Current Transformer Testing SWP: 1. Purpose and Scope
Current Transformer Testing SWP: 1. Purpose and Scope
Current Transformer Testing SWP: 1. Purpose and Scope
2. STAFFING RESOURCES
Electrical Fitter/Mechanic and Competent Assistant with Switching and Access authorisations for the roles they are required to perform and be competent in, or instructed in, the operation of the test equipment to be used. Required Training and Certificates Current certification in modules contained in the Generic Field Induction applicable to the role of Transmission Electrical Fitter/ Mechanic.
3. DOCUMENTATION
CS000501F115. Daily/Task Risk Management Plan ES000901R102. Health and Safety Risk Control Guide SP0506 Substation Primary Plant and Secondary Systems Field Testing SWP SP0507C01 Current Transformer Test Report SP0507C02 Current Transformer Supplementary Test Report SP0507C03 Current Transformer Testing Competency Assessment
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802
Manufacturers name, manufacturers type description and manufacturers serial number. Plant number. Description, ie. post-type, bar-primary etc. Rated voltage and insulation level. Rated transformation ratios (multiple secondary cores). Rated burden in ohms or VA. Performance classification of all ratios, for example: a) 0.5 M (Accuracy Classification 0.5, Class M) Class M Metering CT, AS 1675 b) 0.5 ME 2 (Accuracy Classification 0.5, Class ME, Rated Accuracy Limit Factor 2) Class ME Metering CT, AS 1675 c) 15 VA class 0.5 (Accuracy Class 0.5, Rated Output 15 VA) Metering CT, AS 60044.1 d) 15 VA class 0.5 ext. 150% (Accuracy Class 0.5, Rated Output 15 VA, Extended Primary Current 150%) Metering CT, AS 60044.1 e) 15 VA class 0.5 FS 10 (Accuracy Class 0.5, Rated Output 15 VA, Instrument Security Factor 10) Metering CT, AS 60044.1 f) 10 P 150 F20 (Rated Composite Error 10%, Class P, Rated Secondary Reference Voltage 150 volts, Rated Accuracy Limit Factor 20) Class P Protection CT, AS 1675 g) 0.05 PL 950 R3 (Maximum secondary exciting current 0.05 Amps when excited at the knee point voltage, Class PL,
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802
All of the tests described in this SWP should be carried out with the CT de-energised and appropriate control measures in place (eg. barriers, matting) to prevent inadvertent contact with adjacent live plant or breaching exclusion zones. Furthermore, the P53 Operate the Network Process is applicable at all times for isolation and earthing. Issue a Test Permit and follow the requirements of P53 Operate the Network Process. As described in Substation Primary Plant and Secondary Systems Field Testing SWP SP0506, particular safety risks applicable to Current Transformers include: Contact with high voltage at CT primary connections. High fault current at CT primary connections. Open circuit CT secondary terminals. Unearthed CT secondary winding. Open DLA test terminal.
Test voltages as defined in the Maintenance Acceptance Criteria document are to be used when measuring the insulation resistance of the primary CT winding. Insulation resistance tests as listed below are to be applied for one minute duration each: Primary (HV) to Secondary plus Earth. All secondaries to be connected together and earthed. It may be necessary to guard out surface leakage current with a guard located halfway down the HV insulator in order to achieve an acceptable IR value. A lower value is permitted if the CT is internal to a transformer and is being influenced by the transformer core and bushing insulation. Secondary to Earth @ 1kV. All secondaries to be connected together. No guard. Secondary to Secondary @ 1kV. Each secondary to be tested to all of the other secondaries connected together in turn. No guard.
Inspect the CT for any sign of oil leaks both externally and in the CT secondary connection box. Confirm oil level/gas pressure is correct before testing commences. Inspect the external surfaces and ensure the CT is clean and dry. Check primary and secondary connections for adequate labelling. The connections should be legibly and adequately marked. Check that the DLA test tap cover is in place (if applicable).
Plant and equipment should not be commissioned unless the test result meets the C4 or C3 criteria defined in the Maintenance Acceptance Criteria document. Plant may only be commissioned at P2 level with specific approval from the Senior Commissioning Engineer. Plant may not be commissioned at a P1 level. 5.6 Check secondary winding resistance
With a high precision ohmmeter, test the resistance in the secondary core. For multiple core CTs all ratios should be tested. Be sure to record the temperature at which the measurements are carried out and the lead resistance of the measuring device. Refer to 5.8 below for comments on measuring winding resistance from
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802
Ratio and polarity tests can be carried out using either primary current injection or secondary voltage injection. For multiple ratio CTs, tests shall be carried out on all ratios as marked on the manufacturers nameplate. For primary current injection, a current is applied to the primary side of the CT and corresponding secondary current measurements are made at each tapping of each core. Polarity can be checked by the use of a phase angle meter. For secondary voltage injection, a voltage can be applied to the secondary core tapings and a corresponding voltage measured on the primary. Polarity can be checked by the use of a phase angle meter. Alternatively, a transformer ratiometer can be used to check the transformation ratios and polarities. Note that when using a ratiometer, the voltage output leads which are normally connected to the HV of a transformer are connected to the secondary of a
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A sinusoidal voltage is applied to the secondary of the CT and the excitation current of the CT measured. RMS reading instruments should be used during these measurements. Note that some instruments such as a CPC100 use "mean rectified" values for a magnetisation curve. A waveform with a high harmonic component (such as caused by a CT approaching saturation) will have a mean rectified value significantly lower than the rms value. Since AS60044-1 defines rated knee point in terms of rms voltages and currents, the CPC knee point will be lower than the actual knee point (i.e. the CT could appear to fail even though it is okay). Note: It is preferred to apply a voltage and measure the current rather than inject a current and measure the voltage because Class P, PX and PL CT performance is referenced to voltage. Note: All other cores are open circuited, including the primary. Note: A step up mag curve transformer may be required to produce sufficient applied voltage. Note: It is permissible to measure winding resistance and excitation current from the CT marshalling box or intermediate terminals rather the CT secondary terminals. Allowance needs to be made for the additional secondary wiring resistance that is introduced in this process. If the CT fails to meet performance specifications when measured from the marshalling box, then a repeat test from the CT secondary terminals must be carried out.
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802
Measurement of dielectric dissipation factor (tangent delta) is not required unless specified by the client or Asset Manager. DLA testing is described in a separate SWP. 5.10 Carry out Partial Discharge Tests Off-line partial discharge testing is required to be carried out on all current transformers in MV switchgear and all outdoor epoxy insulated current transformers. The permissible PD level is given in the table below:
For example, a 400/5 CT of class 2.5 P 100 F 20 with 1 ohm winding resistance will have a maximum excitation current of Imax = 20 x 5 x 2.5 / 100 = 2.5 amps at 100 + (20 x 5 x 1) = 200 volts. Similarly, a 1000/1 CT of class 0.05 PL 950 R3 will have a maximum excitation current of 50 mA at 950 volts. A 100/5 CT of class 0.5 M 15VA would have a maximum excitation current of 5 x 0.5/100 = 25 mA when excited with 15/5 = 3 volts.
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802
6.6 11 22 33
7.2 12 24 36
20 28 50 70
The table below details the circumstances in which different tests are carried out: Test New CT Aged or refurbished CT Insulation On-site test required On-site test required Resistance Workshop or on-site Ratio / Workshop or on-site test required Polarity test required at discretion of Commissioning Engineer* Excitation On-site test required On-site test required Current Workshop or on-site Winding Workshop or on-site test required Resistance test required at discretion of Commissioning Engineer* Workshop or on-site Workshop or on-site High test required test required at Voltage discretion of Withstand Commissioning Engineer* PD On-site test required On-site test required
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Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd ABN 11 121 177 802