TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA

363 P. Casal St., Quiapo, Manila

Department of Chemical Engineering
Heat and Mass Transfer

PROBLEM SET 1 (midterm)

NAME:_______________________________________ DATE:_______________________

PART I:
1. Moist air at 310 K has a wet-bulb temperature of 300 K. If the latent heat of vaporization of water at 300
K is 2440 kJ/kg, estimate the humidity of the air and the percentage relative humidity. The total pressure
is 105 kN/m2 and the vapor pressure of water vapor at 300 K is 3.60 kN/m2 and 6.33 kN/m2 at 310 K.

2. Air containing 0.005 kg water vapour per kg of dry air is heated to 325 K in a dryer and passed to the
lower shelves. It leaves these shelves at 60 per cent humidity and is reheated to 325 K and passed over
another set of shelves, again leaving at 60 per cent humidity. This is again repeated for the third and
fourth sets of shelves, after which the air leaves the dryer. On the assumption that the material on each
shelf has reached the wet-bulb temperature and that heat losses from the dryer may be neglected,
determine:
(a) the temperature of the material on each tray;
(b) the amount of water removed in kg/s, if 5 m3/s moist air leaves the dryer;
(c) the temperature to which the inlet air would have to be raised to carry out the drying in a single
stage.

3. Water is to be cooled from 328 to 293 K by means of a countercurrent air stream entering at 293 K with
a relative humidity of 20 per cent. The flow of air is 0.68 m3/m2s and the water throughput is 0.26
kg/m2s. The whole of the resistance to heat and mass transfer may be assumed to be in the gas phase
and the product,(hda) may be taken as 0.2 (m/s)(m2/m3), that is 0.2 per second. What is the required
height of packing and the condition of the exit air stream?

4. Moist air at 1atm, a dry-bulb temperature of 195
o
F , and a wet-bulb temperature of 115
o
F is enclosed in
a rigid container. The container and its contents are cooled to 110
o
F.
a. What is the molar humidity of the cooled moist air?
b. What is the final total pressure in atm in the container?
c. What is the dew point in F
o
of the cooled moist air?
d. What is the final wet-bulb temperature in F
o
?

5. A humidifier is conditioning air to 120
o
F db and 90
o
wb by heating outside air and then passing it through
a spray chamber in which it reaches 90% humidity, and then reheating it to the desired temperature.
The outside air is foggy at 40
o
F, carrying as liquid water 0.0004 lb water per cubic feet wet air. What is
the temperature (air) must be reached in each heating operation, ad how many BTU are required in
each heating stage per 100 pound of dry air entering from the outside?

6. In one of the hotter regions of the country a home owner decides to keep her home at an average
temperature of 80
o
F and 40% humidity. On a typical day the outside conditions are as follows: dry-bulb
temperature = 95
o
F and wet-bulb = 85
o
F. The city water supply is at 70
o
F and scarce. She therefore
decides to use an electric refrigeration unit to cool the air entering the ventilating ducts. Summary of
condition:
Size of home: 50,000 cubic feet
Recirculation rate: one complete charge every 3 mins.
Average outlet temperature of the air: 82
o
F
The increase in humidity in the house may be considered as zero.
Makeup air may be considered at 15% of the inlet air.
Give complete flow sheet of the process and determine the amount of refrigeration and reheating
necessary to maintain the above conditions.
7. PLUS ALL THE PROBLEMS OF HUMIDIFICATION WE HAVENT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER IN MRII
REVIEWER (the red-covered edition)

PART II
1. Humidification involves mass transfer between a pure liquid phase and a fixed gas which is:
a) insoluble in the liquid
b) soluble in the liquid
c) non-ideal in nature
d) at a fixed temperature

2. At a fixed total pressure, humidity depends only on the
a) partial pressure of vapor in the mixture
b) heat capacity of the vapor
c) density of the vapor
d) none of these

3. In saturated gas, the
a) vapor is in equilibrium with the liquid at the gas temperature
b) vapor is in equilibrium with the liquid at the room temperature
c) partial pressure of vapor equals the vapor pressure of the liquid at room temperature
d) none of these

4. Relative humidity is the ratio of the
a) partial pressure of the vapor to the vapor pressure of the liquid at room temperature
b) partial pressure of the vapor to the vapor pressure of the liquid at gas temperature
c) actual humidity to saturation humidity
d) none of these

5. The percentage humidity is less than the relative humidity only at
a) zero percentage humidity
b) hundred percent humidity
c) both zero or hundred percent humidity
d) none of these

6. Heat is BTU necessary to increase the temperature of 1 lb. of gas and its accompanying vapor by 1
o
F is
called the
a) latent heat
b) humid heat
c) specific heat
d) sensible heat

7. Humid volume is the total volume in cubic feet of 1 lb. of
a) vapor and gas at 1 atm. and room temperature
b) gas plus its accompanying vapor at 1 atm. and room temperature
c) gas plus its accompanying vapor at 1 atm. and gas temperature
d) vapor laden gas at 1 atm. and gas temperature

8. The temperature to which a vapor gas mixture must be cooled (at varying humidity) to become saturated is
a) dew point
b) wet bulb temperature
c) dry bulb temperature
d) none of these

9. The dew point of a saturated gas phase equals the
a) gas temperature
b) room temperature
c) wet bulb temperature
d) none of these

10. Steady state temperature reached by a small amount of liquid evaporating into a large amount of
unsaturated vapor-gas mixture is
a) dry-bulb temperature
b) wet bulb temperature
c) dew point
d) adiabatic saturation temperature

11. Dry bulb temperature of the gas is
a) less than the wet-bulb temperature
b) greater than the wet-bulb temperature
c) equal to the wet-bulb temperature
d) none of these

12. The difference of wet bulb temperature and adiabatic saturation temperature of unsaturated mixture of any
system is
a) positive
b) negative
c) zero
d) none of these

13. When the temperature and humidity of air is low we usually use
a) natural draft cooling tower
b) forced draft cooling tower
c) induced draft cooling tower
d) none of these

14. The equipment frequently used for adiabatic humidification-cooling operation with recirculating liquid is
a) natural draft cooling tower
b) induced draft cooling tower
c) spray chamber
d) none of these

15. The most efficient cooling tower out of the following is
a) induced draft
b) forced draft
c) natural draft
d) atmospheric

16. Critical humidity of a solid salt means the humidity
a) above which it will always become damp
b) below which it will always stay dry
c) both a and b
d) above which it will always become dry and below which it will always stay damp.

19. Percentage saturation is..the relative saturation.
a) always smaller than
b) always greater than
c) not related to
d) none of these

20. Wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures become identical at
a) 100% saturation curve
b) 50% saturation curve
c) 78% saturation curve
d) none of these

21. Which of the following processes is followed by unsaturated air (with dry bulb temperature 12
o
C and
relative humidity 47%) passing through water spray washer (temperature of water being constant at 40
o
C)?
a) humidification only
b) heating only
c) both heating and humidification
d) evaporative cooling

22. Which of the following remains constant during sensible cooling process?
a) specific humidity
b) partial pressure of vapor
c) both a and b
d) neither a nor b

23. During sensible cooling process
a) relative humidity decreases
b) relative humidity increases
c) wet bulb temperature increases
d) both b and c

24. A mixture of 10% C
6
H
6
vapor in air at 25
o
C and 750 mm Hg has a dew point of 20
o
C. Its dew point at 30
o
C
and 700 mm Hg will be around
a) 21.7
o
C
b) 20
o
C
c) 27.3
o
C
d) 18.7
o
C

25. Which of the following remains constant during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
a) relative humidity
b) partial pressure of vapor
c) wet bulb temperature
d) none of these

26. Dew point of a gas-vapor mixture
a) increases with temperature rise
b) decreases with temperature rise
c) decreases with increases in pressure
d) increases with increases in pressure

27. Which of the following decreases during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
a) wet bulb temperature
b) relative humidity
c) partial pressure of vapor
d) none of these

28. Which of the following increases during evaporative cooling process with recirculated water supply?
a) wet bulb temperature
b) relative humidity
c) partial pressure of vapor
d) both b and c

29. The relative saturation of a partially saturated mixture of vapor and gas can be increased by
a) reducing the total pressure of the mixture
b) increasing the total pressure of the mixture
c) reducing the temperature of the mixture
d) both b and c

30. Condensation of a vapor-gas mixture just begin when
a) p = P
b) p P
c) p P
d) p>= P
where: p = partial pressure of the vapor
P = vapor pressure of the liquid

31. Unsaturated air (with dry and wet bulb temperatures being 35
o
C and 25
o
C respectively) is passed through
water spray chamber maintained at 35
o
C. The air will be
a) cooled
b) humidified
c) both a and b
d) dehumidified

32. In case of unsaturated air
a) dew point wet bulb temperature
b) wet bulb temperature dry bulb temperature
c) both a and b
d) neither a nor b

33. Unsaturated air (with dry bulb temperature and dew point being 35
o
C and 18
o
C respectively) is passed
through a water spray chamber maintained at 15
o
C. The air will be
a) cooled and humidified
b) cooled and dehumidified with increase in wet bulb temperature
c) cooled at the same relative humidity
d) cooled and dehumidified with decrease in wet bulb temperature

34. Which of the following parameters remains almost constant during adiabatic saturation of unsaturated air?
a) dry bulb temperature
b) dew point
c) wet bulb temperature
d) none of these

35. Unsaturated air (with dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures being 45
o
C and 25
o
C respectively) is passed
through a water spray chamber maintained at 23
o
C. The air will be
a) cooled and humidified with wet bulb temperature decreasing
b) cooled and humidified at constant wet bulb temperature
c) cooled and dehumidified
d) none of these