Ryan Lai Math Presentations
Ryan Lai Math Presentations
Ryan Lai Math Presentations
John Forbes Nash, Jr. (born June 13, 1928) is an American mathematician whose works in game theory, differential geometry, and partial differential equations have provided insight into the forces that govern chance and events inside complex systems in daily life. His theories are used in market economics, computing, evolutionary biology, artificial intelligence, accounting, politics and military theory. Serving as a Senior Research Mathematician at Princeton University during the latter part of his life, he shared the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with game theorists Reinhard Selten and John Harsanyi. Nash is the subject of the Hollywood movie A Beautiful Mind. The film, loosely based on the biography of the same name, focuses on Nash's mathematical genius and struggle with paranoid schizophrenia.[1]HYPERLINK \l "cite_note-1"[2] In his own words, he states, I later spent times of the order of five to eight
months in hospitals in New Jersey, always on an involuntary basis and always attempting a legal argument for release. And it did happen that when I had been long enough hospitalized that I would finally renounce delusional hypotheses and revert to thinking of myself as a human of more conventional circumstances and return to mathematical research. In these interludes of, as it were, enforced rationality, I did succeed in doing some respectable mathematical research. Thus there came about the research for "Le problme de Cauchy pour les quations diffrentielles d'un fluide gnral"; the idea that Prof. Hironaka called "the Nash blowing-up transformation"; and those of "Arc Structure of Singularities" and "Analyticity of Solutions of Implicit Function Problems with Analytic Data". But after my return to the dream-like delusional hypotheses in the later 60's I became a person of delusionally influenced thinking but of relatively moderate behavior and thus tended to avoid hospitalization and the direct attention of psychiatrists. Thus further time passed. Then gradually I began to intellectually reject some of the delusionally
influenced lines of thinking which had been characteristic of my orientation. This began, most recognizably, with the rejection of politicallyoriented thinking as essentially a hopeless waste of intellectual effort.
10 Mathemeticians
Thales of Miletus Thales was also an astronomer; he invented the 365-day calendar, introduced the use of Ursa Minor for finding Pythagoras of Samos He is credited with being first to use axioms and deductive proofs, so his influence on Plato and Euclid may be enormous
Panini (of Shalatula) Panini's great accomplishment was his study of the Sanskrit language Zeno of Elea
Zeno, a student of Parmenides, had great fame in ancient Greece. This fame, which continues to the present-day, is largely due to his paradoxes of infinitesimals Hippocrates of Chios Archytas introduced "motion" to geometry, rotating curves to produce solids Eudoxus of Cnidus He also developed the earliest techniques of the infinitesimal calculus Aristotle of Stagira His writings on definitions, axioms and proofs may have influenced Euclid. He was also the first mathematician to write on the subject of infinity Euclid of Megara & Alexandria He founded the school of mathematics at the great university of Alexandria. He was the first to prove that there are infinitely many prime numbers Archimedes of Syracuse Archimedes made advances in number theory, algebra, and analysis, but is most renowned for his
many theorems of plane and solid geometry Apollonius of Perga His writings on conic sections have been studied until modern times; he invented the names for parabola, hyperbola and ellipse; he developed methods for normals and curvature.