UserStr);
strdisplay(UserStr);
getch();
}
void strdisplay(char* UserStr)
{
int count, lenght;
lenght=strlen(UserStr);
printf(“Total no of character = %d\n”,lenght);
for (count=0;count<+lenght;count++)
printf(“UserStr[%d]=[%c]\n”,count,UserStr[count]);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 92
avhusifhcef;(49)
145/ Pointer udk toHk;jyKNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;\ ½lyaAESifh"gwkaA' trSwfrsm;? ysrf;rQ
trSwfrsm;udk &Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{ char name[15]; char sex;
int phys,chem; float avg;
};
struct student entry();
void display(struct student s);
main()
{
clrscr();
struct student temp=entry();
display(temp);
}
struct student entry()
{
struct student s;
clrscr();
printf(“Enter Name = “);
gets(s.name);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Enter Sex = “);
scanf(“%c”,&s.sex);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Enter Physics = “);
93 Turbo C
scanf(“%d”,&s.phys);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Enter Chemisty = “);
scanf(“%d”,&s.chem);fflush(stdin);
s.avg=(s.phys+s.chem)/2.0;
return s;
}
void display(struct student s)

{
clrscr();
printf(“Name = %s\n”,s.name);
printf(“Sex = %c\n”,s.sex);
printf(“Physics = %d\n”,s.phys);
printf(“Chemisty = %d\n”,s.chem);
printf(“Average = %6.2f\n\n”,s.avg);
}
avhusifhcef;(50)
146/ *Pef;ESpfvHk; ½dkufxnfhNyD; taygif;? tEIwf? tajr§muf? tpm;wdkYudk wGufcsuf
ay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a,b; char ans;
textbackground(1);clrscr(); gotoxy(10,5);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 94
printf(“Enter two integer number to

calculate:”);scanf(“%d%d”, &a,&b);
gotoxy(10,7); printf(“1:Addition”);
gotoxy(10,9); printf(“2:Substraaction”);
gotoxy(10,11); printf(“3:Multiplication”);
gotoxy(10,13); printf(“4:Division”);
gotoxy(10,15); printf(“Choose any one:”);
ans=getche();
switch(ans)
{
case’1': printf(“\n\n%d+%d=%d”,a,b,a+b);break;
case’2': printf(“\n\n%d-%d=%d”,a,b,a-b);break;
case’3': printf(“\n\n%d*%d=%d”,a,b,a*b);break;
case’4': printf(“\n\n%d/%d=%d remainder %d”,a,b,a/
b,a%b);
}
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(51)
147/ Array \ Size ud k 100 owf r S w f a y;xm;ygonf / 4if ; Array xJ o d k Y
rd r d x nf h v d k a om *Pef ; ta&twG u f u d k xnf h a y;Ed k i f N yD ; ? 4if ; Array xJ r S
rdrd&SmazGvdkaom*Pef;udk &Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
95 Turbo C
{ clrscr();
int A[100],i,n,num,temp,found=0;
cout<<“Hown many number ? > “;
cin>>n;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cin>>A[i];
cout<<“Enter search number? “;
cin>>num;
i=0;
while (i<n && !found)
{
if (num==A[i])
found=1;
else i++;
}
if (found) cout<<“Found!”;
else cout<<“Not Found”;
}
avhusifhcef;(52)
148/ If Function udt k oH;k jyKí *Pef;wpfv;kH udk ½du f nfNh y;D 4if;*Pef;onfPositive
k x
(odkYr[kwf) Negative (odkYr[kwf) Zero jzpfonfudkcGJjcm;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ clrscr();
uGefysLwmvufpJG 96
int num;
if (num > 0)
else if(num < 0)
else if (num==0)
}
avhusifhcef;(53)
149/ udef;ao 0123456789 *Pef;udk Data File wpfct
k jzpf zefw;D wnf aqmuf&ef
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <io.h>
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char buf[11] = “0123456789”;
/* attempt to create a file that doesn’t already exist */

handle = creatnew(“DUMMY1.FIL”, 0);
97 Turbo C
if (handle == -1)
printf(“DUMMY1.FIL already exists.\n”);
else
{
printf(“DUMMY1.FIL successfully created.\n”);
write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));
close(handle);
}
return 0;
}
avhusifhcef;(54)
150/ 'órude;f *Pef;wpfcu
k kd ½du
k x
f nfNh y;D jyefvnfjyo&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float smplNum;
printf(“What sample number do you want to display?
“,smplNum);
scanf(“%f”,&smplNum);
printf(“\nThe number you type is %f.\n”,smplNum);
}
avhusifhcef;(55)
151/ rdr½d u kd x
f nfah y;aom*Pef;oH;k vH;k udk EIid ;f ,SONf y;D tpDtpOfwus jyefvnfpaD y;&ef
uGefysLwmvufpJG 98
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int a,b,c;
void accept();
void swap(int *x, int *y);
main()
{
accept();
if(a>b) swap(&a,&b);
if(b>a) swap(&b,&c);
if(c>a) swap(&a,&b);
printf(“The sorted numbers are: %4d%4d%4d”,a,b,c);
getch();
}
void accept()
{
printf(“\nEnter three integers “);
scanf(“%d%d%d”,&a,&b,&c);
}
void swap(int *x, int *y)

{
int temp;
temp=*x;
*x=*y;
99 Turbo C
*y=temp;
}
avhusifhcef;(56)
152/ rdrd½dkufxnfhay;aom*Pef;wpfvHk;udk Positive ? Negative ? Zero cGJjcm;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int num;
printf(“Enter number “);
if(num>0)printf(“\nPositive”);
if(num<0)printf(“\nNegative”);
if(num==0)printf(“\nZero”);
}
avhusifhcef;(57)
153/ rdrd½dkufxnfhay;aom*Pef;wpfvHk;udk Prime number [kwf^ r[kwf cGJjcm;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
uGefysLwmvufpJG 100
int r,num,d=1;
printf(“\nEnter number>”);
do
{ ++d; r=num%d;}
while (r !=0);
if (num==d)
printf(“\nPrime”);
else printf(“\nNot prime”);
}
avhusifhcef;(58)
154/ Data file wpfcrk S Number Data rsm;udzk wf,Nl y;D ? tBu;D qH;k *Pef;ESihf ti,fq;kH
*Pef;udk Output Data File wpfcktjzpf odrf;xm;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkif
ygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,n; float number, max,min;
FILE *inf, *outf;
inf=fopen(“pro2.dat”,”r”);
outf=fopen(“pro2.out”,”w”);
fscanf(inf,”%d”, &n);
fscanf(inf,”%f”,&number);
max=min = number;
for (i=1;i<n;i++)
{ fscanf(inf,”%f”,&number);
101 Turbo C
if (number > max) max=number;

else if (number < min) min=number;}
fprintf(outf,”\nMaximun is %10.2f”,max);
fprintf(outf,”\nMinimun is %10.2f”,min);
}
avhusifhcef;(59)
155/ tHpmwHk;upm;enf; Game Program udk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{ int i,money=500, dno,d,bet,count;
char ans=’Y’;
while (ans==’Y’)
{
do
{
printf(“\nEnter your bet: “);scanf(“%d”,&bet);
if (bet > money) printf(“\nNot enough money”);
}while (bet>money);
do
{ printf(“\nEnter dice number”);scanf(“%d”,&d);
if (d<1||d>6)printf(“\nWrong entry “);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 102
}while (d<1||d>6);
count=0;
printf(“\nDice number are “);
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
dno=random(6)+1;
delay(500);
printf(“\n%d”,dno);
if (dno==d)count++;
}
if (count)
{ printf(“\nYou win the game”);
money+=bet * count;
}
else
{ printf(“\nYou lost the game”);
if (!money)
{ printf(“\nYou have no money to play game”);
getch();
exit(1);
}
}
printf(“\nMoney =%d”,money);
printf(“\nPlay any more (Y/N)? “);
ans=toupper(getch());
}
103 Turbo C
avhusifhcef;(60)
156/ While Looping udk toH;k jyKí vpmaiGrsm;udk ½duk x
f nfNh y;D vpmaiGrsm; aygif;v'f
&Smaom Program jzpfygonf/ Program rS xGuv f ykd gu -999 ½dkufay;&ef atmufyg
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int salary,sum;
sum=salary=0;
printf(“\nData entry terminated -999\n”);
while (salary !=-999)
{
sum +=salary;
printf(“\nEnter salary > “);
scanf(“%d”,&salary);
}
printf(“\nSum =%d”,sum);
}
avhusifhcef;(61)
157/ Switch Statement udk toHk;jyKí vpmaiGrsm;udk ½dkufxnfhNyD; vpmaiGrsm;onf
rnfonfh Contribution Range wGif yg0ifonfudk az:jyay;&ef atmufygtwdkif;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 104
a&;om; Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int salary,contribution;
printf(“\nEnter salary “);
scanf(“%d”,&salary);
switch(salary)
{
default: contribution=3;
}
printf(“You pay %d kyat for the contribution”,contribution);
}
/* Program to create backup of the AUTOEXEC.BAT file */
avhusifhcef;(62)
158/ trnfEiS ahf rG;aeYukd rdrad z:jyvdak om yHpk jH zifh jyoay;&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
105 Turbo C
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int i;
struct date
{
char name[80];
int month;
int day;
int year;
}
struct birthday
{
“Mg Mg”,12,30,93,
“Mg Ba”,5,20,90,
“Mg Hla”,7,15,88,
“Su Su”, 11,29,91,
“Yi Yi”,12,3,94,
“Soe Soe”,4,12,92
};
clrscr();
printf(“*****************************\n”);
printf(“ Name Date birth\n”);
printf(“*****************************\n”);
for (i=0; i<6; ++i)
p r i n t f ( “ % 1 0 s % d / % d /
%d\n”,birthday[i].name,birthday[i].month,
uGefysLwmvufpJG 106
birthday[i].day,birthday[i].year);
}
avhusifhcef;(63)
159/ Array xJ&dS *Pef;rsm;\ aygif;v'fukd &Sm&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;Edik yf gonf-
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
int a[10],i,sum,n;
randomize();
cout<<“\nHow many number ? “;
cin>>n;
clrscr();
for ( i=0;i<n;i++)
{ a[i]=random(50)+1;
cout<<a[i]<<‘\n’;
sum+=a[i];
}
cout<<“This sum of array=”<<sum;
}
avhusifhcef;(64)
160/ Data File rS ausmif;om;rSwfwrf;uddk jyoay;jcif;? xyfxnfhjcif;? jyKjyifjcif;?
zsufjcif;? &SmazGjcif;wdkYudk jyKvkyf&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
107 Turbo C
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{ char name[15];int mark;};
void insert();
void display();
void edit();
void delet();
void search();
main()
{ int answer;
gotoxy(31 ,2);textcolor(15);
cprintf(“STUDENT RECORD MAIN MENU\n”);
cprintf(“1. DISPLAY STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“2. INSERT STUDENT RECORD\n”);
cprintf(“3. EDITITING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 108
cprintf(“4. DELETE STUDENT RECORD\n”);

cprintf(“5. SEARCHING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,10);textcolor(15);cprintf(“6. QUIT\n”);
gotoxy(20,12);
printf(“Choose any one 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 : “);
answer=getche();
switch(answer)
{ case ‘1’: display();break;
case ‘2’: insert();break;
case ‘3’: edit();break;
case ‘4’: delet();break;
case ‘5’: search();break;
case ‘6’: exit(0);
}
getch();
}
void insert()
{
FILE *fp;struct student temp; char ans;
fp=fopen(“file.dat”,”a+b”);
do
{ printf(“\nName : “);gets(temp.name);fflush(stdin);
printf(“Mark : “);scanf(“%d”,&temp.mark);fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nSave [Y/N]”); ans=getch();
109 Turbo C
printf(“\n\nAny more [Y/N]: “);

ans=getch();
fclose(fp);
display();
}
void display()
{ window(30,2,60,2);textbackground(1);clrscr();
FILE *fp; struct student temp; int n=0;
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
fclose(fp);
}
void edit()
{
int s,n,m; FILE *fp; struct student temp;
s=sizeof(temp);
fp=fopen(“file.dat”,”r+b”);
printf(“\nWhich record you want to edit ? “);scanf(“%d”,&n);
printf(“Change mark to ? “);scanf(“%d”,&m);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 110
temp.mark=m;
fclose(fp);
display();
}
void delet()
{
FILE *fp, *fout; char dname[15]; struct student temp;
fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nEnter name you want delete “);gets(dname);
}
fclose(fp);fclose(fout);
remove(“file.dat”);rename(“temp.dat”,”file.dat”);
display();
}
void search()
{
FILE *fp; char sname[15];int flag=0;
struct student temp;
111 Turbo C
printf(“\nEnter name to be search “);

gets(sname);
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
{ printf(“%-15s\t%3d\n”,temp.name,temp.mark);
flag=1;
}
}
avhusifhcef;(65)
161/ While Looping udk toHk;jyKí bmom&yfoHk;cktrSwfxnfhjcif;? atmif^½HI;
tajzxkwfjcif;wdkYudk atmufygtwdkif;a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int sub1,sub2,sub3,pass=0,fail=0;
char ch=’Y’;
while (ch ==’Y’|| ch ==’y’)
{
printf(“\nEnter three subject marks : “);
scanf(“%d %d %d”,&sub1,&sub2,&sub3);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 112
if (sub1<50 || sub2<50 || sub3<50)

fail=fail+1;
else
pass=pass+1;
ch=’X’;
printf(“Do you want to another record[y/n] : “);
while (ch !=’Y’ && ch !=’y’ && ch !=’N’ && ch !=’n’)
{
}
}
printf(“\nPass =%d”,pass);
printf(“\nFail =%d”,fail);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(66)
162/ Array xJodkY 'órudef;rsm;xnfhNyD;? Data File tjzpf odrf;xm;&ef atmufyg
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
float a[20][3],num;
int i;
FILE *fopen(), *f;
113 Turbo C
f=fopen(“test10.dat”,”w”);
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
{
printf(“\nEnter data position %2d = “,i+1);
scanf(“%f”,&num);
a[i][1]=num;
a[19-i][2]=a[i][1];
}
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
a[i][3]=(a[i][1]+a[i][2]) / 2.0;
clrscr();
printf(“Inorder\tReverse order\tAverage\n”);
printf(“~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~\n”);
fprintf(f,”Inorder\tReverse order\tAverage\n”);
fprintf(f,”~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~\n”);
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
{
printf(“%0.2f\t\t%0.2f\t%0.2f\n”,a[i][1],a[i][2],a[i][3]);
fprintf(f,”%0.2f\t\t%0.2f\t%0.2f\n”,a[i][1],a[i][2],a[i][3]);
}
fclose(f);
}
avhusifhcef;(67)
163/ Array xJoYkd *Pef;rsm;udk ½du f nfNh y;D Sort jyKvyk &f ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
k x
Edik yf gonf-
uGefysLwmvufpJG 114
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ int i, a[5],j,t;
printf(“Enter first number: “);
scanf(“%d”,&a[0]);
for (i=1;i<5;i++)
{ printf(“Enter next: “);
}
clrscr();
printf(“Input Data\n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“\t%d”,a[i]);
}
printf(“\n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
for (j=0;j<4-i;j++)
{ if (a[j] >a[j+1])
{ t=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=t;
}
}
printf(“\nSorted data\n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
115 Turbo C
{
}
printf(“\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(68)
164/ pmar;yGJwGif ausmif;om;rsm;\ atmifaomta&twGuf? ½HI;aomta&twGuf?
*kPfxl;&&Sdolta&twGufwdkYudk wGufcsuf&ef atmufygtwdkif;a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int sub1,sub2,sub3,pass=0,fail=0,c=0,d=0,count=0;
char ch=’Y’;
while (ch ==’Y’|| ch ==’y’)
{
printf(“\nEnter three subject marks : “);
scanf(“%d %d %d”,&sub1,&sub2,&sub3);
if (sub1<50 || sub2<50 || sub3<50) fail=fail+1;
if (sub1>49 && sub2>49 && sub3>49) pass=pass+1;
if (sub1>64 && sub2>64 && sub3>64) c=c+1;
if (sub1>84 && sub2>84 && sub3>84) d=d+1;
count=count+1; ch=’X’;
printf(“Do you want to another record[y/n] : “);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 116
while (ch !=’Y’ && ch !=’y’ && ch !=’N’ && ch !=’n’)

{ scanf(“%c”,&ch);}
}
gotoxy(30,10);printf(“Pass =%d”,pass);
gotoxy(30,11);printf(“Fail =%d”,fail);
gotoxy(30,12);printf(“Crideits =%d”,c);
gotoxy(30,13);printf(“Distanction =%d”,d);
gotoxy(30,14);printf(“Number of Student=%d”,count);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(69)
165/ *Pef;rsm;jzifh az:jyaom em&DwpfckwGif puúefY 60 rS wpfrdepf? rdepf 60 rS
wpfem&D *Pef;rsm;vnfywfyHkudk atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int i,h,m,s;
for (h=0;h<=23;h++)
for (m=0;m<=59;m++)
{
for (s=0;s<=59;s++)
printf(“\n%dh :%dm :%ds “);
for (i=1;i<=50;i++);
117 Turbo C
}
}
avhusifhcef;(70)
166/ *Pef; ig;vH;k udk aygif;jcif;ESihf ysr;f rQjcif;&Sm&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{ int i=0,sum=0,num,c;
float avg;
clrscr();
c=0;
while (c<5)
{
printf(“Enter the number “);
sum +=num;
c++;
}
avg=sum/5;
printf(“Sum = %d\n”,sum);
printf(“Average = %.2f”,avg);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(71)
uGefysLwmvufpJG 118
167/ rdrd ½du k xf nfvh ukd af om *Pef;onf oknESihf rnDrjcif; *Pef;rsm;udk aygif;&efEiS hf
ysrf;rQwefbdk;udk&Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=0,sum=0,num;
float avg;
clrscr();
printf(“Enter the number\t”);
while (num !=0)
i++;
{
sum +=num;
printf(“Enter the number\t “);
}
avg=sum/i;
printf(“Sum = %d\n”,sum);
printf(“Average = %.2f”,avg);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(72)
168/ TURBO C PROGRAMMING qdkaompmwef;udk ta&mifxnfhxm;aom
axmifhrSefpwk*HwGif ay:ap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<conio.h>
main()
119 Turbo C
{
window(20,1,60,3);
textbackground(1);clrscr();
window(1,1,80,25);
gotoxy(21,2);
textcolor(2);
cprintf(“TURBO C PROGRAMMING”);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(73)
169/ Arithmetic Operator udk toH;k jyKí ude;f ao *Pef;ESpv f ;kH \ aygif;jcif;? EIwjf cif;?
ajr§mufjcif;ESifh pm;jcif;wdkYudk &Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/* Using Arithmetic Operator */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ clrscr();
int x=20, y=4;
printf(“x=20,\ty=4\n”);
printf(“x + y = %5d\n”,x+y);
printf(“x - y = %5d\n”,x-y);
printf(“x * y = %5d\n”,x*y);
printf(“x / y = %5d\n”,x/y);
getch();
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 120
avhusifhcef;(74)
170/ Conditional Operator udk toHk;jyKí ½dkufvdkufaom *Pef;ESpfvHk;rS tBuD;qHk;
*Pef;udk&Sm&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/* Using Conditional Operator(?) */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
int a,b,larg;
printf(“Enter two numbers : “);
scanf(“%d,%d”,&a,&b);
larg=(a>b) ? a:b;
printf(“The larger number is %d”,larg);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(75)
171/ rd r d ½ d k u f x nf h v d k u f a om Sentence wpf c k u d k Puts Function toH k ; jyKí
jyefvnfjyo &ef atmufygtwdkif;a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ char text[80];
printf(“Enter a sentence\n”);
121 Turbo C
gets(text);
puts(text);
}
avhusifhcef;(76)
172/ rdrd½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;av;vHk;xJrS tBuD;qHk;udef;udk &Smaom Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
larger(int a, int b);
main()
{
int num1, num2, num3, num4, larg;
clrscr();
puts (“enter four integer numbers”);
scanf (“%d,%d,%d,%d”, &num1, &num2, &num3,
&num4);
larg = larger(larger(num1,num2),larger(num3,num4));
printf ( “Largest number = %d”, larg);
}
larger (int a, int b)

{
int c;
c = a > b ? a : b;
return (c);
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 122
avhusifhcef;(77)
173/ arG;aeYouú&mZf ½du
k x
f nfí
h arG;aeY&iS \
f arG;aeYukd az:jyay;&ef atmufygtwdik ;f
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int day,month,year,x,y,z,day_of_week;
char ch;
clrscr();
puts(“Enter a date in the form : day/month/year”);
scanf(“%d%c%d%c%d”,&day,&ch,&month,&ch,&year);
x=year % 100;
y=year / 100;
z=month - 2;
if (z <=0)
{
z +=12;-x;}
day_of_week=((13 * z - 1) / 5+day+x+x / 4+y / 4-2 * y) %
7;
printf(“\n%d/%d/%d is a “,day,month,year);
switch (day_of_week)
{ case 0:puts (“Sunday”);break;
case 1:puts (“Monday”);break;
case 2:puts (“Tuesday”);break;
case 3:puts (“Wednesday”);break;
case 4:puts (“Thursday”);break;
case 5:puts (“Friday”);break;
case 6:puts (“Saturday”);break;
}
123 Turbo C
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(78)
174/ Do... While Loop udk toHk;jyKí Screen wGif a&mifpHktuGufrsm; vIyf&Sm;
aeap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{ int x,y;
clrscr();
gotoxy(30,24);
cprintf(“Press any key to quit”);
do
{x=random(80);
y=random(25);
window(x,y,x+random(10),y+random(8));
textbackground(random(16)); clrscr();
}while (!kbhit());
}
avhusifhcef;(79)
175/ Array xJodkY rdrd½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;ig;vHk;udk i,fpOfBuD;vdkuf pDay;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
uGefysLwmvufpJG 124
main()
{ int i, a[5],j,t;
scanf(“%d”,&a[0]);
for (i=1;i<5;i++)
{ printf(“Enter next: “);
}
clrscr();
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
}
printf(“\n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
for (j=0;j<4-i;j++)
{ if (a[j] >a[j+1])
{ t=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=t;
}
}
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{ printf(“\t%d”,a[i]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
125 Turbo C
avhusifhcef;(80)
176/ Array xJodkY rdrd½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;ig;vHk;udk BuD;pOfi,fvdkuf pDay;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int i, a[5],j,t;
scanf(“%d”,&a[0]);
for (i=1;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“Enter next: “);
}
clrscr();
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
}
printf(“\n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
for (j=0;j<4-i;j++)
{
if (a[j] <a[j+1])
uGefysLwmvufpJG 126
{
t=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=t;
}
}
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
}
printf(“\n”);
}
avhusifhcef;(81)
177/ rdr½d ukd x
f nfv kd af om *Pef;wpfv;kH \ Absolute wefb;kd ? Square Root wefb;kd ?
h u
Logrithem wefbdk;rsm;? Exponential wefbdk;? Power of Exponent wefbdk;rsm;udk
wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
float num,a,c,f,s,lo,lo10,e,p,sina,cosa,tana;
printf(“Enter number: “);
127 Turbo C
a=abs(num);
c=ceil(num);
f=floor(num);
s=sqrt(num);
lo=log(num);
lo10=log10(num);
e=exp(num);
p=pow(num,2);
printf(“%f is absolute value %0.0f\n”,num,a);
printf(“%f is next positive value %f\n”,num,c);
printf(“%f is next lower integer of the value %f\n”,num,f);
printf(“%f is Square root of the value %d\n”,num,s);
printf(“%f is natural logarithm of the value %f\n”,num,lo);
printf(“%f is natural logarith of the (base 10) value
%f\n”,num,lo10);
printf(“%f is natural exponential of the value %f\n”,num,e);
printf(“%f is value raised to power of exponent %0.0f\n”,num,p);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(82)
178/ Array xJodkY rdrd½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;(20)vHk;udk Reverse Order pDcdkif;NyD;
Average wefbdk; wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 128
float a[20][3],num;
int i;
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
{
printf(“\nEnter data position %2d = “,i+1);
a[i][1]=num;
a[19-i][2]=a[i][1];
}
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
a[i][3]=(a[i][1]+a[i][2]) / 2.0;
clrscr();
printf(“Inorder\tReverse order\tAverage\n”);
printf(“~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~~~~~~~\t~~~~~~~\n”);
for (i=0;i<20;i++)
{
printf(“%0.2f\t\t%0.2f\t%0.2f\n”,a[i][1],a[i][2],a[i][3]);
}
}
avhusifhcef;(83)
179/ pwk&ef;yHka&;qGJ&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/* define some box-drawing characters */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define LEFT_TOP 0xDA
129 Turbo C
#define RIGHT_TOP 0xBF

#define HORIZ 0xC4
#define VERT 0xB3
#define LEFT_BOT 0xC0
#define RIGHT_BOT 0xD9
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
char i, j;
/* draw the top of the box */

putchar(LEFT_TOP);
for (i=0; i<50; i++)
putchar(HORIZ);
putchar(RIGHT_TOP);
putchar(‘\n’);
/* draw the middle */

for (i=0; i<20; i++)
{
putchar(VERT);
for (j=0; j<50; j++)
putchar(‘ ‘);
putchar(VERT);
putchar(‘\n’);
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 130
/* draw the bottom */

putchar(LEFT_BOT);
for (i=0; i<50; i++)
putchar(HORIZ);
putchar(RIGHT_BOT);
putchar(‘\n’);
return 0;
}
avhusifhcef;(84)
180/ A[k*HyHka&;qGJ&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
/* ============== Program Description ============= */

/* program name : ch24_2.c */
/* draw a interesting picture using line() */
/* =========================================== */
#include <graphics.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main(void)
{
int driver = DETECT,mode;
int x[10],y[10];
int x_center = 360, y_center = 180, rad = 100;
int i,j;
131 Turbo C
initgraph(&driver,&mode,”c:\\tc\\bgi”);
for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++ )
{
x[i] = x_center + rad * cos(36*i*3.14159/180);
y[i] = y_center + rad * sin(36*i*3.14159/180);
}
for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++ )
for ( j = 0; j < 10; j++ )
line(x[i],y[i],x[j],y[j]);
getch(); /* press any key return to TEXT mode */
closegraph();
}
avhusifhcef;(85)
181/ Turbo C Programming qdkonfh pmwef;udk rdrdaz:jyvdkonfhae&mwGif
ay:ap&ef Goto Function toHk;jyKík atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include <conio.h>
main()
{
clrscr();
gotoxy(35, 12);
cprintf(“Turbo C Programming”);
getch();
return 0;
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 132
avhusifhcef;(86)
182/ rdr½d ukd x
f nfah om *Pef;rsm;udk zdik w
f pfcw
k iG f odr;f xm;Ny;D 4if;zdik rf S tBu;D qH;k *Pef;
ESifhti,fqHk;*Pef;rsm;udk a½G;xkwfppfay;um Output File wpfckwGif odrf;xm;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,n; float number, max,min;
FILE *inf, *outf;
inf=fopen(“pro2.dat”,”r”);
outf=fopen(“pro2.out”,”w”);
fscanf(inf,”%d”, &n);
max=min = number;
for (i=1;i<n;i++)
{
if (number > max) max=number;
else if (number < min) min=number;}
fprintf(outf,”\nMaximun is %10.2f”,max);
fprintf(outf,”\nMinimun is %10.2f”,min);
}
avhusifhcef;(87)
183/ Main Menu wpfckudkta&mifjzifh az:jyvdkaomae&mwGif ay:ap&ef atmufyg
133 Turbo C
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
textbackground(7);
clreol();
textcolor(6);
gotoxy(20,1);
gotoxy(1,25);
clreol();
textattr(4+(7<<4)+128);
gotoxy(28,25);
cprintf(“Press any key to continue”);
clreol();
textbackground(7);
window(25,4,55,20);
clrscr();
textattr(4+(6)<<4);
textcolor(11);
gotoxy(12,3);cprintf(“Main Menu”);
gotoxy(12,4);cprintf(“=========”);
gotoxy(10,6);cprintf(“A”);
gotoxy(10,8);cprintf(“S”);
gotoxy(10,10);cprintf(“M”);
gotoxy(10,12);cprintf(“D”);
gotoxy(10,14);cprintf(“E”);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 134
textattr(0+(7<<4));
textcolor(10);
gotoxy(11,6);cprintf(“ddition”);
textcolor(10);
gotoxy(11,8);cprintf(“ubstraction”);
textcolor(10);
gotoxy(11,10);cprintf(“ultiplication”);
textcolor(10);
gotoxy(11,12);cprintf(“ivision”);
textcolor(10);
gotoxy(11,14);cprintf(“xit to Dos”);
window(30,22,50,23);
textbackground(14);clrscr();
window(1,1,60,25);
gotoxy(10,22);
textcolor(10); highvideo();
cprintf(“WELCOME “);
textcolor(10); lowvideo();
normvideo();
getch();clreol();
}
avhusifhcef;(88)
184/ ausmif;om;rsm;\ Record rsm;udk Student.dat qdkaom zdkifwGif odrf;xm;NyD;?
4if;ausmif;om;rsm;\ Record rsm;udk xnfhoGif;jcif;? jyoapjcif;? jyifqifjcif;? zsufjcif;?
&SmazGMunf½h jI cif;? tpDtpOfwuspjD cif;rsm;udk Main Menu rS wpfqifh a½G;cs,f wGucf suf
135 Turbo C
vkyfaqmifap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-

#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{ char name[15];
int mark;
};
void insert();
void display();
void edit();
void delet();
void search();
void sort();
void main()
{ int menuOpt;
do { clrscr();
gotoxy(31,2);printf(“STUDENT RECORD MAIN MENU\n”);
gotoxy(26,5);printf(“1. DISPLAY STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,6);printf(“2. INSERT STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,7);printf(“3. EDITITING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,8);printf(“4. DELETE STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,9);printf(“5. SEARCHING STUDENT RECORD\n”);
gotoxy(26,10);printf(“6. SORT STUDENT RECORD\N”);
uGefysLwmvufpJG 136
gotoxy(26,11);printf(“7. QUIT\n”);
gotoxy(20,12);printf(“Choose any one 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 : “);
menuOpt=getche();
if(menuOpt==’2')
{ insert();}
if(menuOpt==’1')
{ display();}
if(menuOpt==’3')
{ edit();}
if(menuOpt==’4')
{ delet();}
if(menuOpt==’5')
{ search();}
if (menuOpt ==’6')
{ sort();}
} while(menuOpt !=’7');
}
void insert()
{ FILE *fp;
char ans;
fp=fopen(“student.dat”,”a+b”);
do
{ printf(“\nName : “);
gets(temp.name);
fflush(stdin);
137 Turbo C
printf(“Mark : “);
scanf(“%d”,&temp.mark);
fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nSave [Y/N]”);
ans=getch();
printf(“\nAny more [Y/N]: “);
ans=getch();
fclose(fp);
}
void display()
{ clrscr();
FILE *fp;
struct student temp; int n=0;
fp=fopen(“student.dat”,”rb”);
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
fclose(fp);
getch();
}
void edit()
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 138
int s,n,m;
FILE *fp;
s=sizeof(temp);
fp=fopen(“student.dat”,”r+b”);
printf(“\nWhich record you want to edit ? “);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
printf(“Change mark to ? “);
scanf(“%d”,&m);
temp.mark=m;
fclose(fp);
display();
}
void delet()
{
FILE *fp, *fout;
char dname[15];
fflush(stdin);
printf(“\nEnter name you want delete “);
gets(dname);
139 Turbo C
}
fclose(fp);
fclose(fout);
remove(“student.dat”);
rename(“temp.dat”,”student.dat”);
display();
}
void search()
{
FILE *fp;
char sname[15];int flag=0;
printf(“\nEnter name to be search “);
gets(sname);
printf(“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n”);
{ printf(“%-15s\t%3d\n”,temp.name,temp.mark);
flag=1;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 140
}
getch();
}
void sort()
{ FILE *fp;
struct student temp1,temp2;
int flag,i,j,n=0;
fp=fopen(“student.dat”,”r+b”);
while(fread(&temp1,sizeof(temp1),1,fp))
n++;
i=0;
do
{ flag=0;
for(j=0;j<(n-i-1);j++)
{ fseek(fp,sizeof(temp1)*j,0);
fread(&temp1,sizeof(temp1),1,fp);
fread(&temp2,sizeof(temp2),1,fp);
if (strcmp(temp1.name,temp2.name)>0)
{ fseek (fp,sizeof(temp1)*j,0);
fwrite(&temp2,sizeof(temp2),1,fp);
fwrite(&temp1,sizeof(temp1),1,fp);
flag=1;
}
}
i++;
141 Turbo C
}while(i<n-1 && flag ==1);

fclose(fp);
display();
}
avhusifhcef;(89)
185/ Menu rS eHygwf 1 udk a½G;cs,fygu Enter Module udk jyo&ef? eHygwf 2 udk
a½G;cs,fygu Display Module udkjyo&efESifh eHygwf 3 udk a½G;ygu y½d*k &yfrS xGuaf p&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
textbackground(1);
clrscr();
do
{
printf(“1:Entery\n”);
printf(“2:Display\n”);
printf(“3:Quit\n”);
printf(“Choose any more: “);
ch=getch();
switch(ch)
{
case ‘1’:printf(“\nEnter Module\n\n”);break;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 142
case ‘2’:printf(“\nDisplay Module\n\n”);break;

}
}while(ch!=’3');
}
avhusifhcef;(90)
186/ Array xJodkY One? Two? Three qdkonfh String rsm;udk xnfhoGif;NyD; jyef&SmazGí
awGU&Sdu jyoay;aponf/ tu,fí Array xJwGif r&Sdaom Data wpfckudk &SmazGygu
rawGUaMumif;az:jyap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
main()
{
int i,found=0;
char st[10];
char *p[3]={“One”,”Two”,”Three”};
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
printf(“%s\n”,p[i]);
printf(“Enter a search string : “);
gets(st);
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
if (strcmp(st,p[i]) = = 0)
{
printf(“Found at position %d\n”,i);
found=1;
}
}
avhusifhcef;(91)
143 Turbo C
187/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;ESpfvHk; jyoí 4if;*Pef;ESpfvHk;udk

a&SUaemufae&mcsif;vJNyD; jyefvnfjyoap&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void swap(int *x, int *y);
main()
{
int a,b;
printf(“\nEnter two integer : “);
scanf(“%d%d”,&a,&b);
printf(“First number = %d and second number =
%d\n”,a,b);
swap(&a,&b);
printf(“First number =%d and second number =%d\n”,a,b);
}
void swap(int *x, int *y)
{
int temp;
temp=*x;
*x=*y;
*y=temp;
}
avhusifhcef;(92)
188/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;ESpfvHk; udk Arithmetic Operators
toHk;jyKyHkudk rlwnfNyD; wGufcsuf&&Sdvmaom *Pef;ESpfvHk;\ aygif;v'fudkjyoay;&ef
uGefysLwmvufpJG 144
#include<stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
main()
{ clrscr();
int num1,num2,sum;
printf(“Enter two number = “);
scanf(“%d %d”,&num1,&num2);
sum=num1+num2;
printf(“num1=%d num2=%d sum=%d\n”,num1,num2,sum);
sum=num1++ +num2;
sum=++num1 +num2;
sum= —num1 +num2;
sum=num1 — +num2;
printf(“num1=%d num2=%d
sum=%d\n”,num1,num2,sum);
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(93)
189/ Keyboard rS *Pef;ESpfvHk;\ aygif;? EIwf? ajr§muf? pm;wdkYudk wGufcsuf&eftwGuf
Menu rS 1 (odkYr[kwf) 2 (odkYr[kwf) 3 (odkYr[kwf) 4 udk a½G;cs,fygu oufqdkif&m
Function udk ac:,lwGufcsufNyD; tajzjyo&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void menu();
145 Turbo C
int add (int, int);

int sub(int, int);
int mult(int, int);
float divide(int, int);
void pause();
char choice;
void main()
{ int a,b;
printf(“Enter two integers “);
scanf(“%d %d”,&a,&b);
do
{
menu();
clrscr();
switch (choice)
{
case ‘1’ : printf(“Result = %d”, add(a, b));
pause(); break;
case ‘2’ : printf(“Result = %d”, sub(a, b));
pause(); break;
case ‘3’ : printf(“Result = %d”, mult(a, b));
pause(); break;
case ‘4’ : printf(“Result = %0.2f”, divide(a, b));
pause();
}
}while (choice !=’5');
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 146
void pause()
{
printf(“\n\nPress any key to contiun...”);
getch();
}
void menu()
{
clrscr();
printf(“\n1. Addition”);
printf(“\n2. Substration”);
printf(“\n3. Multiplication”);
printf(“\n4. Division”);
printf(“\n5. Exit”);
printf(“\n\nAny choice:”);
choice=getche();
}
int add(int x, int y)

{
return x+y;
}
int sub(int x, int y)
{
return x-y;
}
147 Turbo C
int mult(int x, int y)

{
return x*y;
}
float divide(int x, int y)
{
return(float) x / y;
}
avhusifhcef;(94)
190/ Pointer udk toHk;jyKNyD; rdrd½dkufxnfhay;aom trnfESifhtoufudk az:jyay;&ef
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct PERSON { char name[30];
int age;
};
void main()
{
PERSON *p;
p=new PERSON;
printf(“Enter name : “);
gets(p->name);
printf(“Enter age “);
scanf(“%d”,&p-> age);
clrscr();
uGefysLwmvufpJG 148
printf(“\nName : %s”,p->name);
printf(“\nAge : %d”,p->age);
delete p;
}
avhusifhcef;(95)
191/ ypönf;wpfck\ ta&twGufESifhaps;EIef;udk Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhNyD; pkpkaygif;
ypönf;wefbdk;udk wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
struct ITEM { int qty;
int price;
};
main()
{ clrscr();
int n,i,total=0;
ITEM item[100];
cout<<“How many item “;
cin>>n;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{ cout<<“Enter qty “;
cin>>item[i].qty;
cout<<“Enter price “;
cin>>item[i].price;
total +=item[i].price * item[i].qty;
}
149 Turbo C
cout<<“Total = “ <<total;
return 0;
}
avhusifhcef;(96)
192/ tcef;wpfck\tvsm;ESifhteHudk Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhay;NyD; tcef;\{&d,m
udk wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
struct DISTANCE
{
int feet;
int inches;
};
struct ROOM
{
DISTANCE length;
DISTANCE width;
};
void main()
{
clrscr();
ROOM dining;
cout<<“Enter length : “;
uGefysLwmvufpJG 150
cin>>dining.length.feet;
cin>>dining.length.inches;
cout<<“Enter with : “;
cin>>dining.width.feet;
cin>>dining.width.inches;
int l,w;
l=dining.length.feet *12 + dining.length.inches;
w=dining.width.feet *12 + dining.width.inches;
cout<<“Area is “<<l*w<<“ square inches “;
}
avhusifhcef;(97)
193/ rdrdod&Sdvdkaom Fibonacy udk Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhNyD; Fibonacy Sequence
udkd wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<conio.h>
int fibo (int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,n;
cout<<“Enter total no. of sequence “;
cin>>n;
for (i=0;i>n; i++)
cout <<fibo(i) <<endl;
}
151 Turbo C
int fibo (int n)

{
if (n= =0)return 0;
else if (n= =1)return 1;
else return fibo(n-1)+fibo(n-2);
}
avhusifhcef;(98)
194/ rdrdod&Sdvdkaom Factorial udk Keyboard rS ½du f nfNh y;D Factorial ude;f wefb;kd
k x
udkd wGufcsufay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<conio.h>
double factorial (int);
void main()
{ clrscr();
int n;
cout<<“Enter a number : “;
cin>>n;
cout<<n<<“!=” <<factorial(n)<<endl;
}
double factorial (int n)
{
if (n>1) return n*factorial(n-1);
else return 1;
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 152
avhusifhcef;(99)
195/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom *Pef;rsm;udk Dynamic Array xJodkYxnfhNyD;
4if;*Pef;rsm; i,fpOfBuD;vdkufpDay;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<iomanip.h>
void swap(int &, int &);
void sort(int *, int);
void input(int *, int);
void display(int *, int);
void main()
{
int *a;
int n;
cout<<“How many no. “;
cin>>n;
a=new int[n]; //dynamic array
input (a, n); // input data from keyborad
sort(a, n); // sort by ascending order
display(a, n); // display the sorted result
}
void input(int *b, int k)

{
int i;
for(i=0;i<k;i++)
{
153 Turbo C
cout<<“Enter data “;
cin>>b[i];
}
}
void display(int *b, int k)

{
int i;
for(i=0;i<k;i++)
cout<< b[i];
}
void sort(int *b, int n)

{
int i,k;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
for(k=0;k<n-i;k++)
if (b[k]>b[k+1]) swap(b[k],b[k+1]);
}
void swap(int &x, int &y)

{
int temp;
temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 154
avhusifhcef;(100)
196/ um;ta&mif;t0,fwpfckwGif yGJpm;(4)a,muf\ um;trsdK;tpm;tvdkuf
wpfa,mufpD a&mif;&aompkpak ygif;um;ta&twGuEf iS hf um;trsKd ;tpm; wpfcpk t
D vdu
k f
um;ta&twGufudk wGufcsuf&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int car[4][3];
int row[4]={0}, col[3]={0};
int r,c;
clrscr();
for (r=0; r<4;r++)
{
printf(“\n\nSaleman No =%d\n “, r+1);
for (c=0;c<3;c++)
{
printf(“\nNo. of cars for model no =%d : “,c+1);
scanf(“%d”,&car[r][c]);
row[r]+=car[r][c];
col[c]+=car[r][c];
}
}
printf(“\n\t\tCar Sale Report\n”);
printf(“\nSaleman Model1 Model2 Model3 Total\n”);
for (r=0;r<4;r++)
{
uGefysLwmvufpJG 155
printf(“\n%7d “,r+1);
for (c=0;c<3;c++)
printf(“%9d “,car[r][c]);
printf(“%9d “,row[r]);
}
printf(“\n===========================================”);
printf(“\n\n Total “);
for(c=0;c<3;c++)
printf(“%9d “,col[c]);
}
avhusifhcef;(101)
197/ For Loop toHk;jyKí Mu,frsm;jzihf axmifhrSefBwd*HyHk az:jy&ef atmufygtwdkif;
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
//Floyd Triangle
void main()
{ int i,k;
clrscr();
for (i=1;i<=20;i++)
{ for (k=1;k<=i;k++)
printf(“%3c”,’*’);
printf(“\n”);
}
}
uGefysLwmvufpJG 156
avhusifhcef;(102)
198/ For Loop toH;k jyKí *Pef;rsm;jzihf oH;k em;nDBw*d yH akH z:jyap&ef atmufygtwdik ;f
a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAXROW 10
main()
{
int lead=3 * MAXROW, row1,n,i;
int row[MAXROW];
clrscr();
row[0]=3;
for (n=1; n<MAXROW; n++)
row[n]=0;
for (row1=1; ; ++row1)
{
for (i=1; i<=lead; i++)
printf(“ “);
lead -=3;
for (n=0; n<row1;n++)
printf(“%6d”,row[n]);
printf(“\n”);
if (row1 == MAXROW) break;
for (n=row1; n>=1;—n)
row[n] +=row[n-1];
}
157 Turbo C
getch();
}
avhusifhcef;(103)
199/ Test.dat File twGif;&Sd 9? 10? 27? 35? 25? 65? 43? 68? 51? 72 Data rsm;\
Mean? Median? Range? Standard Deviation rsm;udk wGufcsufNyD;? &&Sdvmaom
tajzrsm;udk Test.out zdkifwGif odrf;qnf;&ef atmufygtwdkif; a&;om;Edkifygonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,n;
float sum,mean,temp,range,median,stdev, y[50];
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
clrscr();
fp1=fopen(“test.dat”,”r”);
fp2=fopen(“test.out”,”w”);
fscanf(fp1,”%d”,&n);
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
fscanf(fp1,”%f”,&y[i]);
sum=0;
for (i=1;i<=n;++i)
sum += y[i];
mean =sum/n;
for (i=1; i<=(n-1);++i)
for (j=1;j<=n;++j)
uGefysLwmvufpJG 158
if (y[i] > y[j])

{ temp=y[i];
y[i]=y[j];
y[j]=temp;
}
range= y[n] - y[1];
if ((n%2)!=0)
median = y[n/2+1];
else median=(y[n/2] + y[n/2+1])/2;
sum = 0;
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
sum +=pow((y[i] - mean),2);
stdev = sqrt(sum/(n-1));
printf(“Mean = %0.2f\n”,mean);
printf(“Median = %0.2f\n”,median);
printf(“Range = %0.2f\n”,range);
printf(“Std deviation = %0.2f\n”,stdev);
fprintf(fp2, “DATA :\n”);
fprintf(fp2,” n =%d\n”,n);
for (i=1; i<=n;++i)
fprintf(fp2, “%7.1f”,y[i]);
fprintf(fp2,”\n\nRESULT :\n”);
fprintf(fp2,”Mean = %0.2f\n”,mean);
fprintf(fp2,”Median = %0.2f\n”,median);
fprintf(fp2,”Range = %0.2f\n”,range);
fprintf(fp2,”Std deviation = %0.2f\n”,stdev);
}
159 Turbo C
avhusifhcef;(104)
200/ Myfile.dat zdkifwGif &Sdonfh Data rsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD;? ta&mif;qdkifwpfckwGif
f Myfile.out zdik w
ta&mif;pm&if;wGucf suí f iG f odr;f qnf;&ef atmufygtwdik ;f a&;om;
Edik yf gonf-
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define CN 4
#define PN 5
void main()
{
int ns, np, year,k, code=1;
float sa,table1[CN][3], table2[PN][3];
FILE *fp1, *fp2;
clrscr();
fp1 = fopen(“myfile.dat”,”r”);
fp2 = fopen(“myfile.out”,”w”);
for (k=0;k<3;k++)
{
for (ns=0;ns<CN;ns++)
table1 [ns][k]=0;
for (np=0;np<PN; np++)
table2 [np][k]=0;
}
fscanf(fp1,”%f %d %d %d”, &sa, &ns, &np, &year);
while(feof(fp1) ==0)
{ if ((ns>=1 && ns<=CN) && (np >=1 && np <=PN) &&
(year >=1994 && year <=1996))
uGefysLwmvufpJG 160
{ k=year -1994;
table1 [ns - 1][k] +=sa;
table2 [np - 1][k] +=sa;
}
fscanf (fp1, “%f %d %d %d”,&sa,&ns, &np, &year);
}
fprintf(fp2, “\n TABLE 1 : SALE AMOUNT BY COMPANIES”);
fprintf(fp2, “ IN 3 YEARS\n\n”);
fprintf(fp2, “****************************************”);
fprintf(fp2, “\n COMPANY 1994 1995
1996\n”);
fprintf(fp2, “**************************************\n”);
code = 1;
for (ns =0; ns<CN; ns++)
{
switch (code)
{ case 1: fprintf(fp2,” SONY “);
break;
case 2: fprintf(fp2,” TOSHIBA”);
break;
case 3: fprintf(fp2,” PHILIPS”);
break;
case 4: fprintf(fp2,” DAEWOO “);
break;
}
++code;
for (k=0; k<3; k++)
161 Turbo C
fprintf(fp2, “ %9.2f”,table1[ns][k]);
fprintf(fp2,”\n”);
}
fprintf(fp2,”******************************************\n\n”);
fprintf(fp2,”\n TABLE 2: SALE AMOUNT BY PROD-
UCTS”);
fprintf(fp2,” IN 3 YEARS\n\n”);
fprintf(fp2,”****************************************”);
fprintf(fp2,”\n PRODUCT 1994 1995
1996\n”);
fprintf(fp2,”*****************************************\n”);
code = 1;
for (np=0; np<PN; np++)
{
switch (code)
{ case 1: fprintf(fp2,” CAMERA “);
break;
case 2: fprintf(fp2,” TV “);
break;
case 3: fprintf(fp2,” AIRCON “);
break;
case 4: fprintf(fp2,” CASSETTE”);
break;
case 5: fprintf(fp2,” VIDEO “);break;
}
++code;
for (k=0; k<3; k++)
uGefysLwmvufpJG 162
fprintf(fp2,” %9.2f”,table2 [np][k]);

fprintf(fp2,”\n”);
}
fprintf(fp2,”***************************************\n\n”);
fcloseall();
}
201/ Myfile.dat zdkifwGif atmufygtwkdif; Data rsm; yg&Syd gonf-
100 1 2 1994
205 2 3 1995
250 1 1 1996
305 1 3 1996
255 2 1 1994
400 2 2 1995
550 3 3 1996
450 3 4 1995
255 3 2 1994
450 4 5 1996
500 2 5 1995
255 2 4 1996
230 3 4 1995
275 1 3 1994
450 4 5 1995
725 3 4 1996
425 2 3 1994
525 4 2 1994
625 1 5 1995
163 Turbo C
245 1 2 1996
300 4 4 1994
355 2 5 1994
202/ txuf y g y½d k * &rf u d k Run vd k u f y gu Myfile.out qd k o nf h zd k i f w G i f
atmufygtwdkif; az:jyay;ygrnf-
TABLE 1 : SALE AMOUNT BY COMPANIES IN 3

YEARS
*******************************************************
COMPANY 1994 1995 1996
******************************************************
SONY 375.00 625.00 800.00
TOSHIBA 1035.00 1105.00 255.00
PHILIPS 255.00 680.00 1275.00
DAEWOO 825.00 450.00 450.00
***************************************************
TABLE 2: SALE AMOUNT BY PRODUCTS IN 3 YEARS

****************************************************
PRODUCT 1994 1995 1996
****************************************************
CAMERA 255.00 0.00 250.00
TV 880.00 400.00 245.00
AIRCON 700.00 205.00 855.00
CASSETTE 300.00 680.00 980.00
VIDEO 355.00 1575.00 450.00
****************************************************

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1 Turbo C

Turbo C odkY pwif0ifa&mufjcif;

F1 Help F10 Menu

To Save a Program File

a&;om;owfrSwfay;&ygrnf/ Oyrm- DEFINE PI 3.141593 [k aMujimay;&rnf/

Compile the Source Program

Run the Program

C Data Type Range of Values

(c) Integer Constant qdo k nfrmS Variable wpfckwGif Assign vkyx

Data Input and Output

Using Printf Function

22/ Example 2.1 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

Using Scanf Function

25/ Example 2.2 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

Using Getchar Function

28/ Example 2.3 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

Using Getche Function

31/ Example 2.4 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

Using Getch Function

34/ Example 2.5 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

37/ Example 2.6 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

38/ Example Program udk Run rnfqy

[k Data udk Keyboard ½dkufxnfhay;&ef today;aom pmaMumif;ay:vmrnf/ xdktcg

Using Putchar Function

40/ Example 2.7 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

Using Gets Function

43/ Example 2.8 Program vkyaf qmifyt

(u) /* */ twGif; a&;om;xm;aompmaMumif;onf Program twGuf

Using Puts Function

46/ Example 2.9 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

48/ Example 2.10 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

51/ Example 2.11 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

54/ Example 2.12 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

55/ Example 2.12 Program udk Run rnfqy

Using Increment and Decrement

(+) toHk;jyKí Assign jyKvkyfNyD; Output Data jyay;jcif;jzpfygonf/

Using Arithmetic Operator

62/ If Statement udk atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyKa&;om;Edkifygonf-

63/ Example 3.1 Program vkyaf qmifyt

Positive ? Negative ESihf Zero Number rsm;ppfaq;jcif;

66/ Example 3.2 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq h ifu

68/ Example 3.3 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq h ifu

Using If ...Else Statement

70/ Example 3.4 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

72/ If ..Else toH;k jyKyu

73/ Example 3.5 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq h ifu

76/ Example 3.6 Program onf rdrd½dkufxnfhaom tp*Pef;ESifh aemufqHk;*Pef;

80/ Sentence wpfaMumif;wGif yg0ifaom Vowel ta&twGuf&Smaom Program

83/ For Looping udk toHk;jyKNyD; 1 rS 5 txd tvDZ,m; a&;om;jcif;udk atmufyg

84/ Example 3.8 program udk Run vdkufygu atmufygtwdkif; 1 rS 5 txd

85/ Example 3.8 Program vkyaf qmifyt kH qifq

ajrmufv'f 1 udk ½dkufay;ygonf/ xdkYaemuf j \ wefbdk;udk 1 wdk;NyD; 6

87/ While Statement a&;om;enf;wGif While aemuf&Sd Condition onf

Do... While Statement

89/ Do.. While Statement udk toHk;jyKaomtcg Looping wpfckudk ppcsif;

a&muf&Sdaeaom Function ESio hf m oufqikd yf gonf/ External Variable qdkonfrSm

zdkiftopfonf &SdNyD;om;jzpfaeygu zdkifta[mif;rS Data rsm; ysuo f mG ;

case 1: wage=4.0; break;

printf(“%s %0.2f %5d 0.2f\n”,name,price,units,price*units);

76/ Example 3.6 Program onf rdrd½dkufxnfhaom tpPef;ESifh aemufqHk;Pef;

/Pointer exchange sort/

/Character change to next character/

void swap(int x, int y)

187/ Keyboard rS ½dkufxnfhvdkufaom Pef;ESpfvHk; jyoí 4if;Pef;ESpfvHk;udk