Dday and The Battle of Normandy PDF
Dday and The Battle of Normandy PDF
Dday and The Battle of Normandy PDF
the Allies chose to come ashore in the Bay of the Seine. Landing in lower Normandy, on shores less heavily fortified than those in the Pas-deCalais, gave the Allies the advantage of surprise.
It was in 1943, at the Quebec Conference, that the decision was taken to attempt a large-scale invasion, code-named Overlord, against the continent of Europe in the spring of 1944.
In the absence of a large port in the area to unload the heavy equipment, it had been arranged for two artificial harbours to be constructed, one off Arromanches at the western end of the British sector, and the other off Omaha Beach, in the American sector.
So as to disorganise the enemy defences, the Allied air force and navy were brought in to provide heavy bombardment of the AtlanticWall fortifications. Special armoured vehicles (amphibious tanks, bulldozer tanks, mine-clearing tanks and flame-throwing tanks) were designed to support the assault troops during the attack.
A veritable open air museum, the Historical Area of the Battle of Normandy brings together all the museums and remembrance sites in the dpartements of Calvados, Manche and Orne associated with D Day and the offensive which followed. These locations are steeped in history and help create a better understanding of this most significant battle which was to decide the outcome of the Second World War
Label Normandie Qualit Tourisme This symbol identifies establishments which have obtained accreditation for their quality of welcome, tourist information and presentation.
Arromanches 360 (Arromanches), Muse du Dbarquement (Arromanches), Muse Mmorial de la Bataille de Normandie (Bayeux), Le Mmorial de Caen (Caen), Centre Juno Beach (Courseulles-sur-Mer), Mmorial de Montormel (Montormel), Muse du Mur de lAtlantique (Ouistreham), Mmorial Pegasus (Ranville), Muse Mmorial dOmaha Beach (Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer), Muse de la Perce du Bocage (Saint-Martin-des-Besaces), Batterie dAzeville (Azeville), Mmorial de la Libert Retrouve (Quinville), Dead Mans Corner Museum (Saint-Cme-du-Mont), Muse du Dbarquement Utah Beach (Sainte-Marie-du-Mont), Muse de la Batterie de Crisbecq (Saint-Marcouf-de-lIsle).
Full price entrance (adult) : 6.50 Full price entrance (adult) : 5.80
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Visit at leisure.
Between war and peace 29 January to 29 March 2009 Save the Children 5 June to 30 August Borders: 1961-1989 2 November to 31st December
At dawn on 6th June, 1944 the first allied troops arrived in Ranville-Bnouville. You can come and relive their story and learn about their heroic combat to liberate the region. The museum contains hundreds of authentic objects, all emotive souvenirs, and features the famous Pegasus Bridge which was the first bridge to be liberated on the French mainland. An actual-size model of a glider from that period is also exhibited in the museums grounds. Open from 01/02 to 30/11.
The museum retraces the epic story of the first commandos to land on Sword Beach at dawn on 6th June, including the Franco-British commando and French Commandant Philippe Kieffer. Open from 15/03 to 31/10.
Other museums also feature this topic. More information from the County Tourist boards (details on the back)
D-DAY
The landing operation began during the night of 5th to 6th June when three airborne divisions were dropped on either flank of the front.
Meanwhile, between 0630 and 0730 hours, 135,000 men and roughly 20,000 vehicles were brought in by sea on five landing beaches as planned. Although the objectives fixed for the evening of D-Day (Caen, Bayeux, Isigny, Carentan), were not achieved, overall the operation was a success. Except at Omaha Beach (Colleville-Saint-Laurent- Vierville) where despite a show of extraordinary courage from the Americans the beachhead for long hung in the balance, casualties were lighter than expected. It then remained to link up the five assaults beaches and face the German counter-attack.
However, in a great two-pronged attack by the British, Canadians and Poles in the north and the Americans and Lerclercs French coming from Alenon in the south, part of two German armies were trapped in the Falaise- Chambois pocket (the Corridor of Death at Montormel). This brought the battle of Normandy to a close, at Tournai-sur-Dives on 21st August 1944. The Allies had pulled off their first victory on the continent. Three days later, they crossed the Seine and entered Paris. UTAH
SWORD
The paratroops mission was to capture certain key points (the Merville battery, the bridge over the Caen canal, roads, locks etc.). A little later, several hundred Rangers managed to capture the fortified position at the Pointe du Hoc, after a particularly daring assault.
After joining up the five beaches and establishing a firm bridgehead covering 50 miles along the Channel coastline, the Allies proceeded to implement their plan. Whilst the British brought pressure to bear in the Caen direction, drawing the German tank divisions around the regional capital, the Americans broke out from Utah towards Barneville to cut off the Cotentin Peninsula. Following the capture of the major continental port of Cherbourg in late June, they attempted to break through the German defences southwards whilst at the other end of the front the British made efforts to clear the Caen sector.The second fortnight in July saw three great successes: the liberation of Caen, the capture of Saint-L and the breakthrough southwards towards Granville and Avranches. After a fruitless attempt at cutting off a section of Pattons army in the Mortain counter-attack, the Germans, whose resistance was weakening, began their withdrawal to the Seine.
THE OUTCOME
THE 8 ROUTES
OBJECTIVE - A PORT
Another way to discover the Historical Area is to follow the signposts along the chronological routes. This method will help explain the unfolding of this battle.
THE COUNTER-ATTACK
THE CONFRONTATION
THE ENCIRCLEMENT
*Essential tools
TROOP MOVEMENTS
* A web site
www.normandiememoire.com : Here you will find a mine of information to help with planning your visit in Lower Normandy: video clips, webcams, complete descriptions of the D Day museums, commemorative events and festivities as well as the full history of the Landings and Battle of Normandy.
18TH JULY
31TH JULY 11TH JUNE 18TH AUGUST 20TH JUNE ALLIED FORCES GERMAN RADAR STATION
30TH AUGUST
CANADIAN CEMETERIES
COMMONWEALTH WAR GRAVES COMMISSION
AMERICAN CEMETERIES
BRITISH CEMETERIES
COMMONWEALTH WAR GRAVES COMMISSION
CAMBES-EN-PLAINE,
between Caen and Courseulles : 224 graves.
POLISH CEMETERY
GERMAN CEMETERIES
HUISNES-SUR-MER,
near the Mont Saint-Michel : 11,956 graves.
BNY-SUR-MER - REVIERS,
COLLEVILLE-SUR-MER,
14710 COLLEVILLE-SUR-MER Tl. 02 31 51 62 00 - Fax 02 31 51 62 09 http://www.abmc.gov between Arromanches and Grandcamp : 9,387
BANNEVILLE-SANNERVILLE, BAYEUX
between Caen and Troarn : 2,175 graves. 4 648 graves (+ 1,801 names of those missing on the Mmorial).
CHOUAIN (Jrusalem),
between Bayeux and Tilly-sur-Seulles : 47 graves.
URVILLE-LANGANNERIE,
Alongside the RN158 at the Grainville-Langannerie exit between Caen and Falaise : 615 graves. .
LA CAMBE,
14230 LA CAMBE Tl. 02 31 22 70 76 Fax : 02 31 22 05 27 e-mail : lucien.tisserand@volksbund.de http://www.volksbund.de between Bayeux and Isigny : 21,222 graves.
MARIGNY,
between Saint-L and Coutances : 11,169 graves.
* Normandie PASS
www.normandiepass.com :
Almost 100,000 soldiers were killed in Normandy (40,000 Allied and 60,000 German) in the combat during Summer 1944. Whilst a certain number (mainly American) were repatriated, the majority still lie in Norman soil. There are 27 military cemeteries (16 British, 2 Canadian, 2 American, 1 Polish, 1 French and 5 German). Each provides a point of remembrance and reflection for its own nationality.
CINTHEAUX,
At the edge of the town on the RN158 between Caen and Falaise : 2,958 graves.
DOUVRES-LA-DLIVRANDE,
between Caen and Luc-sur-Mer : 1,123 graves.
ORGLANDES,
south of Valognes : 10,152 graves.
FONTENAY-LE-PESNEL,
between Caen and Caumont-lEvent : 520 graves.
ST-DSIR-DE-LISIEUX,
near Lisieux : 3,735 graves.
HERMANVILLE-SUR-MER,
on the coast : 1,005 graves.
HOTTOT-LES-BAGUES,
between Caen and Caumont-lEvent : 1,137 graves.
N SIRET normandie mmoire : 444 116 453 00036
With the Normandie Pass you will receive reductions all the sites featured in this brochure as well as other locations to discover Normandy in a different way. The Pass costs just 1 when purchased with a full price entrance.
COMMONWEALTH WAR GRAVES COMMISSION 7, rue Angle Richard - 62217 BEAURAINS - Tl. 03 21 21 77 00 - Fax 03 21 21 77 10 AMERICAN BATTLE MONUMENTS COMMISSION 68, rue 19 janvier - 92380 GARCHES - Tl. 01 47 01 19 76 - Fax 01 47 41 19 79 COMMONWEALTH WAR GRAVES COMMISSION 7, rue Angle Richard - 62217 BEAURAINS - Tl. 03 21 21 77 00 - Fax 03 21 21 77 10 DIRECTION REGIONALE DES ANCIENS COMBATTANTS DE BASSE NORMANDIE Quartier Lorge rue Neuve Bourg lAbb - BP 10527 - 14036 CAEN CEDEX 1 - Tl. 02 31 38 47 43 - Fax 02 31 38 47 03 VOLKSBUND DEUTSCHE KRIEGSRBERFORSORGE (SESMA) 9, rue du Pr Chaudron - BP 75123 - 57074 METZ Cedex 03 - Tl. 03 87 74 75 76 Fax 03 87 74 76 04 DIRECTION REGIONALE DES ANCIENS COMBATTANTS DE BASSE NORMANDIE Quartier Lorge rue Neuve Bourg lAbb - BP 10527 - 14036 CAEN CEDEX 1 Tl. 02 31 38 47 43 - Fax 02 31 38 47 03
2958 soldiers lie in this cemetery, 2872 of them Canadians who perished during the various assaults of the 2nd Army Corps between Caen, Falaise, Chambois and as far as the Seine during July and August 1944. Open daily.
On a 70 ha site overlooking Omaha Beach with 9 387 perfectly aligned headstones and Garden of the Missing bearing the names of 1 557 more soldiers, the American Cemetery is a place for remembrance and reflection. A chapel, memorial and a Visitor Center due to open on 6th June 2007 complete the scene in this most moving location. Entrance free to all.
RANVILLE,
near Pegasus Bridge : 2,562 graves.
This cemetery contains 4 116 graves of Commonwealth soldiers (338 unidentified) as well as 532 other nationalities, mainly German. The memorial opposite carries the names of 1 801 missing Commonwealth soldiers.
SECQUEVILLE-EN-BESSIN,
between Caen and Bayeux : 117 graves.
TILLY-SUR-SEULLES,
between Caen and Balleroy : 1,222 graves.
This cemetery houses 615 graves of soldiers mainly from the Polish 1 st Armoured Division who took part in the Battle of Normandy as well as some killed in action en route to Paris and in Northern France. It is the only Polish Second World War Cemetery in France. Open daily.
(on sale from 01/04/2009 to 15/11/2009 valid from 01/04/2009 to 31/12/ 2009)
ST-CHARLES-DE-PERCY, BAZENVILLE-RYES,
between Bayeux and Arromanches : 979 graves. near Bny-Bocage : 789 graves.
This impressive necropolis brings together over 7 acres, the bodies of 21 222 soldiers who fell during the fighting in 1944. Memorial chapel at the entrance. Peace garden with 1 220 maples (globosum), living symbols of peace.
ST-DSIR-DE-LISIEUX,
near Lisieux : 598 graves.
A large number of the 70 soldiers of the 2 nd French Armoured Division, killed during fighting in the Orne were returned to their families. The 19 remaining victims buried at Les Gateys (in the village of Radon) were transferred here from communal cemeteries when the necropolis was constructed in 1970.
SAINT-JAMES (Montjoie-Saint-Martin),
between Avranches and Fougres : 4,410 graves.
BROUAY,
between Caen and Bayeux : 377 graves.