Solution To HW#1

BG 2142 HW#1 (2014) Solution by David Lou
1

Q1:
Using ideal gas law:
P
Ideal
=
V
nRT
=
3
10 1.42
300K 8.314
-
= 17.5610
5
Pa = 17.56 bar
Using Van der Waals Equation:
P=
nb V
nRT
- a (
v
n
)
2

=
3 - 3 -
10 0.032 - 10 1.42
300 8.314
2 3 -
) 10 (1.43
0.1355

=1796974.06 - 67198.97 Pa (note: here I convert all units to SI unit)
a =1.355 bar dm
6
mol
-2

=1.35510
5
10
-6
Pa m
6
mol
-2

=0.1355 P
a
m
6
mol
-2

b =0.0320 dm
3
mol
-1

=0.3210
-4
m
3
mol
-1

P
vdw
= 17.30 10
5
Pa = 17.30 bar
P
vdw
< P
Ideal

Attractive force dominant

2

Q2:
V=20 L 60
o
C 1 atm
P
H2O
= 0.120 atm 78 mol%N
2

21 mol%O
2
dry air
1 mol%Ar
a):
atm
atm
P
P
x
Total
O H
O H
1
12 . 0
2
2
= = = 12%
% 64 . 68
1
% 78 88 . 0
2
2
=
= =
Total
N
N
P
P
x
% 48 . 18
1
% 21 88 . 0
2
2
=
= =
Total
O
O
P
P
x
% 88 . 0
1
% 1 88 . 0
=
= =
Total
Ar
Ar
P
P
x
b): at %RH=100% P
H2O
= 0.197 atm
At constant temperature, apply the ideal gas law PV=nRT to the water vapor
( )
f
f
O H i i O H
V P V P
2 2
) ( =

L L V
P
P
V
i
f O H
i O H
f
2 . 12 20
197 . 0
12 . 0
) (
) (
2
2
= = =

c): initially 1364 . 0
88 . 0
12 . 0
2 2
= = =
air
O H
air
O H
P
P
n
n

at the total final pressure of 200 atm, condensation has occurred, therefore
atm P P
O H O H
197 . 0
2 2
= =
-

And P
air
=200 0.197= 199.803 atm
000986 . 0
803 . 199
197 . 0
2 2
= = =
air
O H
air
O H
P
P
n
n

Therefore, % condensed =
air
air
n
n
1364 . 0
) 000986 . 0 1364 . 0 (
= 99.3%
3

Q3:
(a):
( ) b V V T
a
b V
RT
P
m m m
+
=
1
(A)
At T=T
C
, 0 ) ( =
c
c
c
T
m
V
P
, 0 ) (
2
2
=
c
c
c
T
m
V
P

c
T
m
V
P
) (
c
c
= -
2 2 2
) (
) 2 (
) ( b V V
b V
T
a
b V
RT
m m
m
c m
c
+
+
=0 (1)
c
T
m
V
P
) (
2
2
c
c
=
4 4
2 2 3 2 2
3
) (
) 2 6 4 )( 2 ( ) ( 2
) (
2
b V V
b V b V V b V b V V
T
a
b V
RT
m m
m m m m m m
c m
c
+
+ + + +
+
=0
=
4 4
2 2
3
) (
) 2 )( ( 2 ) 2 ( ) ( 2
) (
2
b V V
b V b V V b V b V V
T
a
b V
RT
m m
m m m m m m
c m
c
+
+ + + +
+
=0 (2)
From Equ (1):
2 2 2
) (
) 2 (
) ( b V V
b V
T
a
b V
RT
m m
m
c m
c
+
+
=
(3)
From (2):
3 3
2
2
) (
) 2 ( ) (
) (
) ( b V V
b V b V V
T
a
b V
b V
RT
m m
m m m
c
m
m
c
+
+ +
=
(4)
) (
) 2 ( ) (
) ( ) 2 (
2
b V V
b V b V V
b V b V
m m
m m m
m m
+
+ +
= +
Re-arrange to get:
3 3 2 2 3
2 3 3
m m m m
V b b V b V V = + + +

3 3
2 ) (
m m
V b V = +

m
V +b=
m
V
3
2
y

m m
y
V V b 26 . 0 ) 1 2 (
3
= =
or:
m
V = 3.8473 b (5)

4

Now substitute (5) into Equations (3) & (A):
( )
2 2
2
2
3
) 8473 . 3 ( ) 8473 . 3 (
8473 . 3 2
8473 . 8
b b b
b b
b b a RT
c
+
+
=

= 20268 . 0
2 2
2
b b
b b
a
b
a
RT
c
202677 . 0
2
3
= (6)
P
c
=
b
RT
c
8473 . 2
-
2
64902 . 18
1
b
T
a
c

Both sides, multiply by b and move P
c
to the right, put (a/b) from Equ (6) to get:
b = ]
202677 . 0 64902 . 18
1 1
8473 . 2
[
1
2
3
c
c
c
c
RT
T
RT
P

b = 0.08664
c
c
P
RT

From Equ (6)
a=
202677 . 0
2
3
c
RT
c
c
P
RT
08664 . 0
a = 0.42748
c
c
P
T R
2
5
2

x=0.42748
y=0.08664
From the example, the analytical a =
c
c
y
P
T R
2
5
2
) 1 2 ( 9
1
3

5

(b)

(c):
(i) for V
m
= 0.1L
from ideal gas law
PV=n RT
PV
m
=RT
P=
m
V
RT
=
3
10 1 . 0
) 40 15 . 273 ( 314 . 8
+
=26035291Pa
=260.35 bar
=256.95 atm
From R. K. Equation

( ) b V V T
a
b V
RT
P
m m m
+
=
1

=
3 3
5 6
3
10 ) 02971 . 0 1 . 0 )( 10 1 . 0 ( 15 . 313
10 10 63 . 64
10 ) 02971 . 0 1 . 0 (
15 . 313 314 . 8

6

=37039822.165 2.8156910
7

P = 88.83 bar
P
RK
<P
ideal
Attractive interaction is dominant
(ii) For V
m
= 100 L
From ideal gas law:
P
ideal
=
m
c
V
RT
= bar Pa 2604 . 0 3 . 26035
10 100
15 . 313 314 . 8
3
= =

From R. K. Equation
P
R.K.
=
3 3
5 6
3
10 ) 02971 . 0 100 )( 10 1 . 0 ( 15 . 313
10 10 63 . 64
10 ) 02971 . 0 100 (
15 . 313 314 . 8

= 0.2604310
5
-0.00030510
5

P
RK
= 0.26006bar
P
RK
P
ideal
Under such a large molar volume,
The CO
2
gases can be approximately as ideal gas.

7

Q4.
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )( )
( )
2
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
2
0
1
;
1
1 0
1 1 4
2
1 1 4
lim
2
2 1 4
2 1
lim
f i f i
i i
i f
i f f i f i
f i f i i i f
i i i i i f i
f
i
i i i i i f i
i
i i i i f
i i
i i
P V P P
PV
T T
PT P T P P
P T P T P PT
T P T P TT P
P
T
d T P T P TT P d
df d
dg d d T d
T P P TT P
T P
T P
( +

=
( = +

+ =
+
=
+
=
+
+
+
=
( )
2
2 4
4
2
2 2
2
2
i i i f
i i
i f i
i
i i
i i i i i f i f
i i
T P TT P
T P
TT P
T
T T
T P PT T P T P
T T
+
+
=
+ +
= =

Solution To HW#1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Solution To HW#1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Solution To HW#1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

How does the ideal gas law compare to the van der Waals equation for the given gas?

How does the percentage of water vapor that condenses change with changes in total pressure and partial pressure of water vapor?

BG 2142 HW#1 (2014) Solution by David Lou

You might also like