Lab 1 Internet Basic Tools
Lab 1 Internet Basic Tools
Lab 1 Internet Basic Tools
Requirement:
Internet Explorer 6.0 and above Internet Connection Personal Web Server (PWS) / Internet Information Server (IIS)
THE TOOLBARS IE 6.0 and above has two toolbars at the top of the browser window:
Menu Bar: Contains menu items that open up dropdown lists or related options. Among the items are options for printing, customizing IE 6.0 and above, copying and pasting text, managing Favorites, and accessing Help. Navigation Toolbar: Contains icons for a variety of features including navigating among Web pages, searching the Web using a selection of search tools, accessing and managing Favorites, viewing a History of visited pages, printing, and accessing email and newsgroups.
HOW TO ACCESS RESOURCES ON THE WEB WITH IE 6.0 AND ABOVE 1. If you have the URL (address) of a Web page Type the URL to go directly to the page. IE 6.0 and above gives you two ways of doing this.
Type the URL in the Address bar at the top of the screen. To accomplish this, click on the Address bar to highlight the current URL. Then type in the new URL and press the Enter key. Click on File/Open at the top left of the screen. A pop-up window will appear with a text entry window. Within that window, type the URL of the file you wish to retrieve. Press the Enter key. 2. If you are on a Web page Click on
words or images which change the shape of the mouse pointer from an arrow to a hand and display a URL on the bottom of the screen when the mouse pointer is placed over it the blue words on the display screen the purple words on the display screen (the purple color indicates that the resource has been recently accessed on your terminal) Note: The color blue is generally the default color for text that contains a link, and purple is the default color for text representing a link that has been visited in the recent past. Nowadays, Web page creators are coloring their links in all sorts of ways. The best way to figure out which text represents a link is to position your mouse over the words and see if the pointer shape changes from an arrow to a hand. The hand represents a link. 3. If you want to use pre-installed links IE 6.0 and above offers a collection of Web sites in its Favorites collection. Click on Favorites on either the text bar or the tool bar at the top of the screen to access these resources.
NAVIGATING THE WEB WITH IE 6.0 AND ABOVE IE 6.0 and above allows you to move back and forth among the Web pages that you visit during a session. To go back to previous sites:
Click on the small Back left arrow on the navigation bar near the top left corner of your screen. Each time you click on this arrow, you will return to the next previous site that you visited. If you hold your mouse over the Back arrow, the title of the upcoming page will briefly appear. To skip farther back, click on the small black triangle to the right of the word Back. This will bring up a list of pages you have visited. Click on any one of these choices to return to the desired page. This is the equivalent of clicking on the Back arrow several times.
To move forward:
When you have returned to previous sites with the Back arrow, you can go forward again by clicking on the small right-pointing arrow next to the Back arrow. If you hold your mouse over this arrow, the title of the upcoming page will briefly appear. To move farther ahead, click on the small black triangle to the right of the Forward arrow in the menu bar at the top of the screen. This presents a list of several sites you have visited. Click on any of the choices to return to the desired site. This is the equivalent of clicking on the Forward arrow several times.
Stop: The circle containing the X will stop a page while it is in the process of loading. This is useful if a page is not successfully or speedily retrieving. Refresh: The square containing the two curved arrows re-retrieves the page you are currently viewing. This is useful if the page does not load successfully or completely. Home: The home icon takes you back to the page that was on the screen when you first started IE 6.0 and above. You can customize your selection. Search: The search button opens up a function that uses one or more Web search tools. You can choose the search tool(s) you want as your default.
You can also customize your search experience. After clicking on Search, choose the Customize option and make your selection. A pop-up window called "Customize Search Settings" will appear. If you choose to "Use the Search Assistant for Smart Searching," broad search topics will be displayed and the appropriate search tool will be queried. You can also opt to have IE 6.0 and above remember your last 10 searches so that you can easily repeat them.
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Also notice that you can click a button called "Autosearch settings." This allows you to choose the search tool you want when you use the Address bar as a search window. You can also customize this option on the "When searching" line. You can even choose to turn off the use of the Address bar as a search window. If you do this, all words you type into the Address bar will be interpreted as URLs.
Favorites: Favorites are Web sites you have visited that you would like to store for easy access. You can add, delete and organize your Favorites. o To add the current Web page as a favorite, click on Favorites and then Add. To choose the folder where you want to store this listing, click on Create in and choose the folder you want. At this point, you also have the option to create a new folder. o To delete a Favorite, simply right click on the item and choose Delete. Or, you can choose Organize, select the desired item, and click on the Delete button. o To move a favorite to another folder, click on Organize, select the desired item, and click on Move to folder. In the pop-up window, select the folder where you would like to store this listing. History: The history function allows you to view and select Web pages you have recently visited. You can sort your items by clicking on the black triangle to the right of the word View. You can sort by size, date, the number of times visited, and the order you have visited today. Mail: You can read email from this window. Choose the email software you wish to use by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing Tools/Internet Options/Programs. Print: Allows you to print the current page. This option will be explained in more detail below under Printing. Edit: You may edit the current page in the HTML editor of your choice. Choose the editor by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing Tools/Internet Options/Programs. Discuss: You may set a default Usenet newsgroup server.
USEFUL OPTIONS ON THE MENU BAR The menu bar at the top of the screen includes some useful options. Here are a few highlights.
File/New/Window: You can open up a second copy of IE 6.0 and above by using this feature. This allows you to visit more than one Web page at a time. File/Edit with...: You can edit the current Web page using the HTML editor of your choice. Choose the editor by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing Tools/Internet Options/Programs. You choices will be determined by software installed on your computer. Edit/Find (on This Page): IE 6.0 and above allows you to do a text search of the document on your screen. Choose this option and type in the word or phrase you wish to search. Tools/Show Related Links: IE 6.0 and above will display pages that are related in content to the current page. This is a service of Alexa, a Web content and traffic analysis company. Translate using Gist-In-Time: This option will take you to a translation service on the Web and offer a limited number of language translation options.
The Tools menu offers you many ways to customize IE 6.0 and above This will be covered below under Customizing Internet Explorer.
SAVING WEB DOCUMENTS FOR LATER USE: HOW TO DOWNLOAD, AND PRINT You can download to disk, email, or print the Web page on the IE 6.0 and above screen. To DOWNLOAD 1. Click on File/Save As (top left of screen). A pop-up window will appear. 2. Save in: Choose the desired drive. 3. File/Save as type: Make sure you save the page to the file type that will be useful to you. If you save the page as a Web page, you will need a Web browser or HTML editor to view it. A text file (txt) can be viewed in a word processing program such a Word or WordPerfect. 4. Click on Save
To PRINT To PRINT THE ENTIRE DOCUMENT 1. Click on the Print icon on the Tool Bar 2. Click on OK To PRINT SELECTED PAGES 1. Click on File/Print Preview (top left of screen) 2. Click through the pages using the navigation arrows and make a note of which pages you want to print 3. Click on Print (top left of screen) 4. Click on the circle next to "Pages" 5. Type in the pages separate by commas, e.g., 1, 5-6, 7, 9 6. OR, to print the page displayed in the Print Preview window, choose Current Page. 7. Click on OK.
THE RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON The right mouse button offers a number of useful features if you are using a PC. To view the possibilities, press down on the right mouse button and hold it. Options will display in a pop-up window. The following is a selected list of right mouse button options. 1. WHEN THE MOUSE POINTER IS ON THE SCREEN (but not on a link or an image)
Back: Moves back to the previously visited page in your history list (same as Back icon) Forward: Moves forward to the next page in your history list (same as Forward icon) Select All: Selects all the text on the page for copying and pasting Create Shortcut: Creates a shortcut to the current Web page on your desktop Add to Favorites: Adds the current Web page to your Favorites View Source: Brings up the HTML source code of the current page Encoding: Allows you to choose a language Print: Prints the current document Refresh: Reloads the current page from the server
Open: Opens the page Open in New Window: Opens the link in a new copy of IE 6.0 and above Save Target As: Saves the link as a file Print Target: Prints the link Copy Shortcut: Copies the URL to the Clipboard for pasting into a text editor or word processing program Add to Favorites: Adds the selected page to your Favorites
Save Picture As: Saves the image to a disk drive of your choice Set as Wallpaper: Uses the image as your desktop wallpaper Set as Desktop Item: Sets the image as an Active Desktop item Copy: Copies the image to the Clipboard for pasting into a graphics editing program Add to Favorites: Adds the selected images to your Favorites
CUSTOMIZING INTERNET EXPLORER IE 6.0 and above offers a number of customization options. This section will highlight some of the more useful features available under Tools/Internet Options on the Menu Bar. Tools/Internet Options is divided into six tabs. Each one is explained below. 1. General
Home Page: Specify the URL of the page you want to appear whenever you open IE 6.0 and above, or whenever you click on the Home icon Temporary Internet Files: This option allows you to view the files in your browser's cache. The cache holds viewed Web pages for subsequent quick viewing. Retrieving a file from the cache is much faster than repeated trips to the remote Web server where the file originated. You can customize the Settings to decide how often to check for newer pages, to specify how much disk space to reserve for your cache, and to view files in the cache. History: This option customizes your access to pages you have visited with the History function. Here you can set the number of days to keep pages in your history. Colors: Choose colors for links, visited links, and link hovers (the color appearing when your mouse is over a link). You can also set a default text and background color. Fonts: Select the language script, the font displayed in Web pages, and the font displayed as plain text. Languages: Select the language that will display Web pages accessed with IE 6.0 and above.
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Accessibility: Choose to ignore colors, font sizes and font styles on Web pages. You can also set a style sheet as the display template for all Web pages viewed with IE 6.0 and above.
2. Security Here you can set levels of security for individual Web pages. See IE 6.0 and above's Help menus for more information. 3. Content
Content Advisor: You can enable ratings of objectional content to control the pages that may be viewed with this browser. Certificates: This feature allows you to manage the identification certificates you may have. See the Help menus for more information. Personal Information: This consists of two options. AutoComplete will store entered Web address, information entered into forms, and usernames and passwords needed to access sites you have visited. When you are using your browser, previous entries will come up as choices so that you don't have to retype the information. This can make your work go much faster. You can customize these options, and delete your settings. My Profile offers a template for enteringr personal information. If a Web site requests this information, you can give permission for it to be used.
4. Connections Here you can store the information about your Internet Service Provider, configure your LAN settings, or send your browser requests through a proxy server. 5. Programs Here you can set the programs you want the browser to use for HTML editing, email, Usenet news, collaboration ("Internet Call"), your calendar and contact list. 6. Advanced This screen offers a number of options in the categories of accessibility, browsing, HTTP settings, Microsoft VM (Virtual Machine), multimedia access, printing, searching and security. Set these options if you are comfortable with them.
Subject Directories A subject directory is a catalog of sites collected and organized by humans. Subject directories are often called subject "trees" because they start with a few main categories and then branch out into subcategories, topics, and subtopics. To find the homepage for the Atlanta Braves at Yahoo!, for example, select "Recreation & Sports" at the top level, "Sports" at the next level, "Baseball" at the third level, "Major League Baseball" at the fourth level, "Teams" at the fifth level, then finally "Atlanta Braves." Because humans organize the websites in subject directories, you can often find a good starting point if your topic is included. Directories are also useful for finding information on a topic when you don't have a precise idea of what you need. Many large directories include a keyword search option which usually eliminates the need to work through numerous levels of topics and subtopics.
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Because directories cover only a small fraction of the pages available on the Web, they are most effective for finding general information on popular or scholarly subjects. If you are looking for something specific, use a search engine. Practice Instruction: Type the address in your browser
Google: http://www.google.com Yahoo! : http://www.yahoo.com/ Lelong : http://www.lelong.com.my/ Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/ Download.net : http://www.download.net/ Internet Public Library : http://www.ipl.org/ref/ Librarians' Index to the Internet : http://www.lii.org/ The WWW Virtual Library : http://vlib.org/Overview.html Search Engines Search engines are very different from subject directories. While humans organize and catalog subject directories, search engines rely on computer programs called spiders or robots to crawl the Web and log the words on each page. With a search engine, keywords related to a topic are typed into a search "box." The search engine scans its database and returns a file with links to websites containing the word or words specified. Because these databases are very large, search engines often return thousands of results. Without search strategies or techniques, finding what you need can be like finding a needle in a haystack. To use search engines effectively, it is essential to apply techniques that narrow results and push the most relevant pages to the top of the results list. Below are a number of strategies for boosting search engine performance. For the practice session, use Altavista advanced search at this address. http://www.altavista.com (and click on advanced search)
IDENTIFY KEYWORDS
When conducting a search, break down the topic into key concepts. For example, to find information on what the FCC has said about the wireless communications industry, the keywords might be:
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BOOLEAN AND
Connecting search terms with AND tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing ALL the keywords. FCC and wireless and communication The search engine will not return pages with just the word FCC. Neither will it return pages with the word FCC and the word wireless. The search engine will only return pages where the words FCC, wireless, and communication all appear somewhere on the page. Thus, AND helps to narrow your search results as it limits results to pages where all the keywords appear. Practice AND
PRACTICE 1 1. Type keywords connected with and in the Boolean query search box to find web pages with information on using teams to motivate employees and to increase productivity. 2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. NOTE: AltaVista's Advanced Search page requires a keyword in the Sort by search box to rank sites according to relevancy. Without a keyword in the Sort by box, AltaVista returns results in random order. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results. PRACTICE 2 1. Type keywords connected with and in the Boolean query search box to find web pages with information on steps to take to reduce the risk of heart disease. 2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
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BOOLEAN OR
Linking search terms with OR tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing ANY and ALL keywords. (FCC or wireless or communication) When OR is used, the search engine returns pages with a single keyword, several keywords, and all keywords. Thus, OR expands your search results. Use OR when you have common synonyms for a keyword. Surround OR statements with parentheses for best results. To narrow results as much as possible, combine OR statements with AND statements. For example, the following search statement locates information on purchasing a used car: (car or automobile or vehicle) and (buy or purchase) and used
Practice OR & AND PRACTICE 1 1. Type keywords connected with or and and in the Boolean query search box to get ideas on popular hobbies for children. 2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
PRACTICE 2 1. Type keywords connected with or and and in the Boolean query search box to find web pages on fixing a clogged sink. 2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
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5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
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PHRASE SEARCHING
Surrounding a group of words with double quotes tells the search engine to only retrieve documents in which those words appear side-by-side. Phrase searching is a powerful search technique for significantly narrowing your search results, and it should be used as often as possible. "John F. Kennedy" "Walt Disney World" "global warming" For best results, combine phrase searching with implied Boolean (+/-) or full Boolean (AND, OR, and AND NOT) logic. +"heart disease" +cause "heart disease" and cause The above example tells the search engine to retrieve pages where the words heart disease appear side-by-side and the word cause appears somewhere else on the page. NOTE ON IMPLIED BOOLEAN LOGIC (+/-): When a phrase search is combined with additional keywords using implied Boolean logic (+/-), you must put a plus or minus sign before the phrase as well as the other keywords. If the search involves a phrase with no additional keywords (e.g., "Walt Disney World"), the plus sign before the quotes is optional. Practice Phrase Searching (Implied) PRACTICE 1. Type keywords using phrase searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to find a recipe for sweet potato pie. 2. Click the Search button. 3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
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Practice Phrase Searching (Full Boolean) PRACTICE 1. Type keywords using phrase searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find treatments for a bee sting. 2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. NOTE: AltaVista's Advanced Search page requires a keyword in the Sort by search box to rank sites according to relevancy. Without a keyword in the Sort by box, AltaVista simply returns all results in random order. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
Practice Truncation (Full Boolean) PRACTICE 1. Type keywords using truncation and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find tips for conserving water. 2. Click the Search button. 3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
TITLE SEARCH
Field searching is one of the most effective techniques for narrowing results and getting the most relevant websites listed at the top of the results page. A web page is composed of a number of fields, such as title, domain, host, URL, and link. Searching effectiveness increases as you combine field searches with phrase searches and Boolean logic. For example, if you wanted to find information about George Washington and his wife Martha, you could try the following search: +title:"George Washington" +President +Martha title:"George Washington" and President and Martha The above TITLE SEARCH example instructs the search engine to return web pages where the phrase George Washington appears in the title and the words President and Martha appear somewhere on the page. Like plus and minus, there is no space between the colon (:) and the keyword. Practice Title Searching (Implied) PRACTICE 1. Type keywords using title searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to find information on preventing Lyme disease. 2. Click the Search button. 3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
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Practice Title Searching (Full Boolean) PRACTICE 1. Type keywords using title searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find information on who invented the game Monopoly. 2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest. 5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
DOMAIN SEARCH
In addition to the title search, other helpful field searching strategies include the domain search, the host search, the link search, and the URL search. The DOMAIN SEARCH allows you to limit results to certain domains such as websites from the United Kingdom (.uk), educational institutions (.edu), or government sites (.gov). +domain:uk +title:"Queen Elizabeth" domain:uk and title:"Queen Elizabeth" +domain:edu +"lung cancer" +smok* domain:edu and "lung cancer" and smok*
Most websites originating outside the U.S. have a country domain indicating the country of origin.
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HOST SEARCH
The HOST SEARCH comes in handy when you need to find something located at a large site that does not have an internal search engine. With this search technique, you can search all the pages at a website (contained in the engine's database) for keywords or phrases of interest. NOTE: Because the major search engines do not always log an entire website, use an internal search engine, if the website has one, for best results. +host:www.disney.com +"special offer" host:www.disney.com and "special offer"
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Practice Host Searching (Implied) PRACTICE 1. Use host searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to search McDonald's site to find information on McDonald's fries. 2. Click the Search button. 3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. NOTE: All results should be from the mcdonalds.com website. 4. Click on any links of interest. Practice Host Searching (Full Boolean) PRACTICE 1. Use host searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to search NASA's site to find information on the Space Station. 2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by search box. 3. Click the Search button. 4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. NOTE: All results should be from the nasa.gov website. 5. Click on any links of interest. 6. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set of 10 results.
URL SEARCH
The URL SEARCH limits search results to web pages where the keyword appears in the URL or website address. A URL search can narrow very broad results to web pages devoted to the keyword topic. +url:halloween +title:stories url:halloween and title:stories
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LINK SEARCH
Use the LINK SEARCH when you want to know what websites are linked to a particular site of interest. For example, if you have a home page and you are wondering if anyone has put a link to your page on their website, use the Link search. Researchers use link searches for conducting backward citations.
link:www.pepsi.com link:www.ipl.org/ref/
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Preparing for search By spending a few minutes clarifying your search, you can increase your chances of finding what you need fast and effectively.
Use truncation with an asterisk symbol (*) to combine variant word forms.
(popular or common or favorite) (method* or way* or technique*) (los* or reduc*) (weight or fat or diet*)
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Installing from Windows 98 CD The Windows 98 CD includes PWS, but you need to run a separate setup program to fully install and configure it. Microsoft recommends that you have at least a 90 MHz Pentium processor with 20-32 MB RAM, 40MB free disk space and a Super VGA monitor To start the installation, follow these steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Insert your Windows 98 CD in its drive. Click Start and then click Run. In the Run dialog box, type x:\add-ons\pws\setup.exe Substitute the letter of your CD drive for x, and click OK. The following screen will appear.
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Since we're installing PWS specifically for running ASP applications, we need to override Microsoft's recommendations, and go for the Custom button. The Typical installation doesn't include the excellent ASP documentation, so we'll ask the Setup to install it.
The custom installation has all the Typical components selected, so all we need to do is find the checkbox for the ASP documentation, and check it! It's 3 levels down Highlight "Personal Web Server (PWS)", being careful not to uncheck the box, then choose "Show Subcomponents"
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Second level down now, getting closer. Highlight "Documentation", again without unchecking the checkbox, then choose "Show Subcomponents"
Finally we arrive at the relevant page. Check the checkbox next to "Active Server Pages", then choose OK. Choose OK once more, then Next to continue with the next step of the installation.
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Accept the default path, or change it - it's up to you! I recommend using the default.
After waiting for the installation to complete, you'll be asked to restart your computer (but wait just a minute). When you do, you'll see something new in your system tray on the which shows that your PWS is now up and running. Congratulations! taskbar,
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A quick way to test it is to go to the following URL - write this down, and bookmark it in your browser later - http://localhost/iishelp. This brings up the excellent help that covers PWS and has a handy ASP reference too. Note: On some systems that URL has been reported as not working, so use the long-hand version instead: http://localhost/iishelp/pws/misc/default.asp OK, if you're installing PWS with this lab module running, go ahead and restart your computer now! To place your own web site you need to place your own web page in the 'c:\inetpub\wwwroot' directory making sure the page is called Default.htm or Default.asp. Now when you type 'http:// followed by your computer name', into your web browser you should see your own home page.
3. Place a tick in the check box for 'Internet Information Services (IIS)' leaving all the default installation settings intact. 4. Once IIS is installed on your machine you can configure IIS through the 'Personal Web Manager' found in the 'Administration Tools' in the 'Control Panel'. 5. Double-click on the 'Personal Web Manager' icon.
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6. Once the Personal Web Manager is open you will see the Main dialog box were it will show your home page and home directory default values. Where the home page is shown below as 'http://My_Computer', will be 'http://' followed by the name of your computer. Clicking on each of these values will open your home page in your default web browser or open the default home directory in Windows Explorer.
7. To view your home page in a web browser type 'http://localhost' (you can substitute 'localhost' for the name of your computer) into the address bar of your web browser. If you are not sure of the name of your computer right-click on the 'My Computer' icon on your desktop, select 'Properties' from the shortcut menu, and click on the 'Network Identification' tab. 8. Until you place your own web site in the default directory for the web servers home page you should now be looking at the documentation for IIS. 9. To place your own web site in place of the IIS documentation in your home page you need to place your own web page in the 'c:\inetpub\wwwroot' directory making sure the page is called Default.htm or Default.asp. Now when you type 'http:// followed by your computer name', into your web browser you should see your own home page.
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