International Journal of Applied Engineering Research.

ISSN 0973-4562, Volume 9, Number 1 (2014) pp. 115-120

Research India Publications
http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm



Design Analysis of Cantilever I Type Beam for
Jib CraneA Practical Problem of Industry


Sunil R. Kewate
1
,

Charudatta A. Simpi
2
, D.R. Choudhari
3
and J.H. Atole
4

1
Mechanical Engg. Dept. Govt. College of Engg. & Research,
Awasari, Ta. Ambegaon, Dist.: Pune.
2,3,4
Student, Mechanical Engg. Dept. Govt. College of Engg. & Research,
Awasari, Ta. Ambegaon, Dist.: Pune.


Abstract

Todays industry demands versatile, efficient and cost effective
equipment while at the same time providing more flexibility along with
significant savings through increased productivity. Developing an
industrial activity gives an exposure to the budding engineers to get
familiar with the industrial area, in which they are supposed to work in
future. Also the interaction happened during the development of an
activity include investigation of available methodologies, finding the
drawbacks in the existing system, creation of new innovative ideas,
checking the feasibility of ideas, gathering of relevant information,
application of theoretical knowledge for designing of system,
verification using computer oriented technologies, finally
implementation of best solution gives us the opportunities to come true
is the problem of failure of component of jib crane ,then it is selected
for the design analysis and finding the best solution. Cantilever I- type
beam is a component of the jib crane used in Kedar Engineers
Industry, which is located in Bhosari MIDC, Pune. This component is
liable to fail due to excessive loading, by the flexural yielding and the
shear cracks. The design of the crane for industry aims to ensure the
safety for selected components. In this paper, Investigations for the
system currently in use was analyzed for various modes of failure and
then selected the major component of jib crane is cantilever I- type
beam for the analysis and furthermore the results are compared with
FEA software- ANSYS. The analytical calculations for the maximum
stress developed and the maximum deflection occurring in the
cantilever I- type beam, are calculated for the sorted range of
Sunil R. Kewate et al


116
commercially available sizes of I- type beam; selected arbitrarily for
the given loading conditions and then the modeling of the same
designs is made using software itself and tested for the given loading
conditions. Also the results obtained are plotted for von misses stress
distribution and maximum stress SMAX, and maximum deflection
DMAX is obtained on the window is shown in this paper

Keywords: Industry problem, investigations, Cantilever I type beam,
design analysis, ANSYS software etc.

1. Introduction
The findings at the shop floor, undergoing the development of a project for the
industry, includes that a reliable, safe, and low cost material handling equipment can
be installed for lifting a load of 250 Kg to a height of 20ft as application intends.
During the investigation for available alternatives, associated technology, working
methods, suitability for application; among the various forms of cranes the wall
mounted jib was found satisfying all the requirements. Working under the constraints,
the investigation is carried for various modes of failure, deviation of the system from
normal performance varying working modes. In study and investigations, it is observed
that the system requires breakdown maintenance two times in a year due to the reasons
given below
a) Lateral shift of cantilever I-type beam or misalignment of axis of cantilever I-
type beam with respect to axis of mounting due to exceeding shear stresses
caused damage to the bearing.
b) Flexural yielding of cantilever I-type beam due to overloading, improper
design.

2. Design Analysis
2.1 Failure of cantilever I-type beam
When the beam is adequately supported against lateral buckling, the beam failure
occurs by yielding of the material at the point of maximum moment. The beam is
capable of reaching its plastic moment capacity under the applied loads and the design
strength is governed by yield stress. When the bending moment reaches to critical, the
material starts deforming into plastic range. Therefore the beam gets fail under
buckling.

2.2 Design Methodology
In order to design a cantilever I-type beam for the jib crane, the above mentioned
drawbacks are attempted to be eliminated and justified. The stress analysis of I beam is
more refined and compared with ANSYS.


Design Analysis of Cantilever I Type Beam for Jib CraneA Practical Problem 117

Arbitrary selection of 3 sizes of cantilever I -type Beam
MB100, MB125, MB150


Analytical stress analysis for
calculations of
max
and y
max
for each case


Comparison of stress analysis with ANSYS by
determination of
max
and y
max
for each case


Selection of suitable cantilever I type beam.

Flowchart 1: Design Methodology of Cantilever I type beam.

The analytical calculations for the maximum stress developed and the maximum
deflection occurring in the beam are calculated for the sorted range of commercially
available sizes of I beam; selected arbitrarily for the given loading conditions and then
the modeling of the same designs is made using software itself and tested for the given
loading conditions.

3. Stress Analysis
3.1 Cantilever I-Type beam, MB150, carrying load -1000Kg

Table 1: Design details of flexurally failed I beam of size MB150.

Designation Depth Width Web Thickness Root Thickness I
xx

MB150 150 75 5 8 7180000


Figure 1: Stress distribution of MB150 cantilever I-type beam.

I- beam acts as cantilever beam loaded at free end when used as support in jib
crane.
Sunil R. Kewate et al


118
Let L =Free length of cantilever=2100 mm
W
T
= Total weight responsible for development of maximum stress in beam
neglecting Inertia dynamic
force , W
T
=9810+196.2=10006.2 N
W
s
= Self weight of cantilever=Weight of beam per meter length length of
beam=309.1 N, y
mux
=Maximum Deflection, E =Youngs modulus=2.1
10
5
MPa, =Poissons ratio=0.3
o
pcm
=Permissible stress for I beam =87 MPa,I
xx
=moment of inertia about axis
of buckling
M=maximum bending momen =22.3910
6
Nmm,
Z=section modulus =
I
xx
y
=95.7310
3
mm
3

Now, maximum flexural stress at extreme fiber of beam is
max
=
M
Z
=
233.89 N/ mm
2

Maximum deflection isy
max
=
wI
4
8EI
+
WI
3
8EI
=21.75 mm

4. Alternative Stress Analysis in Ansys Software
4.1 Preprocessing
For structural analysis, beam element with linear, homogeneous and isotropic material
properties is selected. A model of cantilever is constructed by applying the beam
section to the line created by joining key points in active coordinate system. Meshing
is done by line attributes with smart size control, automatic meshing yields free quad
elements. Degrees of freedom are set to zero at rear end. Loading is in negative Y
direction. Then current load system is solved.

4.2 Post processing
Results obtained are plotted for von misses stress distribution and maximum stress
SMAX, and maximum deflection DMAX is obtained on the window, as shown


Figure 2: Von misses stress distribution in MB150 I-type beam for given loading.
Design Analysis of Cantilever I Type Beam for Jib CraneA Practical Problem 119

MB150 cantilever I type beam is found notwithstanding the design criterion, so I
beams of three different sizes commercially available in market are sequentially
considered for analytical stress analysis. The results obtained compared with ANSYS
are summarized as follows,



Figure 3: Von misses stress distribution in MB100 and MB125 I -
type beam for given loading.

The comparison of analytical and software analyzed values is shown in table 2

Table 2: Comparison of analytical and software analyzed values (stress and deflection)

Beam Load

Analytical Results Software Results

max
y
max

max
y
max

MB150 10006.2 233.89 21.75 214.25 20.18
MB100 2773.7 164.40 22.83 164.13 22.94
MB125 2773.7 85.84 9.50 82.49 9.25
MB150 2773.7 64.23 5.91 56.46 5.32

5. Conclusions
The cantilever I type beam MB150 is unsuitable for lifting a load of 1000 Kg, for the
given static loading conditions, leading to the flexural yielding of the beam. For a load
of 250Kg, the stress analysis shows that
max
in cantilever I-type beam MB125 is
within the permissible limit, satisfying the requirements of application. Therfore the
cantilever Itype beam MB125 is recommended and suggested for the development of
jib crane. These results are compared to ANSYS, the findings include that results are
appropriate with the error of 0.16% (for MB100) to12.09 %( MB150) in stress and of
0.1 %( for MB125) to 9.98% (MB150) for deflection

Sunil R. Kewate et al


120
6. Acknowledgements
Completing a task is never a one mans effort. Several prominent people in
production, academics, and administrative field have helped in Design analysis of
cantilever I type beam for jib crane a practical problem of industry for this present
research work. Their collective support has led in successful design and development
of this work. To name them all is impossible.
I am thankful to colleagues, at, Government College of Engineering, Awasari,
Pune, and various other institutions for cooperation provided by them. Special thanks
to the Principal and teaching staff of GCOEAR, Awasari, and M/S Kedar engineers,
Pune sponsored of this work for needful support and encouragement for making
successful.

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