3 Chapter
3 Chapter
3 Chapter
Algebra
Chapter 3 Rational Algebraic Expressions.
Exercise 3.1
1. Which of the following are rational algebraic expressions?
(i)
x3 + 3x2 + 2
(ii) x3 + 3xz
x2 + 1
2x 3
(iii)
a2 5a + 6
(a 3) (a 1)
(v)
x2 + 4x +
x+
(vii) x2 +
x+4
-------------- 1
(iv) x2 - 5 + 6
x+2
(vi) 3y2 2y - 1
1
(viii)
1
------------x2 5x +1
Algebraic
Expression
(i)
Values of the
Variables
x = 1, y = 2
(ii)
x = -3
(iii)
m=5
(iv)
x=0
Meaningful /
meaningless
(v)
y=-
(vi)
x=5
(vii)
x = 1 and y = 1
Exercise 3.2
Simplify the following algebraic expressions.
1. 14x2y3z
2.
4x2 9y2
35x4y2
(2x+3y)(4x 9y)
3. 3x3 24
x2 + 3x 10
4.
5. (x -2) (x2 x 6)
(x - 3) (x2 x - 2)
6.
7. 7x2 + 7x - 84
21x2 189
8.
6x2-13x + 6
3x2 + x - 2
9. 4x2 13x + 3
4x - 1
10.
12.
2x4 + 2x
x3 x 2 + x
13. x4 13x2 + 36
x3 x2 - 6x
14.
(x + 3)(x2 + 8x + 15)
(x 2) (x2 + 6x + 9)
27y3- 8
9y2 + 6y + 4
16.
15.
8x5 - 8x
(2x2 + 2) (4x + 4)
x2 + 5x + 6
x2 + 7x + 10
Exercise 3.3
Simplify the following algebraic expressions.
1. x 5 + 3x + 11
2x+ 3
2x + 3
2.
y2
y+3
3. 4x
x1
4.
m
mn
5.
- x+1
x- 1
x3
x2 2xy + 4y2
6. 5x + 8
x2 9
- 3x + 2
x2 9
6y +
y+3
-
9
y+3
n
mn
8y3
x2-2xy + 4y2
7.
8. x + y
xy
x- y - x+y
10.
3x + 1
2x 7
9. 1- x +
3x 6 - x + 4
x2 - 5x+6
x2+2x-8
3+x 2x 7
18
2x - 7
x2
1+x
11.
m+3 +
m2+4m+3
m+2
m2+m 2
12. x2 4
x2+4x+4
x2 2x 3
x+1
13.
m - n
- 2mn
mn
m+n
m2 n2
14.
4y
2
x 16y2
15.
x2 + 2x + 3
x2 1
16.
x
x + 4y
x2
x2 y2
y
yx
18. y2 3y + 2
y2 5y + 4
+ y2 5y + 6
y2 9y +20
20.
2x
2x y
y
2x + y
x-4
x+1
x2 x + 1
x3 + 1
17.
x - 3
2
x 4x + 3
19.
1 - 1
x1
x+1
4xy
4x2 y2
2
x2 + 1
Exercise 3.4 A
1. Simplify the following :
(i)
6x2y3z
6z2
10z2
12xy2
(ii)
x2 y2
xy
x
x+y
(iii)
x2 2x -15
x2 + x 12
x2 + 3x 18
x2 + x 30
(iv)
x2 y2
x2 xy + y2
x3 + y3
x2 + 2xy + y2
(v)
x3 + 8
x2 4
x2 6x + 8
x2 2x + 4
(vi)
(x 1)2
x2 1
x2 - 9
4x2 16x + 12
(vii) m2 + 2m 15
m2 25
m2 2m - 15
m2 m 6
x2 7x + 12
x2 16
x2 2x - 24
x2 2x 3
6y2 + y - 1
3y2 13y + 4
(viii)
(ix)
2y2 + 7y 4
4y2 1
(x)
(x2 2x 3) (x2 5x + 6)
x2(x2 x 2)
x3 y3
x2 + xy + y2
x2 2xy + y2
Exercise 3.4. B
1. Simplify the following
(i)
m2 m
m1
(ii)
x+y
x2 y2
x2 xy
x2 2xy + y2
(iii)
x2 6x 7
x2 + 8x + 16
x2 13x + 42
x2 2x 24
(iv)
x3 + 5x2 + 25x
x9
x4 125x
x2 12x + 27
(v)
3x2 + 5x + 2
9x2 4
2x2 2
2x2 + x -3
(vi)
a2 + 4a + 3
a2 2a 3
2a2 + 7a + 3
2a2 5a 3
x4 + xy3
x2 - y2
(viii) |
m
m+1
a 2b
a + 3ab + 2b2
2
(ix)
-3
_____
-2
(x)
x3 + 3x2 4x 6
x2 4x 5
2x + 10
x2 25
(xi)
(xii) [
] [
x + ------
x+y
x+ y
x3 y3
Problem Set 3
Simplify the following:
1. x2 (2x + 1)2
8x3 2x
3. a2 b2
a3 b 3
5. x2 + 2x 15
x2 3x 10
7.
2.
a+b
2
a + ab + b2
4.
x3
2
x + 5x + 6
6. a + 3b
a 4b
x4 + 8xy3
x2 2xy + 4y2
2x2 + 5xy 3y2
2x - y
8. x2 9x 14
x2 49
x2 + 4x - 21
x2 10x + 16
9. m2 + 9m 20
m2 16
m2 2m 35
m2 + 3m 28
a2 6ab + 8b2
a2 + ab 6b2
10.
11. x2 + xy 2y2
x2 3xy + 2y2
12.
4y2
2y 3
13.
x4
- 5x
+
2
2
x +x+1
x +x+1
4x
x +x+1
1
a 3b
a
a 9b2
14.
12y
2y 3
1
+
2(a + 3b)
9_
3 2y
2
17.
16.
18. 2m2 + 7m 4
3m2 13m + 4
x - y
x6 y6
19. x2 2x + 4
20.
3a + 2
+
a+2
2
2
2a a 15
2a + 9a + 10
a-3 a a6
2
21.
x3
x+2
1
+
1
2
a 7x + 12
x 5x + 6
2
x 6x + 8
22.
1
1+ p
q+r
1
1+
q
r+p
+
1+
1
r
p+q
4m2 - 1
6m2 + m - 1
23. [
24.
25. [
26.
] [
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