01 System Description of BTS3002C

System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 1-1 Chapter 2 Features ........................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1 Product Key Technology.................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Environment Adaptability ................................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 O&M Function .................................................................................................................... 2-2 Chapter 3 Product Description .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Product Appearance .......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Hardware Structure............................................................................................................ 3-1 3.3 System Architecture........................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3.1 Main Control Subsystem ......................................................................................... 3-2 3.3.2 Transceiver Subsystem........................................................................................... 3-4 3.3.3 Heating Subsystem ................................................................................................. 3-8 3.3.4 Power Supply Subsystem ....................................................................................... 3-8 Chapter 4 Functions...................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Basic Functions.................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Digital Trunking Function ................................................................................................... 4-2 4.2.1 VGCS ...................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.2.2 VBS ......................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.2.3 Fast Group Call Setup............................................................................................. 4-2 4.2.4 Late Entry ................................................................................................................ 4-2 4.2.5 eMLPP..................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.2.6 Late Group Channel Assignment ............................................................................ 4-3 4.2.7 Assigned Channel Supervision ............................................................................... 4-3 4.2.8 Voice Private Call Service....................................................................................... 4-3 4.2.9 PTT Preemption ...................................................................................................... 4-3 4.2.10 Talker Identification ............................................................................................... 4-3 4.2.11 Half Rate Group Call ............................................................................................. 4-3 4.2.12 Late A Interface CIC Assignment.......................................................................... 4-3 4.2.13 800M Band Supported and 800M Hopping........................................................... 4-4 4.2.14 Reserved Channel ................................................................................................ 4-4 4.2.15 Trunking Emergency Call...................................................................................... 4-4 4.2.16 Fall Back................................................................................................................ 4-5 4.2.17 Stand Alone........................................................................................................... 4-5 4.3 Networking Functions ........................................................................................................ 4-5 4.3.1 E1 Networking ......................................................................................................... 4-5 4.3.2 SDH Networking...................................................................................................... 4-6
Huawei Technologies Proprietary i
4.3.3 Combined Networking............................................................................................. 4-7 4.4 Radio Network Functions................................................................................................... 4-7 4.4.1 Diversity Receiving.................................................................................................. 4-7 4.4.2 RF Hopping ............................................................................................................. 4-7 4.4.3 Power Control.......................................................................................................... 4-8 4.4.4 Uplink Frequency Scanning .................................................................................... 4-8 Chapter 5 O&M System................................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 O&M Functions .................................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.1 Security Management ............................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.2 Alarm Management................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.3 Maintenance Management...................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.4 Performance Measurement and Test ..................................................................... 5-2 5.2 O&M Structure ................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 5-2 5.2.2 Local Maintenance .................................................................................................. 5-3 5.2.3 Remote Maintenance .............................................................................................. 5-4 Chapter 6 Reliability Design......................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 System Reliability Design .................................................................................................. 6-1 6.1.1 System Fault Monitoring and Handling ................................................................... 6-1 6.1.2 Derate Design ......................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1.3 Temperature Design ............................................................................................... 6-1 6.1.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Design .................................................................... 6-1 6.1.5 Reliability Design for Input Voltage ......................................................................... 6-2 6.1.6 Reliability Design for Fault Detection ...................................................................... 6-2 6.2 Hardware Reliability Design............................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.1 Inverse Connection Indication................................................................................. 6-2 6.2.2 Avoiding Misplugging for Cable Connectors ........................................................... 6-2 6.2.3 Signal Protection ..................................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.4 Reliability Design for RF Cables ............................................................................. 6-3 6.3 Software Reliability Design ................................................................................................ 6-3 6.3.1 Fault Isolation Feature ............................................................................................ 6-3 6.3.2 Operational Security................................................................................................ 6-3 Chapter 7 Technical Indices......................................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Overall Engineering Indices............................................................................................... 7-1 7.2 Overall Performance Indices ............................................................................................. 7-3 7.3 External Physical Interfaces .............................................................................................. 7-4
Huawei Technologies Proprietary ii
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction
This document is prepared to lay a foundation for understanding Huawei Base Transceiver Station 3002C (BTS3002C). Huawei BTS3002C not only fulfils the technical parameters indicated in the "PHASE 2/PHASE 2+" series of recommendations under the responsibility of the GSM Technical Committee of the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), but also provides the digital trunking function.
Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-1
Chapter 2 Features
Chapter 2 Features
BTS3002C is the 2nd generation of Huawei mini BTS, whose performance and feature design are much better than the common micro-cells.
2.1 Product Key Technology

It is an outdoor mini BTS with small size and light weight, so it involves low cost and can greatly save construction investment. Its Max. transmission power is 20W and it supports dual-TS wide coverage. It supports single and dual carrier configuration, and adopts modular RF structure. With imbedded optical transmission, it supports SDH loop networking self-protection and provides one channel of dedicated E1 to other devices. It supports Abis transmission bypass and greatly enhances networking stability. It supports TS frequency hopping and diversity receiving with high receiving sensitivity. It supports BTS power-off alarm report when UPS and battery are not utilized (from the alarm report, transmission disconnection and BTS power-off can be differentiated).

It supports GPRS, supports CS3/CS4 radio channel-coding methods. So it can realize the smooth migration from 2G to 2.5G. It supports uplink frequency scanning function for network optimization.
2.2 Environment Adaptability

BTS3002C is an outdoor mini BTS with strong environment adaptability.
Fully obturated and integrated architecture. It has strong capability for resisting water, dust, moist, salt (acid) smog, mould and sunshine radiation. Wide voltage range. It can work normally within the voltage range 150 ~ 300V AC and -40V DC ~ -60V DC. Flexible working temperature range. When the AC/DC PSU is adopted, BTS3002C can work normally under the temperature -40C ~ +55C (environment temperature). When the DC/DC PSU is adopted, BTS3002C can work normally under the temperature -20C ~ +55C (environment temperature).
Strong lightning protection capability. It is designed with imbedded lightning protection board and attached power lightning protection box. Flexible installation mode. It can be installed on the wall, mast, tower or telegraph pole etc.

Chapter 2 Features
Battery power supply supported. Battery power supply can prolong power supply duration when public power supply is halted.
2.3 O&M Function

BTS3002C can perform the following O&M functions: software downloading, BTS object attribute configuration management, equipment management and running state monitoring.
Local end maintenance. It provides Man Machine Interface (MMI), and implements maintenance, monitoring and management to all objects of the BTS through the local maintenance console.
Remote end maintenance. O&M network is built up in the GSM system. The authorized user can use any workstation in the network via the remote maintenance console to perform remote O&M to BTS NEs in the system.
System state monitoring. It provides system running indices indication, resource state indication, local cell configuration and state indication. Security management. It provides user login authentication, command authority restriction, unsecured operation indication and user group management. Test, including function self-test and loop test. Office monitoring. It provides data collecting and transmission channels for room monitoring equipment to ensure unattended BTS with centralized monitoring. Upgrading. It automatically checks the system for upgrading, system upgrading can be performed via remote loading and the system can be restored to its previous version if system upgrading fails.

1-minute
start-up:
1-minute
start-up
function
greatly
facilitates
routine
maintenance of the equipment.

Chapter 3 Product Description

3.1 Product Appearance
BTS3002C is designed according to IEC297 standards. Size: Height%Width%Depth = 700mm%460mm%360mm The appearance is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 BTS3002C appearance
3.2 Hardware Structure

BTS3002C is composed of 4 units, 1 Main Control Unit (MCU), 2 Digital RF Unit (DRU) and 1 Power Supply Unit (PSU), as shown in Figure 3-2.

PSU provides power supply to the system and there is a power supply module in it. DRU provides the receiving and transmitting of carrier and baseband processing function. It is composed of iSite TRansceiver Unit (ITRU), iSite Power Amplifier Unit (IPAU), iSite Power Filter Unit (IPFU), iSite Duplexer Filter Unit (IDFU) and heating board.

MCU provides interfaces for O&M and transmission and is composed of iSite Operation and Maintenance Unit (IOMU), iSite Access SDH (IASU), iSite LightningProof Unit (ILPU) and heating board.
PSU
DRU
MCU DRU
Figure 3-2 BTS3002C under full configuration
3.3 System Architecture

BTS3002C is composed of 5 subsystems, power supply subsystem, main control subsystem, transceiver subsystem, antenna and feeder subsystem and heating subsystem, as shown in Figure 3-3.
Abis
E1 E1
Main control subsystem ILPU IASU

IOMU
Transceiver subsystem
Um
Antenna and feedersub system
Tx IBBU Rx ITRU Heating subsystem
IPAU
SDH
MMI
220VAC
Power supply subsystem
BTS3002C
IBBU: iSite BaseBand Unit IPAU: iSite Power Amplifier Unit
ILPU: LightningProof Unit ITRU: iSite Operation and Maintenance Unit
IASU: iSite Access SDH IOMU: iSite Operation and Maintenance Unit
Figure 3-3 BTS3002C system architecture
3.3.1 Main Control Subsystem

Main control subsystem is composed of IOMU, IASU, ILPU and the backplane IBMU (iSite BTS3002C Motherboard Unit). It provides the following functions:

Provides periodic alignment signal. Provides communication with O&M.


Provides basic clocks to other subsystems and modules. Implements conversion between SDH and E1. Signal lightning protection function. Signaling processing and resource management.
I. Operation and Maintenance Unit

IOMU is the interface and control unit of BTS3002C and integrates the following 4 functions: O&M function, BTS clock source function, BTS transmission interface function and O&M cavity interface function.

O&M module accomplishes the O&M of the whole BTS. BTS clock module provides reference clock signals to BTS transmission interface module, O&M module and DRU. BTS transmission interface module provides necessary timing calibration signal to BTS clock module and OML (Operation & Maintenance Link) and HDLC (HDLC, High-speed Digital Link Channel) to O&M module.
O&M cavity provides O&M interface to users, including internal running status indicator, MMI, system debugging port and transmission mode selection.
In addition, IOMU also includes an iSite Power Supply Unit (IPSU), whose power comes from the 27V of the power supply module. After DC/DC conversion, it can be converted to multiple power supply such as !8V, +5V and +3.3V to supply power to boards of the system. Moreover, IPSU respectively provides one channel of backup +5V and +3.3V power supply, so power supply to IMOU and IASU can be sustained temporarily to support alarm report when AC power supply is cut off.
II. Access SDH Unit

IASU supports 2M interface to accomplish mini BTS embedded SDH transmission. It can be flexibly configured as terminal multiplexer or add/drop multiplexer. With this unit, combined networking can be implemented, including ring networking, link networking, point-to-point network topology and other more complex networking such as star networking, tangency ring networking, intersecting ring networking, ring-link combined networking etc. It has powerful channel protection and multiplexing segment protection function.
III. LightningProof Unit

ILPU accomplishes the conversion of external signals (E1 signal and alarm signals) from external interfaces to IOMU, and the lightningproof and current limitation of the 2 channels of E1 signals and 5 channels of alarm signals of IOMU. The E1 signal lightningproof module on the IOMU is serial connected to E1 signal cable and the alarm signal lightningproof module is parallel connected to alarm signal cable so that lightning
current will not enter the board via E1 or alarm cable and strong lightning current can be led to GND cables when the BTS is struck with lightning.
IV. BTS3002C Motherboard Unit

IBMU transmits power and data signals with strong anti-interference capability and reduces the quantity of the cables required.
3.3.2 Transceiver Subsystem

Transceiver subsystem is composed of ITRU and IPAU and provides signal baseband processing and RF processing functions as detailed in the following.
Channel encoding and decoding, interleaving and de-interleaving, digital modulation and demodulation, speech encryption and decryption and rate adaptation.

Frequency hopping, power control and temperature detection. Accomplish mapping between logic and physical channels. Accomplish intra-cell and inter-cell handover. Signal up/down frequency conversion, filtering and amplifying. Provide transmission RF signal between transceiver subsystem and antenna and feeder subsystem. Circuit self-check. Alarm collection.

I. Transceiver Subsystem Works Process

Transceiver subsystem works according to the following process: Uplink: Transceiver subsystem receives radio signals from antenna and feeder subsystem, which are converted into analog intermediate frequency signals after balanced amplifying and mixed frequency filtering. Then, after A/D sampling, these signals are conversed into digital intermediate frequency signals, which further become baseband signals after digital down-convert, receiving filtering and digit automatic gain control. After balancing, these signals are sent to BSC via transmission subsystem after demodulation, decryption, de-interleaving, channel coding and rate adaptation. Downlink: Transceiver subsystem receives data from BSC via main control subsystem. Then after A/D conversion, speech encoding, channel encoding, interleaving, TDMA burst pulse is generated. Then, after encryption, GMSK modulation, D/A conversion, low-pass filtering, I/Q analog signals are generated. Then, I/Q analog signals are transmitted to transmitting carrier after orthogonal modulation. Then, they are sent to power
amplifier to be amplified into a certain level after amplifying and filtering. Finally, they are transmitted via antenna and feeder subsystem.
II. Transceiver Unit

ITRU is composed of Tx unit, Rx unit and iSite BaseBand Unit (IBBU). Tx unit accomplishes the modulation from baseband signals to RF signals, and also executes RF frequency hopping and signal driving. Rx is responsible for RF signal demodulation, frequency hopping and diversity receiving and bypass. IBBU implements all baseband processing functions of all duplex channels in one TDMA frame, including signaling processing, channel coding/decoding, interleaving/de-interleaving and demodulation. IBBU also supports speech services, data services and GPRS services specified by Phase 2.
III. Power Amplify Unit

IPAU accomplishes the amplifying of RF output signals and supports the static and dynamic power control of BTS3002C.
IV. Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Antenna and feeder subsystem is composed of IDFU, attached combiner, antenna and feeder.
V. Duplexer Filter Unit

IDFU includes 1 duplexer and 1 diversity receiving filter and they are integrated into one module. The Rx/Tx port of the module is designed with waterproof technique, so it features low insertion loss and high suppression. IDFU is used to isolate the transmitting and receiving of RF signals, and suppress transmitting/receiving outband spuriousness and external interference signals. With IDFU, the number of antenna used can be reduced. Figure 3-4, Figure 3-5, Figure 3-6 and Figure 3-7, illustrate how IDFU implements various antenna and feeder configurations. In these figures, DUP means duplexer, FIL means diversity receiving filter, LNA means Low Noise Amplifier, RXm means main receiver, and RXd means diversity receiver. Whether omni antenna or directional antenna will be configured depends on actual implementation. Figure 3-4 shows the configuration of single carrier (dual feeder). As shown in the figure, there are 3 antenna feeder port in IDFU, Tx/Rx duplex port (Tx/Rx_ANT), diversity Rx port (Rx_ANT) and jumper port when one carrier of the dual carrier is mutually the other's diversity (Rx_OUT). This type of configuration is applicable to O1 and S1 sites. For O1 site, the antenna can be two omni-directional ones; for S1 site, the antenna can be two unipolar ones or a bipolar one. If the two carriers of BTS3002C adopt this configuration, this site can become a S (1/1) site.
IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP X
TX/RXA
RXm RXB
RXd
LNA
FIL
X in the figure means antenna and feeder output port, so does it in the next 3 figures.
Figure 3-4 Configuration of single carrier (dual feeder) Figure 3-5 shows the configuration of single carrier (single feeder). Single antenna can be adopted to reduce the number of antenna. Under this configuration, internal diversity can be achieved if jumper port and diversity Rx port are connected, which has been proved by experiment that the sensitivity of antenna are improved by 1dB. This type of configuration is also applicable to O1 and S1 sites. Its difference from the single carrier (dual feeder) is that the only one omni-directional antenna or a directional unipolar antenna is enough for setting up the O1 or S1 site. S (1/1) site can also be configured by adopting this configuration for the two carriers.
TX/RX DUP
X
IDFU IPAU ITRU
RXm
RXd
FIL
Figure 3-5 Configuration of single carrier (single feeder) Figure 3-6 shows the configuration of dual carrier (dual feeder). This type of configuration is applicable to O2 and S2 sites. For O2 site, the antenna can be two directional ones; for S2 site, the antenna can be two directional unipolar ones.
IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP

X
TXA/RXA
RXmA
RXdA
FIL
IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP

X
TXB/RXB
RXmB
RXdB
FIL
Figure 3-6 Configuration of dual carrier (dual feeder) Attached combiner combines (806MHz ~ 866MHz) is optional, and it can saves number of antenna and feeders. Figure 3-7 shows the configuration of dual carrier (single feeder) with attached combiner. This type of configuration is also applicable to O2 and S2 site. Its difference from the dual carriers (dual feeder) configuration is that only one omni-directional or directional unipolar antenna is enough to set up the O2 or S2 site since the external combiner is adopted.

IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP TXA/RXA
RXmA
RXdA
FIL TX/RX Combiner IDFU

X
IPAU ITRU
DUP TXB/RXB
RXmB
RXdB
FIL
Figure 3-7 The configuration of dual carrier (single feeder) Antenna is the end point of signal transmitting and the beginning point of receiving, including omni antenna and directional antenna. The type, gain, coverage direction and front-to-rear ratio of the antenna determine system performance, so network designers select the type of the antenna required according to such parameters as traffic and coverage etc. Feeder transmits the uplink and downlink signals between the transceiver and antenna via low-loss RF cables.
3.3.3 Heating Subsystem

Heating subsystem includes temperature control circuit and film heating board. Film heating board can raise the temperature of the environment when the internal temperature of the BTS becomes too low so that the mini BTS can still work under the temperature of -40C. MCU and DRU get heated independently.
3.3.4 Power Supply Subsystem

Power supply subsystem is composed of power module and supplies power to boards of other subsystem. There are two types of power module: AC/DC PSU and DC/DC PSU. After converting the input 220V AC into +27V DC, AC/DC PSU supplies power to power amplifier module and film heating board, supplies input power to IPSU part on IMOU, as
well as provides one channel of +27V backup power (used when AC is cut off) and one channel of +5V temperature-controlled circuit power. After converting the input 220V AC into +27V DC, DC/DC PSU supplies power to power amplifier module, and supplies input power to IPSU part on IMOU.
Chapter 4 Functions
Chapter 4 Functions
4.1 Basic Functions
Integrated mini BTS has the following basic functions:

Support GSM services Phase II+ all data services prescribed GPRS basic services Phase I/Phase II /Phase II+ compatible LAPDm protocol CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel-coding methods. Phase I/Phase II/ Phase II+ compatible system message broadcasting and resource indication Support Abis bypass Enhanced full rate (EFR) speech coding scheme with better speech quality Data service: including transparent transmission of 9.6k, 4.8k, 2.4k, non-transparent transmission of 12kbit/s (9.6k), 6kbit/s (4.8kbit/s), faxing and WWW browsing), point-to-point short message and cell short message broadcasting.

16KBIT/S and 64KBIT/S signaling traffic. Paging queue A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption Basic data dynamic configuration Dynamic resource management Measurement report preprocessing Immediate assignment combination and paging combination, boosting the radio channel usage Discontinuous transmission(DTX) and Discontinuous Reception(DRX) enhancing the anti-interference ability Omnidirectional cell and directional cell. It supports O1, O2, S1, S2, S1/1, S1/1/1, S2/2 and S2/2/2 site configuration mode. Support locked, fast capture, track (normal), hold-over and free-run clock modes Synchronous handover, asynchronous handover Um interface tracing and inner interface tracing Local and remote software downloading Satellite transmission function Static and dynamic power control Directly optical transmission Support star, tree, chain and ring networking

Chapter 4 Functions
4.2 Digital Trunking Function

Huawei GSM-T BTS3002C supports the following digital trunking functions:
4.2.1 VGCS
Service subscribers can become group members on a PLMN wide basis to one or more groups pre-defined in the network by a corresponding group identification (group ID). The membership enables them to initiate or receive voice group calls associated with that group ID. Certain dispatchers connected to external networks also require the capability to initiate or receive voice group calls.
4.2.2 VBS
Service subscribers can become group members on a PLMN wide basis to one or more groups pre-defined in the network by a corresponding group identification (group ID). The membership enables them to receive voice broadcast calls associated with that group ID. In addition, certain group members are entitled by their subscription to initiate voice broadcast calls. Certain dispatchers connected to external networks also require the capability to initiate or receive voice broadcast calls.
4.2.3 Fast Group Call Setup

The function is based on the eMLPP function. If a group subscribes the service, the system adopts fast group call setup process to set up a group call.
4.2.4 Late Entry

The process of broadcasting messages on NCHs is to be carried out throughout the call in order to provide the facility whereby group members entering the area can join the call.
4.2.5 eMLPP
The enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption service (eMLPP) provides different levels of precedence for call set-up and for call continuity in case of handover.
Chapter 4 Functions
4.2.6 Late Group Channel Assignment

If no channel description was provided in the notification message, the mobile station shall establish a dedicated connection by use of the notification response procedure in order to respond to the notification. The network may then provide the mobile station with a channel description for the voice group call.
4.2.7 Assigned Channel Supervision

When the group call channel has been assigned in a cell, the listener detection is used to detect whether there is listeners in that cell or not, if there is no subscriber in that cell, the group call channel of that cell will be released. The frequency resource can be saved by doing so.
4.2.8 Voice Private Call Service

The VPCS (Voice Private Call Service) is the half duplex call between two subscribers originated by the short number or the long number. It is often used for the high frequent and short time speech in the service area.
4.2.9 PTT Preemption

With the PTT preemption function, the subscriber with the higher inter-group priority can preempt the talking right while the subscriber with the lower inter-group priority is talking.
4.2.10 Talker Identification

The Talker identification function is to show the current talking subscribers identity and priority level while the VGCS or VBS is going on.
4.2.11 Half Rate Group Call

The group call channel is TCH/H and the speech codec is VSCELP, since the TCH/F can be divided into two TCH/Hs, so the group call capacity can be doubled by using the TCH/H as the group call channel. This is useful when the GT frequency band is not enough.
4.2.12 Late A Interface CIC Assignment

By late A interface CIC assignment, only the cells in the group call area with inter-group subscribers will occupy A interface circuit, the other cells in the group call area with no
Chapter 4 Functions
inter-group subscriber will not occupy A interface circuit. So the A interface circuits will be saved.
4.2.13 800M Band Supported and 800M Hopping

The BSS supports the T-GSM 800M frequency band: duplex distance is 45MHz. Hopping can decrease the interference effectively. GT800 support the hopping of the group call channel and improve the performance of the anti-interference. 806MHz-821MHz(MS
transmitting, BTS receiving); 851MHz-866MHz(BTS transmitting, MS receiving) the
4.2.14 Reserved Channel

The TCH channels can be reserved for a specific Enterprise, only the subscribers in the specific Enterprise can use these TCH channels, other subscribers cannot use these TCH channels, so that the service originated by the specific Enterprise subscriber can get the TCH immediately.
4.2.15 Trunking Emergency Call

The enterprise manager assigns an address for each member of the enterprise, this address can be group ID or one or two common telephone number. When the subscriber originates the trunking emergency call by pushing the emergency call button, the network will connect this emergency call to this emergency address. 1) 2) 3) If this emergency address is a group ID, the network will originate a group call as the subscriber is a dispatcher. If this emergency address is one common telephone number, the network will originate a common point to point call. If this emergency address is two common telephone number, there is two way for the network to connect them, one way is connecting them one by one, the other way is connecting them at the same time,
If the subscriber selects the one by one way, the network will connect to the first number if the network gets answer from the first telephone number. or else the network will try to connect the second telephone number.
If the subscriber selects the at the same time way, the network will try to connect these two common telephone numbers at the same time, and it will connect to the telephone number which answer first, and the other telephone number will be released.
Chapter 4 Functions
4.2.16 Fall Back

When the transmission is interrupted between BTS and BSC, the BTS will work in fall back mode. BTS with fall back mode will support base function like VGCS, VBS, uplink time limit. The fall back mode support one cell or multi-cell in the BTS. When the transmission is ok, the fall back BTS will work like normal.
4.2.17 Stand Alone

The BTS can work without BSC and NSS. The BTS in stand alone mode can support VGCS, VBS.
4.3 Networking Functions

4.3.1 E1 Networking
BTS3002C supports star, chain, ring and tree networking that are shown respectively in Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2, Figure 4-3 and Figure 4-4. In these figures, each line stands for E1 cables. The maximum limitation of the cascading level is 5 for the chain networking mode.
I. Star Networking
BTS3002C
BSC
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
Figure 4-1 BTS3002C star networking mode
II. Chain Networking

BSC BTS3002C BTS3002C BTS3002C
Figure 4-2 BTS3002C chain networking mode
Chapter 4 Functions
III. Ring Networking
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
Figure 4-3 BTS3002C E1 ring networking
IV. Tree Networking
BTS
BTS BTS BSC BTS
Figure 4-4 BTS3002C E1 tree networking
4.3.2 SDH Networking

SDH networking supports both chain and ring modes. Two modes of SDH networking are shown in Figure 4-5 and Figure 4-6. In these figures, each single line stands for E1 cables and a pair of lines stands for optical fibers. The maximum limitation of the cascading level is 5 for the chain networking mode.
BSC
Optical transceiver
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
Figure 4-5 BTS3002C chain networking
BSC
Optical transceiver
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
Figure 4-6 BTS3002C ring networking

Chapter 4 Functions
4.3.3 Combined Networking

Combined networking can be adopted for BTS3002C. Under combined networking mode, SDH link networking is adopted for Abis interface and E1 cascaded networking is adopted for circuit side, as shown in Figure 4-7, in which, each single line means E1 cables and each double lines means optical fibers.
BSC
Optical transceiver
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
Figure 4-7 BTS3002C combined networking
4.4 Radio Network Functions

4.4.1 Diversity Receiving
A radio channel is a random time-variable channel with fading features, while the diversity receiving technology is an effective anti-fading technology. Radio signals that are transmitted to RX through radio channels are combination of various multi-path components. These signals carry the same message and are featured with irrelevant random fading characteristics. By the diversity receiving technology, these signals can be combined into general receiving signals so as to diminish the effect caused by fading. The diversity receiving methods include frequency diversity, time diversity, polarity diversity and space diversity. In BTS3002C, polarity diversity, space diversity and frequency diversity are used to diminish the signal fading.
4.4.2 RF Hopping
Frequency hopping is an important method to improve the performance of a BTS. It cannot only improve the anti-fading ability of up- and down-link channels, but also improve the security in communications. BTS3002C, introducing dynamic loop bandwidth technology and PingPong handover technology, performs real-time switchover between two clock synthesizers to implement RF hopping. This method of RF hopping implementation is highly reliable and lowers the requirement for the speed of clock synthesizers.
Chapter 4 Functions
4.4.3 Power Control

The BTS power control can be adjusted by BSC to ensure MS stable receiving signal strength. As a result, interference between neighboring channels and BTS power consumption can be decreased. BTS3002C supports both static and dynamic power control. The BTS3002C static power class is divided into 11 levels (0 ~ 10 level, 2dB/level), and the maximum output power of BTS is 0 level. For example, if the maximum transmit power of the BTS3002C is 20W, then 0 level corresponds to 43dBm and the 10 level corresponds to 23dBm. BTS dynamic power control is a fine tuning operation based on the static power control and the class of it is divided into 15 levels (0 ~ 15) level, level 0 is the same as that of static power control). If the current maximum transmit power is set to be Pm, then the dynamic power control range will be Pm ~ (Pm-30) dBm. When the maximum value of dynamic power control cannot meet relevant requirement, static power control level should be adjusted to correspondingly increase the maximum magnitude of output power of the dynamic power control.
4.4.4 Uplink Frequency Scanning

Uplink frequency scanning is a special network function of BTS3002C. To know the frequency interference of coverage area for network optimization, downlink frequency can be easily get from the test MS, while it is more complicated to get the uplink frequency. Therefore, BTS3002C provides uplink frequency scanning function to scan uplink frequency for uplink data quality control according to network optimization parameter configuration by utilizing idle TSs of the frequency.
Chapter 5 O&M System

5.1 O&M Functions
BTS3002C O&M system provides the user with powerful O&M functions in consideration of the users requirements in equipment performance and maintenance. These functions include: security management, alarm management, maintenance management, performance measurement and test, etc.
5.1.1 Security Management

In view of various remote maintenance operations implemented by the O&M system, the system provides powerful security management system to execute O&M control over the equipment in order to avoid unauthorized operations which may affect normal performance of the equipment. The user must log in and go through authentication before performing O&M to BTS3002C. The system provides an authorization system with multiple levels to ensure that only authorized users can execute relevant commands for O&M. Meanwhile, dialog boxes are prompted before any important O&M command is executed to get confirmation for the potential problems due to the operations
5.1.2 Alarm Management

BTS3002C O&M system provides highlighted alarm windows and powerful real-time alarm management functions, such as collection, clearing, query, processing, saving, explanation, prompting, shielding, filtering, acknowledging, analyzing, etc. Besides, it also provides on-line help information system and stage filtering system to help the user with quick fault location. It also provides alarm recovery methods.
5.1.3 Maintenance Management

The operation & maintenance center (OMC) implements management over the whole BSS through BSC. Each entity in BTS can perform check and location functions for internal errors so that BSC can implement maintenance to BTS without knowing the internal structure of each entity. The O&M system can monitor and query the states of boards and the system, keeping the user aware of the system running states. It supports automatic backup of data with
backup time intervals and directory being customized. It also supports reset of key parts and in-service loading and activation of equipment software.
5.1.4 Performance Measurement and Test

The O&M system can implement performance measurement and test to the equities so as to collect BTS running states data and perform accurate analysis on the running states. It supports real-time monitoring to partial resources of BTS3002C that can be displayed in graphics, facilitating fault location or performance measurement analysis for the user. These resources include CPU occupancy, RAM occupancy, etc. Test functions that BTS3002C provides include:
I. Carrier Channel Test

Idle burst test TRX loop test
II. Functional Objects Self-test

Site self-test Cell self-test Carrier self-test Board self-test
5.2 O&M Structure

5.2.1 Overview
BTS3002C is managed by BSC and it is connected after being routed to the upper level network management system (NM system) through Q3/core database interface, or to iManager integrated NM system. Both NM systems implement overall O&M to the equipment to help the user with O&M management. BTS3002C provides two maintenance modes: local maintenance and remote maintenance (as shown in Figure 5-1). The maintenance system uses an O&M interface with unique navigation tree technology, taking full advantage of the visualized and easy-to-memorize graphical user interface (GUI). The user interfaces of both modes are similar, providing highly visualized equipment panel view.
MMI Local Maintenance Console MMI Remote Maintenance BTS Console

Abi s
OMC Server
BTS
s Abi
BSC Remote Maintenance Console Hub
Figure 5-1 Remote and local maintenance
5.2.2 Local Maintenance

Local maintenance refers to the maintenance mode in which PCs are connected to BTS3002C by serial port lines and implement maintenance operations to the BTS. The local maintenance console can only be accessed after the local maintenance software is installed in PCs. The BTS local maintenance is carried out based on different objects of the BTS, which include site, cell, carrier, baseband and board. Real-time alarm messages can also be obtained at the same time. Functions of local maintenance include:
Board software loading and activation. BTS3002C will perform centralized management over the software versions. While the user will choose the software version to be run.
Set attributes for BTS, carrier and channels, and partial extension attributes for the air interface. Board and BTS reset. Query for versions of software and hardware (some boards). Communicate with UPS via specific interface and manage backup power supply. Usage states of some BTS3002C resources being real-time monitored are displayed in graphics to facilitate fault location and performance diagnosis. The states include CPU occupancy, RAM occupancy, etc.

The board maintenance interface displays a real physical map of the mini BTS equipment facilitating the users check on the running state of the BTS. Real-time display of board states and relevant query control concerning the circuit board is also provided.
Function self-test and loop test for faults in communication loops.
5.2.3 Remote Maintenance

Remote maintenance is performed through OMC. PCs are connected to BSC via OMC network and are connected subsequently to BTS via the Abis interface. The remote maintenance console can only be accessed via OMC Shell of the work station (WS). The user interface of the BTS remote maintenance system is in topological structure, where names, categories, locations, numbers, equipment types and running states (normal, alarm, etc.) of all NEs in the mobile network can be browsed. The user can specify a NE to be maintained and check detailed performance data, alarm data and configuration data. He is also supposed to implement O&M to certain type of NEs via the topological map.
Chapter 6 Reliability Design

6.1 System Reliability Design
6.1.1 System Fault Monitoring and Handling
The system is able to perform auto detect and software and hardware fault diagnosis, and report alarms. It can record and print the fault information, and can collect UPS state information. The board protection mechanism is adopted in BTS3002C, which ensures timely reset of the whole system for self-healing when a program is in abnormal operation. There are temperature monitoring subsystem and heat subsystem in BTS3002C. When the temperature is too low, the heating board will start automatically to heat the whole BTS. While when the inside temperature is too high, relevant alarm will be reported until the power supply module initiates shutdown of the BTS due to high temperature.
6.1.2 Derate Design

For high-power parts and overheating parts, their rated power should be derated. Therefore, the electric stress and thermal stress these parts bear in practice will be lower than the rated values, and their parameter degeneration can be suspended and life can be prolonged.
6.1.3 Temperature Design

The product is designed (through selection of parts, circuit and structure design and heat-sink design) to work reliably in a wide range of temperature avoiding effect on product performance due to temperature change.
6.1.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Design

In this design, the equipment is supposed to avoid un-allowed degrading due to electromagnetic emission of other equipment in the same environment. In the mean time, it is not supposed to cause un-allowed degrading to other equipment, subsystems or systems in the same environment due to its electromagnetic emission.
6.1.5 Reliability Design for Input Voltage

BTS3002C uses broad voltage and has primary power supply inside. It allows an input voltage range of 150 ~ 300V AC. Equipment will not get damaged during 350V AC instantaneous input so that impact of power fluctuation upon the equipment can be mitigated.
6.1.6 Reliability Design for Fault Detection

When DRU and heating board get faulty, faults can be detected and reported to the background and fault detection rate reaches more than 90%. When MCU gets faulty, major fault mode can be detected and corresponding alarms can be reported under the condition that communication between BTS3002C and BSC or OMC is maintained.
6.2 Hardware Reliability Design

6.2.1 Inverse Connection Indication
When installing BTS3002C, if the receiving and transmitting ends of E1 or optical fiber are inversely connected, the cable interface indicator will generate indication.
6.2.2 Avoiding Misplugging for Cable Connectors

Labels are stuck on the cable connectors with main labels stating manufacturers, numbers, versions and other information to facilitate proper connections. Measures are taken in the 220V three-phase power input connectors to avoid mispluging. Non-nude connectors can be safely plugged into the power supply.
6.2.3 Signal Protection

To avoid effect to the chips caused by power fluctuation (at power-on or power-off especially) all working power supplies in internal boards of BTS3002C will go through strict filtering process before being connected to the chips.

RS232 interface signal: use special protection device for RS232 interface E1 transmission signal: protection on E1 transmission signal can be best illustrated in lightning protection. BTS3002C employs asymmetry transient depression diode to avoid damage to E1 cables caused by lightning.
6.2.4 Reliability Design for RF Cables

The RF connector shell is reliably connected with the metal layer of structural part for EMC after it is connected with shielding layer of cables. SMA connector is used to ensure the reliable connection between sockets and plugs.
6.3 Software Reliability Design

6.3.1 Fault Isolation Feature
The software design is featured by the module fault isolation, which means faults that occur in a software module are restricted in this module and should not originate faults in other modules. The software has the ability of fault tolerance and correction. Minor faults in software running will not initiate reset or restart of the system.
6.3.2 Operational Security

BTS3002C is easy to be connected. Its definite indications for performance and fault can help with quick clearing of faults. The software for MMI and OMC is compatible with indoor BTS with easy-to-use interface.
Chapter 7 Technical Indices

7.1 Overall Engineering Indices
Table 7-1 BTS3002C overall engineering indices Parameter name Cabinet size (height%width%depth ) Weight Indices 700mm%460mm%360mm 55kg Single carrier configuration, uninterrupted working (power supply for the whole cabinet) Dual-carriers configuration, uninterrupted working (power supply for the whole cabinet)
Power consumption
No heating: 140W (-10C ~ +55C) With heating: 400W (-20C ~ -10C) No heating: 260W (-19C ~ +55C) With heating: 640W (-40C ~ -20C) Startup when environment temperature is at -40C ~ -5C, the consumption is 440W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches -5C, the consumption is 400W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30C, the consumption is 140W. Startup when environment temperature is at -5C ~ 0C, the consumption is 400W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30C, the consumption is 140W. Startup when environment temperature is above 0C, the consumption is 140W.
Single carrier configuration, low temperature startup (power supply for the whole cabinet)
Parameter name
Indices
Dual-carriers configuration, low temperature startup (power supply for the whole cabinet)
Startup when environment temperature is at -40C ~ -5C, the consumption is 680W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches -5C, the consumption is 640W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30C, the consumption is 260W. Startup when environment temperature is at -5C ~ 0C, the consumption is 640W. When the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30C, the consumption is 260W. Startup when environment temperature is above 0C, the consumption is 260W. No heating: 60W (-10C ~ +55C) With heating: 200W (-40C ~ -10C) No heating: 115W (-10C ~ +55C) With heating: 255W (-40C ~ -10C)
Single carrier configuration (power supply by priority) Dual-carriers configuration (power supply by priority) Working environment temperature Working environment relative humidity
Normal operation in -40 ~ 55C 5% ~ 100% Frequency: 1.3%10 Hz, ex-factory precision higher than 0.05ppm
7
Clock
Frequency feature: <!5%10 Annual aging rate: <!1%10
-8
(from0C to70C)
-7
Input power supply Security performance Anti-vibration performance Electromagnetic compatibility
When 220V AC input : 150 ~ 300V AC , 47 ~ 63Hz When -48V DC input : -40V DC ~ -60V DC Comply with IEC60950 standards Comply with IEC Class 4M3 standards Comply with ETS 300-342-3 standards
Parameter name Waterproof and dustproof performance
Indices Comply with IP55 standards
7.2 Overall Performance Indices

Table 7-2 BTS3002C overall performance indices Performance category Parameter name Channel capacity Frequency band 16CH/carrier 200kHz R-GSM 900: Uplink: 876 MHz to 915 MHz Downlink: 921 MHz to 960 MHz System indices Bandwidth DCS 1800: Uplink: 1,710 MHz to 1,785 MHz Downlink: 1,805 MHz to1,880 MHz T-GSM 800: Uplink: 806 MHz to 821 MHz Downlink: 851 MHz to 866 MHz Static receiving sensitivity Congestion features Anti-interference features Intermodulation rejection Stray radiation Transmitting performance Max. transmit power per carrier Static power control range R-GSM 900:-110dBm DCS 1800:-109dBm Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Antenna feeder port43dBm 0 ~ 10 level Indices
Receiving performance
Performance category
Parameter name Dynamic power control range Transmit power absolute precision Transmit spectrum Intermodulation rejection Stray Radiation Frequency error Phase error 0 ~ 15 level
Indices
2 ! 0.5dB (normal temperature) 2 ! 1dB (all temperature) Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Comply with GSM11.21 specifications Comply with GSM11.21 specifications 0.05ppm 5(rms) 20(peak)
7.3 External Physical Interfaces

Table 7-3 BTS3002C external physical interfaces Interface name Type Quantity
Functions Provide E1 75/120 interface of
E1 Abis interface
2 pairs

Support cascade Provide operation and maintenance link(OML) Provide SDH transmission mode Support cascade Provide operation and maintenance link(OML)
STM-1
2 pairs

Interface name
Type
Quantity
Functions Dry connector alarm interface: supports reporting four channels of dry connector alarm signal TTL level alarm: supports one channel of TTL level signal alarm, for connecting external UPS alarm signal 485 port alarm: supports one channel of duplex communication, for connecting external alarm equipment such as alarm box
Alarm interface
ALARM
6
Clock interface
FCLK 13MCLK MMI (J2)
1 1 1 1 1 1
FCLK test port 13MHz clock test port Provide local maintenance IOMU network port IASU network port, providing maintenance channels. 220V AC power input port or -48V DC power input port 220V AC grounding terminal or -48V DC grounding terminal Tx/Rx duplex port Diversity Rx port Jumper port when one of the dual carrier is mutually the other's diversity.
Maintenance interface
Network port (J1) Network port (J6) Power Supply Grounding Tx/Rx_ANT
Power supply and grounding
1 1 1 1
Antenna and feeder cable interface
Rx_ANT Rx_OUT
Note: FCLK and 2M are multiplexed. When line clock is required to be tested on the BTS side, FCLK can be set as default and they (either FCLK or 2M) can be switched through operations on remote or local maintenance console.

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System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

Huawei Technologies Proprietary ii

System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

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System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

2.1 Product Key Technology

2.2 Environment Adaptability

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-1

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2.3 O&M Function

maintenance of the equipment.

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Chapter 3 Product Description

Chapter 3 Product Description

Figure 3-1 BTS3002C appearance

3.2 Hardware Structure

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System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

Chapter 3 Product Description

Figure 3-2 BTS3002C under full configuration

3.3 System Architecture

Main control subsystem ILPU IASU

Tx IBBU Rx ITRU Heating subsystem

Power supply subsystem

ILPU: LightningProof Unit ITRU: iSite Operation and Maintenance Unit

Figure 3-3 BTS3002C system architecture

3.3.1 Main Control Subsystem

Provides periodic alignment signal. Provides communication with O&M.

System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

Chapter 3 Product Description

I. Operation and Maintenance Unit

II. Access SDH Unit

III. LightningProof Unit

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Chapter 3 Product Description

IV. BTS3002C Motherboard Unit

3.3.2 Transceiver Subsystem

I. Transceiver Subsystem Works Process

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System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

Chapter 3 Product Description

II. Transceiver Unit

III. Power Amplify Unit

IV. Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

V. Duplexer Filter Unit

System Description iSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS

Chapter 3 Product Description

IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP X

IDFU IPAU ITRU

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Chapter 3 Product Description

IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP

IDFU IPAU ITRU DUP

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Chapter 3 Product Description