Ustrial: Ester
Ustrial: Ester
E LECTR IC STE EL F U R N A CE . betll'ce ll th e sla g " "d t lu- molt e n s t ee l, all d f'u rt he r, by locali zi n g
th " h" at , sr 't~ u p ,'oll l,,'l'l iou «u r're rrts in t he me t a l which tend t o
T he re is sho rtly to h e insta ll c rl at , tl w ~o ntil \\' o rl' s o f th e ill, ' rC'tls{' t o a s til l /.(1'I'a l<'r ,'x t"lIt till' rapidity o f t he c ho m ica l
A rueri ea n Stee l & Wi re Co rn pu ny in t h is ,'i ly a 1';('(',' o r a pllfll'a tns rl 'ac-tjo!ls whit·!J H IT (ll·purring. Wh e n t he JlJ'( h' (, 8 ~ o f I'pfiuin g' is
t he perf'o rma ut-e o f wh ich w iJJ be wu tvh cd wi r h til'.' gI'C;lt('st , i nt e- r "Olll l' ll' t l', t hc r-urre nl is i nterrup te.! and t he m olt en s t ee l is
es t by t h e stee l-ma king in .lu s t ry of tile r'ooutl'y- n alllcly , n u l'ou l'cd i n t o a lad le , 10 I,,' "asl int o i ngots ,
ele ct r ic s te el f lll'llaee of l:l rge " a pa d t y_ Th is f urna ce is « uo o f Alt h oll~h t h e electr ic t u r nu co hn s been used j n su bst a nti u l ly o ne
t wo whi ch arc b e in g ius ta lk«! by th e l Iuit r-d ::1tatl' ~ ::1l e,,1 Cor pu rn of it s I'J'I's ,' n l. f o r ms f or " nu mb, ']' of ye a rs, it is o n ly very
t io n ; th e ot he r hei ll~ loca t r-d at t he ::-;onth ( 'hi,'ago \\'u r l,s o f t hc rCI'(' u t l,v t ha t i t h ,, ~ (,lI1 prged from t he e sse n t ia lly e xpe ri rnen tn l s ta g e
I ll i no is S t E'l'1 Co m pa ny , ' i nt o :i d ('I'i n ' of rea l iml ust r iu l va lue. Extend ed resea rch in th e
In til e o pen -he n rt h I"'o ,' ''·~ field of e lec t ro mc t al lu r gy ,
of ma n u ta c turi ng s t e el, w h ich h a s b p,," go i ng a ll
whi c h is [! O W HO ~ cn ('ni lly fo r a n uru b er o f years , h a s
e m p loyed , it ha s 101lg' b ec u a ll poi nted to t he elect r ir
r eali zed t hat ce r ta in ' in he r f'n r nace fo r s te e l m a k i ug as
e nt difl ir-ul t ies i n th e r emov a hi ghly -Ies i ra b lc pi ece of
al of i nj ur io us clem en ts ex a ppa ra t.us . '11,,, cost o f
ele c t r ic c u rrr-n t a s g e llel'll t ed
ist ed whi ch co uld 1I 0 t b e
und er ordi na ry «oud i t.iou s
o verco me ill t he o rd iua ry
t hro ug h th e IIledi ulll o f bui l
co nu ne rc in l process, Tm ers an d st ea m eng in r-s ha s,
po r tan t "mo llg t hese i nju ho we ve r, be r-n a s e rio us
ri ou s ele me n ts is s u lp h u r , d ru wha e k 10 i t s a .l o pt.i ou on
wh ich is pxt rc ml'l)' d itlic ul t anythin g lik e a co uune rcia l
to l'limi nate , la rgely o u ac st-a le . R e" Pllt d PI'plo p u,e n ts
cou n t of t he limi t ed t e rn o f t ue g as e ng ilie, pa rti cu
p erature w hich can b e ,II" lady i n it s applicat.ion to
velop ed in t.hi s process. th e lis e of b la st- f'u rna ce gas
M ore o ver, th e fla me used fo r a nd th e inc rea sed u tiliza t ion
mel t.i ng , whi ch is g en (' ra 11y o f wu t er po wer throughou t
p rod uced hy g as 0 1' oi l, is th o co u nt rv, ha ve all t pn d e,l
in i t self 'lik ely to contu i n to 1011'('1' t.he " os t o f clectrie
s ul ph u r, whi ch tc n.l s t.o i n PO\\'l'" to a poin t whe re i t
crease ra th er t ha n red uce ""'1' he used t o su ch a d va n
t.he ru uo un t o f th is ele m e n t t agp ill llIe t allurgi ea l P I' O
i n t he molten st eel. Tf'. e...sse s t.hat t he electrie fu r
U ;1\'P 110 \\ ' bids fa ir seri ous ty
t herefore, it is d esired [.,
prod uce steel, w h ic h i n it s to ri va l t he Be ss e me r tOU
fin ish ed s t at e I1I Ust , he CO lli' 1'(')'t,,1' a nd t he o pe n- he ar t h
pa ra t ively free f'rru u sul f'urn ace,
phur , wh ich is very d es ira Th e U n ited S t a t es S teel
b le, it is uoccs sa rv t o intro Co rpo r" t io n, realizin g t.hat.
d uco o nly stocks 'w h ic h CO II it sh ou l') tak e th e lea d i n
t ai n very li lllit cd a mo u n ts th e iut.ro.l uc t iou of t hi s t y pe
of t h is ele me n t , Th is is o f f'u rna co i n t he U n ite d
esnpr:i"JJy tru e iu t he so S t ates , ""q lli re,) t he r ig lils
ca l led a c id pro cess. t o i nstul! th e I lcroul t f u r
In t he ele ct ri c f'urnu cc, lI "C P , whi ch b as b een ril'
011 t he othe r ha u.l , t hc ter n vclu pcd i " ~l l l a ll u nits ill
perat ure s whi ch are o b Eu rop e, wh e r e th er e a re i n
ta i ne d a rc e xt r" o n l illHri ly o pe ra t io n a n u mb e r o f f u r
h igh, and at t.),psc high naeC's o f cflp al'i ty JlL' r e r e X
temp era turl's t he rC1l101"111 o f ceedi ng five to ns , Th e Ca l"
s u i piIII 1', e \'"n ill Inrgc p a ra t ion decided t o b u i Id
q uantit.i es , t a k es pla ce very t wo of tI)('5 0 1 11 rn ;lcE'~ illl me ·
ra p i(lIy , th e r esll it i n g prod Il iale ly, 111 sel ecting t he
IICt b e i II g \'er)' IIIll<'h Jess T Il E _?m\\' Il E I: OULT E LECT RiC Fl' H ~ .\ (,E .\ T " ~ I Etn C .\ N :-T EEL & I)' U:E II OHK!", l,w a t iar's it wa s <] lIit.e lIat,
con t a lllina t ed wi th this in IIn l t ha t "n e f nl'na ce at
j llr iolls e le me n t t ha II s t Pp" w hi e h it is I,,",s i Ilk to ]"',,,III('e ill th e le a st s lio llld h I' pl"c ('d at a pl a n t II'h pl'e e xc e p t io l 1a lly
op e ll-h ea rt.h 1'llr ll" ee. hig'li grades uf stl 'r-I are ll sed. Si llCP t his t'ul"n:H'c is
] n t he p r ocess o f treati ng ' stc(' ] i ll t he cl('l'tl' ic flll'n a ce a s "I'(l i· p"rticl";"I." a d n p t ...d for ma ili ng- s lll' h a p ro 'lnc !. [ na s nlll c h a s t.h e
narily e n' p loye,J , tll p nl"tal i s first I",'lt ('d in a h us ic open ·lwarlh " ' Ol'('pst cr mills o f 1Ill' Co r por"t io n arc "ngaged in t.he man u f a c ·
f l1l'nar: e of t.he t il tin g typ e, and is 1''' " 1'( '<1 , " 'hill' in " JIlilll c.ll stat l' , tnre 01' a I'a r ;"d liJI(' o f p rodn ct s, nea d y a ll of wh ic h necessita t.e
i nto t he e lec t r ic f llrn ar'e , t og'ct lH'f' wit h t Il(' p roper ingl'(' dic llt s f or t hc IISC' of ~ l cc l o f h igh qn nJ it y. l-1w Co r jlo ra t ion offic ia ls were
f o rmin g t.he s la g , wh ic h is nec('s sar,l' f or I he o p('ra tio ll, 1' 1)(' inl'iincd 10 f a vor t his lo('a tion . p ro vidin g a s o u rc e of c he,l p elec t ric:
ele ct ri c c u rrent. wh ir'h is i n t "od uce rl in l il t h" f lll'nat" h y II,ea n s o f po,,-(' r ('a uld 1)(' o b t a i ne d, Th e sol n t.io n o f t h is la U e r p robl pllI
la r g e ca r b o n e]ectrolles , is t lll'n tl lln (',1 a ll a n d th e ('Iectro dps Jo\\' a p pea re,l to li e in t he ad o ptio n of ele dri" po lI'er as f Ul'Ilished b)'
e red uTltil an arc is 1'01'1 III'll , Th e arc pro' hH'es all in te nse h eat at t he Co n n ect ic u t R i "e r Power COlll pa ny frolll it.s h.l',ho ·el ec t.ric d e
t he e lect. rod es wh ic h f a cili ta tes th e c he lll ica l r ea cti on s ta king place ve lopm ent o n t he Co nn ecti c n t River a t V ern on, V ermo nt, H ad
.....
ILlL I'H L , ;I!OHC: ,IN, HE :\RY E , \\'llJTCOMB , ,10 1-[ ;\ R, Fl.I CK , _\ , I;, (; Hl1 '\D ELL ,
Pn ",;,j,ll.' II L 'fr" ' bll l'{'r H lI d ). fil llagt' I' , ~ I I P I\ I' ; ' l l t ' , , / l t" l t Sr ' f'ld il I"y °
1' h p Iul uir-nt.ion is :1 eOIlJl:i u ,, 1io u o f th e ~ p l "s h a n d cc ntri f'u I,, 'en ~ lI h .i, · (,t"'.l. 11. (',u n be o pcrn h -d, it
is ela imf'd, wi rh g-rcal"r
ga l ~y ~tt' m;;, an<l i ~ hi ghly ,'l1i,'i('nl , i n that t lie o il w h i ch l n hr i (\ (O( IIl OJl\\' 1'11:111 .m v 01- 11 (,1' t ru r-k th e IH Hl'tH 't, a llcl t h e clC'llI all.1
J) OW 0 11
, 'n. t p~ t he mov i ng p.ut s uevr -r co nu -s in «o n ta c t w i t h t h e hot 1'0" t.",,' 111:\(-1 Iilie,' ;s a ll'ea d y so gl'(·,lt rlm t i rs lIIark etill !!: is assul'pd
g-a s('~ un ti l it h a s do ue its work . Th ere is :1 trou g-h o n th e h om the s t a r t.
in~i <l e of th r p is to n, with hok s ,hi11 ",1 fr om th P. ho t t om of i t n t 'rhe f;w tol',I' is 1 ;')0 hy ,,0 f ('e t. thl 'e(' st o r- ie s , wit.h a n (' 11 , gil' ing
a n a n g lp of f ort.y-fi v e <l e gref s to th e out or W:1 J! o f th " p ist o n , n n " sse lllh ly 100111 ::,';0 1<'et lOllI', !·'i ft,I" 1,1" n wi l! h p e Tlip loy "d
t hus slll ' rn<liu~ t he eylin ,lPr wall s with f rcs h oi l n nd in s uri n g at til,' st a rt hesi d "s r hr- o tfi"e t o reo, alld it j ~ "x pe<- ter l t ha t ,')0 0
I"'rfed, Iu lu-ir-a tio u . ('a I's wi l l h i' tll nH'd out t he Jirst y" al',
T'I«- t ank s in t llr H.oy al n r r o f "x ,' ell " n t ,k ~ ig n , 'I' hp y ar c tw o
in num b t-r :1I1 (1 :ll' P m ad e of s(' aJHl e ~ s .lrnwn brass tnbin g'. of LITTLE C& PRENTICE , ILLUSTRATORS,
I,(' av y gHlIgr. hi g-hly n ic k el -pla tod . 1'h"s " t wo ta nk s a re a h so
l ut elv s P.paraj'e I\llll th o oi l t auk t."l ('s('ope~ int o the g aso l in e Til t" \Y()I ' (O (~ ~ t t'1' ~\ r ; l ~ ' l jI'o i ll t' tu kr -s mur-h p( C';)SlIl'(\ in (O; d ling' n t.ton
tn n k , t hu x fo rm i ng :1 co mhi n a t io u of t ank s o f gr eat c-apac-it,v ti on ill t h is i:-i . .w p to rlu- ('.'itnhli shllll 'llt. of a ue-vv l;OlH'c r n i n t his
:1 11<1 s t re n gt h, w i t ho n t t h« sli ght. e s t ,lnog N o f l ea ka gc . «ir y d el'ot. ('rl to W' " ('ra l I'"hli ,' ity \\'01'1" es p"ci a ll ~ ' a lo llg illll s t.rat in g
'I'h e p ng-i ne is v e r y we l l m uffl c.l . i ne !u, l i n g i n i ts makeu p lin es. ' l'lll ' ('()J;("'I'II i, t hu t of Li ttl.- .\; PI '('nl ' i,,(', :Ii, 4Hi 81" ter
sOllld h ing o u t i re lv nell' to m o t orc y cl e s , a u ex pa nsio n e h n.mh c r hnildi ll:?:o rrhi ~ firm tllal< C' ~ a ~ Jl ('( O l:.1I1 - y of or i g il lat i ng <ul v(,l' t i si ng
o f sr-v e n t i m e s th o cy liJl ,ler r a pn c i t.y, u n d e r the mo t or ba s e . idc l fl~, hlll lj~li ing' uot only t ll(, i ll ust ra t io n x, luu i ll man y t°}lS('S
wh er e t he gHS" S e x pa nd , t hen coo l, pa ss in g' t ln'o u g h t.h e muffl er t" e \'r "ding nui t tor as lI el1. III t his 1I0 ik t " I'y folio\\' no h,'aten
u n.h-r th eir "WI] i ui tinI v eloci ty, with ou t pi s t on ha ck pl'e s sur c , IT;1l'I< , h u t t h.-v .ri m a t till ' s tl' iki ng . th" u nu su a l a nd t he imp re s
Th e igni ti on i ~ hy th e Jl o s"b lila g n l'l O, w hi c h is d r i v r-n f ro m s i ve in "JI rhn t t" "y do , '11- is not ot t.-u t hu t t wo y Ollng m r-u with
th« c n m s haft h y a n e n cl o s ed he vel g e m ', T he make rs had t he s uc h ta lou t r-u n h e " " 'll red f or th o ,'o lllu " ,,',',ia l s id r- of ar t. a s
,; el plwn t "d B row n & H a r lo w COlll pa n y o f Birlllin gham, En g' M essrs, Li ttlo & PIPllti("" !-lolll stu ,li ...d a t tlt e 1';1'; " Pn p c Sch o ol
lanel , ma ke t he lll " (';II' h n re to1' fr om t.hei r o w n <l es i gll s , an (l it in B ost on, "n ,l aft ,,1' ,)11', }'I' Pllt i<- (" , )'"llIrn fr om Eul'opc, whero
is, ; nrl "r,l , an " x ,' eJlt' nt oll e , fo r it h ns s ho wn o ne hun (1re rl a n rl he s t u(li e,l \lnd cl' t"e hp s t 1l 1 ~ ste l s ill hot h \1'l11i('l1 :lIll1 Pal' i ~ . th cY
~ig htY ·f,\(' \·e ll mil e ~ to t h p g'a Jloll o f gaso l i ne , f onn rd t h" pal' tll{'l s" ip a llu d " d to :d, 0 I'r', ' "
Ofl(~ o f t he last hn t m ost ,'s scnti al fe :l t u res o f th is m o t Ol' B oth me n hale 1JI:lnit'.. ~l e d llll \lS\l" I t:.ll"nt. f or figure ,ha w i ng,
e,\'(' le is the ne w spr ing f " ri<, 'J' hi s in e111 ,les in i t s ma k eup mol'l' a ll,l t"",l esigll s tl"lt t lll' y 1t;1\-" pl'odu",'d for thr ('on"0rns f Ol'tu n<1t c
t.ha n hl' o f c "t o f the li ncst t( ' llll )('1'(',l s pri ng- wi re, in two s hoe ]; ell on g h to S(,(' IIl,' th eir se n- i,',,,s 11:,,'(' lIl ;]nif e ~l<''' a f l'ee d o!l\, ;1
absor hing- sp rings o f d jff (l]'('JJl t ('llsj OtlS :l nil on e ] arg{~ rc·h ou n(l \'i g or and all flrtis ti(' fini ~h I!lOst llll llSll:tl in t-l l(\sn ll ay s or
s p r ing_ Thi s f 01'k a hso rl ls a ll v i hra tion s a nd n llows th e ha nelle tlif' (oO IH'f'nt io llal. til t> lah ored a lld till' I\niJl l:lg"iJl:lt i \'C' i ll (' O lll
1\I(,I','i,,1 ar t ,
ba r s t o r e nHli n ~ t a t i o 11H ry , no ma tter ho ll' se ver e th e j ar , Jt is,
C
as it s l ll n), €,: n ;; say, {' the J a ~t w Ol'<l in ]Il xuri otl s n(' s ~ ." [n t h is ei t )' III, Pl'" '0 lnan )' t llllllS:ln <1s of d ollars :ur e' l' rn d ed
:J 11on :1 Ily fo l' b,'ol<1 l't s , ra t.:dogu ('s , a ud lit IJ,' I' form s of p uh lic it.y
Th e m nch ;n"s ar c g iv e n OIlC of th e h a"dest t e st s p ossihl e, i n
\\'ork, thc ]'e' i ~ :1 "'id (' ti ('l(l f or 1-\\' 0 youn g' IIl ell with Llle gP llil1 ~
o rrl er t o in~ ure 1'1'01'''1' ;Hl j lls t me n t of par t s a n ,l de v elop thr
h igh pst e ffic ie llc y _ 'rh e t est tr i p i ~ j"1r t y-t h ree mil e s lon g , a nd
t aler s in tlip stiffest gra<l" s in thr vi cini t y o f ,V orc est "r, in c1u '-l
ing t.ha t m ost diffi cul t of g rn, les , T,,,i cp s t e r H ill, w h ieh ,i t h a s
t al'en at SlllW ~ l' ep(l s a n,l :it o n'r t ll' e n t ,l' m i le s p C'l' !Jon I' wi tl,
t he g rea t e s t r e gul arit,\' a nd r ;l sr, wi t holl t an y ped a l a ssist an cc,
A s a n e xalll p le o f a hi ghly <leve lop e d typ e o f gaso l i n e e ng i l]{',
Ih e lll" eh an i" nl en giJll ','rS of Ih(' IV,)J'('('st,,] , 1'"Jy t.echnic .L ns t i
tute W('l'e p lea sed to g il'(' ;1 oI ,·t.ail eoi ledu r e alld d('m on sl ,r n ti oll
of th e R oyal engin e lwfor r a lar" e ;In,li ('n!' e of 'r ""h st nll (' n ts ,
7 H . P . GREEN DALE
av era ge shot' dea le" lm llws :ls Iit t le a bo ut. " ha t t o roi-ouuu en .l
The .... GREENDALE . . 4-cyc1e
as t.he perso n se"l'in g rel ief kl1<>\I'S wher e to 1001, f or it. 'l'h ousa nd s jump-spark. fool-proof
up on tho usan ds of dolla rs ila ve been I'a i,l out bv people who
thought t hey wen ' trouhled w ith rheu ma t is m ,,,HI n ", n ~' more a r"
to-day payi np: big mon ey fo r ha l'i ug: pla st Cl' cas ts of the i r feet
GAS ENGINE
ta ken from which to have SU PPOl'ts ma d«, wi th t he only result for a variety of power purposes
of more pa in a nd su ffer ing, " Se nd fo r c ata logu e to D e pt P
Mr. Case does not beli eve in poi nrcd toes , h igh heels a nd shoes
mad e o n un natur a l la st s, b ut. .lnes be lieve in 'f oolll'e,.II' mad e in
th e most. scie ntific mann er, with a su ppo rl: f or the fo ot a lrea dy
GREENDALE GAS ENGINE CO.
bu il t i nto t he sh ~ '. Th e Royat Worcestvr Are h S uppor t ing Sh oe is :"ft:td e in \\' o r c f'",ter.