Designation: C 602 95a (Reapproved 2001)

Standard Specication for

Agricultural Liming Materials
1
This standard is issued under the xed designation C 602; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specication covers agricultural liming materials,
such as burnt lime (quicklime), hydrated lime, limestone,
(calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and byproducts including
slag, and other materials.
1.2 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portion, Section 8: This standard does not purport
to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
2
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
Aggregates
3
D 3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
4
E 11 Specication for Wire-Cloth and Sieves for Testing
Purposes
5
3. Terminology
3.1 Denitions:
3.1.1 agricultural liming materiala product whose cal-
cium and magnesium compounds are capable of neutralizing
soil acidity.
3.1.2 air-cooled blast-furnace slag and granulated blast-
furnace slagair-cooled blast-furnace slag and granulated
blast furnace slag as dened in Terminology C 125.
3.1.3 calcium carbonate equivalent (C.C.E.)the acid-
neutralizing capacity (of an agricultural liming material) of the
material expressed as weight percent of calcium carbonate.
4. Chemical Classications
4.1 Agricultural liming materials shall be classied in terms
of calcium carbonate equivalent (C.C.E.), as shown in Table 1.
NOTE 1Marl and some byproduct liming materials are used for
neutralizing soil acidity, but due to their varying composition, their
chemical limits are not included. In some economic circumstances
limestone, slag, and shells of less than 80 % C.C.E. may be used.
5. Sieve Analysis Classications for Agricultural
Limestone
5.1 Agricultural limestone shall be classied according to
the minimum percentages passing the No. 8 (2.36-mm) and
No. 60 (250-m) sieves conforming to Specication E 11, as
shown in Table 2.
NOTE 2These classications apply where the agricultural limestone is
obtained by the normal crushing procedure and the product contains the
nes of fracture. In some economic circumstances, coarser products are
used. The No. 60 (250-m) sieve was selected because research has shown
that this sieve gives a more accurate representation of the particle size
distribution of most agricultural limestones presently produced than a ner
or coarser sieve. The No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve is used to control the upper
limit on the amount of coarse limestone particles that may be in the
product.
6. Sieve Analysis Classications for Agricultural Slag
6.1 Air-Cooled Blast-Furnace SlagAir-cooled blast-
furnace slag shall be classied the same as agricultural
limestone as shown in Section 5.
6.2 Granulated Blast-Furnace SlagGranulated blast-
furnace slag shall be classied in accordance with the mini-
mum percentages passing the No. 8 (2.36-mm) and the No. 60
(250-m) sieves.
7. Particle Size Requirements for Hydrated Lime and
Burnt Lime
7.1 Hydrated lime and burnt lime for agricultural use shall
be classied in accordance with the minimum percentages
passing the No. 8 (2.36-mm) and No. 60 (250-m) sieves, as
follows:
Min. %
Passing Sieve No. Hydrated Lime Burnt Lime
8 (2.36 mm) 100 95
60 (250 m) 97 35
8. Sampling
8.1 Agricultural liming materials shall be sampled using the
following equipment and procedures:
1
This specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime,
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.03 on Industrial Uses.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1995. Published February 1996. Originally
published as C 602 67 T. Last previous edition C 602 95.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
1
Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
8.1.1 Sampling Apparatus:
8.1.1.1 Sampling Tube, or Probe, of thin brass or other
noncorroding metal
3
4 to 1 in. (19 to 25 mm) in diameter and
3 ft (915 mm) in length, tted with a solid point and with an
open side of which one edge is sharpened and ared so that
upon turning, the liming material is forced into the tube.
8.1.1.2 Soil Probe, for sampling marl, 1 in. (25 mm) in
diameter and 20 in. (508 mm) long with an open end and side.
8.1.1.3 Pails, galvanized iron, two, 2
1
2-gal (0.5-L) capacity.
8.1.1.4 Pointed Shovel.
8.1.1.5 Riffle with Pans, as specied in Practice D 3176.
8.1.1.6 Sample Containers, airtight, vapor-proof, and
moisture-resistant, such as polyethylene jars or metal cans, of
1-qt (946-cm
3
) and 1-gal (3784-cm
3
) capacities.
8.1.2 Taking the SamplesSamples shall be taken so as to
represent an average of all parts of the lot, avoiding a
disproportionate amount of surface material or of any modied
or contaminated zone. Preferably, the sample shall be taken at
the point of nal weighing for sale.
8.1.2.1 Burnt Lump Lime, in BulkCollect a composite
sample of not less than ten shovelsful per car, or shipment,
taking each shovelful from different parts of the mass. Crush
immediately to pass a 2-in. (51-mm) diameter circular opening,
mix thoroughly and rapidly, quarter down to a 5-lb (2.3-kg)
sample and place immediately in a labeled, dry sample
container.
8.1.2.2 Hydrated Lime and Ground Burnt Lime in Bags
Select ten bags from different parts of each lot, or shipment, of
20 tons (18 metric tons), or less, and one additional bag for
each additional 5 tons (4.5 metric tons). From each selected
bag, withdraw a core from top to bottom with the sampling
tube, place these subsamples in a pail and then mix them by
passing through the riffle three times, recombining the splits
between each pass. After the third pass, by means of the riffle,
reduce the sample to 2 lb (0.92 kg) and place in a labeled, dry
sample container. Mix and reduce the sample rapidly to prevent
either loss or absorption of moisture.
8.1.2.3 Ground Limestone, Slag, Shells, and Marl, in
BagsProceed as in 8.1.2.2.
8.1.2.4 Ground Limestone, Ground Burnt Lime, Hydrated
Lime, Slag, Shells, and Marl, in BulkTake at least ten
subsamples, representative of the lot, from the lot (car, truck, or
stockpile), using the sampling tube. If possible, the tube should
be inserted to its full length, given a one-half turn and then
removed. If the material is too hard for use of the probe, dig
holes distributed over the entire surface of the mass, to a depth
of about 2 ft (610 mm) and from the sides of the hole take
approximately 1-pt (473-cm
3
) subsamples. Collect the sub-
samples in a pail and mix the sample by passing through the
riffle three times, recombining the splits between passes. After
the third pass, by means of the riffle, reduce the sample to 2 lb
(0.92 kg) and place immediately in a labeled, dry sample
container. Mix and reduce the sample rapidly to prevent loss or
absorption of moisture. When the sample is too wet for
adequate eld mixing and reduction, the entire sample is dried
in a laboratory dryer prior to mixing and reduction to size.
Spread the sample in a dry, tared metal pan to a maximum
depth of
1
2 in. (13 mm), weigh the pan and contents, dry,
reweigh, and report the percentage lost. Mix the dry sample
and reduce to size as specied above.
9. Chemical Methods
9.1 Reagent grade chemicals or equivalent and water purity
shall be used as specied in Test Methods C 25.
9.2 The analytical sample for chemical methods relative to
this standard shall be pulverized to pass a 60 mesh sieve.
9.3 The following chemical parameters are to be determined
using the methods as specied in Test Methods C 25.
9.3.1 Calcium carbonate equivalent, and
9.3.2 Total calcium and magnesiumdetermination can be
made either gravimetrically or by EDTA titration.
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL LIMING
MATERIALS
10. Preparation of Sample
10.1 Dry the sample to constant weight at 110 6 5C and
store in an airtight container. Obtain the sample from a larger
sample of the material to be tested by the use of a riffle or a
sample splitter in accordance with Practice D 3176, or by the
method of quartering. The sample for sieve analysis shall have
a weight of 100 to 150 g.
10.2 Where limestone contains clay, some agglomeration of
ne particles may occur. The agglomerates must be broken by
rolling the dry sample with a hard rubber roller on a hard
rubber mat or by some equally effective means that does not
result in crushing the limestone.
11. Procedure
11.1 Weigh the dried sample to an accuracy of 0.1 g. Sieve
the sample through an 8-in. (203-mm) diameter No. 8 (2.36-
mm) sieve and an 8-in. diameter No. 60 (250-m) sieve. The
sieves shall conform to Specication E 11. Conduct the sieving
operation by means of a lateral and vertical motion of this
sieve, accompanied by a jarring action so as to keep the sample
moving continuously over the surface of the sieve. Continue
sieving until not more than 0.5 weight percent of the total
sample passes either sieve during 1 min. The sieving operation
TABLE 1 Agricultural Liming Materials
Material
Calcium Carbonate
Equivalent (C.C.E.),
percent
Burnt lime not less than 140
Hydrated lime not less than 110
Limestone not less than 80
Slag not less than 80
Shells not less than 80
TABLE 2 Classication for Agricultural Limestone
Class
Designation
Passing No. 8
(2.36-mm)
Sieve, min,
percent
Passing No. 60
(250-m)
Sieve, min,
percent
S 100 100
T 99 75
O 95 55
N 90 40
E 80 25
C 602
2
may be performed either by hand or by a mechanical apparatus.
Determine the weight of liming material passing each sieve on
a scale or balance sensitive to at least 0.1 g. Calculate the
amount of liming material passing the No. 8 (2.36-mm) and the
No. 60 (250-m) sieves to the nearest whole percentage of the
total weight of the dry sample.
12. Report
12.1 Report the following results for agricultural liming
materials:
12.1.1 Percentage Calcium Carbonate EquivalentThe
percentage calcium carbonate equivalent (C.C.E.) shall be
reported on the as-received basis. Calculate as follows:
C.C.E. ~as2received! 5 @12~% moisture 4 100!# 3 C.C.E. ~oven2dry!
(1)
12.1.2 Percentage MoistureCalculate as follows:
Weight of sample ~as received! (2)
Moisture, % 5
2oven2dry weight 3 100
Weight of sample ~as2received!
12.1.3 Percentage Calcium and MagnesiumThe percent-
ages of elemental calcium and elemental magnesium on the
basis of the as-received sample.
12.1.4 Sieve AnalysisThe amount of dried sample passing
the No. 8 (2.36-mm) and No. 60 (250-m) sieves as a
percentage of the total weight of the dried sample with the
gures rounded to the nearest whole percentage point.
13. Keywords
13.1 agricultural liming materials; agricultural limestone;
burnt lime; calcium carbonate equivalent; hydrated lime; lime
byproducts; limestone; slag
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C 602
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