Reductions Yesdil Yes Grammar Alinti
Reductions Yesdil Yes Grammar Alinti
Reductions Yesdil Yes Grammar Alinti
REDUCTION OF RELATIVE CLAUSES PRESENT PARTICIPLE (Ving) PAST PARTICIPLE(V3) BE + ADJECTIVE PHRASE BE + PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE TO + INFINITIVE
1) Present participle(Ving):
Relative clauseun yklemi active ise ksaltmada present participle kullanlr. Trkeye; the man running: koan adam the students studying: alan renciler the eagle flying: uan kartal eklinde evrilir.
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Mr. Carter, who passed his driving test, is very cheerful. (non-defining) Mr. Carter, passing his driving test, is very cheerful. Julia, who has lived in Eskiehir since last year, is content with her life. Julia, having lived in Eskiehir since last year, is content with her life. Sally, who had lost her job, was upset. Sally, having lost her job, was upset.
2) Past participle(V3):
Relative clauseun yklemi passive ya da participle adjective ise ksaltmada past participle kullanlr. Trkeye; the thief caught: yakalanan hrsz the book published: yaymlanan kitap the man awarded: terfi edilen adam the children excited about ...: heyecanl olan ocuklar(participle adjective) the car being washed: ykanan araba/ykanyor ola araba (continuous tenses) the room being painted: boyanan oda/boyanyor olan oda eklinde evrilir.
3) Be + adjective phrase:
Bu blme Be + the, a(n), my, your, one gibi baz belirteleri de ekleyebiliriz. The children who were happy about the picnic were full of excitement.
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The children
Cigarette which is bad for ones health should be avoided. Cigarette bad for ones health should be avoided. My house, which is bigger than yours, has a wonderful view. My house, bigger than yours, has a wonderful view. Ankara, which is the capital city of Turkey, is also a major trade center. Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, is also a major trade center. Mr. Clark, who is a farmer, has many goats. Mr. Clark, a farmer, has many goats. Fenerbahe, which is my favorite team, transfers costly footballers every year. Fenerbahe, my favorite team, transfers costly footballers every year. Cindy, who is one of my best friends, will be delighted when she opens the present. Cindy, one of my best friends, will be delighted when she opens the present.
4) Be + prepositional phrase:
The students who are in the classroom are waiting for their teacher. The students in the classroom are waiting for their teacher. The girl who is at the door will probably ask for your help. The girl at the door will probably ask for your help. The poor cat which is across the road needs feeding. The poor cat across the road needs feeding. My nightingale, which is in the cage, sings beautifully all the time. My nightingale, in the cage, sings beautifully all the time.
5) To + infinitive:
The first, the second, the third, the next, the last, the only gibi ifadelerden sonra ve superlativelerden sonra relative clause to do biiminde ksaltlabilir. zkan was the last student who handed in his project. zkan was the last (student) to hand in his project. (zkan projesini teslim eden en son renciydi.) Neil Armstrong was the first man who set foot on the moon. Neil Armstrong was the first (man) to set foot on the moon. (Neil Armstrong aya ayak basan ilk insand.) Nazan was the only student who hadnt done her homework. Nazan was the only student not to have done her homework.(perfect participle) Ali is the strongest contestant who takes part in this competition. Ali is the strongest contestant to take part in this competition. Relative clauseun yklemi passive ise ksaltmada passive infinitive to be done kullanlr. The last person that can be appointed to investigate these complaints is Mr. Jackson. The last person to be appointed to investigate these complaints is Mr. Jackson.
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It was the best route that could be followed at the time. It was the best route to be followed at the time. It was the first film that had been censored by government agencies. It was the first film to have been censored by government agencies.(perfect participle) To + infinitive biimindeki ksaltmay kabiliyet, zorunluluk, gereklilik gibi kiplik ieren sfat tamlamalarndan ve something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, etc. gibi szcklerden sonra kullanabiliriz. I need a friend whom I can trust. I need a friend to trust. (Gvenebileceim bir arkadaa ihtiyacm var.) A person who can kill an animal for pleasure is ruthless. A person to kill an animal for pleasure is ruthless. (Bir hayvan spor iin ldrebilen kii zalimdir.) I have much homework that I should do. I have much homework to do. (Yapmam gereken ok ev devim var.) The students are asking me many questions that must be answered. The students are asking me many questions to be answered. (renciler bana cevaplanmas gereken ok sorular soruyor.) We need to hold a meeting to discuss the measures which should be taken. We need to hold a meeting to discuss the measures to be taken. (Alnmas gereken nlemleri konumak zere bir toplant yapmamz gerekiyor.) I can recommend you something that you can read. I can recommend you something to read. (Sana okuyacak bir eyler nerebilirim.) We have nothing that we can talk about. We have nothing to talk about. To + infinitive biimindeki ksaltma will in ksaltmas olarak Trkeye ecek, acak olarak evrilir. The person who will work for us should be able to speak at least three languages fluently. The person to work for us should be able to speak at least three languages fluently. (Bizimle alacak olan kiinin en azndan dili akc bir ekilde konuabilmesi gereklidir. The question which will be asked should be difficult enough to disqualify some of the applicants. The question to be asked should be difficult enough to disqualify some of the applicants. To + infinitive ayrca ama belirtmek iin kullanlr. Bu durumda in order to / so as to / in an effort to / in an attempt to yaplar to + infinitivee eittir ve Trkeye iin olarak evrilir. To switch off, press red button. (Kapamak iin, krmz dmeye bas.) He needs to study hard in order to improve his speaking skill. (Konuma becerisini gelitirmek iin sk almaya ihtiyac var.) She got up early so as to have time to pack. (Bavulunu toplamaya zaman kalmas iin erken uyand.)
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I watched them carefully in an effort to learn more about the new recruits. He moved to a new flat in an attempt to be near his work. ngilizcede for + object + to + infinitive yaps da sklkla kullanlmaktadr. In order for him to pass the exam, he should study daily. (Onun snav gemesi iin gndelik almas gerekir.)
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