Bahasa Indonesia: A Quick Look at The Language Margaret Shugart Spring 2008

Bahasa Indonesia
A quick look at the language

Margaret Shugart
Spring 2008
Bahasa is the Indonesian
word for “language”!
It applies to all languages:
Bahasa Inggris- English language

Bahasa Cina- Chinese language
Bahasa Belanda- Dutch language
Beginning “Bahasa
Indonesia”!
  Learning the basics of spoken, informal
Indonesian may be easier than many other
languages
  No conjugation of verbs for pronouns, genders,

numbers or tenses
  No tonal requirements
  All letters are pronounced
  He and she are the same word
For Example!
  Makan means “to eat”
  Saya makan- I am eating
  Saya makan kemarin- I ate yesterday
  Dia makan besok- She is eating tomorrow
  Dia akan makan besok- He will eat
tomorrow
As you learn more
Indonesian…!
You find that it is
Expression is shown through
Word order
Suffixes
Prefixes
Word Order!
Much of the meaning in Indonesia is
expressed with emphasis. This is
particularly clear in word order.
Kita pergi ke pasar, kan?
We are going to the market, right?
Kan, kita pergi ke pasar.

You know we are going to the market!
Jam berapa?
What time is it?
Berapa jam?
How many hours?
Suffixes
•  Suffixes are added to word order to create
different meanings
•  They modify objects
•  Two examples:
- i (eee)
- kan (kaun)
(Usually these words take a form of meng- as a prefix, but for

simplicity sake, we will leave it off)
i!
Refers to the recipient of an action:
•  Anda duduk
•  You are sitting
•  Anda menduduki kursi

•  You are sitting on a chair
•  The chair receives the action of you
sitting
  Mereka datang
  They came
  Mereka mendatangi rumahnya

  They came to his house
 The house receives the action of
them coming
kan!
Refers to doing something for something or
someone
•  Anda masuk ke rumahnya
•  You entered his house
•  Anda memasukkan mejanya

•  You brought in the table
•  It was your action the enabled the table
to be entered
  Saya bawa buku-buku saya.
 I carried my books
  Saya bawakan buku-bukunya
 I carried his books (for him)
Few words with many meanings!
So you can use these endings to change the

root word in many ways
This includes adjectives and nouns

Examples!
  Tanaman: plant
  Saya punya dua tanaman
  I have two plants
  Saya tanami sawahnya
  I am planting the rice field
  The field is receiving my planting
  Saya tanam pohonnya
  I am planting the tree
  I am planting the tree
  Tidur- sleep (n) and to sleep (v)
  Dia tidur nyenyak
  She slept well
  Dia tidurkan anaknya
  She put the child to sleep
  Dia tiduri sofa
  She slept on the sofa
Prefixes!
Some prefixes change the meaning of the
root word and some do not
Ter-!
One of meaning of ter- is to do something
accidentally
•  Tinggal- to stay
•  Tertinggal- to leave accidentally
•  Bawa- to take
•  Terbawa- to take accidentally
Pe- an!
Changes a verb into a noun
•  Kerja- to work
•  Pekerjaan- job
•  Tanya- to ask
•  Pertanyaan- question
Se !
Can mean one or in the same place
•  Rumah- house
•  Serumah- one house, or in one house
•  Teman serumah- housemate
•  Perempat- quarter
•  Seperempat- one quarter (quarter past 3:00pm)
Your turn!!
  Indonesian is a friendly language
  When speaking, it’s important and fun to
smile and be pleasant
  Has its own inflections, almost like a

song
  Apa kabar?
Introductions!
Saya means both “I” and “My”
  Nama saya Brenda

  My name is Brenda
  I like cats
  Saya suka kucing
  I am a student
  Saya mahasiswa
Introduction Continued!
  Apa kabar?
  How are you? (Literally- What news?)
  Baik-baik
  Well
  Terima kasih!
  Thank you!
  And you?
  Dan anda?
Other pronouns!
  You- Anda
  He/ She- Dia
  They- Mereka
  We (including speaker) - Kita
  We (excluding speaker)- Kami
Origins!
  Saya dari Texas
  I am from Texas
  Mereka dari Colorado

  They are from Colorado
  Dia dari Indonesia

  She is from Indonesia
Preferences!
  Suka- to like
  Saya suka apel
  I like apples
  Tidak- negation for verbs

  Saya tidak suka merah
  I don’t like red
Practice!!
Let’s try some introductions!
  Turn to the person next to you and shake their
hand. Say your name.
  Next time, try introducing yourself in Indonesian
  Nama saya …
  Say where you are from
  Saya dari…
  Ask them how they are
  Apa kabar?
  Tell them how you are. Good?
  Baik-baik
More practice!!
  Take a few minutes to try some
Indonesian sentences talking about
what you like and what you do.
  If you are brave, try some sentences

with other pronouns or people in your
family.
Other vocabulary!
  nice- baik   university professor- dosen
  smart- pintar   teacher- guru
  cute- lucu   doctor- dokter
  hard working-rajin   mother- ibu
  shy- pemalu   father- bapak
  cheerful- periang   older sibling- kakak
  warm- hangat   younger sibling- adik
  student (elmentary-HS)- siswa   friend- teman
  housewife- ibu rumah tangga   you- Anda
  house husband- bapak rumah   he/she- dia
tangga   they- mereka
  business owner- wiraswasta   we (inclusive)- kami
  work in an office- bekerja di   we (exclusive)- kita
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Bahasa Indonesia

A quick look at the language

It applies to all languages:

Bahasa Inggris- English language

 No conjugation of verbs for pronouns, genders,

Kan, kita pergi ke pasar.

(Usually these words take a form of meng- as a prefix, but for

• Anda menduduki kursi

 Mereka mendatangi rumahnya

• Anda memasukkan mejanya

So you can use these endings to change the

This includes adjectives and nouns

 Has its own inflections, almost like a

 Nama saya Brenda

 Mereka dari Colorado

 Dia dari Indonesia

 Tidak- negation for verbs

 If you are brave, try some sentences

You might also like

  No conjugation of verbs for pronouns, genders,

•  Anda menduduki kursi

  Mereka mendatangi rumahnya

•  Anda memasukkan mejanya

  Has its own inflections, almost like a

  Nama saya Brenda

  Mereka dari Colorado

  Dia dari Indonesia

  Tidak- negation for verbs

  If you are brave, try some sentences