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Chap54 7

This document summarizes key concepts related to analyzing forces on rigid bodies in three dimensions. It introduces two-force and three-force members, which have 2 or 3 applied forces respectively. Equilibrium equations are presented, including the summation of forces and moments equaling zero in 3D. Conditions for static determinacy and indeterminacy are defined. Methods for drawing free body diagrams and selecting a point to sum moments about are described to solve for unknown reaction forces.

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balakalees
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83 views

Chap54 7

This document summarizes key concepts related to analyzing forces on rigid bodies in three dimensions. It introduces two-force and three-force members, which have 2 or 3 applied forces respectively. Equilibrium equations are presented, including the summation of forces and moments equaling zero in 3D. Conditions for static determinacy and indeterminacy are defined. Methods for drawing free body diagrams and selecting a point to sum moments about are described to solve for unknown reaction forces.

Uploaded by

balakalees
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5.

4 Two and Three Force Members


The solution to some problems can be made easier if you recognize members that are subjected
to only 2 forces.
Two force members
- only 2 forces applied at 2 points on the member.
- no moments.
- line of action of both forces must lie along a line connecting the 2 points of
applications.
Three force members- just read about.
Equilibrium in Three dimensions
5.5 Free Body diagrams
Reactions-3-D supports, Table 5-2, Pg. 217
5.6Equations of Equilibrium

F = 0

M = ( r F ) = 0

Fx = 0

Fy = 0

M y = 0

Fz = 0

M z = 0

M x = 0

We have 6 equations => 6 unknowns


5.7 Constraints for a Rigid Body
Redundant constraints- There are more constraints than necessary to hold a body in
equilibrium.
More unknowns than equations of equilibrium.
-statically indeteminant
For example:
P
Q
S
P
Q
S
C

AX

BX

AY

4 unknowns
3 equations

BY

Statically
Indeterminant

Partial constraints- There are fewer reactive forces than E.O.E.


For example:
P
C

S
D

FBD

B
AY

2 unknowns
3 equations

partial
constraint

BY

1). Given:
FBD
z
MZ

20,601N

AZ

MY
AX

AY

G
C

x MX
B

y
45,000N

8,000N

L =45,000k

A =A i +Ay
j +AZ k

W =
20,601k
F = 0

W +T + L + A = 0 T =8,000i

20,6 01
k
(8,000

8000 + Ax = 0

+
8,000i

+
45,000 k

+
Ax i
Ay
j +
Az k

+
Ax )i
Ay
j +
(
20,601 +
45,000

+
Az ) k

24,399 + Az = 0
Az = 24,399 N

Ay = 0

Ax = 8,000 N

M O = 0

M A +MW +MT +M L = 0

M A + rOG W + rOB T + rOC L = 0

A(0,0,0)

B(0,8,-2.5)

C(0,15,0)

G(0,5,0)

rOG W =(0i +5 j +0k ) ( 20,601k ) =103,005i Nm

rOB T =(0i +8 j 2.5k ) (8,000i) =


64,000 k 20,000 j

rOC L =(0i +15 j +0k ) ( 45,000k ) =675,000i


M

Ax

(M

Ax

+
M Ay
j +
M Az k
103,005i

103,005

M Ax + 571,995 = 0
M Ax = 571,995

4.83) FBD

Nm

+
675,000)i

M Az 64,000 = 0
= 20,000 Nm M AZ = 64,000 Nm

M Ay 20,000 = 0

Nm

M AY

64,0 00 k

+
20

+
( M Ay

20,000)

y
0.9 m
2.3 m
E

0.3 m

A
T

0.3 m

B
z

T
y

B
z

1.5 m
x

2.25 m
D
W=2452.5 N

6 unknowns
Ax , Ay , B x , B y , B z , T

6 equations
Points
A(.3,0,0)
B(2.9,0,0)
C(0,0,2.25)

D(3.2,0,2.25)
E(.9,1.5,0)
Weight (1.6,0,1.125)

(0.9 3.2)i + (1.5 0) j + (0 2.25) k

TD =| TD | DE = T
2
2
2

(
0
.
9

3
.
2
)
+
(
1
.
5
)
+
(
2
.
25
)

T
TD =
( 2.3i +1.5 j 2.25k )
3.55

(0.9 0)i + (1.5 0) j + (0 2.25) k

TC =| TC | CE = T
2
2
2

(0.9) + (1.5) + ( 2.25)

T
TC =
(0.9i +1.5 j 2.25k)
2.85

F = 0

TD + TC + A + B +W = 0

T
T
) +
) +
+
+
+
(
2.3i
1.5
j
2.25k
( 0.9i
1.5
j
2.25k
( 0i
A
3.55
2.85

+
+
( Bx i
By
j +
Bz k ) +
(
2452.5
j) =
0

Collect i, j, and k terms

2.3T 0.9T
1.5T 1.5T

+
+ B x i +
+
+ Ay + B y 2452.5 j

3
.
55
2
.
85
3
.
55
2
.
85

2
.
25
T
2
.
25
T

+ Az + B z k = 0
2.85
3.55

In order for the previous equation to be equal to zero, the coefficients of the i, j, and k terms
must be equal to zero.
0.648T + 0.316T + B x = 0
0.423T + 0.526T + Ay + B y 2452.5 = 0

0.634T 0.789 + Az + B z = 0

We have our 6 unknowns in the above equations, but


we only have 3 equations, therefore we

need 3 more equations. We get these from the M = 0 equation.


We will sum moments about point B, so that we get rid of 3 unknowns, B x , B y , and B z .

M B = 0

rCB TC + rDB TD + rAB A + rWB +W = 0

Let's calculate the position vectors

r
CB

rDB

rA B

r
WB

=
(0

2.9)i
+
(0

0)
j
+
( 2.25

=
(3.2

2.9)i
+
(0

0)
j
+
( 2.2

=
( 0.3
2.9i )i
+
(0

0)
j
+
( 2.2

=
(
1.6

2.9)i
+
(0

0)
j
+
(
1.1

Now let's do the determinants


j
0

k
2.25

0.526T

0.789T

rCB TC = 2.9
0.316T

i[(0)(0.789T ) (0.526T )( 2.25)]


j[(
2.9)(
0.789T ) (0.316T )(2.25)] +
k[(
2.9)(0.526T ) (0.316T )(0)]

rCB TC = 1.1842T i 1.579T j 1.526T k

rDB TD =

i[(0)(
0.634T ) (0.423T )(2.25)]

= j[(0.3)(
0.634T ) ( 0.648T )(2.25)] +

i
0.3

j
0

k
2.25

0.648T

0.423T

0.634T

k[(0.3)(0.423T ) ( 0.648T )(0)]

rCD TD = 0.9507T i 1.2676T j +0.1268T k

rAB

A = 2.6
0

j
0
Ay

i[(0)( Az ) ( A y )(0)]
k
0 = j[( 2.6)( Az ) (0)(0)] +
Az
k[(2.6)( A ) (0)(0)]
y

rAB A =0i +2.6 Az j 2.6 Ay k


i

rWB A = 1.3
0

j
0
2452.5

i[(0)(0) ( 2452.5)(1.125)]
k
1.125 = j[(
1.3)(0) (0)(1.125)] +
0

k [( 1.3)( 2452.5) (0)(0)]

rWB W = 2759.1 i + 0 j +3188.25 k

Substituting these cross product terms in the M B = 0 yields:


1.1842T i 1.579T j 1.526T k 0.9507T i 1.2676T j +0.1268T k
+0i +2.6 Az j 2.6 A y k +2759.1 i +0 j +3188.25k =0

Collecting like terms:


( 1.1842T 0.9507T +2759.1)i +( 1.579T 1.2676T +2.6 Az ) j
+( 1.526T +0.1268T 2.6 A +3188.25) k = 0
y

In order for this equation to be equal to zero, the coefficients of the i, j, and k terms must be
equal to zero.
1.1842T 0.9507T + 2759.1 = 0 => T = 1292.4 N
1.579T 1.2676T + 2.6 Az = 0 => Az = 1415 N
1.526T + 0.1268T 2.6 Ay + 3188.25 = 0 => Ay = 530.74 N

Going back to our F = 0 equations:


0.648T + 0.316T + B x = 0 => B x = 429.2 N
0.423T + 0.526T + Ay + B y 2452.5 = 0 => BY = 696.2 N

0.634T 0.789 + Az + B z = 0 => BZ = 424.46 N

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